Linear weight of channel - calculation and dependence |
Modern science distinguishes between concepts such as weight and mass. This happens primarily because weight is a strength characteristic, i.e. a measure of impact on a support or suspension. Mass, on the contrary, is a measure of the inertia of a body. We are writing all this so that while reading this article you will not have any questions about what is the difference between the weight of a channel and its mass. For simplicity, we consider here only those situations where these two parameters are equivalent.
In the case of profiles, the mass depends on the following parameters:
- Forms;
- Metal;
- Sizes.
Shape and dimensions
Speaking about the shape, it is necessary to clarify that there are several types of profiles, for example, classic and perforated.
Metal structures can be made not only from steel, therefore, when talking about other alloys, this will be indicated separately. We are clarifying this point, since the weight of channel 12 made of aluminum will be several times lower than when steel is used.
Weight of channel models
In the usual case, the mass of a profile is calculated quite simply, but only if its shape is simple. Those. We are considering an equal-flanged product, the internal edges of the walls of which are located parallel to each other.
There are also unequal profiles, for which the calculation of mass is somewhat more complicated, but the most difficult option is the inclined edges of the internal walls.
This product turns out to be very massive, but this is compensated by increased strength due to the large volume of metal.
The weight of channel 10 can vary from 3 to 12.7 kg depending on its dimensions. In this case, such a large spread is ensured by different wall heights. It starts at 40 mm and can reach 160 mm, resulting in a very deep profile. The thickness also does not remain constant and varies from 2 to 6 mm.
If we consider all the numbers of the bent profile, then we can say that the channel with the h:b:s ratio of 25:26:2 mm has the minimum mass. The weight of this profile barely exceeds 1 kg. On the other side of the size line there is number 41, which can be presented in the form of a similar ratio of 410:65:6 mm and the weight of just one meter will already be 24.38 kg.
A higher channel number does not mean that the product will be heavier. The weight of channel 20 will be less than that of number 21 only if the dimensions of the walls and the thickness of the product are the same, otherwise even number 20 will be able to bypass the 21 profile.
The mass of hot-rolled profiles starts from 4.84 kg for the 5U product, the dimensions of which can be represented as 50:32:4.4 mm, and the length is 1 m. With a wall height of 40 mm and the presence of a slope of the internal edges, the weight is 48.3 kg per 1 m This is due to the fact that the metal consumption for such a channel is very large, and its dimensions are 400:115:8 mm.
Metal
Usually, when they talk about the tabular value of the mass or weight of profiles, examples of which we gave in the previous paragraph, they mean some abstract steel having a density of 7.85 units and a product length of 1 m. In reality, the situation is somewhat different, since the most different alloys.
One of the interesting options for various unloaded structures is aluminum. This is a fairly common silvery-white metal today, the density of which is 2.7 units. Obviously, the weight of channel 14 made of such material will be much lighter than steel; another thing is that creating such large structures from aluminum is not always advisable.
As a structural material, aluminum is very attractive not only because of its low weight, but also because it can be easily stamped and does not require any additional protection. Of course, during the technological process, the production of profiles from this metal is accompanied by various procedures that make it possible to slightly increase the strength of the product.
Steel channels
On the other hand, steel is used even more often than aluminum, and the most common options are carbon and low-alloy varieties. The quality of carbon steels is determined by the presence of impurities in them. The most dangerous are sulfur and phosphorus. Sulfur causes the metal to become red brittle, and phosphorus causes brittleness. For ordinary steel, these components cannot exceed 0.05%.
Within such a group, the mass of 1 m3 changes insignificantly, so the influence of impurities on the weight of the channel can be neglected. In this case, the metal marking “St” is used. A higher quality variety already has the designation “Steel”, and the S and P content is less than 0.035%. There are two more varieties of such alloys, high quality and special quality, in which the proportion of harmful impurities is less than 0.025% and 0.015%, respectively.
For high quality steel, the marking “A” is used at the end of the mark, and for higher quality, “W”.
The type of steel affects the weight of a meter of profile. For example, the weight of a channel 16 made of carbon steel will be different from the result obtained when using an alloy alloy.
Alloy steel is an alloy that, in addition to basic impurities, contains a number of elements that are introduced in certain quantities. These are alloying additives, the role of which is chosen from chromium, copper, bound nitrogen, nickel or vanadium. All alloy steels are divided into 3 categories:
- low alloy;
- medium alloyed;
- highly alloyed.
In the first case, we are talking about only 2.5% impurities, in the second they can be up to 10%, and highly alloyed compounds often have 50% impurities.
To summarize, we note that we have considered most of the factors that influence the weight of the channel. It should also be noted that when weighing a batch, it will be necessary to take into account small deviations caused by various errors, which is clearly stated in the relevant state standard.
Source: http://on-mirrors-edge.com/pogonnyiy-ves-shvellera-raschet-i-zavisimost/
Financial horoscope from Vlad Ross for the week from January 20 to January 26, 2020 | Express News
Material well-being is that aspect of a modern person’s life that has the most direct impact on his happiness, independence, opportunities, and prospects. That is why we pay such close attention to this issue. And it is for this reason that the famous astrologer Vlad Ross gives forecasts for the coming week from January 20 to 26, 2020 to all zodiac signs, how to behave and what to expect financially.
Correspondents of the Express-Novosti news agency listened to what the astrologer was talking about, and are in a hurry to share the knowledge they gained with their readers. At the same time, we remind you that knowledge helps not only to make the right choice, but to avoid many, including material, problems.
Aries
This coming week, Aries will be supported by Mars. However, Vlad Ross warns that the belligerence of this planet can cause major deals to fail. If you don’t hesitate and don’t doubt your abilities, while avoiding conflict situations, then representatives of this sign will be able to succeed on any front.
Taurus
Representatives of this sign will have a great chance to clear the way to financial well-being. To do this, Ross recommends planning your time and setting priorities. The useful connections that Taurus have the opportunity to acquire this week will also play a role.
Twins
Education is what Gemini needs to take care of first. This will be the key to career advancement, as well as a way to understand in which direction you need to develop. The astrologer also recommends spending some time studying the basics of psychology, which will allow representatives of the sign to promptly recognize toxic people.
Cancer
Cancers will have to rely on themselves, taking into account the fact that only the first half of the week will be successful in terms of resolving financial issues. True, Vlad Ross notes that the advice of wise mentors should not be neglected. At the same time, representatives of the sign will be able to attract financial success if they bring all matters to completion.
a lion
Leos will be riding a positive wave all week. And if they also learn to seek compromise on controversial issues, this will lead to clear financial success. To lay a strong foundation for future victories, Ross advises Leos to work more, leaving rest for the weekend.
Virgo
For Virgos, the financial component will be a priority for the tasks being solved. At the same time, it will be possible to cope with troubles and succeed only if you do not let things take their course, but show activity and a desire to achieve the intended horizons.
Scales
For Libra, planets and stars this week will cause negativity, doubts and worries. And, as Vlad Ross notes, if representatives of the sign waver, succumbing to these feelings, then in the end they risk choosing the wrong road. If you adhere to your own rules and plans, then in the end you will be able to establish the right vector leading to success and prosperity.
Scorpion
Scorpios will crave action, so by the end of the week they will feel low in energy. And, in order to neutralize such a plot of development, representatives of the sign should develop a clear action plan, in which there will be a place for timely rest. As Vlad Ross says, everything should have its time - work should remain at work, and at home you need to replenish your energy and vitality. Only in this case will Scorpios be able to achieve financial well-being.
Sagittarius
Representatives of this sign will need to get rid of irritability and discomfort, which will allow them to do things in a calm environment for the benefit of their financial independence. At the same time, Ross advises fighting not with the consequences of troubles, but with its source, which will lead to internal balance and a positive attitude, leading to financial well-being.
Capricorn
Capricorns should not make rash decisions, and also stop listening to the opinions of those around them. The astrologer also recommends moderating your appetites in terms of spending money, which will ultimately help avoid financial troubles.
Aquarius
Representatives of this zodiac constellation will have a chance to find an additional source of income this week. The main thing here, according to Ross, is a positive attitude and the desire to work for success, using your energy reserves to the maximum. And the result will not be long in coming, especially if Aquarians do not forget about rest and finish the things they start.
Fish
Pisces will have to live a busy and fruitful week, relying on independent work. Thus, according to Vlad Ross, if representatives of the sign make exclusively independent decisions, then they will be able not only to gain authority, but also to achieve the desired result and succeed in the business sphere. And from here financially profitable offers will flow, leading to the heights of well-being and prosperity.
Watch also interesting videos on the “VideoOrakul” channel:
#Vlad Ross #Finance #Astrology #Forecast #Week #January #2020
Source: https://express-novosti.ru/interesting/esoteric/2147510083-finansovyij-goroskop-ot-vlada-rossa-na-nedelyu-s-20-po-26-yanvarya-2020-goda.html
What is the weight of channel 14?
Channels are used almost everywhere - from fastening drywall and partitions with small channels No. 5 to the construction of reinforced supporting structures of railway bridges, tunnels and other large engineering structures using channels from the top positions of the assortment. With lower cost and weight, the characteristics of the channel are almost identical to those of an I-beam.
To control the quality of channels, GOST standards were adopted regulating the production of this type of ferrous and non-ferrous rolled products. For the most part, manufacturers offer channels made of various steels and alloys, but they also produce aluminum channels that weigh several times less than steel ones.
Channel 14, according to DSTU 3436-96, is available in five different types :
- with a slope of internal edges,
- with parallel edges of shelves,
- easy,
- economical,
- special.
Channel (U)
One of the clear advantages of channels over other types of load-bearing elements used in the construction of metal structures is the possibility of their installation without welding , for example, during the construction of floors.
The density of the metal according to GOST , used in the manufacture of channels, is taken as an average value equal to 7.85 g/cm3 . The popular steel grade St3ps has this density, but the value may differ for other grades of steel, for example, high-alloy steels, in which the share of additives introduced to improve the characteristics of steel can sometimes reach up to 50% of the weight of the alloy.
BrandWeight of 1 meter, kg| 14 (U) | 12,30 |
Channel (P)
According to the production method, channels are divided into:
- hot rolling,
- bent,
- steel special.
also divided into equal-flange , when the channel flanges are the same in width along its entire length, and the section of the beam can be fit into an equilateral rectangle, and unequal-flange , for special applications, for example, in car building.
BrandWeight of 1 meter, kg| 14 (P) | 12,30 |
Channel (L)
The half-tee (another name for the channel) itself is a light and durable product, but in addition to this, a special lightweight series with the L index was developed. This channel is structurally designed in the same way as 14P, its flanges are parallel, but due to its smaller thickness, the total weight of the channel it turned out much smaller.
When using a channel beam where good strength and as little weight as possible are required from a metal structure, the 14L channel will be the optimal choice.
BrandWeight of 1 meter, kg| 14 (L) | 5,94 |
Channel (E)
The economical series occupies a position between a conventional channel with parallel flange edges (P) and a light channel (L). The strength characteristics of channel 14E are almost identical to those of channel 14P, but this type of channel is a little lighter, the wall thickness is thinner, and the price is lower.
Thanks to such a wide range of different channels of the same size, but with different weights per linear meter and cost, the design is left with a large selection of the most suitable elements for use, taking into account their various properties. Working on the Internet is for you.
BrandWeight of 1 meter, kg| 14 (E) | 12,15 |
Channel (C)
Requirements for channels used in:
- mechanical engineering,
- carriage building,
- automotive industry,
- machine tool industry,
differ from those that apply to metal structures in construction, construction of engineering structures, construction of advertising structures, etc. Taking this into account, a special series of channels with the letter “C” was developed. Data on such channels can be found in GOST-8240-97, as well as DSTU 14-2-19425–74, developed for a special series.
BrandWeight of 1 meter, kg| 14 (C) | 14,53 |
| 14 (Ca) | 16,72 |
Source: http://stroymetcon.ru/sortament/profilnaya/shvellery/ves/14.html
