How to crochet reinforcement for beginners

Since the frame is the basis of the foundation, on the quality of which the strength of the entire structure depends, the binding of reinforcement and, specifically, the method of performing this work are of great importance in determining the quality and reliability of the structure. The strength of the building and the ability to withstand any environmental influences directly depend on how well the reinforcement elements are connected: on the type of reinforcement and its quantity, used in laying the foundation, and the method of knitting the rods.

How to tie reinforcement for a foundation

Selection of rods for construction

The main indicator that determines the use of a specific brand of reinforcement in a particular foundation is the diameter. Thicker rods will withstand greater tension and other loads. The diameter is determined when designing a structure based on soil heaving indicators and the planned weight of the structure. But not everyone strictly adheres to the projects during construction, and some do not draw them up at all. What rods should be used if construction is carried out without a design?

For building a house from foam, heat and gas blocks, a small country house, a garage, rods with a diameter of up to 12 mm are suitable. The use of rods with a diameter of less than 12 millimeters when laying the foundation is not allowed.

If the construction of solid, large buildings is planned, the foundation is reinforced with large diameter rods. When planning construction, be sure to look at the class of rods. In private construction, A-3.-class is suitable. Such metal, even when cold, bends 90 degrees without consequences. Also used, but much less frequently, are A-2-class rods that bend 180 degrees when cold. Read about how to pour a foundation here.

We tie the ends of the wire with pliers

Reinforcement cage tying systems

For the foundation, the reinforcement can be knitted either manually or semi-automatically.

If you knit by hand, you will need to use a special hook or pliers. The rods are tied at the place where they cross with ordinary wire, with a cross-section from 0.8 to 1.2 mm. To make a bundle, the wire is folded in half, wrapping the rods with about a couple of tens of centimeters of double wire. Then the ends wrapped around the reinforcing bars need to be twisted together with pliers.

If the connection of reinforcing bars is carried out using a knitting hook, then the process looks like this: the wire is folded twice, passing under the crosshairs, the resulting loop is put on the hook, and the other end is also placed on the hook, then they begin to rotate the tool. This causes the connection to tighten.

The crochet hook can be replaced with a screw hook. The screw hook also twists the wire, but to do this you just need to pull the handle.

It must be admitted that hand-knitting reinforcement is quite time-consuming and energy-consuming. An easier way to tie a reinforcement cage is to use a knitting gun.

It greatly simplifies the screeding process itself and significantly reduces the time required to complete this procedure. For screeding one fragment of reinforcing bars, with

In the presence of a knitting gun, no more than two seconds are spent. To operate the unit, you only need to press the trigger button. With all the advantages of such equipment, its only significant disadvantage is its high cost. From a thousand dollars and above. A knitting gun is indispensable in the construction of larger buildings and structures, and its use on low-rise construction sites is irrational.

binding of reinforcement

how to crochet reinforcement

Source: https://1pofundamentu.ru/kak-vyazat-armaturu-kryuchkom-dlya-nachinayushhih.html

Crochet reinforcement. >%

When carrying out concrete work, the question arises: is it better to weld reinforcement into frames or tie them with wire?

To give an answer, it is necessary to determine from what position we will begin to determine the advantages.

If we compare the time costs, welding by electric welding is a little faster, especially if welding of the same type of frames takes place on a stand.

If we consider from the point of view of monetary costs, then both methods are approximately the same in cost. When welding work, the costs of materials and wages for a performer with higher qualifications increase. But all this is negated by an increase in deadlines, work performed or the involvement of more people.

But there are cases when welding of reinforcement frames and meshes is prohibited by technology and only tying the reinforcement with knitting wire is possible. This applies to especially critical structures. Previously, such structures included bomb shelters. Representatives of the customer who put forward such demands explained this by the fact that during welding, the diameter of the reinforcement becomes thinner, and therefore the load-bearing capacity of the structure.

And another unpleasant moment accompanying welding is the need to remove scale in the areas of the reinforcement being welded. This requirement is explained by poor contact of concrete with reinforcement covered with scale. Especially when connecting reinforcing bars along the length, where a weld of a certain length is required.

Currently, reinforcement in frames is more often tied than welded.

The new explanation is that the concrete experiences stresses that cause the weld to fail. The wire fastening absorbs these stresses without consequences. Perhaps these are just another fantasy, but this is reality and you have to put up with it. That is, the reinforcement is knitted, not welded.

Tools for knitting reinforcement.

People like to complicate things, and so do the rebar tying tools. Fastening with a simple crochet hook is boring. It began to take on bizarre shapes, devices appeared where the handle rotates around the rod. Then came the mechanization of the process - tying with a screwdriver and the pinnacle of ingenuity - a gun for tying reinforcement.

Tools for knitting reinforcement

All devices are designed with one purpose - to increase speed.

But how much does productivity actually increase? Let's take for comparison a gun for tying reinforcement:

Performance characteristics of the rebar tying gun.

According to technical information, the speed of tying with a gun is approximately a knot per second. If you judge the operation of the gun from the video below, then one tying takes about 1.5-3 seconds.

Approximately the same amount of time is spent on this work using simple pliers (next video). Perhaps even the speed of tightening knots with pliers is higher.

Twisting the binding wire with a screwdriver does not increase the speed much. Even a special hook that breaks off excess ends of the wire does not speed up the process. (more details in the video at the end of the article)

Hook for tying reinforcement with a screwdriver.

Knitting frames.

What is the common property and disadvantage of all these devices (except for some methods of knitting reinforcement using pliers).

The tightening of two reinforcements occurs by twisting the two ends of the binding wire “crosswise”, which does not provide a tight connection. Repeated tying does not improve the fastening.

For flat meshes this does not matter, as well as for frames that are prepared on site into finished formwork. The reinforcement will remain in the designed position when laying concrete, even with weak tightening.

But if the frames for the foundation or beams are prepared separately, they fold up when transported.

Simple diagonal knitting does not produce a tight connection. Even repeated criss-cross tying does not guarantee that the spatial frame will not fold or fall apart during transportation and installation.

The gun also does not firmly tighten two intersecting reinforcements.

In addition to the generally accepted scheme for connecting two intersecting reinforcements, there is a special method. According to this scheme, two reinforcements are tied together with a knitting wire from both sides at the same time. You can understand this from photos and videos (playlist with video at the end of the article).

The skill of knitting such a connection arises after repeated repetition:

A special wire tying scheme.

Another scheme for connecting two spatial frames into a volumetric one:

Double tightening of the tying wire in the knot.

It is clear that this method can only be attached with a simple crochet hook. Or crochet with semi-mechanical wire feed.

Hook with feeding wire.

On the site where this device is shown and special forms of tightening the knitting wire are demonstrated. (http://yaner8.comunidades.net/)

Hook for tying reinforcement.

The simplest tool for tying reinforcement remains a hook. If the need to tie the reinforcement takes you by surprise, this can be done using wire cutters or pliers. But it is best to use hooks for this. Making your own hook is easy. This could be an old paint roller, an old screwdriver or, as in our case, jointing for the external joints of brickwork.

hook from an old paint roller.

I don’t see the point in making the shape of the hook “twisted”, which are commercially available. It is enough to have a comfortable handle and a curved, cone-shaped end. The latter is important. The cone makes it easier to remove the hook from an already tightened knot.

All mechanical devices for tying reinforcement are based on an initially incorrect method.

It is enough to make half a turn with the hook and the knot is firmly tightened. There is no need to make several circles with a screwdriver or other mechanized tightening. This requires the right skills. You can understand their essence by watching the video.

In one of the comments under the video I received the following message:

Next was a link to this wire with a photograph.

Wire “Cossack”

As you can see from the photo, this wire is intended for knitting with a special tool. The wire itself represents ready-made blanks for knitting reinforcement. It is not difficult to guess that the costs of this method of fastening reinforcement increase at least twice. Only in terms of wire costs.

But this is not the main thing in the video. If you carefully watch the moment of twisting the wire, you can see how one (moving) part twists around the second (fixed) part.

This gives a smooth but strong draw and prevents snatching. A rush occurs if you twist both turns (with pliers, etc.) at the same time. And it arises at the place where the first turn appears.

Tightened wire knot.

This method of tightening the wire is only possible when bending the wire in half. And you can use it wherever a clamp is needed - to secure a rubber hose on a pipe, etc.

Or secure the poles to the fence:

If a simple solution works, why complicate it.

With wire the simplest solution is:

Source: http://101ohibka.ru/instrumenty/vyazanie-armatury-kryuchkom.html

How to crochet reinforcement for a foundation?

When performing work on pouring concrete foundations, builders are faced with the need to prepare a metal frame to ensure the strength of the structure. You can form a mesh from reinforcing bars in various ways:

tying frame elements using wire with a hook, a screwdriver or a knitting gun;
welding reinforcement together;
securing the rods together using plastic clamps.

There is no single correct option. In practice, all methods are used, and the choice depends on the material used and the conditions at the construction site.

To understand in which case it is better to use one or another method, you should consider the positive and negative features of each.

Crochet

Crocheting reinforcement (you can read about how to do it here) has the following advantages:

high speed of operation. With some skill, the specialist quickly tightens the knots with a hand tool at the junction of the rods. Such work is not difficult even for beginners;
ease of repairing defects. Incorrectly applied wire can be easily untwisted or torn with wire cutters. The welding seam cannot be redone so easily - you will have to saw the joint with an angle grinder;
You don’t need to have much experience to tie reinforcement. A novice builder quickly learns this simple procedure and after fifty knots can be considered a professional;
You can tie the rods into a frame immediately inside the formwork;
Labor and material costs are not high.

The disadvantages of crocheting reinforcement include the unsteadiness of the assembled frame. This problem arises when it is necessary to transfer the frame from the assembly site to the formwork. Dealing with this shortcoming is simple:

in the case of conventional metal reinforcement, it is recommended to strengthen the connections by welding in several places;
when using fiberglass products, install several braces around the perimeter. They will help give additional strength to the mesh.

In practice, this problem is solved simply - they knit the frame directly in the formwork so that it does not have to be moved.

In addition to a manual hook for tying reinforcement, a semi-automatic hook is also used. This device helps you get the job done much faster. A semi-automatic machine is a mechanism equipped with a reversible screw base. If the handle is pulled back, the screw begins to rotate, pulling the wire onto the joint.

You can see how to use a semi-automatic crochet hook for tying reinforcement cages in the video below. You have to get used to using such a tool, but professional workers manage to tighten the knot on the connection in one movement, which noticeably speeds up the whole process.

Welding

The technology of welding reinforcement is used in the construction of monolithic foundations for multi-story buildings. Previously, this method was considered the most reliable, but in modern conditions other methods of connecting rods are more often used.

The disadvantages of the welded method include:

the need to involve a professional welder in the work. Paying a specialist automatically increases the estimated cost of the facility;
the point of connection of two reinforcing bars weakens the overall strength of the structure and is a weak point;
It is impossible to connect fiberglass reinforcement by welding;
the most popular brand of rods for frame assembly (A-400) is not suitable for this method. You will have to order A500C brand rods separately.

In modern multi-storey and private housing construction, welding of reinforcement is increasingly being abandoned in favor of knitting.

Clamps

The main advantages of assembling a reinforcement cage with clamps are considered to be high speed, reliable fixation and the fact that the worker does not need to have professional skills.

In addition to advantages, this method also has disadvantages:

if there is a large amount of work to be done, assembling the frame with clamps will be a little more expensive than knitting with wire;
the speed of knitting the frame with clamps is high, but lower than in the case of knitting with wire;
inability to fix the connection without breaking the clamp (the wire can be tied);
It is impossible to move the mesh connected with clamps. The structure may collapse under its own weight;
At temperatures below 0oC, plastic becomes brittle.

Clamps are most often used for private house construction, when a relatively small amount of work needs to be done.

Knitting gun

Automation is aimed at increasing the speed of work completion. Using an automatic crochet gun, a worker can perform the same operations as with a traditional crochet hook, but 7-9 times faster. The norm for forming one knot with a gun is 1 second.

Speed is the main advantage of the pistol, but its cost allows you to use this advantage only when constructing large-scale structures.

THIS IS INTERESTING: How many meters of reinforcement are in a ton

The device looks like a regular hand drill with a coil of wire installed on it. To form a knot, simply point the tip of the gun at the connection point and pull the trigger. The device will perform the mating itself.

Disadvantages of using a gun for tying reinforcement:

the volumetric device will not allow you to reach bottlenecks. There you will have to make the connection manually;
the price of the device starts from 30,000 rubles;
a defective connection cannot be untwisted. The defective wire has to be cut off and a new one applied;
It will not be possible to tie large diameter rods using a gun.

What wire is better to knit reinforcement

Annealed wire is used for tying the reinforcement. It bends well and, at the same time, has high strength, so it can be tightened with force without fear of tearing.

For knitting reinforcement cages, wire with a diameter of 1 to 1.4 mm is best suited.

Black baked wire is most often used, but in some cases corrosion-resistant wire with zinc protection is used.

The wire can be delivered to the construction site in coils or cut into pieces of a certain size suitable for obtaining one connection. Often such segments are already equipped with a loop at the end, which allows you to speed up the knitting process. Working with skeins is more difficult - you have to spend time cutting.

Norms and rules for performing work

When working with cohesive structures, builders should be guided by the requirements of GOST 10922-2012 for knitted and welded joints, and SP 52-101-2003, which regulate the processes of forming frames.

Instructions for crocheting reinforcement

It is useless to knit the reinforcement with your bare hands - you can achieve the required force to tighten the wire only with the help of additional tools. Let's take a step-by-step look at the basic techniques for crocheting reinforcement.

Manual

To knit wire by hand you will need a hook. The wire is folded in half and hooked under the fixation point. The free end is threaded into a loop and crocheted until the wire is tightly tensioned.

Simple knot

To tie a wire with a simple knot, you will need to do the following:

A wire 200 mm long is cut and bent in half.
The bent section is pushed under the point where the two rods meet.
The hook is inserted into the loop and catches the free end.
A full revolution is performed around its axis. The free end must be held.
Next, while tensioning the wire, the hook is turned several more times until a reliable connection is obtained.

You don't have to buy a hook at the store. You can easily make a convenient tool yourself by giving the required shape to a steel rod and putting a handle on the end.

Dead node

Before crocheting foundation reinforcement, you need to learn how to form a dead knot. This method is especially good for tying vertical rods for columns and beams.

A piece up to 400 mm long is cut and bent in half.
The segment is pushed forward by a loop from below the knot being fastened.
The free end is passed through the top and again bent under the rods.
The loop and the free end are aligned and then hooked with the hook tip.
The hook is rotated with tension until the loop comes off.

To obtain a high-quality connection, you need to ensure that the wire is tightly laid on the surface of the reinforcement. The knitting process continues in a checkerboard pattern.

Screwdriver

The scheme of working with a screwdriver is reminiscent of the crocheting process, but instead of manual force, automation is used. Instead of a regular tip, a homemade hook is inserted into the screwdriver; usually a roofing nail is used for this purpose.

It is important to ensure that the speed of the screwdriver corresponds to the required force for tightening the wire. If you apply too much force, the wire will break, and at low speed you may end up with a weak knot.

Source: https://blog.brigada174.ru/kak-vjazat-armaturu-dlja-fundamenta-krjuchkom/

How to crochet reinforcement and other methods?

tying frame elements using wire with a hook, a screwdriver or a knitting gun;
welding reinforcement together;
securing the rods together using plastic clamps.

There is no single correct option. In practice, all methods are used, and the choice depends on the material used and the conditions at the construction site.

To understand in which case it is better to use one or another method, you should consider the positive and negative features of each.

Knitting reinforcement: methods, patterns, norms and rules of knitting for beginners

12.10.2018

Knitting reinforcement is one of the main stages of work to create a reinforcement frame. By connecting the reinforcement, a reinforcing structure is created, thanks to which the concrete receives greater strength in both compression and tension.

If the rods are connected incorrectly, the finished monolithic structure will not receive the design strength.

In order to avoid this, we will look at how to knit reinforcement correctly, observing all the rules and regulations, and what tool can be used to do the work; this will be useful for novice reinforcement makers and for experienced builders.

Methods of knitting reinforcement

Let's consider all the existing ways to connect reinforcement. Each of the options is good in some way, and is used by builders, depending on the type of building and design requirements. There are 3 ways to connect rods; with their help, a strong and reliable metal frame is created:

Wire knitting.
Welding.
Plastic clamps.

These methods of tying reinforcement have their own characteristics. Each of them is correct and is applied depending on the requirements and the material used. When reinforcing a strip foundation for a private house, the reinforcement is often connected by welding rather than tied with wire. But which option is the best?

Advantages and disadvantages of welding connections

Despite the fact that these are different technologies, the right choice can save money and time on construction, without sacrificing structural strength. The method of connecting elements by welding was previously considered one of the most reliable and effective. However, such technology is not always appropriate. Usually it was used when installing bulky frames that strengthen the foundation for multi-story buildings and large cottages.

This method has some disadvantages:

You need to have skills in working with a welding machine, otherwise you need to spend money on the services of a professional welder. In this case, the cost increases.
Welding points are the weak point of the structure. There the strength of the frame becomes lower.
The method is not suitable if you use fiberglass reinforcement. In addition, the A-400 (A-3) fittings, which are the most popular, cannot be connected by welding. Only rods with the index “C” are suitable for work, for example: A500C reinforcement.

Therefore, in modern monolithic construction, welding has been replaced by viscous welding. For private and residential houses, construction of a bathhouse, garage or other buildings, this is the best option for connecting reinforcement.

Pros and cons of joining using the knitting method

Why is this method so good? It has the following positive aspects:

Speed of work completion. Knitting with wire takes little time, it is simple and does not require skills. However, if you do it manually, the process slows down. Next we will look at how to quickly knit reinforcement.
Ease of troubleshooting. When working with welding, it will be more difficult to eliminate errors; you will have to take a grinder and cut the welding seam. The wire can be simply bitten off with wire cutters or unwound with a crochet hook.
You don't need to be a professional to knit reinforcement.
The reinforcement process can be performed in formwork.
The cost of work is much lower.

An example of knitting a mesh of reinforcement with wire.

If we talk about shortcomings, we note the precariousness of the finished frame. True, this is not a big problem. The structure will be strong, the only problem is that when the frame is moved into the formwork it begins to loosen, in this case it is possible to tack the reinforcement in several places by welding.

To solve this problem with fiberglass reinforcement, you need to attach several braces to make the structure more rigid and stable. By bending, the tension in the knitting areas changes, the frame moves. Therefore, you need to be careful when installing it in the formwork.

It is better to knit the reinforcement in the formwork or above it if the strip foundation is being reinforced.

Features of connecting reinforcement with plastic clamps

The main advantages of this method are that it does not require special skills, it has a high speed of work, and reliable fixation of the reinforcement.
The disadvantages of this method are the following:

Price. For large volumes, the wire will be more economical.
Speed of work (when compared with other methods of knitting).
Correction. You made a mistake somewhere, you will have to bite off the clamp, it becomes unusable, but the wire can be tied up.
Reliability. It is not advisable to move around a structure connected with plastic clamps.
Temperature. They burst at subzero temperatures.

Based on these data, we can say that this method is more suitable for private construction, with small volumes, and it is also suitable for people who want to do the reinforcement themselves with their own hands.

Tools for tying reinforcement, technology for working with them

Nobody does the work manually. It's practically impossible. There are special tools for this purpose that speed up and simplify the process. Each tool has its own characteristics of use. The following devices are available for tying reinforcement:

Hand hook.
Knitting gun.
Screwdriver.
Ticks.

Each of the tools has its own pros and cons, we will consider them, as well as the technology for their use, and based on these data and the opinion of an expert (a reinforcement specialist with 10 years of experience), we will summarize and choose the best option for tying reinforcement.

How to crochet reinforcement correctly?

The peculiarity of the work is that it is done manually. At first, the process will be lengthy, as you need to get better at it. The hook is made of steel, and the handle is made of wood or plastic. The cost of such a hook is 1 thousand rubles.

There are even automatic hooks on sale, but reviews about them are mixed. Some note the short lifespan, others say that it is difficult to twist wire 2 mm or more thick.

There are several options for connecting knots when crocheting reinforcement. Let's look at the most popular ones.

Simple crochet rebar tie knot

The most common and simplest knot is performed as follows:

To connect the rods to each other, you need to take a wire 15–20 cm long and bend it in half.
The bent wire is bent again, but not completely, you should get a hook.
We insert the wire under the reinforcement that needs to be tied.
Next comes the hook itself. You need to insert it into the resulting loop and hook the free end of the wire.
One revolution is made. It is important to hold the free end.
Pulling the hook towards you, twist the wire until it comes off.

Step-by-step diagram for making a simple crocheted reinforcement knot.

Note! In order not to buy a crochet hook, you can make it yourself. You will need a piece of steel rod, and the handle can be made of plastic or wood. Having done it once, you can constantly use the knitting tool. See step-by-step instructions for making a hook with your own hands here.

"Dead Knot"

This unit is used for reinforcing structures consisting of reinforcement bars and clamps, such as beams and columns. Since it reliably fixes the reinforcement into the corner of the clamp, reinforcement specialists called it a “dead” knot. To quickly and efficiently perform such a knot, you need to practice a lot. Consider the instructions for executing the node:

We take a wire 20–40 cm long, its size depends on the diameter of the reinforcement used, and bend it in half.
We run the wire, loop forward, under the bottom of the reinforcement to the left of the clamp, leaving 2–4 cm to complete the knot.
We bring the wire to the top of the clamp and bend it again under the bottom of the reinforcement.
Insert the hook into the loop and hook the free end of the wire.
We pull the hook towards ourselves and at the same time make several turns until we feel that the wire is clamped, or until the loop comes off.

Scheme of tying reinforcement with a “dead” knot using a hook.

It should be noted! In order for this knot to reliably fix the reinforcement into the corner of the clamp, the wire should be pressed as tightly as possible to the reinforcement and the corner of the clamp, otherwise the tie will turn out to be unreliable.

You can check the quality of the assembly by tugging the clamp with your hand; if it wobbles, it is done incorrectly or is not fully tightened. We tighten it or make an additional tie with a simple knot.

When performing reinforcement of complex structures, for example, semicircular beams, nodes can be combined. First, a “dead” knot is made, and then two simple crosswise ones, as in the photo below.

Special gun for mating

This is an ideal tool for tying reinforcement. It makes the process much faster and easier. It is most convenient to assemble a metal frame with it. The only caveat is that such a unit is not cheap. That's why it is used on large-scale construction projects. The minimum cost is 30 thousand rubles.

It looks like a regular drill. Only a roll of wire is inserted into it. To tie, you need to point the gun at the joint and pull the trigger. He will do the knitting himself in a matter of seconds. This is the simplest and most affordable option for tying reinforcement.

On a note! It takes 9 seconds to make 1 knot tied with a hook. If you take an automated hook, it will take 7 seconds. And tying with a gun takes only 1 second per 1 knot.

But this method also has its disadvantages:

Not everywhere they can get to perform mating.
Price.
When you fix the reinforcement, you can no longer untie the knot with a crochet hook.
You cannot knit large-diameter reinforcement.

Using a screwdriver with a hook

To speed up the process and make it automated, a modernized screwdriver is used. It is enough to insert a homemade hook into it. A slate nail is suitable for this purpose. It is clamped into the screwdriver and is ready to go.

The principle of its operation is no different from the previous version. The only difference is that the process is significantly accelerated. And if the screwdriver has a speed adjustment, then it is adjusted so that when the wire is stretched to maximum, it does not break.

Tying reinforcement with pliers

This method of knitting is good because it saves wire during the work, due to the fact that you can knit into one, and you don’t have to make loops, as for a crochet hook.

Of the minuses it should be noted:

Requires more practice for speed knitting.
The knitting speed is 2 times less than that of a hook.
When knitting with 2 wires, the result is a rigid knot with a sharp end; you must wear special shoes, otherwise you can pierce your leg.

THIS IS INTERESTING: Hss steel what is it

Source: https://VseoArmature.ru/armirovanie/vyazka-armatury

Hook for tying reinforcement

Construction activities are inextricably linked with the implementation of reinforcement works. Foundations and floors reinforced with reinforcement frames ensure reliability and long service life of buildings.

Reinforced concrete has an increased strength margin, is able to withstand significant loads and maintains its integrity for decades. To make a reliable spatial frame, a reinforcement hook is an indispensable tool.

It’s easy to make a hook for tying reinforcement with your own hands or use a purchased device.

For a small amount of concreting work, steel rods are laid in a formwork frame, which is filled with concrete mixture. However, when strengthening large foundation structures, a spatial frame is constructed from steel rods. The rods are evenly distributed throughout the entire space to be poured. This allows reinforced concrete to evenly absorb loads and increases the strength of building structures.

Tying reinforcement for the foundation using welding

The connection of individual elements of a reinforcing metal structure can be done in various ways:

using electric welding. Despite the increased speed of fixation of parts of the reinforcing lattice, overheating of the material occurs in the connection zone, which disrupts its crystalline structure and can cause the formation of cracks under the influence of load. Welded areas are also more susceptible to corrosion processes, which negatively affect the strength and durability of the metal structure;
using special clamps made of elastic plastic. They can significantly reduce the duration of knitting activities, but have a serious drawback. Plastic loses its strength properties in the cold season. This is the reason for the weakening of individual sections of the joint and the rupture of clamps when moving along the reinforcing grid;
using hooks for tying reinforcement. This is a fairly simple fixation method with an increased degree of reliability. To complete the work, you need to cut the wire in the required quantity. To assemble the lattice, a special knitting wire is used, which is used to tighten the rods at the intersection areas. To simplify fixation, a hook for reinforcement is used - a knitting tool with a simple principle of operation.

Professional builders use various knitting devices when carrying out reinforcement measures. This is the optimal solution. For small frames, they use a self-made hook for knitting reinforcement, and for increased knitting volumes, they use special guns.

Crochet hooks for reinforcement - types of tools

Various types of devices are used to bind steel blanks of a spatial frame:

manual. Requires significant effort to ensure fixation. It is easy to make such a device yourself, spending a minimum of money;
semi-automatic. Using industrially manufactured screw devices, you can facilitate the tying operation and speed up the process of assembling the load-bearing frame;

Crochet hooks for reinforcement

automatic. The use of a professional gun allows you to speed up the process of joining metal rods when performing fixation on an industrial scale.

Let us dwell in detail on the features of each type of knitting tool.

Various types of hand tools are used:

a tool made independently from an electrode or steel wire;
ready-made devices purchased in construction stores.

To perform fixation, you must first cut the wire into pieces of the required size. Depending on the skill of the knitter, within a minute you can fix from 5 to 15 sections of the connection.

Advantages of hand tools:

ease of performing binding operations;
the possibility of making it yourself;
insignificant level of production or purchase costs.

Hook for tying reinforcement VOREL 49830

Along with the advantages, there are also weaknesses:

reduced productivity of knitting operations;
increased level of effort for twisting the wire.

Professional builders often use a self-made or purchased knitting hook for reinforcement, which provides an increased degree of reliability of the connection.

A special device with a reverse operating principle allows you to speed up and automate the twisting process. At first glance, it looks like a standard manual device, but differs in the presence of a screw mechanism consisting of the following parts:

plastic handle with internal screw thread;
working body with a screw thread on the rod.

When assembled, these elements form a mechanism with a reciprocating principle of operation. The reversible device works quite simply - moving the handle causes rotation of the working element on which the wire loop is put.

Advantages of the reversible device:

increased wire binding performance;
Possibility of use in areas with limited access;

Automatic hook for tying reinforcement

ease of knitting operations;
durability of the device with regular lubrication.

The device has the only drawback - its increased price when compared with the cost of a conventional hand tool.

Using a reversible tool, the knitter can perform an increased amount of work without getting tired. The screw device is superior in efficiency to the manual device when it is necessary to manually pull and twist the wire ends. Without reinstalling the working hook, by cyclically moving the handle you can achieve reliable fastening.

Procedure for using the device:

Insert the hook of the tool into the twisted loop.
Pull the handle towards you along the working axis.
Return the handle to the starting position.
Perform the next movement cycle.

You can also make your own semi-automatic tightening device using a regular screwdriver. You will need a bent nail without a head or an L-shaped rod, the end of which must be inserted into the tool chuck. With a little practice, it is not difficult to master the principles of operation using this device.

Professional hook for fittings - use a gun

A knitting gun is a professional tool that is used on large construction sites. Using an automatic hook for tying pistol-type reinforcement, even a beginner can easily handle the assembly of a large reinforcement cage.

The knitting gun is a professional tool

Advantages of a professional device:

there is no need to pre-cut the wire into blanks;
wire is automatically fed from the working drum;
material savings are achieved due to the absence of wire waste;
increased pistol performance;
increased loop tightening force;
possibility of adjusting the twisting force and wire length.

Among the main advantages, it is necessary to note the possibility of autonomous operation from a battery, as well as the use of a special extension cord, which allows you to perform work while standing, without bending your body. The design of the device allows you to hold it in one hand, while the other hand supports the steel rods without the help of assistants. The duration of tightening the joint does not exceed one second. This is very convenient when performing work on an industrial scale.

Along with the advantages, there are also weaknesses:

quite high price of a professional pistol;
increased costs for purchasing special wire;
inconvenience of use in confined spaces;
the need to train knitters in how to work with the tool.

It is important to purchase consumables that correspond in cross-sectional size and rigidity to the characteristics of the gun. Otherwise, equipment damage may occur. The gun is used by professionals when assembling the frames of large foundations. And at the same time, in certain places of the grille, fastening can only be done using hand tools.

Knitting gun BM-400

We make a device for tying reinforcement with our own hands

Craftsmen who have been assembling reinforcement frames for a long time prefer homemade tools. This is due to a number of factors:

If you manufacture it yourself, the device can be equipped with a handle in a form convenient for the hand. This will increase productivity and ensure operating comfort;
To manufacture the working grip on your own, special grades of steel can be used. Durable material will not bend under loads;
it is easy to give the working body the required shape and make it, if necessary, in an increased size. This is convenient for working in hard-to-reach areas.

It’s easy to make a regular hook for tying reinforcement with your own hands.

Various options are possible:

without handle. The simplified design involves the use of a welding electrode;
with handle. Such a device is not inferior in quality to those manufactured in industrial conditions.

To make a simplified design, you need a welding electrode, a hammer and pliers. Procedure:

Remove the coating.
Step back a couple of centimeters from one edge and bend it at a right angle.
Form a rectangular holder with dimensions of 4x10 cm.
Sharpen the working part and give it a cone shape.

We knit reinforcement for the ceiling with our own hands

The manufacturing process will take no more than 10 minutes.

The design with a wooden handle is more convenient to use and can be made in a couple of hours . For assembly you will need:

steel wire with a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 0.4 m;
wood blank for making a handle;
washers and nuts corresponding to the diameter of the rod;
electric welding;
pliers;
Bulgarian;
electric drill;
a sheet of sandpaper;
sharp knife.

Assembly algorithm:

Make a handle.
Drill a hole in it.
Sand the surface.
Weld the nut to the end of the rod.

Do-it-yourself crochet hook from rebar

Put the washer on and insert it into the handle hole.
Install the washer and weld the next nut.
Give the end of the rod the required configuration and sharpen the edge.
Cover the handle with varnish or soak it with an antiseptic.

After making several connections, check the functionality of the device. If necessary, bend the wire part.

How to crochet reinforcement - fixation technology

For all types of knitting devices, the technology for performing the work is simple. Tying work is carried out on the basis of the drawing after completion of preparatory activities and installation of vertical rods. The proven method of fixation performed with one loop is widely used.

Crochet reinforcement with one loop

Before starting tying work, you should cut the wire with a cross-section of 1.2 mm into pieces of 20–30 cm in the required quantity. Further procedure:

Wrap the wire folded in 2 layers around the knot, placing it diagonally.
Insert the hook into the formed loop and hook the other end of the wire with it.

Insert the ends of the wire captured on the other side into the loop.

Rotate the working tool, controlling the degree of tightening of the connection. All that remains is to remove the working part of the grip from the loop and you can proceed to the next joint.

Conclusion

When planning to assemble a reinforcement frame yourself, you should choose the right knitting tool for the job and study the technology. By doing the work on your own, you can master the skills of doing knitting work and save financial resources.

Source: https://pobetony.expert/tekhnika-i-materialy/kryuchok-dlya-vyazaniya-armatury

How to knit reinforcement - a detailed description of patterns and methods

In construction, reinforcement is the name given to interconnected elements that, when worked together with concrete, create a more advanced material – reinforced concrete. Thanks to reinforcement, beams and slabs better withstand tensile stresses, and compressed structures increase strength. To obtain the desired effect, the reinforcement fragments are connected to each other. Due to the method of connection, the method is called binding.

How to knit reinforcement

Since reinforcement in the form of steel rods is mainly used in the construction of foundations and main walls, their connection to absorb compressive or tensile stresses is mandatory. In mass construction, the welding and tying method is used for connections, in individual construction, usually only tying. In this case, the reinforcement is knitted using:

knitting wire;
reinforcement clamps.

The term “knitting wire” means round wire made of low-carbon steel in accordance with GOST 3282-74. It can be regular or heat-treated (marked “O”), coated or uncoated. The thickness of the zinc coating determines the class of the material.

When choosing which wire to knit the reinforcement with, you should pay attention to the grade of concrete and the operating conditions of the structure. In this case, mechanical properties are taken into account.

So, if tying reinforcement for the foundation is supposed to be done manually, it is better to choose a thinner option, since without a special tool, thick wire for tying reinforcement requires significant effort.

In addition to industrially produced low-carbon wire, it is permissible to use metal cord from car tires. When tires are burned, the metal cord is released and simultaneously undergoes heat treatment, which makes it easier to work with in the future. This option of knitting material is acceptable only for small volumes of work and individual low-responsibility construction.

Plastic clamps, regular and with a steel core, are also applicable. They are usually used for fiberglass reinforcement.

The use of clamps is permissible in cases where liquid concrete will not be subjected to mechanical loads during the hardening process (they will not walk on it, stack heavy things, or load it with other building materials).

This option is applicable for low-rise buildings, since during the process of pouring a large mass of concrete mixture, the fastenings can move along with the reinforcement. The displacement disrupts the functioning of the frame and leads to a change in the design strength of the structure.

How to knit reinforcement for a foundation

Depending on the chosen material for knitting, various fixation methods are used. The simplest situation is with plastic clamps. They are wrapped around the joint as far as the length allows and tightened.

To correctly knit reinforcement for a strip foundation, you will need a tool. Depending on the reinforcement tying pattern, the rods are distributed over the future pouring field.

If you plan to create a foundation, some of the rods are stuck into the prepared base (rammed sand and gravel backfill), this makes the work easier. After completing the connecting work, the frame is raised above the ground on special stands. This is necessary to prevent corrosion of metal elements protruding from the concrete. To connect the rods use:

special pliers for tying reinforcement;
crochet hook, homemade or industrial production;
a curved hook made of a thick nail or dowel, inserted into the chuck of a drill (screwdriver). Thanks to this mechanized hook, wire twisting is done faster and with less manual force.
semi-automatic hook for tying reinforcement. A mechanism with a leg and a spring return mechanism pulls the wire and makes several rotational movements. This happens thanks to the spiral grooves on the hook leg, which, when pulled back, provide rotation and return to its previous position.

The use of such tools is advisable for small amounts of work, for example, when building your own house, where tying reinforcement with your own hands is done over a short period of time (when preparing the foundation for a frame or brick structure or installing a fence on a concrete base).

A do-it-yourself hook for tying reinforcement is made from a used electrode, nail or other suitable metal rod of the required strength.

Professional tool for tying reinforcement

When creating a large volume of reinforcement for reinforced concrete structures (professional activities, large private construction), instead of manual or semi-automatic tools, it is better to use an automatic, so-called gun for tying reinforcement. This useful device was invented in Japan; it allows you to tighten the wire at the connection of the rods with the required force in a matter of seconds.

The operating principle of the device is shown in the video.

Source: https://stroy-okey.ru/house/foundation/kak-vjazat-armaturu-podrobnoe-opisanie-shem-i-sposobov/

How to crochet reinforcement - a guide for beginners

The cost of laying the foundation of a future building is the most expensive part of the construction budget. Here you need thoroughness in everything - after all, the strength of the entire house depends on the quality of the foundation. Reinforcement makes the base of the structure virtually invulnerable from interseasonal ground movements and is therefore used almost everywhere.

THIS IS INTERESTING: How to calculate the mass of a steel sheet

This article describes the methods of fastening reinforcement when installing a frame on a foundation, and the preference of tying reinforcement over the welding method. Describes how to knit foundation reinforcement using a special hook. The necessary advice and recommendations for beginning monolithic workers regarding this stage of work are given.

Knitting or welding

a frame of reinforcement is assembled inside the formwork . There are different methods for attaching rods:

plastic clamps;
welding;
tightening with knitting wire.

Fastening reinforcement with plastic clamps causes, to put it mildly, skepticism among experienced specialists. Distrust of plastic determines its use, in some cases, when pouring continuous horizontal surfaces and coupled with the use of fiberglass reinforcement.

Welding significantly increases the cost and slows down the process of manufacturing the reinforcement cage for the foundation. The requirements for the quality of welds here are high and must be fulfilled by a good specialist. And a good specialist charges good money for his work.

Moreover, moving around with a welding machine and welding the frame inside is extremely inconvenient and therefore slow.

In addition, given new studies in which it was found that welding breaks when concrete is stressed, the feasibility of the process of welding reinforcement for the foundation is called into question.

Tightening the reinforcement with tying wire is the best option when constructing a frame for the foundation. The wire, in this case, meets all the necessary requirements: knitting it is quick and convenient, butt joints are strong (the frame is stable and does not loosen), good tensile and tensile strength.

And if all the requirements are met, there is no need to look for another solution. Taking this into account, most of the monolithic foundation work is carried out by tying the frame with wire.

How to knit wire

The process of crocheting reinforcement for the foundation is an extremely dreary and tedious task. And they can’t come up with anything to speed it up or make it easier:

modernize the crochet hook;
mechanize the process using a screwdriver;
use a special gun for tying wire.

The modernization of a hook consists of giving it various, sometimes even bizarre, shapes. The handle of this hook can rotate around its working part. This, by the way, is not without meaning - experienced craftsmen do not use purchased hooks, but make it themselves - “for themselves.”

Mechanization using a screwdriver is as follows: using a grinder, cut off its working part from the hook, clamp it in the screwdriver chuck and use it to twist the wire.

The pinnacle of thought is a mating gun. The wire in it moves along a curved groove, covers the joint of the rods 2-3 turns and is twisted with a special collet. After the process is completed, the gun itself cuts the wire. The degree of tension of the knot is adjustable, knitting takes 1-2 seconds per joint.

Everything seems to be good, convenient and fast, but the cost of such a pistol is extremely high. It is unprofitable to purchase it for a one-time installation of the foundation of a private house. And if you take into account the excessive consumption of knitting wire and the inability to use a gun to tighten in some parts inside the frame, then its use becomes not so tempting.

The use of various methods for tying the reinforcement frame of the foundation has its pros and cons. The optimal method for a particular employee is selected experimentally . The knitting speed is approximately the same in all cases. In any case, the ability to crochet remains the most sought-after skill among specialists.

Important! In specialized teams there is a high demand for workers who can quickly and efficiently knit reinforcement cages for foundations. The material presented in this article and the video will help beginners learn the basics of knitting and acquire the skills of this in-demand profession.

How to knit foundation reinforcement correctly

You can purchase knitting wire in a store or burn an unnecessary car tire (during the combustion process, the wire intended for reinforcing rubber is burned and acquires the softness and pliability necessary for knitting). We cut the wire into 30 cm pieces.

The reinforcement for constructing the frame (usually with a cross-section of 10-16 mm) is first cut into pieces of a certain length. Then the individual frame elements are connected . When tying perpendicular knots, the diagonal criss-cross method is used. If it is necessary to tie the reinforcement in parallel (to extend the frame), an overlap of at least 25 cm is made, the number of nodes at this junction must be at least three.

We try to carry out most of this work outside the formwork, on a flat, free place. Inside the formwork, only the binding of individual frame elements is carried out - its extension and corner connection.

Important! When tightening the joint of reinforcement bars, try to find the average value of the tension. It is not recommended to undertighten or overtighten the reinforcement. If you don’t tighten it enough, the frame will turn out flimsy and may “fold,” if you overtighten it, the knot will burst during twisting or transportation.

That's basically it. This work is not particularly difficult; the speed and quality of knitting is developed through practice . If you have any questions about the stages of the process, watch the video.

The ability to knit reinforcement will help you save money when building your own foundation. And if the learning process goes very well and certain skills appear, then the issue of temporary or permanent employment can be removed from the agenda. After all, any team of monolithic workers will be happy to have a specialist who knows how to knit reinforcement efficiently and quickly.

Source: https://bane.guru/stroitelstvo-bani/kak-vyazat-armaturu-kryuchkom-posobie-dlya-nachinayuschih.html

Do-it-yourself hook for tying reinforcement: How to make it yourself? +

A hook designed for knitting reinforcement is a device for fastening reinforcing bars together. Knitting reinforcement using a hook is a very simple process.

This is the most effective method, since it does not require special skills and knowledge, as is the case with welding. There is also no need to buy expensive equipment. The only device you need is a hook for tying reinforcement.

This simple tool can be purchased at any hardware store, and if you wish, you can learn how to make crochet hooks yourself.

One of the types of execution of a simple hook

A crochet hook significantly reduces the labor intensity of the process of forming a solid object from twigs. Metal frames are used when pouring concrete into walls, foundations, etc. The reinforcement is knitted using soft wire, which is highly flexible and durable.

Using special knitting wire

To quickly and reliably make the strapping, a special baked steel wire of round section with a diameter of 0.8 to 1.2 mm is used to fasten the reinforcing elements. It bends easily, fits tightly to the joint, and stretches well (that is, it does not tear when knitting).

When working with such material, the knitter does not require any special skills. This method is successfully used both for tying the reinforcement of a reinforced concrete monolithic slab and for the reinforcing frame of any foundation.

How to quickly knit reinforcement, what materials, tools and equipment will be required for this.

Methods and schemes for tying reinforcement with wire

There are two ways to fix reinforcing bars: manual and automated.

The manual method uses four types of tools:

Pliers;
Hook (simple and reversible);
Screwdriver with attachment.

Using pliers is not very convenient. Therefore, they are rarely used and only for assembling small frames. Crochet is used more often. This simple device, with some skill, helps to quickly connect steel rods.

There is an improved modification of the simple hook (reversible). Its basis is a screw that rotates when the handle is pulled back.

By combining a hook with a screwdriver, home craftsmen have created another convenient device for fixing steel rods in a frame.

Automated knitting is performed with a so-called pistol. This is a rather complex and expensive device used at large facilities. Its performance is such that tying one knot occurs in 1 second.

The device is equipped with a compartment in which a spool of wire is installed. The working body of the gun delivers it to the fittings and ties it into a knot.

Let's consider the main methods of connecting reinforcement for the foundation. Experienced builders practice four main methods of tying reinforcement to assemble various frames and meshes:

welding of fittings;
tying reinforcement with wire;
overlapping reinforcement connection
mechanical connection of reinforcement using steel couplings.

All methods have their pros and cons. When building small houses, the installation of a reinforcement frame using welding or knitting reinforcement using wire is most often used.

Comparing these two methods is not entirely correct, since these are different technologies, but there are still situations when choosing between these methods will help save time and money, without harming the strength of the structure.

Connecting reinforcement by welding is one of the most effective methods, but the use of this type of connection of reinforcement is not always appropriate. Most often it is used for the installation of large frames for multi-story buildings and heavy brick cottages.

Disadvantages of connecting reinforcement using welding:

professional skills are required or you will have to resort to the services of a welder, which will significantly affect the cost of the structure;
reduction in the strength of reinforcement products at welding points;
not possible to use, for example, one of the most popular classes of reinforcement A-400 (A-III) cannot be connected by welding, it will not be possible to weld fiberglass reinforcement;
the possibility of damage to joints during concrete compaction with vibrators.

Source: https://instanko.ru/elektroinstrument/kryuk-dlya-vyazki-armatury.html

How to knit reinforcement for beginners: methods, norms and rules, frame for the foundation

There are only two ways to attach reinforcement to a frame: electric welding and knitting. We will not open a debate about which one is preferable. Let’s just say that knitting does not reduce the strength of the working rods.

Any welding weakens the metal because it creates local stresses in it. This negatively affects the reliability of the entire structure.

Compared to welding, knitting work is more labor-intensive.

Despite this, in private construction with its small volumes it is better to choose them. Especially when it comes to such critical structures as foundations and floor slabs.

articles:

In this article we will tell novice builders how to knit reinforcement correctly. Let's look at the tools, materials and technologies used for this work. We hope that the information received will help you confidently handle metal, assembling strong and reliable frames.

Crochet technology

There is nothing complicated in this operation. After doing it several times, you will quickly get used to it.

The essence of the method is as follows: the intersection of the rods is covered with steel wire folded in half. The crochet hook is inserted into the loop and the other free end is grabbed with it. After this, the tool is rotated until it is tightened. The ends of the wire are bent inside the frame.

The craftsmen know one little secret that guarantees tight contact: after not tightening the loop a little, you need to pull it towards yourself and only then tighten it to the end.

Scheme for knitting reinforcement using a hook

Working with a screwdriver is not fundamentally different from crocheting. The advantage is higher speed and less labor intensity. When using a screwdriver, do not forget to set the rotation speed of its chuck to minimum.

You should not knit reinforcement with an electric drill. The large inertia of this tool does not allow you to accurately determine the moment of completion of tightening.

Methods for connecting steel rods and the main types of nodes are shown in the diagram below.

Materials

To assemble the frame, special annealed wire is used. It is durable, but at the same time quite soft. This allows you to tighten the knots without the risk of tearing it. The recommended diameter of this material depends on the cross-section of the reinforcing bars and ranges from 1.0 to 1.4 mm.

Cheap wire comes without coating and is called black. It is more resistant to corrosion and has a protective layer of zinc.

Knitting wire is produced in two versions: in coils and measured (in segments). Working with a skein is more difficult because it has to be cut into pieces by hand. The measuring material can be used immediately. Wire with loops at the ends is especially convenient.

Knitting the strip foundation frame

The estimated number of longitudinal rods (diameter 12-18 mm) are placed at the bottom of the trench on supports (bosses) 4-5 cm thick. The distance between them depends on the size of the foundation and can range from 5 to 20 cm. If the standard length of one steel rod (6 meters) is not enough for the entire “ribbon,” then several rods are used. They are connected to each other, observing the regulatory overlap.

Supports for reinforcement cage

Clamps made of smooth or corrugated steel with a diameter of 8-10 mm are attached vertically to the working rods. According to building codes, the pitch of the clamps must be at least 3/8 of the height of the foundation (20-50 cm).

Having installed the clamps, the upper chord of the working reinforcement is attached to them with wire, observing the design distance between the rods.

At corners and junctions, clamps are placed more often (1/2 step), and the working reinforcement is bent, connecting to the rods of the intersecting section of the “ribbon”.

The length of the bend must be at least 50 diameters of the working reinforcement.

Making a reinforcement cage in a trench is labor-intensive and inconvenient work. That's why experienced builders use this simple device.

Having laid the longitudinal whips on wooden stands, clamps and the lower belt of the working rods are tied to them. The finished structure is transferred and placed in a trench.

Assembly of the reinforcement frame of a monolithic slab is simpler than that of a strip foundation. The design here consists of two flat meshes. The lower rods are laid perpendicularly with a given pitch and connected to each other. Then, at the points of their intersections, stands made of steel rods are placed and the upper mesh is screwed to them.

Stand for mounting the upper frame of a monolithic slab

In recent years, fiberglass reinforcement has begun to be used to assemble frames.

You can knit it in several ways:

annealed steel wire;
plastic zip ties;
plastic clips.

Approximate prices

The cost of tying reinforcement, as estimators say, “sits” in the total price of 1m3 of reinforced concrete. In square or linear meters it is calculated individually for each type of structure. In this case, it is necessary to take into account various parameters (the width and height of the grillage, the thickness of the slab, the cross-section of the reinforcement, the level of complexity of the frame, etc.).

For approximate calculations, builders use prices in rubles per 1 ton of metal used. Today in 2017 it averages from 20 thousand rubles.

Source: https://greensector.ru/stroitelstvo-i-remont/kak-vyazat-armaturu-dlya-nachinayushhikh-sposoby-normy-i-pravila-karkas-pod-fundament.html