How to make engraving at home

Wood carving with an engraver for beginners: a few ideas

An engraver is used to apply an ornament, pattern or some kind of design to a wooden surface. The manual type engraver is designed for wood carving at a depth of 0.5 mm to 2 mm. Laser-type engravers are also available. They are multifunctional 3D printers. Today we will talk about wood carving with an engraver for beginners.

A little about the main thing

Wood carving using this method takes place in several stages:

1. First of all, you need to prepare a sketch for work. You can find it on the Internet and print it, or draw it yourself (if you have such skills).
2. Transfer the finished sketch to the prepared surface. For convenience, it is best to use carbon paper.
3. We process it in rough form.
4. We trace along the contour.
5. We paint the product.
6. Apply varnish and wait until completely dry.

This is a standard technology for working with an engraver. Suitable for work of any complexity, and most importantly, it will be understandable even for a novice master.

Basically, the engraver is sold already in its complete set, but manufacturers have also created other additional devices that may be useful during work.

Read this: DIY wooden toys for children

Basic tools required in addition to a hand engraver:

• The handle is ergonomic, required for comfortable work. Since the tool itself does not have such a device, which means the work will be difficult and inconvenient;
• Collets;
• The milling attachment is a similar part of a river router, only in this case it is small in size;
• Tripod - required for working with a flexible shaft;
• Angular attachment - reduces the angle of rotation by 90 degrees; in addition, its design is very rigid.

Speaking about the costs of this tool, if you purchase an exclusively flexible shaft and a tripod, the price will not be that high. If you buy all the equipment, then in this case the price issue increases significantly.

If you are a beginner in this craft, then it would be best to purchase a minimum set, which will have an average set without any excesses. This is necessary in order to understand in more detail which attachments will be used in all types of work.

There is no point in buying expensive equipment; sometimes an ordinary cheap Chinese set works even better than an expensive branded one.

In any case, the decision is yours when choosing an engraver.

Read this: Chainsaw Wood Carving for Beginners and Experts

Getting ready for Easter

Woodworking is a very difficult task that produces works of art. This is only said about handmade wood carving, because no machine in the world can compare with handmade work.

Why? A person, working and creating his masterpiece with his hands, puts a lot of effort, time, and, of course, the most important thing - his soul into his work. Sometimes it’s enough to look at a craft and you understand in what mood the master created it, what was in his soul at that moment.

After all, the mood and emotions are completely transferred to the created product.

Today we invite you to consider step-by-step instructions for decorating wooden eggs. The main tool, of course, will be the engraver.

So, for work you will need the following tools and materials:

• Engraver;
• Grinding attachment;
• Prepared wooden products;
• A simple black pencil;
• Sandpaper;
• Stain;
• Varnish;
• Application brushes;
• An eraser.

Step-by-step instructions for work.

Wooden products need to be lightly sanded with sandpaper. The surface must be flat. Then we select the drawing and transfer it to the workpiece. This must be done carefully.

We install a grinding attachment in the engraver and begin to make notches, as shown in the photo.

At high speeds, the wooden product may burn a little. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to move the engraver back and forth according to the intended pattern.

After working with the engraver, you need to remove all pencil lines with an eraser. It should look like in the picture:

All that remains is a small matter. Now we need to color our egg souvenirs. In this case, you can use stain, and in different shades. Apply it to the finished product with a brush and put it aside until it dries completely.

After which we go through a little sandpaper, thereby creating an unusual effect. Now you need to coat it with varnish, wait for it to dry completely. This is just an example. How much your imagination is enough depends only on you.

Try, experiment, then you will become a real master in wood carving as an engraver.

That's all, the master class has come to an end, our Easter souvenirs are completely ready. In addition to all of the above, we invite you to watch the video tutorials in order to fully understand this craft.

Source: https://knittochka.ru/rezba/rezba-po-derevu-graverom-dlya-nachinayushhih.html

How to make jellied pike-perch fish with gelatin at home

Jellied pike perch is a tasty, healthy, cold appetizer that can be safely served at any holiday table. If this dish is prepared correctly, even those who do not really like fish can appreciate it.

Tender pieces of white meat, drenched in aromatic, spiced broth will simply melt in your mouth.

Pike perch is a dietary, delicate-tasting and healthy fish, as it contains many vitamins, minerals and amino acids necessary for the human body.

And what is important is that there are practically no small bones in the fish, especially in large specimens.

The most important thing before preparing pike perch jellied fish at home is to prepare the fish. The carcass needs to be cleaned, rinsed well, and the gills and eyes removed. If you don’t do this, the broth will turn out cloudy and not very tasty. The fat in the broth depends on the presence of the head, bones, tail, fins and loin with skin. To make the broth aromatic and transparent, and the aspic tasty, follow all the recommendations specified in the recipe.

How to properly prepare a tasty and aromatic pike perch aspic using gelatin

To decorate the finished dish you can take

• Quail eggs – 5 pcs.
• Lemon (medium size) – 1 pc.
• 3-4 sprigs of fresh parsley or dill.

• To prepare aspic, prepare all the necessary ingredients that are indicated in the list.
• Next, start preparing the fish: clean the pike perch carcass from scales, wash it, and gut it. Separate the fins, head, gills and eyes.
• Trim the entire loin, carefully separating it from the backbone, and set aside.
• Rinse the head, tail, ridge and fins well under cold running water and place in a saucepan.
• Add peeled onions, carrots, cloves, salt, pepper mixture and bay leaf.
• Place the pan with the contents on the stove and cover with a lid.
• Bring to a boil and simmer over low heat for about an hour. With a low boil, the broth will turn out transparent and will not need to be clarified. Periodically skim off any foam that appears.
• While the broth is cooking, prepare the pike perch fillet: cut into small pieces and remove all the bones.
• Pour gelatin into a bowl and pour in a small amount of broth cooled to 60°C, leave for 30 minutes to swell.
• When the broth is ready, remove all parts of the fish and vegetables using a slotted spoon and place in a separate bowl.
• Strain the broth through a fine sieve and pour back into the pan. Bring to a boil.
• Throw the chopped pike perch fillets into the prepared broth. Cook over low heat for no more than 15-20 minutes.
• Carefully fish out the cooked fish pieces and place them on a flat dish. Put it in the refrigerator.
• Strain the broth through four layers of gauze.
• Add swollen gelatin to the hot broth.
• Mix well until it is completely dissolved.
• Strain again through cheesecloth or a sieve.
• Remove the finished pike perch fillet from the refrigerator and place it nicely on the bottom of a glass dish or large plate. To decorate, place small pieces of boiled carrots, thin slices of lemon, halved boiled eggs and parsley to taste between the pieces of fish. Very carefully pour in the cooled broth. Place in the refrigerator for 2.5-3 hours until completely frozen.
• The finished pike perch aspic can be served.

Making pike perch aspic at home is very quick and easy. It is only important to remember some nuances:

• When adding onions to the broth to add flavor, you don’t have to remove the husks - it will give the liquid a rich golden hue, making it light and transparent;
• The broth should be slightly salted - while the aspic hardens, the gelatin will absorb some of the salt;
• In order for the broth to be light and transparent, the fish must be boiled over low heat, and do not forget to remove any foam that appears;
• In order for the snack to freeze well, you should use the following proportion: for 1 glass of finished broth you will need to take 5 g of gelatin. Based on this, it is very simple to measure the amount of the resulting fish broth and calculate how much gelatin is required;
• A rich broth is obtained from large individuals. The fillet of such fish is denser and has a pronounced taste;
• It is better to use fresh fish to prepare the dish, as it is juicier and has a more pleasant aroma;
• If you plan to make aspic from a defrosted product, then when cooking the broth you should add more spices;
• Pike perch does not have a high fat content, so it is recommended to use gelatin when preparing it. It will help maintain the desired shape of the dish.

How to decorate

You can decorate the pike perch aspic with carrots, green peas, olives, gherkins, sun-dried tomatoes, sweet colorful peppers, fresh herbs, and boiled eggs. The dish will acquire a unique sourness if you add a handful of fresh cranberries, red currants, lemon or lime. The aspic prepared for a special occasion can be decorated with squid, small octopus, shrimp or mussels.

How and with what to serve

It is customary to serve fish aspic in glass forms, then cut it into portions and place it on plates. The dish can also be served in portions if you prepare it in bowls or silicone cake molds.

Green salads, pickled sour vegetables, horseradish and mustard go well with pike perch aspic.

In a saucepan For a birthday For a New Year For lunch For dinner ( 1 rating, average 5 out of 5 )

Source: https://receptkulinara.ru/kak-sdelat-zalivnoe-iz-ryby-sudaka-s-zhelatinom-v-domashnih-usloviyah.html

How to make home decoration from an old tin bucket - Magazine

Many items can be transformed from old unnecessary things into new functional ones, which will also delight you with their originality. All you need is just a little imagination and a few free evenings. In addition, such events are quite economical and do not particularly affect the family budget. Therefore, there is no need to be afraid to experiment.

Almost everyone has an unnecessary old tin bucket, which is most likely thrown into the pantry or on the balcony, garage. There is no need to rush and throw it away, because many designers pay a lot of money for such items in order to create a unique thing. A few ideas that will help you repurpose an old tin bucket into a worthy decoration for any home.

Unusual plant pot

The simplest and most popular way to use an old bucket is to turn it into a pot for indoor plants. With a little imagination, you can make a unique item. There are no restrictions on the design and design of the bucket, the main thing is that it fits harmoniously into the overall picture of the interior.

First, you need to prepare the bucket accordingly. Such activities involve cleaning from dirt and existing rust. To age the surface a little, it is covered with semi-dry paint, then rubbed with a rag in several places and allowed to dry completely. After this, the pot is ready. All you need to do is buy soil and plant the plant.

An aged pot made from a bucket is ideal for a veranda or loggia, also if the style of the apartment is minimalist or there are modern trends. If such processing and design seems too simple, then many designers recommend paying attention to the decoupage technique.

Important! It is important to clean the surface of the bucket from rust and any other contaminants before applying paint.

This technique of decorating objects peaked in popularity in the 17th century and was widespread in the Provençal cities of France. Usually, this became a kind of hobby for noble maidens.

The point of decoupage is to apply images of various angels, flowers, and animals to the surface using a napkin and glue. After applying glue to the surface of the napkin, it must be carefully glued to the bucket without any irregularities.

Then wait until it dries and cover with a protective layer. You can use varnish.

Interesting stool

If you prepare the bucket correctly and apply paint to its surface, it will become a good base for a stool. To do this, you need to wait for the paint to dry, and then turn it upside down. To make sitting more comfortable, you can place a pillow of the appropriate size on the surface.

This is an excellent solution as it provides additional seating space. While there are no guests, the bucket can be turned over and used to store various items. And as soon as the guests arrive, immediately turn it over and throw the pillow on the bucket. This simple method is especially relevant for those who have a small apartment.

Source: https://www.asusfone.ru/svoimi-rukami/kak-iz-starogo-zhestjanogo-vedra-sdelat-ukrashenie-dlja-doma

Best selling handicrafts. Handmade decorations

Surely you are interested in the question of how realistic it is to start making money on what you love to do with your own hands, how much money it can bring, how to organize the process and find your target audience. No matter how trivial it may sound, you can make money on anything, you just need to put a little desire and a drop of love into what you do, and the rest will come with experience.

Who may need to work from home:

• Moms on maternity leave;
• People with disabilities;
• Schoolchildren who want to earn extra money;
• For pensioners;

Well, to all those who want to leave a boring job and work only for themselves =))

What are the advantages of making money on handmade goods?

• Handmade products are quite highly prized;
• Work from home, in comfortable conditions;
• Possibility to choose your own work schedule;
• There are no obligations to anyone but yourself.

Whether you are doing any kind of handicraft or are just looking at various techniques, first of all try to answer a simple question: “Are you ready to devote maximum time to your favorite hobby?” Imagine that, on the one hand, you will improve every day, come up with something new, expanding the boundaries of your own hobby.

However, on the other hand, reality may not be so wonderful, and at first you will have to create dozens of copies of crafts and things that the audience liked. After all, not every needlewoman is ready to lose potential customers from the position of “everything in a single copy.”

Will you lose interest and give up at the first difficulties? After all, starting your own business cannot be easy. Wouldn’t self-doubt and the insidious thought on the edge of consciousness: “maybe I’m not doing well enough?”, fear of criticism and lack of interest from other people, get in the way.

If you're serious about turning your hobby into a business, you'll have to go through a few basic steps:

1) Choosing a niche (if you are planning to do handicrafts);

2) Study of the target audience , competition and the works of other masters;

3) It’s a good idea to draw up at least the simplest business plan . It will help you clearly plan in which direction to move next.

Consider the following points in your business plan:

• Audience;
• Necessary materials and equipment and costs for them;
• Possibility of advertising campaigns;
• Sites for sale.

Look at the work of other artists in the chosen area, where and how often their creations are bought, read reviews on forums and portals. Please note that in order to become a sought-after creator, you may need to undergo training with masters in your field.

4) Arrangement of the workplace . After all, it’s no secret that a comfortable workplace is the key to successful work.

Types of earnings from handicrafts

First, let's highlight the main areas of earning money from a hobby (our own or someone else's). At first glance, it seems that there are only 2 options: selling finished products and training others - well, let's dig deeper:

1. Sale of finished products;
2. Handicrafts to order;
3. Handicraft training (conducting offline and online MK, selling photo and video MK);
4. Sale of materials for handicrafts;
5. Affiliate handicraft programs.

Sale of finished products

Surely, the most logical thing in this matter would be to sell finished products or make them to order. This is the most common way to earn money for mothers on maternity leave and lovers of handicrafts. Here, of course, who is capable of what.

Some people like felting wool, others like to embroider or knit to order, and some are very good at drawing on fabric. There are many examples of girls who are passionate about handicrafts opening their own showrooms or small shops. However, at first you are unlikely to have funds that can be invested in something large, so you should pay attention to the following options:

1. Searching for first buyers among friends, relatives and their acquaintances. Do you remember about the rule of 5 handshakes and word of mouth?
   Then rest assured that if your products are high-quality, super-duper cool or simply useful, buyers will not keep you waiting. During the first time of work, you can simply prepare them as souvenirs for the holidays, for example, for colleagues at work =) The main thing is not to get carried away, it’s still very easy to get used to freebies.
2. Stores that accept handicrafts for sale. There are store offers such as open shelves, where anyone can display their products for a minimum amount per day, and all income from the sale goes to the creator. This practice can be found quite often in craft stores. And once I saw it at a nearby bookstore)
3. Internet sales. You can also sell your products through social networks, your own blog or special website platforms, which is done by quite a lot of needlewomen around the world. We will consider this method of implementation in detail below.

Earning money by teaching handicrafts

Remember, when you mastered some type of needlework, you put effort into it - you went to courses, asked friends who were more competent than you, watched training videos on the Internet and devoted a lot of time to it. Other people who want to knit, sew, and make gifts with their own hands using various techniques act this way.

You can conduct training master classes offline , gathering an interested audience. To do this, you will need to organize a room for the course and buy a minimum of materials and tools for each participant. If you take an advance payment, then preparing everything in advance will not be difficult at all.

Often such master classes are organized in creative cafes or anti-cafes, and sometimes even in large shopping centers that are interested in attracting buyers.

You can also conduct master classes in studios and at fairs, if such an opportunity exists in your city. You can often find advertisements for craftsmen on the Internet.

A good way would be to conduct lessons at home, if family circumstances allow. At one time I dreamed of a private house and my own small workshop above the garage, where I could conduct master classes.

Online training lessons are suitable for those who do not want to deal with organizational issues. Online training is perfect for mothers on maternity leave, but it should be taken into account that in our country the sale of master classes has not yet gained the necessary popularity - people are used to finding everything on the Internet for free. However, don’t be discouraged, you can also consider foreign sites;)

The choice of formats here is somewhat larger:

• Organizing and conducting webinars;
• Maintaining your own blog and/or social group. networks;
• Recording video master classes;
• Photo master classes.

Computer, camera, camera, microphone, Internet platform - you will need certain equipment to ensure that the products are of high quality. Often interested women are unable to take part in an online lesson due to inconvenient timing or other circumstances. To do this, it is advisable to make video recordings of master classes and subsequently distribute them for a certain price.

And if you take photos or videos of all stages of work and describe them, then such MKs can be offered to be published on handicraft websites or put up for sale.

Handicrafts to order

Those who do handicrafts know that things made with their own hands are distinguished by individuality, originality and uniqueness. This is what attracts many people who want to have their own style and unique products - be it a knitted sweater, a gift made from wool or a notebook using the scrapbooking technique. Therefore, finding customers will not be difficult at all.

And if you already have examples of your work, and you exhibit and show them somewhere, then, most likely, the first people who want to order something from you will be found themselves. Remember your friends who, seeing your new thing, began to ask: “Can you knit (sew, felt, etc.) for me?” This is your first circle of customers - your friends, friends of friends and colleagues.

Someone buys a magazine and says that he needs exactly the same thing as in the picture, but someone needs to help with the choice and be able to offer options for making a handicraft item. There are many customers who prefer to create even in their fantasies.

Sale of materials for needlework

If you are passionate about something, then naturally you know what materials and tools are needed, how this or that material differs from another, what quality the wool or fabric is, etc. In a word, you are an expert and master the nuances of the work. Therefore, if you approach the issue of earning money comprehensively, it would be advisable to sell materials.

You can do this through your own social groups. networks, open an online store or use special platforms (for example, the Masters Fair).

You can buy materials, for example, on Aliexpress, where they are several times cheaper, or in bulk from manufacturers.

Earning money from affiliate programs

What is an affiliate program? This is when you sell someone else's services or goods and receive a percentage from it. For example, let's say you have a website dedicated to handicrafts on which you post your products. And another, equally enthusiastic person conducts master classes.

You can recommend it on your website, and a visitor to your website who comes to another website based on your recommendation will become your source of income. Each affiliate program has its own conditions - some pay per click, some pay for displaying images, some pay for sales. But, following the logic, it is easier to work together with someone. Yes, and additional income will not hurt you.

Here are several types of affiliate programs:

1. Advertising materials from an online store. Imagine you have your own website or contact page where you publish your master classes and lessons. People who visit the site will want to repeat the product, following the instructions, and they will be faced with the question - from what materials? And if, after MK, you have a link to a handicraft store, with which you will enter into an agreement in advance and receive a percentage of sales from the site - this is convenient for both visitors, you, and the store. Of course, the sale of materials can also be organized when you conduct training sessions in the classroom.
2. Advertising master classes or courses by another author. For example, if you run a blog, you can write a review article about a course or simply place a banner.

Below I will give examples of some affiliate programs of hobby stores, as well as from the authors of educational courses and trainings. Those that interested me, if you have any other thoughts, please share =)

Affiliate program from the Creative Academy

Link : http://lp.hobbiz.ru/partner

Thanks to this affiliate program, you can earn money by helping other needlewomen develop their own hobby business. The royalties are quite good, it has to be said.

Pretty Toys Online Magazine

Link: http://prettytoys.ru/for-partners/

Affiliate program of a bright and interesting hobby magazine . In it you will find patterns and master classes for every taste. The magazine is published free of charge, you can read it on the website =)

You can earn money on:

• Searching for potential advertisers for the magazine;
• Subscription to the extended version of the magazine (10% of sales);
• On level 2 partners (5% of earnings).

Source: https://konkurs-uspeh.ru/samoe-prodavaemoe-rukodelie-ukrasheniya-ruchnoi-raboty-prodazha-svoih/

How to drill through tempered glass at home?

Glass is one of the most difficult materials to drill; it is hard, but at the same time quite fragile. These characteristics make it extremely difficult to make clean holes in it, but it is quite possible. Moreover, this can be done even with the help of ordinary tools that are at hand for anyone who independently engages in construction and repair.

How to drill a hole in glass

The complexity of the work directly depends on what you use for drilling. The simplest option is to use a screwdriver or a drill with a diamond-coated tubular drill installed on it. The main requirement for the tool is the presence of a speed regulator. The entire procedure will be performed at relatively low speeds, since the higher the speed, the greater the likelihood of surface damage and cracks.

Since diamond coating, like glass, tends to overheat due to friction, we will constantly have to cool both contacting surfaces. For this we need plasticine or a plastic bottle cap.

After you have decided where the hole should be, you should place a lid filled with water directly on its center (or make a “pool” of plasticine around this place). Then you can move on to creating the hole. In this case, you should periodically pull out the tool so that water can fill the resulting void.

Having gone deeper, approximately half the thickness of the sheet, we turn it over, mark it and repeat all the same procedures, only now on the other side. To learn how to drill glass correctly, watch the video:

How to drill glass

Before modern construction tools and consumables appeared, a lot of ways were invented to make a hole in glass. The most popular is to use a regular drill, which is first heated red-hot on a burner or gas stove flame, and then hardened in wax. Then everything is done exactly as described above.

Also, to solve the problem, you can use a copper tube mounted directly in the drill chuck. In this case, it is necessary to secure pieces of cardboard with an existing hole on both sides of the glass, and it is better to place the sheet itself on a rubber base to reduce vibrations. In this case, the composition of the “coolant” also changes - corundum powder should be added to the water.

How to drill through tempered glass

There is no clear answer to the question of whether it is possible to make a hole in tempered glass. Theoretically, this is possible, however, it is very difficult to implement it with your own hands.

The problem is not only that it is usually quite thick, but also that there are a large number of defects in the sheet itself, which are visible to the naked eye. Heating makes the material harder and more brittle.

In addition, the internal stress of the sheet increases, which, as a result of external influences, simply bursts or crumbles into small pieces.

Source: https://krovli-zabori.ru/osteklenie/kak-prosverlit-zakalennoe-steklo-v-domashnih-usloviyah.html

How to make a female pathogen at home

A woman’s intimate capabilities are a very delicate issue, without understanding which, you may never experience all the sweetness and superiority of an orgasm in your life. According to statistics, every third woman does not experience orgasm during sex.

This can be due to a variety of factors, the main ones being psychological mood and the inability to relax. Today there are many drugs that can be used to increase female libido.

Along with synthetic pharmaceutical products, you can use traditional methods, with the help of which it will be easy to achieve arousal and orgasm during sexual intercourse. In this article we will look at the question of how to make a female pathogen at home.

How to make a female pathogen at home?

One of the most effective and powerful means, the action of which is aimed at increasing female libido, is a horse pathogen. At home, this drug can be prepared in several ways.

Recipe for female stimulant

To prepare horse pathogen at home, we need one main ingredient - Spanish fly. This is a small golden-green insect that lives in Ukraine, Russia and Kazakhstan. It is necessary to collect beetles in May. After you have the “catch,” you should dry the insects and grind them into powder. This can be done using a coffee grinder or blender.

For 20 g of dry Spanish fly powder, add 1 liter of pure alcohol. Having tightly closed the container, send the mixture to a dry, dark and cool room, in which it will infuse for 2 months. The tincture should be taken with meals, 1 tablespoon three times a day, with a sufficient amount of water.

A simple recipe for a stimulant for women

Preparing a female stimulant according to this recipe will not take you much time and will not require the use of exotic ingredients. Let's look at the list of main components:

• 1 chicken egg;
• Half a teaspoon of dry mustard;
• A tablespoon of tomato paste;
• Half a teaspoon of natural lemon juice;
• 2/3 cup dry red wine;
• A pinch of red hot pepper.

Mix all ingredients thoroughly in a saucepan and place on fire. Do not bring the liquid to a boil; as soon as small bubbles begin to appear on the surface, remove the pan from the heat. The pathogen must be taken warm, 1 tablespoon three times a day.

Products that increase female libido

Many foods, vegetables and berries in our refrigerator have a positive effect on the sexual function of the female body, slowly but effectively increasing libido:

• Black chocolate;
• Seafood, the main ones being shrimp, red fish and oysters;
• A mixture made from walnuts, honey and almonds;
• Some berries, such as strawberries or blackcurrants.

Now you know how to make a female stimulant at home, which will not only have a positive effect on your sexual health, but will also improve the general condition of the body.

Source: https://ochprosto.com/kak-sdelat-v-domashnix-usloviyax-zhenskij-vozbuditel/

How to make wine from grapes at home

Homemade grape wine has always enjoyed considerable popularity at any table, so every winemaker, even a beginner, happily tries to create wines according to various recipes, including the classic version - from grapes.

Here is a recipe for excellent grape wine: step by step and easy at home (with photos and instructions).

Choosing the right vintage for wine

In order for grape wine (and not just homemade wine) to turn out truly tasty and aromatic, it is necessary to use exclusively high-quality and, most importantly, the right product to create it - wine varieties.

The berries of these varieties are characterized by their small size and density on the bunch. Below are some valuable tips from experienced winemakers regarding the selection and preparation of material for wine:

1. Only ripe grapes are suitable for making wine: unripe ones will give the final product an unpleasant bitterness, and overripe ones will give a vinegary taste.
2. The grapes must be dry. If the vine was watered by rain only a couple of days ago, you should not pick the berries while they are wet.
3. Carrion berries are completely unsuitable for wine: the wine will have an earthy aftertaste.
4. Berries should be used immediately after cutting from the vine or no later than 2 days after they were picked. Otherwise, the fermentation process will begin in the berries earlier than necessary.

Advice. Grapes collected for making wine should not be washed, because the white coating that forms on them is nothing more than wine yeast. Rinse or even wash grapes only if a starter with high-quality wine yeast is used.

The harvested grapes should be separated from the ridges, sorted, removing all unsuitable berries, including dried and moldy berries. After preliminary selection, the berries are poured in small batches into a deep container and crushed. You can use a regular potato masher or a meat grinder. The berries should be crushed very carefully so that each of them releases all its juice.

Wine making process

Making quality wine is a fairly simple process if you strictly follow all steps of the recipe. The following is a step-by-step process for preparing wine.

Fermentation of pulp

The finished pulp or crushed berries, previously separated from the ridges, are poured into a suitable container and covered tightly with a cotton cloth. Keep in mind that the container should only be 2/3 filled with wine material.

The container with pulp is installed in a room with a strict temperature regime, falling between 18 and 23 degrees. If the temperature is above the second mark, the pulp may ferment too intensely, which will result in it turning into vinegar. If the temperature is below the first mark, the fermentation process may proceed too slowly or may not even begin at all.

So, after a few days, the fermentation process will begin and the must (juice, which is essentially young grape wine) will begin to separate from the pulp. The pulp and wort should be thoroughly mixed every day, otherwise the former will simply turn sour and the taste of the not yet finished product will be spoiled.

Preparation of grape must

5-7 days after the start of fermentation, the pulp should be thoroughly squeezed out, thus separating the wort from it. The first spin is done through a colander, the second through several layers of gauze. The purified wort should ferment. To do this, it is poured into a clean container (it should be filled only 3/4) and tightly closed with a stopper and tube.

If you want to leave the pulp, you should not squeeze it out to separate the wort: just pour all the product into a new container and close it with a lid with a straw. The tube will serve as a kind of protection against oxygen: one end of it must be lowered into a container of water, the other into wine.

At this stage, it is important to control the strength and sweetness of the wine, which depend, first of all, on the fructose content in the product. You can regulate this indicator by adding this or that amount of sugar. In our area, predominantly varieties with a low fructose content grow, therefore, if sugar is not added during the preparation of wine, it will turn out dry.

The dosage of sugar is usually taken as follows: about 1 tbsp. per 1 liter of semi-finished product. Sugar is added as follows: you need to pour a little wort, heat it and pour sugar into it, stirring the mass until the latter dissolves completely. After this, pour the resulting sweet composition back into the container with wine.

Corking of semi-finished wine

At this stage, you should separate all the sediment from the finished wort (to do this, you just need to drain the wine through a straw, carefully lowering the container with water below the container with wine). Be sure to check the product for the amount of sugar: if you like dry grape wine, you won’t need sugar. Otherwise, be sure to add it to the wine and stir thoroughly.

All that remains is to pour the grape wine into a dark glass bottle and seal it loosely (this is necessary so that the remaining carbon dioxide contained in the wine finds a “way out”).

Product sterilization

This is the last, but no less important stage in making homemade wine. Some winemakers believe that this process should occur naturally: the wine must be left in a dark, cool place for several months (2-3) until the fermentation process stops, having previously installed water seals on each bottle. During this period, you should drain the wine at least several times to remove any sediment.

There is another way to sterilize wine - forced. It is necessary to loosely close the wine bottles, wrap them with cloth and place them in a container filled with water. Place a thermometer in one of the bottles and sterilize the product until its temperature rises to 60 degrees. After this, all the yeast will die and the fermentation process will stop completely. The remaining carbon dioxide will also escape through a loosely closed plug.

Afterwards, you can tightly cork the bottles and send them to a cool, dry place. A product that has gone through all the preparatory stages correctly will be able to gain all that wonderful aroma and depth of taste for which many people love grape wine so much. Good luck!

Source: https://fotokuchnja.ru/kak-sdelat-vino-iz-vinograda-v-domashnih-uslovijah/