What is the temperature for soldering pipes - Metals and their processing

Heating temperature table for soldering polypropylene pipes

Polypropylene pipes are an affordable material for building strong and durable plumbing systems. The reliability of the connection of pipes and fittings directly depends on the correct selection and adherence to soldering conditions.

The time and temperature for soldering polypropylene pipes, a table of which is necessary for every solder, serve as the main parameters. They are selected depending on the diameter of the pipe and the depth of welding of the joint. Even a slight deviation from the recommended values can lead to a significant reduction in the strength and durability of the seams. The system’s ability to withstand the operating pressure of the fluid will decrease, and sooner or later a leak will appear in this place.

General influence of temperature during docking work

The operating principle of a welding machine for propylene pipes is based on the ability of the material to soften when heated . The bonds between polymer molecules weaken as temperature increases. Externally, melting is expressed in increased plasticity. If you heat two mating parts, align their softened edges and press them against each other, then the moving parts of the molecules from the surface layers of the two parts will begin to penetrate each other.

When cooled, new bonds will appear between the polymer molecules, and the two parts will form a single whole. The strength of the seam material after hardening will be the same as that of the base material. This is an important advantage of this method over detachable threaded connections. In them, there is always a gap between two parts, blocked by one or another seal.

If the temperature and time conditions of welding are violated, then such a gap remains in the soldered joint, and without a seal. Such a joint is not able to withstand the operating pressure in the system, water begins to leak through it, and over time it can completely collapse, causing a serious leak.

Soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes table of modes.

Insufficient heating of the edges or joint surfaces leads to lack of penetration . It is no less harmful to overheat polypropylene at the soldering site. An internal bead may appear there, reducing the effective cross-section of the pipeline. As a result, its throughput will decrease; when opening and closing taps, water hammer may occur, which has a detrimental effect on the water supply system and the equipment connected to it.

For most brands of polypropylene, manufacturers recommend using a temperature of 220 - 267 ° C. When determining the soldering mode, the following values must be taken into account:

connecting diameter of a pipe, fitting or fitting;
temperature conditions in the building;
heating, soldering and cooling times.

Heating time is usually directly proportional to the diameter of the part.[/stetxbox]

In case of overheating above 270°C, overheating of the upper layer occurs and incomplete heating of the inner layers occurs. In this case, the superplastic top layer shifts, forming a welding bead, and the inner layer does not participate in contact. welding layer is insufficient, and the strength of the connection decreases.

How to weld pipes by hand?

For work, a special welding machine for polypropylene pipes is used. On its flat heating element, called the “iron,” paired adapter bushings are attached to the diameter of the pipe. The edges of the parts to be soldered are cut exactly at 90°, and a chamfer is removed from them, making the connection easier.

Next, the edges and the adjacent 15-20 mm area are cleaned of dust, chips and other contaminants. For this, organic solvents such as alcohol or trichloroethane are used. When choosing a solvent, you must follow the manufacturer's instructions.

The chamfer parameters and the width of the stripping zone are selected based on the diameter of the elements being connected.

Parameters for cutting edges and cleaning depending on the diameter.

The heating temperature is set taking into account the manufacturer's recommendations and adjustments for room temperature . After the welding machine has warmed up, the prepared edges are put on the bushings and begin to heat up. It is recommended to check the actual temperature of the electric heater with a contact thermometer or pyrometer.

On the outside, longitudinal marks are applied to pipe sections or fittings. They will allow you to accurately combine elements without displacement. After waiting the necessary time for warming up, both parts are removed from the adapter sleeves and immediately inserted into one another so that the marks coincide.

In this position, a holding period is allowed for the duration of welding, while the parts must be securely fixed. There is mutual penetration of the softened surface layers of the edges of the two parts and the formation of new molecular bonds. After the welding time has passed, the connected elements must cool naturally, without immersion in water or blowing with cold air. Such an impact will lead to thermal deformation and breaking of newly established bonds.

After welding is completed, a section of the pipeline (or the entire system) is tested under operating fluid pressure . Each joint is carefully inspected; if drops of water or evaporation are observed, the joint is rejected and must be resoldered.

For different types of polymers, manufacturers recommend their own operating heating temperature ranges.

To improve the understanding of the physical phenomena occurring during soldering, a time diagram of changes in temperature and pressure of parts is provided.

Diagram of temperature and pressure during different stages of welding.

The time scale in the diagram is given on a nonlinear scale; the actual ratio of pressing and cooling time can be taken from the table.

The nuances of maintaining the desired thermal regime

When designing a piping system, you should strive to ensure that the joints of pipes, fittings and fittings are in accessible places . The overall dimensions of the joint locations should make it possible to install a welding machine and place their ends onto the heater sleeves without significant bending of the pipes.

The closer to the joint the welding equipment can be placed, the less time the heated edge will have time to cool before welding. Such cooling during transportation leads to a significant decrease in the strength and durability of the joint.

It is also necessary to consider the sequence of installation of joints . It is not uncommon for inexperienced designers to find it impossible to install the last joint because the soldering iron simply does not fit into the remaining gap. You have to either strongly bend the pipes, creating residual stresses in them, or cut them and add another joint. Both solutions reduce the overall reliability and longevity of the system.

It is strictly unacceptable to heat the two parts involved in creating the joint at the same time. During sequential heating, while the second part is warming up, the first one has already had time to cool down and the connection turns out to be weakened or immediately defective.[/stetxbox]

Experienced shareholders formulated the following recommendations:

welding equipment must have a high-quality thermostat that ensures accurate setting and stability of maintaining the heating temperature;
the distance from the welding point to the apparatus should be no more than 1 meter;
welding should be carried out at room temperature;
Before connecting, you need to check the temperature equality of both parts.

Following these simple rules will help you solder pipes efficiently.

What temperature should the soldering iron be?

The soldering temperature for polypropylene water pipes depends on the type of polymer used by the manufacturer to manufacture a particular model.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQaNN9XmN2g

Table of temperature ranges for soldering pipes made of various grades of polypropylene.

The soldering machine has a mechanical or digital heating temperature controller . The digital adjustment system allows you to set the value with great accuracy, in addition, the indicator can show the current temperature of the heater. Experienced craftsmen advise checking the actual heating temperature on test parts using a contact thermometer or pyrometer.

The temperature in the room where soldering takes place should also be taken into account when selecting operating conditions. For example, if it is close to zero, then the edges removed from the heater will have time to cool significantly in a few seconds while they are brought closer to each other and combined. Strong winds also have a negative effect. The correction for room temperature is selected empirically.

If possible, you should avoid installing polypropylene outdoors at low temperatures and strong winds.

How long to heat up?

The heating time of the joints depends on the brand of plastic, the diameter of the pipe, and the thickness of its walls.

The heating time of the joints depends on the thickness of the pipe walls.

Limiting the maximum warm-up time allows you to avoid overheating of parts, leading to the formation of an internal bead, which reduces the effective cross-section of the connection.

The most common mistakes

Beginning solders often make such typical mistakes when soldering PP pipes, such as:

Trying to weld dirty edges. Poor cleaning and degreasing will not allow you to create a strong and durable connection.
Incorrect calculation of wall thickness. It leads to insufficiently deep heating and the creation of a joint of reduced strength.
Failure to comply with the time parameters for warming up, soldering and cooling. Both underheating and overheating are harmful. Failure to comply with the pressing time prevents the formation of a strong and durable welding layer. Excessively rapid cooling of the joint causes thermal deformation.
When inserting a piece of pipe into the fitting hole, you should not do it completely, but leaving a gap of one or two millimeters. It will be filled with suture material, otherwise the excess will form an internal bead.
Exceeding the clamping force also leads to squeezing out excess burr inside the pipe and reducing the effective cross-section.
Incorrectly prepared connection. It only takes a few seconds to join the edges. If they are connected incorrectly, violating the overall geometry of the pipeline and the orientation of fittings and fittings, it will not be possible to correct the error.
Pipe quality. You should not skimp on material or buy different brands. They can have different chemical compositions and different heating temperatures. Apparent savings will result in a reduction in the service life of the system and significantly higher additional costs.

Conclusion

High-quality preparation and soldering of plastic pipes, instructions, heating time and heating temperatures are necessary components for reliable and durable installation of polypropylene plumbing systems. Strict adherence to the data from the table when preparing and carrying out work will allow even novice home craftsmen to reliably solder pipes.

Source: https://svarka.guru/tehnika/detaley/tablica-temperatury-nagreva-pp-trub.html

Types of soldering of polypropylene pipes, temperature of the welding machine

Soldering pipes made of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene, and plastic pipes is used everywhere today. This is due to the distinctive features of this connection method:

There is a need for them. Today this is the best option for use on the farm. It can be used for water supply and heating networks. Nowadays, most people only use this type of soldering of plastic pipes.
Availability. PP is much cheaper than its metal counterparts and is not subject to corrosion.
Simplicity, self-use. Simply following some rules for this type of soldering can allow you to carry out the entire process yourself. Although, if you are not confident in your abilities, it is better to entrust this task to a professional, or seek the help of a partner. To help beginning craftsmen, there is a table for soldering polypropylene pipes indicating all the necessary characteristics.
Efficiency. The finished connection can be obtained in a few minutes. This feature should not be interpreted thoroughly: you should not rush too much, as you may miss important details and spoil the elements being connected.
Long service life. Of course, not the same as with metal compounds. But some manufacturers claim service life of up to several decades. The service life depends not only on the choice of manufacturer and the quality of the PCB. It is important to follow all rules when installing and operating the pipeline.

Selecting a welding machine

To solder PP connections, you need special equipment: a welding machine, also called an “iron” or “soldering iron”. This device can be purchased for personal use. But, as a rule, the next time you need it will not be soon. Therefore, there are rental and rental services for such equipment.

The welding machine can be manual, semi-automatic, fully automatic. It has nozzles of various sizes. To ensure efficient operation, the device does not need to be turned off after each individual connection. It is required to follow not only the rules set out in this article, but also the instructions for the welding machine. You also need special scissors for cutting pipes.

When the scissors cut crookedly (if you need to cut 1 cm), you can use an angle grinder.

Welding machine for polyethylene pipes

Selection of pipes, fittings

There are four markings of pipes depending on the characteristics of their purpose.

For polypropylene pipes with cold water supply up to 20 degrees Celsius, choose the PN 10 marking. It is also suitable for heating floors up to 45°.
For hot water supply up to 60°; and also cold, the PN 16 marking is used.
Purchase the PN 20 marking if you will use a pipeline with hot water supply up to 95°.
For heating up to 95° and hot water supply, you should buy the PN 25 marking.

All polypropylene pipes can be divided into the following types:

For cold water supply;
For hot water supply;
For hot water supply and heating (mixed).

All elements and parts should be selected based on quality requirements. By choosing the cheapest option, you risk ending up with a poor-quality connection. You should not connect a part from one manufacturer to a fitting or coupling from another. They may not fit each other in size and material composition.

There are polypropylene (propylene) and polyethylene pipes. These materials have a lot in common:

Both are susceptible to melting when exposed to high temperatures;
They are not conductors of electric current;
Lungs;
Resistant to force (impacts);

Differences between polypropylene (propylene) and polyethylene pipes:

PP needs a higher temperature to melt;
PP has higher strength;
PP is less flexible
PP has better heat and frost resistance.

The colors of PP pipes differ regardless of the mood of the manufacturer. Each color characterizes the area of future operation:

The white color of PP is not suitable for installation outdoors, in conditions of bad weather and temperature changes;
The gray color of PP is perfect for the home: plumbing and heating systems;
Black color PP is used in the construction of sewer systems. Their material contains special substances for additional stability;
People buy green PP for their homes outside the city or for their summer cottages. They are used for watering plantings. They are the cheapest of the entire list by color, since their ability to withstand internal water pressure is very low. Now many manufacturers have begun to improve the quality of green PP, which allows them to be used even for cold water supply.

Clips are used to fix the pipeline in a horizontal position. In the vertical one there is a special clamp.

Preparation for work, iron temperature

Preparing elements for soldering involves cleaning surfaces, removing small foreign objects, dirt, burrs, dust, and degreasing surfaces using special alcohol and other solutions. It is necessary to prepare not only the surface of the elements to be soldered, but also the room itself. It is also desirable that it is not dusty.

The soldering iron temperature should be approximately 260-270°. When it heats up, the pre-prepared elements must be placed evenly onto the nozzles of the welding device. If the element “sits” unevenly, the soldering will be of poor quality and subsequently there may be problems with the use of the pipeline. This process takes a few seconds. The exact time for soldering polypropylene pipes may vary depending on its thickness and the degree of serviceability of the soldering iron.

If the device for welding polypropylene pipes heats up weakly, then do not rush and let it warm up to the required temperature. You can make the connection with low heat, but leakage may occur in the future. Parts that are to be connected to each other must be heated at the same time. The heated part must be inserted into the nozzle all the way.

If you do not know the location of this limit, mark the required location with a marker in advance.

Overheating of the element can be easily noticed: it will become very soft and immediately deform when connected.

Below is a table of welding times for polypropylene pipes.

It contains recommended indicators: heating temperature of polypropylene pipes depending on their size (volume); periods of connecting parts and cooling them. These characteristics are indicated if the temperature of the work site is at least 20 degrees. If the temperature is lower, the heating time must be increased.

Volume (cm.)	Heating time (sec.)	Welding time of polypropylene pipes (sec.)	Cooling time after welding (minutes)
1,6 – 1,3	5	4	3
2 – 1,4	5	4	3
2,5 – 1,6	7	4	3
3,2 – 1,8	8	4	4
4 – 2	12	6	4.
5 – 2,3	18	6	5
6,3 – 2,6	24	6	6
7,5 – 2,8	30	8	8
9 – 3	40	8	8
11 – 3,3	50	10	10
16 – 3,5	80	15	15

Connecting elements

When the material melts, the elements are removed from the nozzles and quickly but carefully connected to each other using little physical force. Do not press hard or scroll the elements. Each manufacturer prohibits twisting parts. However, many professionals allow themselves to do this, but only by a few degrees. And only for the purpose of fitting one part into another, since sometimes the materials are very “tight” and fit with difficulty.

You need to keep the parts as straight as possible at this moment! Otherwise, the seam may turn out crooked, which will then affect the quality and tightness. If the seam still turns out to be uneven, it will no longer be possible to correct it by separating it. The only way out is to cut out the poorly made seam and weld it again. If this happens to a fitting, it cannot be reused.

Professionals begin the complex of work by welding bulky structures.

There are types of welding: diffusion and coupling. Diffusion welding is based on the principles of diffusion: the connection occurs through the mutual penetration of elements. Socket welding is used for small diameter pipes using special couplings and fittings.

The combined elements must be cooled by keeping them motionless for several minutes. Only in this case, the connection will be of high quality, sealed and will serve you faithfully for a long time.

Thus, there is nothing complicated in welding plastic pipes. If you comply with all the requirements and rules set out above, the work will be of high quality, the pipeline will last a long time on the farm, and you will be able to save on the services of specialists in this field. Although at first it won’t be possible without a few damaged parts. It is easy to replenish them due to their low cost, and to remind you of the time and temperature indicators of everything, there is a table for welding polypropylene pipes.

Below is a video instruction for welding polypropylene pipes.

Source: https://svarkaed.ru/svarka-plastmass-i-polimerov/truby/vidy-pajki-polipropilenovyh-trub.html

Soldering temperature table for polypropylene pipes - Pipes and plumbing

The temperature connection of polypropylene (PP) pipe products is carried out quickly, forming a sealed joint with a long service life. Thanks to this feature, the welding method and polypropylene pipes themselves have become widespread among home craftsmen who install pipelines for various functional purposes with their own hands.

However, despite its apparent ease, the welding process requires not only practical skills, but also knowledge of certain information, such as the soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes, the heating period, and the cooling time of the joint until it reaches operational strength.

To help those who for the first time decided to install a pipeline (heating circuit) with polypropylene pipes with their own hands, the article will reflect the most significant information regarding this process.

Existing methods for connecting PP pipes

One of the ways to connect plastic pipe products is cold welding. The essence of the technology is the preliminary application of a special substance to the joining polymer surfaces, which temporarily chemically liquefies the plastic.

After connecting the plastic parts, the material acquires its original hardness, but during this period a hermetically sealed fusion of the surfaces occurs.

Cold welding has not found widespread use, although in some cases it helps to solder pipeline elements in hard-to-reach places or where there is no access to an electric current source.

Thermal methods for soldering PP pipes have become more widespread. These include:

welding using thermoelectric fittings;
diffuse soldering.

Both methods of joining polypropylene pipe products are based on the temperature melting of the joining surfaces with their subsequent fusion during the cooling process. The only difference is in the technological approach. Let's look at each of the methods in more detail.

Soldering with thermoelectric fittings

Such connecting elements for forming joints between sections of PP pipelines are designed in such a way that their body contains coils of a heating coil, which extends to the outer surface with electrical terminals. When electric current passes through the spiral, the inner surface of the thermoelectric fitting is heated to a certain temperature, which promotes the melting of the plastic surfaces with their subsequent reliable fusion.

The use of thermoelectric fittings for the construction of household pipe communications is limited. The reasons for this are the high cost of connecting elements, the need to purchase expensive equipment and the availability of special knowledge that allows skilled soldering in this way.

In addition, for soldering small-diameter pipes (16, 20, 25, 32 mm), mainly used for household pipework, there is a simpler, less expensive, and yet reliable method of welding polypropylene, which will be discussed below.

Using thermoelectric fittings, large pipelines (large diameter) are connected and the work is carried out by specialized organizations that have access to this type of activity.

Diffuse welding of PP products

This is exactly the soldering method that is widely used for installing household polypropylene communications. The technology is based on the simultaneous temperature melting of joining surfaces followed by their tight connection. The molecules of the molten polymer penetrate each other (diffuse), forming a continuous monolithic compound.

To melt the polymer surfaces of joining parts (pipes and fittings), a special electric soldering iron is used. The device has a sword-shaped (cylindrical in some models) protrusion, which is the heating element. The soldering iron kit includes double-sided nozzles for certain sizes of pipes and corresponding connecting parts that are installed on the heated ledge.

It is possible to simultaneously install several nozzles if you need to work with sections of PP pipeline of different cross-sections. The heating device is equipped with a graduated thermostat that allows you to set the required temperature of the nozzles and lights that indicate that the soldering iron is connected to the mains and is ready for use. Nozzles for melting plastic products are coated with a Teflon layer that prevents the molten polymer from sticking.

The advantages that made the diffuse soldering method of PP pipes popular are the following factors:

low cost of equipment and materials (pipes, connecting and transition elements);
the possibility of forming sealed, durable pipeline joints;
ease and high speed of assembling household pipe circuits with your own hands of any complexity and configuration;
ability to work simultaneously with connected elements of different diameters.

Technical parameters of soldering PP products

In addition to the practical nuances that come with experience working with your own hands, when doing diffuse welding it is important to comply with some technological requirements that allow you to consistently obtain a reliable connection of pipeline elements.

These include the welding time of polypropylene pipes, the period of their fixed fixation after inserting the pipe into the fitting, cooling time and some other parameters that differ for products of different diameters.

Below is a table for pipes with a cross-section most often used for domestic water distribution and heating circuits.

The heating time and other technical parameters of the process indicated in the table are valid when heating polypropylene parts to 260-280˚C and an ambient temperature ranging from 15˚C to 20˚C.

Tools required to solder PP pipeline

To assemble a polypropylene pipeline using the diffuse soldering method, you will need the following tools:

electric soldering iron with an attached set of double-sided tips of different diameters (16, 20, 25 mm);
pipe cutter (special pipe shears);
a file for cleaning burrs and roughness on the cut end of the pipe;
measuring construction tape;
marker.

As for the materials, in addition to pipes of the required diameter, connecting and shut-off valves, transition elements, you will need rags made of natural fabric (linen, cotton) and a degreasing liquid (white spirit, ethyl alcohol, acetone).

Having prepared the necessary materials and tools, you can proceed to the practical implementation of the process of welding a PP pipeline, based on the instructions given below.

Do-it-yourself soldering of polypropylene pipe products, instructions

So it is necessary to solder polypropylene pipes using the diffuse method after heating with a special soldering iron. By following the rules specified in the instructions provided, you will be able to achieve the formation of reliable PP pipeline connections with your own hands.

Source: https://trubyisantehnika.ru/tablitsa-temperaturyi-payki-polipropilenovyih-trub.html

Soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes: table of values + instructions for self-welding

One of the stages in the construction of private houses and apartments is the installation of communications responsible for supplying water or draining wastewater. Assembling polypropylene pipes is much simpler than installing metal structures. To connect them, fittings are used, welded using specialized equipment - an iron.

The article we propose describes the technology for making connections and provides the standard temperature for soldering polypropylene pipes. We will cover the preparatory steps required to produce strong and sealed joints. Taking into account our advice, you will assemble the pipeline without any problems.

Soldering as a method of connecting PPR pipes

In the welding process, everything is important: diameter, soldering temperature of PP products, exposure time to the welding machine. But first you need to get acquainted with the basics of technology and learn how to use the tools.

You cannot begin the soldering process without determining the type and dimensions of the material. We invite you to familiarize yourself with useful information that will help you choose the right polypropylene pipes and fittings, as well as install them, knowing the nuances and sequence of the process.

What do you need to know about polypropylene pipes?

Welding technology (or soldering - both terms are equally applicable) is ensured by the properties of polypropylene, a universal-purpose technical polymer. It is fusible, but after cooling and hardening it returns the characteristics of strength and tightness.

Pipes differ in diameter, wall thickness, color, and characteristics. Thanks to the range of diameters – 16-110 mm – any technical solution can be implemented.

For the improvement of private properties, small diameter products are used, most often up to 40 mm, less often up to 63 mm. The remaining pipes belong to the main pipes and have their own installation features

You can ignore the color of the polymer, since it is chosen by the manufacturer at its discretion, but the color of the stripes matters:

blue – for cold water supply;
red - for hot water supply and heating.

However, the basic information that you should rely on when purchasing and soldering pipes is indicated on the labeling. Polypropylene pipe material is designated by the letter combinations PPR , PP-H , PP-B , PPRC .

A diagram with which you can decipher the markings. Alphanumeric combinations indicate the type of pipe, diameter, wall thickness, permissible pressure - that is, values that are fundamentally important for soldering

Classification according to the nominal pressure, the maximum permissible for installation in specific conditions, helps to select products for home or industrial systems.

Based on this, there are 4 types of PPR pipes:

PN-10 (with a nominal value of 1.0 MPa) - designed for transporting cold water. Sometimes they are used to install heated floors, provided that the coolant does not heat up above +45 °C.
PN-16 (with a rating of 1.6 MPa) - used for assembling hot/cold water supply systems. The maximum permissible temperature is +60 °C.
PN-20 (with a rating of 2.0 MPa) - can withstand temperatures up to +80-90 °C in pipelines protected from water hammer.
PN-25 (with a rating of 2.5 MPa) - suitable not only for autonomous, but also for centralized water supply. The recommended maximum temperature is +95 °C, but higher temperatures can be tolerated.

It is better to overpay and purchase reliable pipes with a slightly superior value than to save money and buy material limited by temperature parameters.

When making pipes, the principle is applied: the higher the temperature of the coolant and the pressure in the system, the thicker the walls.

A table with which, knowing the outer diameter of the pipe, you can determine the wall thickness and inner diameter. In this case, the type of products according to the nominal pressure also matters.

This is the minimum knowledge needed to properly use PPR pipes. Let's move on to a brief description of the process.

Technological description of the soldering process

There are two types of polypropylene soldering - butt and coupling. The first is practically not used for the installation of home communications, since it has a complex technology and is used exclusively for connecting large-diameter main pipes.

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In a cottage or apartment, sleeve welding is used, which is ideal for connecting sections of pipes/fittings with a diameter from 16 mm to 63 mm

The principle of welding is that two sections of pipe, approximately equal in diameter and wall thickness, are heated with a special tool and connected using a socket method.

Feature: when cold, the coupling should be slightly smaller in diameter.

Scheme of step-by-step soldering of PPR pipes: Stage 1 – connecting parts and soldering iron (welding machine); 2 – heating to the required temperature; 3 – sealed unit

When heated, a melting zone of the polymer is formed. It is important that it covers only working surfaces adjacent to each other.

Here it is important to quickly remove the parts from the tool and connect them to each other, due to which two segments are fused into one, followed by polymerization. The reliability of the connection depends on the time spent on the heating process and the correctly selected temperature.

Standard temperature parameters

Both overheating and insufficient heating have a bad effect on the welding result. In the first case, the elements will deform, the roller will swell, and the internal diameter will decrease. In the future, scale and plugs may form in areas of uneven joints.

In the second case, the connection will be weak, and due to insufficient tightness there will be a risk of leakage.

Examples of poor-quality pipe connections: internal and external polypropylene sagging, wall deformation, rupture. Such a water supply system cannot be put into operation

It is precisely because of the risk of a pipeline breakthrough that it is necessary to follow the welding technique and be sure to take into account such parameters as:

diameter of welded products;
heating and cooling time;
equipment temperature;
ambient temperature.

It is believed that the process of welding PP pipes is not advisable to carry out at temperatures below -10 °C, the upper limit is +90 °C. The most favorable ambient temperature is from 0 °C to +25 °C. For ease of remembering, the required temperature and time values were compiled into one table.

Table of technological values, optimal at an ambient temperature of +20 °C. For home installation, just remember the parameters for pipes with a diameter of 16-63 mm

If the air temperature indoors or outdoors is below +5 ° C, the heating time is increased by approximately 50%, that is, twice. The heating temperature is the same everywhere – +260 °C. The acceptable range is +255-280 °C.

It is interesting that the choice of parameter does not depend on the diameter of the pipe - the same values are used for both 16 mm and 50 mm. Only the time periods change. For this reason, the welding temperature of polypropylene fittings and pipes is usually not indicated in technological tables.

Detailed installation instructions

The soldering process is fast. You can verify this by analyzing the data in the table. For example, to connect two elements with a diameter of 20 mm, at room temperature it will take 5 seconds to heat up, another 4 seconds to connect, then 180 seconds to cool down. Total – 3 minutes 9 seconds.

In this regard, it is important to practice all movements so that there is no hitch in the process of joining already heated elements. Let's consider the nuances of each stage of installation of polypropylene pipes separately.

Stage #1 – preparation of special tools

For soldering at home, you will need equipment designed only for welding polypropylene parts - pipes, angles, couplings, tees, plugs.

It makes sense to purchase a new tool if you plan to assemble a water supply system from scratch with further maintenance. For one-time work, you can rent equipment for welding PP pipes or borrow it from friends. In addition to special tools, you will need a level, marker, ruler or tape measure.

Stage #2 – marking and cutting pipes

The pipes are cut in advance, before the first soldering begins. We recommend preparing all the elements and putting them together according to the diagram. It is part of a heating system or plumbing installation project.

Often pipe routing is a complex system of straight and rotary sections. Assembly is easier when small sections of pipe are initially connected with fittings into separate units

We measure out pieces of pipes of the required length and carefully cut them with a pipe cutter. Then we select fittings of suitable diameter - most often these are couplings, tees and angles. If the elements are reinforced, remove the aluminum layer.

As a result, the edges of the parts to be welded must be perfectly smooth, cut perpendicular to the axis of the pipeline, cleaned and degreased.

Stage #3 – connecting elements and heating

We install the device, select couplings and mandrels of the required diameter. We plug it into the network and heat it up, since we already know at what optimal temperature polypropylene pipes should be soldered - +260 °C. This is exactly what is indicated in the operating instructions for soldering irons.

Please note that some manufacturers produce devices with a scale up to +320 °C. This does not mean that you need to heat it to maximum. Read the instructions carefully - they indicate the conditions under which high heating values are permissible.

At the ends of the parts that need to be connected, we make marks indicating the heating depth. We check once again that the working surfaces are dry and free of grease, since moisture or a slippery surface can cause the connection to depressurize.

We use both parts at the same time: we insert the end of the pipe into the coupling up to the mark, and we put the connecting element on the mandrel until it stops

From the moment the parts are installed, we begin counting the seconds - according to the values indicated in the table. After the required time, remove the parts and quickly insert the pipe into the fitting - up to the same mark. We try to position the parts coaxially; only a couple of seconds are given to correct the position. Distortions and rotation of elements must not be allowed!

We hold the knot in the correct position until polymerization occurs. Usually this is 3 minutes or more - we check the cooling time according to the table. Cooled and properly welded parts form an integral connection, tight and durable.

We weld the key components one by one, so that we can then assemble and weld them together at the installation site of the heating circuit, sewer or water distribution.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

#1. PPR pipe soldering technology:

#2. Analysis of common errors:

There are a huge number of master classes on soldering polypropylene pipes on the Internet. Some of them were taken by unskilled amateurs, so advice on welding technique and temperature may be misleading.

The manufacturer knows the capabilities of the welding machine better than others, so before you start soldering, be sure to read the instructions - this will protect you from technical defects and unprofessional advice.

Source: https://sovet-ingenera.com/santeh/svarka/temperatura-pajki-polipropilenovyx-trub.html

Soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes

The strength and durability of various plastic communications depends on how accurately the soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes is taken into account. When welding polypropylene products, it is necessary to take into account the heating time of the material and the cooling time of the joints.

Correct comparison and consideration of temperature and time parameters of the soldering process of technical products made of polypropylene contributes to the production of a durable and reliable material.

If you deviate from the technology, the product will have breaks at the joints and be of poor quality.

Soldering PP pipes

general information

The temperature regime for soldering polypropylene pipe products directly depends on the polymer used. In practice, 4 types of materials are used:

PN10, used for the use of technical products at temperatures up to +40 C;
PN16 for use at +60 C;
PN20, used in water supply from +80 C to +95 C;
PN25 for operating modes above +95 C.

In addition to maintaining temperature conditions, welding polypropylene pipes with your own hands depends on the pressure that pipe technical products of a specific marking can withstand.

The first type is used when laying technical products intended for cold water supply. Pipe products marked PN20 are considered universal and are intended for cold and hot water supply, but taking into account that the effect of +95 C is short-term. If the temperature is not maintained, then due to its action they will lose their tightness and become deformed.

Soldering mode and its effect on the process

The technology for soldering polypropylene pipes involves heating them, after which the plastic contained in them softens. When two heated products are connected, diffusion (interpenetration) of polypropylene molecules of one technical product into the molecules of the other occurs. As a result, a strong molecular bond is formed, making the resulting material airtight and durable.

If there is an insufficient mode, then sufficient diffusion will not occur when two materials are combined. As a result, the joint of the technical product will turn out to be weak, which will lead to a violation of the tightness of the entire material.

"Note!

Excessive overheating of the fitting and pipe technical product during welding causes deformation of the parts. Their geometry is disrupted, and a roller influx occurs in the internal section.”

The output is a pipeline with a minimal internal hole at the junction, the diameter of which does not meet technological standards.

Source: https://svarkaipayka.ru/tehnologia/svarka-trub/temperatura-payki-polipropilenovyih-trub.html

At what temperature should polypropylene pipes be soldered?

The quality and durability of the finished communications depends on how accurately the soldering temperature is selected when installing polypropylene pipes. In addition, it is necessary to take into account both the duration of heating of the material and the duration of its cooling. The material contains a table that allows you to understand at what temperature to solder polypropylene pipes of 20 mm, 25 mm, etc.

Correct selection of indicators will help increase the reliability of joints. If you do not comply with the established requirements, their strength will be much lower, and the communication itself will last less.

Types of polypropylene and its features

During the manufacture of polypropylene pipes, various types of polymers can be used. Each of them is suitable for operation in a certain temperature regime. It could be:

PN10. It can withstand temperatures no higher than +40 °C, so products made from it are intended only for cold water supply pipelines.
PN16. Used in networks with temperature conditions up to +60 °C.
PN20. It is a universal type, suitable for laying pipes for both cold and hot water supply. Withstands up to +95 °C, but with the condition that this maximum value is reached only for a short time.
PN25. Can be used in conditions of prolonged exposure to temperatures above +95 °C.

If the above requirements and the soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes are not met, the products will quickly begin to deform and wear out. The pressure for which polypropylene pipes of a particular brand are designed is also of great importance. As a result, choosing products for laying communications based on the principle of “what is cheaper” is not acceptable. The results of such an approach to business can be the most tragic: from a leak to a pipeline rupture.

Diameter of polypropylene pipes

The diameter of the pipes is selected based on current requirements and hydraulic calculations. The range of sizes available on the market allows you to cover any need. For home use, products with a diameter of up to 40 mm are most often sufficient. The home craftsman practically never has to deal with large ones - they are intended for highways.

Colored polypropylene pipes

The difference in color of pipes does not in any way indicate their technical characteristics. But the presence of colored stripes provides useful information that helps not to confuse different brands of products during installation: a blue stripe indicates that the pipe is intended only for cold water supply, a red stripe is also suitable for hot water supply. It is better, of course, to focus on alphanumeric markings, as they are more informative.

Soldering of polypropylene pipes

During soldering, the ends of polypropylene pipes heat up, as a result of which the polymer contained in them softens. When products heated in this way are connected, a process called diffusion occurs.

Molecules mutually penetrate each other, which leads to spontaneous equalization of their concentration and the creation of a strong molecular bond. Thus, the soldering is quite reliable and airtight.

However, if the temperature regime is not observed, diffusion occurs unevenly or with disturbances, so the quality of such a joint is low.

Attention! It is better to solder for a strictly specified time, otherwise excessive overheating of the products will have the same detrimental effect as underheating. Parts are deformed, their geometry is damaged, and sagging forms on the inside of the seams. The latter leads to the fact that the diameter of the pipe at the junction decreases, and this seriously affects the water pressure in the future.

Incorrect soldering of polypropylene pipes

The duration of exposure of the ends of polypropylene pipes with a soldering iron directly depends on their diameter. You also need to take into account environmental conditions. Work may be carried out at air temperatures not lower than -10 °C and not higher than +90 °C.

The influence of the external environment on the soldering process can be quite strong. The fact is that between removing the pipes from the soldering iron and joining them, a certain time passes, during which they begin to cool. The lower the air temperature, the faster this happens, and the worse the quality of the seam becomes. To correct the situation, it is recommended to slightly increase the heating time of the products. If the diameter of the pipes is 20 mm or more, it is necessary to solder at an ambient temperature strictly above 0 °C.

The table below clearly demonstrates the dependence of heating and cooling times on the pipe diameter.

The optimal soldering iron temperature for joining polypropylene pipes is considered to be 260 °C. It is permissible to increase this indicator to 280 °C, but it should be remembered that in this case the outer layer of the polymer will heat up more than the inner one, and the quality of the seam will deteriorate somewhat.

Soldering of fiberglass-reinforced pipes is carried out with the same parameters. Before starting work, they must be treated with a shaver to remove the outer reinforced layer.

Having figured out how much to solder polypropylene pipes, you should pay attention to the following features of the work :

It is unacceptable to violate the order of work when the contractor skips the last joint due to the impossibility of installing a soldering iron between the pipes. This leads to the appearance of deformation and static stress.
Individual parts cannot be heated sequentially. Their temperature during docking must be the same, otherwise the diffusion process will be uneven.
There should not be a large distance between the soldering point and the soldering iron to prevent heat loss. Optimally – up to 1.4 m.

Maintaining compliance of temperature conditions with established technological requirements and using a high-quality soldering iron are the key to high quality of work performed. Ready-made communications will last a long time, and the occurrence of problems during operation will be minimized.

Source: http://aqua-info.org/kommunikacii/vodosnabzhenie/531-pri-kakoj-temperature-payat-polipropilenovye-truby.html

Soldering table for polypropylene pipes

When water communications consisting of plastic pipes are assembled, temperature becomes the most important parameter. It must have certain values to achieve a strong and reliable connection.

Today, the technology for laying pipelines made of such materials requires compliance with a certain temperature regime, as well as specific time values, when performing welding work. If you do not follow the recommended parameters, a rupture may appear in key areas and the movement of the water flow may deteriorate significantly.

How to weld polypropylene pipes manually

Welding sleeves of the device are selected taking into account the diameter of the parts. They are then inserted into the welding mirror and secured well.

Contact surfaces are cleaned of dust and dirt. For cleaning, it is better to use a cleaning fluid recommended by the manufacturer of this product. The following may help with this work:

Chlorethylene.
Trichloroethane.
Ethyl or Isopropyl alcohol.

A certain temperature of the device is set. Typically, the thermistor should heat up within 250 - 270 degrees. This optimal temperature allows the correct connection to be achieved.

When the thermostat reaches the desired thermal level, the heating temperature of the welding mirror is checked. For this, a special thermal probe is used.

The pipe is cut, maintaining 90 degrees relative to the axis. If necessary, you need to clean the surface and chamfer it. Stripping parameters and chamfer depth dimensions are taken from table number one. The chamfer can be removed when cleaning the part or after it, using a special calibrated tool.

Polypropylene fittings for socket welding. Grinding depth and chamfer width.

The insertion depth “L1” is marked on the surface of the pipe. Taken from Table 2. Stripping must necessarily correspond to the insertion depth.

Insertion depth L1(mm): maximum insertion depth of the heated pipe into the fitting cup.

A longitudinal mark is applied to the outer surface of the pipe and fitting being welded. It makes it possible to avoid displacement of parts during connection.

The surface of the pipe, as well as the attached fitting, must be well cleaned of oil or dirt. After achieving the required heating of the welding mirror, the pipe, together with the fitting, is installed in special sleeves. The fittings must be inserted all the way, the pipe being welded to the full stripping depth. You need to wait a little while the parts heat up.

They are then quickly removed and inserted into each other. The insertion depth of the fitting must be equal to the length L1, in accordance with the longitudinal notches.

The connected parts must be kept in a fixed position for a certain time, according to table No. 3. Then you need to give it time to cool naturally. Do not cool them with a fan or immerse them in cold water.

Heating, welding and cooling times

When the surface of the elements has cooled sufficiently, it is necessary to conduct a hydraulic test.

Temperature ranges for resistance welding.

The changes in pressure and temperature during the butt welding process are shown in the figure below:

How to properly solder polypropylene pipes

Pipes;
fitting;
napkins;
gloves;
soldering iron;
pipe cutters;
roulette;
pencil;
level;
isopropyl alcohol.

‑channel “Do-it-yourself repairs”

Connecting polypropylene pipes is quite simple, but - as with any other structure - before starting work, it is advisable to prepare an approximate installation diagram.

Sketch out a drawing on paper with the location of the insertion points, shut-off valves and other necessary parts. This way you can immediately estimate the length of the pipes, as well as determine the location, type and number of fittings needed.

Since both ends of the pipeline heat up during connection, for ease of installation it is important that one of them remains free. Some pipes with fittings can be assembled on a table and then installed in the desired location, making just one joint. All this will help to provide an assembly diagram.

3. Prepare your soldering iron

In general, the device is correctly called a “welding machine.” The process of joining polypropylene takes place without the use of solder, which means it is welding and not soldering. We will use both terms.

‑channel “Twice Father Dmitry”

Install nozzles of the required diameter onto the soldering iron platform and secure them with a screw using a wrench. If you are working with pipes of several sizes, use an additional pair of sleeves.

Set the heating temperature to 260 °C and turn on the device. It will take 10–20 minutes to heat up. An LED indicator will indicate that it is ready for use. You need to wait about 5 more minutes before welding the first joint.

When polypropylene is heated, harmful fumes and smoke are released, which should not be inhaled. Therefore, ventilate the room while working.

4. Make markings

While the soldering iron is heating up, prepare the pipe and fittings. For high-quality welding, they must fit into each other strictly to a certain depth. Insufficient immersion will lead to a poor connection, and excessive immersion will reduce or completely block the flow area with extruded plastic. Here are the values recommended by most manufacturers for the most common sizes:

As you can see, the soldering depth depends on the diameter of the pipes and fittings.

‑channel FV Miano

To avoid mistakes, measure the required length of the pipe, taking into account the allowance for the joint, and mark it with a pencil. Then, at the required distance from this mark, draw another line - it will serve as a guide during welding.

termpro.ru

For example, we need to connect an angle and a tee in a heating system. The distance between them is 270 mm. For fittings with a diameter of 25 mm, the soldering depth is 18 mm, which means we add another 36 mm to 270 (18 on each side). The result is 306 mm - this is exactly the piece of pipe that needs to be cut off.

5. Cut the pipe

To cut polypropylene, special scissors are used, which are also called pipe cutters. They make it easy to cut off a thick-walled pipe and get smooth edges without burrs.

‑channel “Sergey Efimov”

Place the scissors exactly perpendicular to the pipe and align the blade with the first mark. Holding the pipe with one hand, press the handles of the scissors with the other until the part is completely cut.

It is important to get an even end so that the pipe fits evenly into the fitting and is soldered equally over the entire diameter. If you cut it at an angle, the protruding part will go in too deep and the molten polypropylene will squeeze out, reducing the inner diameter of the fitting.

If the edge turns out to be uneven and the margin allows, it is better to cut it again. If the length is close, trim the end, removing all excess with a sharp knife.

6. Degrease parts

According to the instructions of all manufacturers, the parts to be welded must be degreased for a quality connection. And although many craftsmen neglect this and limit themselves to only wiping the pipes with a rag, we recommend sticking to the technology.

‑channel "KaUT Company"

Clean the pipes of any contamination. Drain off any remaining water and wipe thoroughly with a napkin or toilet paper. Clean the surfaces of fittings and pipes with a cloth soaked in isopropyl alcohol.

The same alcohol can easily erase all the inscriptions on the pipes and give them a more aesthetic appearance.

7. Heat the pipe and fitting

There is a risk of serious burns when working with a hot soldering iron, so be sure to wear protective gloves. Parts of different sizes need to be heated for a certain time. The larger the diameter, the longer.

For a reliable connection, it is important not to overheat the polypropylene, otherwise the material will become fluid, melt and block the fitting from the inside.

‑channel “Twice Father Dmitry”

Insert the fitting first into the corresponding soldering iron sleeves, then the pipe. When pushing parts, do not rotate them around their axis or tilt them. Insert the pipe to the previously marked depth until the molten polypropylene reaches the pencil line. Only then count down the allotted time.

All specified data is valid for work at an ambient temperature of about 20 ° C. If the room is colder than 5 °C, the heating time approximately doubles.

8. Weld the joint

Without turning or tilting, quickly remove first the pipe and then the fitting from the nozzles and connect both parts in the desired position relative to each other. Don't fuss, but don't hesitate either - you have 4-6 seconds left.

‑channel FV Miano

Hold the pipe and fitting motionless for about 5 seconds to ensure the joint locks into place. At this moment, it is allowed to rotate the connection no more than 10 degrees to correct its position.

The complete cooling time, after which the welding site can be loaded, ranges from 2 to 4 minutes.

Remains of polypropylene from the nozzle can be easily removed with a paper napkin while the soldering iron is hot. If you clean already cooled cartridges, there is a risk of damaging the Teflon coating.

9. Check the connection

‑channel FV Miano

The quality of welding can be determined by a small, uniform bead at the end of the fitting. If it is not there, then perhaps the joint is underheated and the tightness will be in question. If the influx is too large, the pipe is most likely overheated and it melts inside, partially or completely blocking the flow area.

For those who are dealing with polypropylene welding for the first time, it would be a good idea to first practice and weld a few practice joints. It's better to learn on straight couplings. Unlike corners and other fittings of complex shapes, they can be easily inspected after soldering, not only from the outside, but also from the inside.

Time and temperature table for soldering polypropylene pipe

› Polypropylene ›

Polypropylene pipelines are intended for industrial use with aggressive environments. Such systems are widely used in the chemical industry, in devices for processing industrial wastewater, etc. In most cases, individual components of such systems are connected by welding; one of the key parameters for the high-quality connection of elements is the soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes.

Types of polypropylene and its properties

Heating temperature table for soldering polypropylene pipes

General influence of temperature during docking work

Soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes table of modes.

For most brands of polypropylene, manufacturers recommend using a temperature of 220 - 267 ° C. When determining the soldering mode, the following values must be taken into account:

connecting diameter of a pipe, fitting or fitting;
temperature conditions in the building;
heating, soldering and cooling times.

Heating time is usually directly proportional to the diameter of the part.[/stetxbox]

How to weld pipes by hand?

The chamfer parameters and the width of the stripping zone are selected based on the diameter of the elements being connected.

Parameters for cutting edges and cleaning depending on the diameter.

On the outside, longitudinal marks are applied to pipe sections or fittings. They will allow you to accurately combine elements without displacement. After waiting the necessary time for warming up, both parts are removed from the adapter sleeves and immediately inserted into one another so that the marks coincide.

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For different types of polymers, manufacturers recommend their own operating heating temperature ranges.

To improve the understanding of the physical phenomena occurring during soldering, a time diagram of changes in temperature and pressure of parts is provided.

Diagram of temperature and pressure during different stages of welding.

The time scale in the diagram is given on a nonlinear scale; the actual ratio of pressing and cooling time can be taken from the table.

The nuances of maintaining the desired thermal regime

Experienced shareholders formulated the following recommendations:

welding equipment must have a high-quality thermostat that ensures accurate setting and stability of maintaining the heating temperature;
the distance from the welding point to the apparatus should be no more than 1 meter;
welding should be carried out at room temperature;
Before connecting, you need to check the temperature equality of both parts.

Following these simple rules will help you solder pipes efficiently.

What temperature should the soldering iron be?

The soldering temperature for polypropylene water pipes depends on the type of polymer used by the manufacturer to manufacture a particular model.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQaNN9XmN2g

Table of temperature ranges for soldering pipes made of various grades of polypropylene.

If possible, you should avoid installing polypropylene outdoors at low temperatures and strong winds.

How long to heat up?

The heating time of the joints depends on the brand of plastic, the diameter of the pipe, and the thickness of its walls.

The heating time of the joints depends on the thickness of the pipe walls.

Limiting the maximum warm-up time allows you to avoid overheating of parts, leading to the formation of an internal bead, which reduces the effective cross-section of the connection.

The most common mistakes

Beginning solders often make such typical mistakes when soldering PP pipes, such as:

Trying to weld dirty edges. Poor cleaning and degreasing will not allow you to create a strong and durable connection.
Incorrect calculation of wall thickness. It leads to insufficiently deep heating and the creation of a joint of reduced strength.
Failure to comply with the time parameters for warming up, soldering and cooling. Both underheating and overheating are harmful. Failure to comply with the pressing time prevents the formation of a strong and durable welding layer. Excessively rapid cooling of the joint causes thermal deformation.
When inserting a piece of pipe into the fitting hole, you should not do it completely, but leaving a gap of one or two millimeters. It will be filled with suture material, otherwise the excess will form an internal bead.
Exceeding the clamping force also leads to squeezing out excess burr inside the pipe and reducing the effective cross-section.
Incorrectly prepared connection. It only takes a few seconds to join the edges. If they are connected incorrectly, violating the overall geometry of the pipeline and the orientation of fittings and fittings, it will not be possible to correct the error.
Pipe quality. You should not skimp on material or buy different brands. They can have different chemical compositions and different heating temperatures. Apparent savings will result in a reduction in the service life of the system and significantly higher additional costs.

Conclusion

Source: https://svarka.guru/tehnika/detaley/tablica-temperatury-nagreva-pp-trub.html

Types of soldering of polypropylene pipes, temperature of the welding machine

Soldering pipes made of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene, and plastic pipes is used everywhere today. This is due to the distinctive features of this connection method:

There is a need for them. Today this is the best option for use on the farm. It can be used for water supply and heating networks. Nowadays, most people only use this type of soldering of plastic pipes.
Availability. PP is much cheaper than its metal counterparts and is not subject to corrosion.
Simplicity, self-use. Simply following some rules for this type of soldering can allow you to carry out the entire process yourself. Although, if you are not confident in your abilities, it is better to entrust this task to a professional, or seek the help of a partner. To help beginning craftsmen, there is a table for soldering polypropylene pipes indicating all the necessary characteristics.
Efficiency. The finished connection can be obtained in a few minutes. This feature should not be interpreted thoroughly: you should not rush too much, as you may miss important details and spoil the elements being connected.
Long service life. Of course, not the same as with metal compounds. But some manufacturers claim service life of up to several decades. The service life depends not only on the choice of manufacturer and the quality of the PCB. It is important to follow all rules when installing and operating the pipeline.

Stages of work

Selecting a welding machine

When the scissors cut crookedly (if you need to cut 1 cm), you can use an angle grinder.

Welding machine for polyethylene pipes

Selection of pipes, fittings

There are four markings of pipes depending on the characteristics of their purpose.

For polypropylene pipes with cold water supply up to 20 degrees Celsius, choose the PN 10 marking. It is also suitable for heating floors up to 45°.
For hot water supply up to 60°; and also cold, the PN 16 marking is used.
Purchase the PN 20 marking if you will use a pipeline with hot water supply up to 95°.
For heating up to 95° and hot water supply, you should buy the PN 25 marking.

All polypropylene pipes can be divided into the following types:

For cold water supply;
For hot water supply;
For hot water supply and heating (mixed).

There are polypropylene (propylene) and polyethylene pipes. These materials have a lot in common:

Both are susceptible to melting when exposed to high temperatures;
They are not conductors of electric current;
Lungs;
Resistant to force (impacts);

Differences between polypropylene (propylene) and polyethylene pipes:

PP needs a higher temperature to melt;
PP has higher strength;
PP is less flexible
PP has better heat and frost resistance.

The colors of PP pipes differ regardless of the mood of the manufacturer. Each color characterizes the area of future operation:

The white color of PP is not suitable for installation outdoors, in conditions of bad weather and temperature changes;
The gray color of PP is perfect for the home: plumbing and heating systems;
Black color PP is used in the construction of sewer systems. Their material contains special substances for additional stability;
People buy green PP for their homes outside the city or for their summer cottages. They are used for watering plantings. They are the cheapest of the entire list by color, since their ability to withstand internal water pressure is very low. Now many manufacturers have begun to improve the quality of green PP, which allows them to be used even for cold water supply.

Clips are used to fix the pipeline in a horizontal position. In the vertical one there is a special clamp.

Preparation for work, iron temperature

If you do not know the location of this limit, mark the required location with a marker in advance.

Overheating of the element can be easily noticed: it will become very soft and immediately deform when connected.

Below is a table of welding times for polypropylene pipes.

Volume (cm.)	Heating time (sec.)	Welding time of polypropylene pipes (sec.)	Cooling time after welding (minutes)
1,6 – 1,3	5	4	3
2 – 1,4	5	4	3
2,5 – 1,6	7	4	3
3,2 – 1,8	8	4	4
4 – 2	12	6	4.
5 – 2,3	18	6	5
6,3 – 2,6	24	6	6
7,5 – 2,8	30	8	8
9 – 3	40	8	8
11 – 3,3	50	10	10
16 – 3,5	80	15	15

Connecting elements

Professionals begin the complex of work by welding bulky structures.

The combined elements must be cooled by keeping them motionless for several minutes. Only in this case, the connection will be of high quality, sealed and will serve you faithfully for a long time.

Below is a video instruction for welding polypropylene pipes.

Source: https://svarkaed.ru/svarka-plastmass-i-polimerov/truby/vidy-pajki-polipropilenovyh-trub.html

Soldering temperature table for polypropylene pipes - Pipes and plumbing

Existing methods for connecting PP pipes

After connecting the plastic parts, the material acquires its original hardness, but during this period a hermetically sealed fusion of the surfaces occurs.

Cold welding has not found widespread use, although in some cases it helps to solder pipeline elements in hard-to-reach places or where there is no access to an electric current source.

Thermal methods for soldering PP pipes have become more widespread. These include:

welding using thermoelectric fittings;
diffuse soldering.

Soldering with thermoelectric fittings

In addition, for soldering small-diameter pipes (16, 20, 25, 32 mm), mainly used for household pipework, there is a simpler, less expensive, and yet reliable method of welding polypropylene, which will be discussed below.

Using thermoelectric fittings, large pipelines (large diameter) are connected and the work is carried out by specialized organizations that have access to this type of activity.

Diffuse welding of PP products

The advantages that made the diffuse soldering method of PP pipes popular are the following factors:

low cost of equipment and materials (pipes, connecting and transition elements);
the possibility of forming sealed, durable pipeline joints;
ease and high speed of assembling household pipe circuits with your own hands of any complexity and configuration;
ability to work simultaneously with connected elements of different diameters.

Technical parameters of soldering PP products

Below is a table for pipes with a cross-section most often used for domestic water distribution and heating circuits.

The heating time and other technical parameters of the process indicated in the table are valid when heating polypropylene parts to 260-280˚C and an ambient temperature ranging from 15˚C to 20˚C.

Tools required to solder PP pipeline

To assemble a polypropylene pipeline using the diffuse soldering method, you will need the following tools:

electric soldering iron with an attached set of double-sided tips of different diameters (16, 20, 25 mm);
pipe cutter (special pipe shears);
a file for cleaning burrs and roughness on the cut end of the pipe;
measuring construction tape;
marker.

Having prepared the necessary materials and tools, you can proceed to the practical implementation of the process of welding a PP pipeline, based on the instructions given below.

Do-it-yourself soldering of polypropylene pipe products, instructions

Source: https://trubyisantehnika.ru/tablitsa-temperaturyi-payki-polipropilenovyih-trub.html

Soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes: table of values + instructions for self-welding

Soldering as a method of connecting PPR pipes

What do you need to know about polypropylene pipes?

Pipes differ in diameter, wall thickness, color, and characteristics. Thanks to the range of diameters – 16-110 mm – any technical solution can be implemented.

You can ignore the color of the polymer, since it is chosen by the manufacturer at its discretion, but the color of the stripes matters:

blue – for cold water supply;
red - for hot water supply and heating.

Classification according to the nominal pressure, the maximum permissible for installation in specific conditions, helps to select products for home or industrial systems.

Based on this, there are 4 types of PPR pipes:

PN-10 (with a nominal value of 1.0 MPa) - designed for transporting cold water. Sometimes they are used to install heated floors, provided that the coolant does not heat up above +45 °C.
PN-16 (with a rating of 1.6 MPa) - used for assembling hot/cold water supply systems. The maximum permissible temperature is +60 °C.
PN-20 (with a rating of 2.0 MPa) - can withstand temperatures up to +80-90 °C in pipelines protected from water hammer.
PN-25 (with a rating of 2.5 MPa) - suitable not only for autonomous, but also for centralized water supply. The recommended maximum temperature is +95 °C, but higher temperatures can be tolerated.

It is better to overpay and purchase reliable pipes with a slightly superior value than to save money and buy material limited by temperature parameters.

When making pipes, the principle is applied: the higher the temperature of the coolant and the pressure in the system, the thicker the walls.

A table with which, knowing the outer diameter of the pipe, you can determine the wall thickness and inner diameter. In this case, the type of products according to the nominal pressure also matters.

This is the minimum knowledge needed to properly use PPR pipes. Let's move on to a brief description of the process.

Technological description of the soldering process

In a cottage or apartment, sleeve welding is used, which is ideal for connecting sections of pipes/fittings with a diameter from 16 mm to 63 mm

The principle of welding is that two sections of pipe, approximately equal in diameter and wall thickness, are heated with a special tool and connected using a socket method.

Feature: when cold, the coupling should be slightly smaller in diameter.

Scheme of step-by-step soldering of PPR pipes: Stage 1 – connecting parts and soldering iron (welding machine); 2 – heating to the required temperature; 3 – sealed unit

When heated, a melting zone of the polymer is formed. It is important that it covers only working surfaces adjacent to each other.

Standard temperature parameters

In the second case, the connection will be weak, and due to insufficient tightness there will be a risk of leakage.

Examples of poor-quality pipe connections: internal and external polypropylene sagging, wall deformation, rupture. Such a water supply system cannot be put into operation

It is precisely because of the risk of a pipeline breakthrough that it is necessary to follow the welding technique and be sure to take into account such parameters as:

diameter of welded products;
heating and cooling time;
equipment temperature;
ambient temperature.

Table of technological values, optimal at an ambient temperature of +20 °C. For home installation, just remember the parameters for pipes with a diameter of 16-63 mm

Detailed installation instructions

Stage #1 – preparation of special tools

For soldering at home, you will need equipment designed only for welding polypropylene parts - pipes, angles, couplings, tees, plugs.

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Stage #2 – marking and cutting pipes

Often pipe routing is a complex system of straight and rotary sections. Assembly is easier when small sections of pipe are initially connected with fittings into separate units

As a result, the edges of the parts to be welded must be perfectly smooth, cut perpendicular to the axis of the pipeline, cleaned and degreased.

Stage #3 – connecting elements and heating

We use both parts at the same time: we insert the end of the pipe into the coupling up to the mark, and we put the connecting element on the mandrel until it stops

We weld the key components one by one, so that we can then assemble and weld them together at the installation site of the heating circuit, sewer or water distribution.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

#1. PPR pipe soldering technology:

#2. Analysis of common errors:

Source: https://sovet-ingenera.com/santeh/svarka/temperatura-pajki-polipropilenovyx-trub.html

Soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes

If you deviate from the technology, the product will have breaks at the joints and be of poor quality.

Soldering PP pipes

general information

The temperature regime for soldering polypropylene pipe products directly depends on the polymer used. In practice, 4 types of materials are used:

PN10, used for the use of technical products at temperatures up to +40 C;
PN16 for use at +60 C;
PN20, used in water supply from +80 C to +95 C;
PN25 for operating modes above +95 C.

In addition to maintaining temperature conditions, welding polypropylene pipes with your own hands depends on the pressure that pipe technical products of a specific marking can withstand.

Soldering mode and its effect on the process

"Note!

Excessive overheating of the fitting and pipe technical product during welding causes deformation of the parts. Their geometry is disrupted, and a roller influx occurs in the internal section.”

The output is a pipeline with a minimal internal hole at the junction, the diameter of which does not meet technological standards.

Source: https://svarkaipayka.ru/tehnologia/svarka-trub/temperatura-payki-polipropilenovyih-trub.html

At what temperature should polypropylene pipes be soldered?

Types of polypropylene and its features

During the manufacture of polypropylene pipes, various types of polymers can be used. Each of them is suitable for operation in a certain temperature regime. It could be:

PN10. It can withstand temperatures no higher than +40 °C, so products made from it are intended only for cold water supply pipelines.
PN16. Used in networks with temperature conditions up to +60 °C.
PN20. It is a universal type, suitable for laying pipes for both cold and hot water supply. Withstands up to +95 °C, but with the condition that this maximum value is reached only for a short time.
PN25. Can be used in conditions of prolonged exposure to temperatures above +95 °C.

Diameter of polypropylene pipes

Colored polypropylene pipes

Soldering of polypropylene pipes

However, if the temperature regime is not observed, diffusion occurs unevenly or with disturbances, so the quality of such a joint is low.

Incorrect soldering of polypropylene pipes

The table below clearly demonstrates the dependence of heating and cooling times on the pipe diameter.

Soldering of fiberglass-reinforced pipes is carried out with the same parameters. Before starting work, they must be treated with a shaver to remove the outer reinforced layer.

Having figured out how much to solder polypropylene pipes, you should pay attention to the following features of the work :

It is unacceptable to violate the order of work when the contractor skips the last joint due to the impossibility of installing a soldering iron between the pipes. This leads to the appearance of deformation and static stress.
Individual parts cannot be heated sequentially. Their temperature during docking must be the same, otherwise the diffusion process will be uneven.
There should not be a large distance between the soldering point and the soldering iron to prevent heat loss. Optimally – up to 1.4 m.

Source: http://aqua-info.org/kommunikacii/vodosnabzhenie/531-pri-kakoj-temperature-payat-polipropilenovye-truby.html

Soldering table for polypropylene pipes

When water communications consisting of plastic pipes are assembled, temperature becomes the most important parameter. It must have certain values to achieve a strong and reliable connection.

How to weld polypropylene pipes manually

Welding sleeves of the device are selected taking into account the diameter of the parts. They are then inserted into the welding mirror and secured well.

Contact surfaces are cleaned of dust and dirt. For cleaning, it is better to use a cleaning fluid recommended by the manufacturer of this product. The following may help with this work:

Chlorethylene.
Trichloroethane.
Ethyl or Isopropyl alcohol.

A certain temperature of the device is set. Typically, the thermistor should heat up within 250 - 270 degrees. This optimal temperature allows the correct connection to be achieved.

When the thermostat reaches the desired thermal level, the heating temperature of the welding mirror is checked. For this, a special thermal probe is used.

Polypropylene fittings for socket welding. Grinding depth and chamfer width.

The insertion depth “L1” is marked on the surface of the pipe. Taken from Table 2. Stripping must necessarily correspond to the insertion depth.

Insertion depth L1(mm): maximum insertion depth of the heated pipe into the fitting cup.

A longitudinal mark is applied to the outer surface of the pipe and fitting being welded. It makes it possible to avoid displacement of parts during connection.

They are then quickly removed and inserted into each other. The insertion depth of the fitting must be equal to the length L1, in accordance with the longitudinal notches.

Heating, welding and cooling times

When the surface of the elements has cooled sufficiently, it is necessary to conduct a hydraulic test.

Temperature ranges for resistance welding.

The changes in pressure and temperature during the butt welding process are shown in the figure below:

How to properly solder polypropylene pipes

Pipes;
fitting;
napkins;
gloves;
soldering iron;
pipe cutters;
roulette;
pencil;
level;
isopropyl alcohol.

‑channel “Do-it-yourself repairs”

Connecting polypropylene pipes is quite simple, but - as with any other structure - before starting work, it is advisable to prepare an approximate installation diagram.

3. Prepare your soldering iron

‑channel “Twice Father Dmitry”

Set the heating temperature to 260 °C and turn on the device. It will take 10–20 minutes to heat up. An LED indicator will indicate that it is ready for use. You need to wait about 5 more minutes before welding the first joint.

When polypropylene is heated, harmful fumes and smoke are released, which should not be inhaled. Therefore, ventilate the room while working.

4. Make markings

As you can see, the soldering depth depends on the diameter of the pipes and fittings.

‑channel FV Miano

termpro.ru

5. Cut the pipe

To cut polypropylene, special scissors are used, which are also called pipe cutters. They make it easy to cut off a thick-walled pipe and get smooth edges without burrs.

‑channel “Sergey Efimov”

It is important to get an even end so that the pipe fits evenly into the fitting and is soldered equally over the entire diameter. If you cut it at an angle, the protruding part will go in too deep and the molten polypropylene will squeeze out, reducing the inner diameter of the fitting.

If the edge turns out to be uneven and the margin allows, it is better to cut it again. If the length is close, trim the end, removing all excess with a sharp knife.

6. Degrease parts

‑channel "KaUT Company"

The same alcohol can easily erase all the inscriptions on the pipes and give them a more aesthetic appearance.

7. Heat the pipe and fitting

For a reliable connection, it is important not to overheat the polypropylene, otherwise the material will become fluid, melt and block the fitting from the inside.

‑channel “Twice Father Dmitry”

All specified data is valid for work at an ambient temperature of about 20 ° C. If the room is colder than 5 °C, the heating time approximately doubles.

8. Weld the joint

‑channel FV Miano

Hold the pipe and fitting motionless for about 5 seconds to ensure the joint locks into place. At this moment, it is allowed to rotate the connection no more than 10 degrees to correct its position.

The complete cooling time, after which the welding site can be loaded, ranges from 2 to 4 minutes.

9. Check the connection

‑channel FV Miano

Source: `https://Lifehacker.ru/kak-payat-polipropilenovye-truby/`

Time and temperature table for soldering polypropylene pipe

› Polypropylene ›

Types of polypropylene and its properties

Domestic industrial polypropylene is produced in accordance with the technical requirements of GOST 26996-86. It is classified into low and high pressure material and has the following physical and mechanical properties:

- Density, g/cm 3 – 880910;
- Moisture absorption, %, no more than – 0.03;
- Tensile strength, MPa – 130250;
- Impact strength, Nm, not less than – 0.4;

Rockwell hardness, HRB, no less than 65;
Thermal resistance limit, 0 C – 70115.

Along with its high impact strength and fusion welding reliability, polypropylene has good abrasion resistance and is also a good thermal and electrical insulator.

The chemical resistance of this plastic is excellent: the material is resistant to aqueous solutions of acids (with the exception of concentrated nitric acid), alkalis and salts, as well as most organic solvents.

Belonging to the group of thermoplastics, it can be used at temperatures up to 55.60 ° C under constant pressure conditions and at temperatures up to 80-110 ° C under gravity flow conditions.

For industrial applications, it is also important that polypropylene is the lightest of all thermoplastic grades.

Temperature and mechanical properties of polypropylene

Like any thermoplastic, polypropylene is characterized by a significantly different temperature dependence of plasticity. Moreover, welding defects that were carried out in the wrong temperature range cannot be corrected. If underheating can somehow be compensated for by increasing the soldering duration, then the overheated workpiece will receive lumpiness, sagging and other similar defects.

The choice of the best temperature range is determined by the dimensions of the cross-section of the pipe, the external temperature of the heating source and the environment, as well as the intensity of subsequent cooling of the junction. In particular, it is not recommended to perform soldering at subzero temperatures.

Regardless of the type of polypropylene, the minimum surface temperature depends on the required depth of heating of the material:

Up to 10 mm – 245 0 C;
Up to 16 mm – 250 0 C;
Up to 25 mm – 255 0 C;
Over 32 mm – 260 0 C.

In practice, the heating depth is 5..10 mm less than the outer diameter of the pipe.

Polypropylene (PP) pipelines are joined using pressure fusion welding. In this case, the fittings can be connected end-to-end, at the ends, or using intermediate parts. However, the second method is more labor-intensive, increases the overall dimensions of the reinforcement, and therefore is used much less frequently in practice.

The characteristics of polypropylene are influenced not only by temperature, but also by the speed of its propagation in the material. So, for example, with a normal temperature gradient of 0.5 min -1

The soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes is related to their strength, as shown in the table:

Polymer surface temperature, degrees	Mechanical characteristics
Tensile strength, MPa	Relative deformation before failure, %, no more
25	600	10
60	500	20
90	400	30
125	150	40

When maintaining a higher heating rate, the given indicators decrease proportionally.

The given table for soldering polypropylene pipes will change its values if the speed of the washing flow is different.

Effect of force and time

The heating time of the cross section is related to the temperature in the junction zone of two workpieces. It is believed that for polypropylene the following dependence is valid: up to 7 seconds of exposure for each millimeter of the outer diameter of the workpiece. If it is more than 20 mm, then the warm-up duration is increased by every second if the diameter increases by 35 mm.

If the heating is too long (necessary for workpieces with a diameter over 6075 mm), the structure of the thermoplastic changes for the worse. Therefore, when soldering large PP pipes, it is better to use a high-power soldering iron, or increase the external temperature (as is done in the case of using heat guns).

The influence of the clamping force affects not only the integrity of the seam, but also the appearance of the ends of the pipes being welded. Therefore, in especially critical cases, it is necessary to carry out controlled clamping of workpieces using a torque wrench. Tools with an electronic or dial indicator are suitable for clamping. The former are more convenient, since under constant soldering conditions the original settings can be saved.

Since the torque wrench scale is given in Nm, the resulting value must be divided by the outer radius of the pipe, and then by the cross-sectional area. The result obtained is compared with the tensile strength of the material (it is indicated in the table given earlier).

Summary table of soldering parameters and time

When soldering PP pipes, temperature and processing time are the most important parameters to consider. For conventional (non-reinforced) workpieces, the following practical data are relevant:

External diameter, mm	Wall thickness, mm	Heating time, s	Holding time, s	Cooling time, min
Up to 20	Up to 2	45	34	At least 2
Over 20	56	At least 3
Up to 20	More than 2	57	45
Over 20	78	At least 4

How to withstand temperature conditions

Under normal conditions, the quality of soldering is determined by the absence of deformation and distortion of the material in the weld zone. To do this, use a universal measuring tool - a caliper and a protractor. The most effective ways to increase the stability of soldering PP pipes are:

Reducing soldering time (if possible);
Application of programmable heat guns and automated tools;
Using a temperature sensor;
Application of forced air cooling of the junction area.

It is better to adjust the sensor to the temperature of the soldering iron tip than to the temperature of the joint - it varies greatly along the thickness of the pipe wall.

How to avoid mistakes when soldering polypropylene pipes with your own hands

Specialized devices usually provide good results, but what if you have to solder with what you have on hand? Here are some tips from experienced professionals:

It is important to choose the right equipment. For example, it could be a regular manual thermal cutter equipped with a temperature sensor. Models with an electromechanical drive are also suitable. For simple cases, you can even use a regular iron with a thermostat.
The pipes need to be held with clamps. They should be available in a sufficient range, since the diameters of pipes requiring soldering may change daily. The presser foot must perform two technological functions. Firstly, this is the achievement of a temperature effect when melting polypropylene, and secondly, a clear arrangement of the edges of the pipes to obtain the required dimensions of the connection.
The operation of soldering PP pipes is very delicate. In the molten state, plastic is very sensitive, so foreign particles can easily penetrate its structure and undesirably affect the strength properties of the pipeline. Therefore, the workpieces and cutting machine must be thoroughly cleaned, washed and dried.
How to solder polypropylene in hard-to-reach places or on the street? Often special hooks are provided for these purposes; it’s also a good idea to have an LED flashlight. The hook will allow you to hang the device if it is difficult to reach, and the flashlight will provide good visibility of the soldering area.
The pressure on the parts of the pipeline that are located in the joint area should not be excessive. The soft, softened plastic should mix to form a single structural mass at the connection point.

Heating temperature table for soldering polypropylene pipes

General influence of temperature during docking work

How to weld pipes by hand?

The nuances of maintaining the desired thermal regime

What temperature should the soldering iron be?

How long to heat up?

The most common mistakes

Conclusion

Types of soldering of polypropylene pipes, temperature of the welding machine

Selecting a welding machine

Selection of pipes, fittings

Preparation for work, iron temperature

Connecting elements

Soldering temperature table for polypropylene pipes - Pipes and plumbing

Existing methods for connecting PP pipes

Soldering with thermoelectric fittings

Diffuse welding of PP products

Technical parameters of soldering PP products

Tools required to solder PP pipeline

Do-it-yourself soldering of polypropylene pipe products, instructions

Soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes: table of values ​​+ instructions for self-welding

Soldering as a method of connecting PPR pipes

What do you need to know about polypropylene pipes?

Technological description of the soldering process

Standard temperature parameters

Detailed installation instructions

Stage #1 – preparation of special tools

Stage #2 – marking and cutting pipes

Stage #3 – connecting elements and heating

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes

general information

Soldering mode and its effect on the process

At what temperature should polypropylene pipes be soldered?

Types of polypropylene and its features

Soldering of polypropylene pipes

Soldering table for polypropylene pipes

How to weld polypropylene pipes manually

How to properly solder polypropylene pipes

3. Prepare your soldering iron

4. Make markings

5. Cut the pipe

6. Degrease parts

7. Heat the pipe and fitting

8. Weld the joint

9. Check the connection

Time and temperature table for soldering polypropylene pipe

Time and temperature table for soldering polypropylene pipe

Time and temperature table for soldering polypropylene pipe

Types of polypropylene and its properties

Heating temperature table for soldering polypropylene pipes

General influence of temperature during docking work

How to weld pipes by hand?

The nuances of maintaining the desired thermal regime

What temperature should the soldering iron be?

How long to heat up?

The most common mistakes

Conclusion

Types of soldering of polypropylene pipes, temperature of the welding machine

Stages of work

Selecting a welding machine

Selection of pipes, fittings

Preparation for work, iron temperature

Connecting elements

Soldering temperature table for polypropylene pipes - Pipes and plumbing

Existing methods for connecting PP pipes

Soldering with thermoelectric fittings

Diffuse welding of PP products

Technical parameters of soldering PP products

Tools required to solder PP pipeline

Do-it-yourself soldering of polypropylene pipe products, instructions

Soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes: table of values ​​+ instructions for self-welding

Soldering as a method of connecting PPR pipes

What do you need to know about polypropylene pipes?

Technological description of the soldering process

Standard temperature parameters

Detailed installation instructions

Stage #1 – preparation of special tools

Stage #2 – marking and cutting pipes

Stage #3 – connecting elements and heating

Soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes: table of values + instructions for self-welding

Soldering temperature of polypropylene pipes: table of values + instructions for self-welding

Source: `https://Lifehacker.ru/kak-payat-polipropilenovye-truby/`