Why do you need rosin for soldering?

Properties and characteristics of rosin, description of soldering technology, liquid flux and substitutes

During the soldering process, an oxidizing film is formed on the solder surface and parts, which negatively affects the joining process. To destroy it, rosin or a similar type of flux is used. Soldering technology depends on the correct preparation of parts, consumables and analysis of their properties.

What is rosin: advantages and disadvantages

This is the most common type of flux. The main manufacturing material is coniferous tree resin with minor additions of other substances. Rosin can be in solid, liquid or gel form. Traditionally, the material is used in the first state.

The basic requirements for composition and properties are set out in GOST 19113-84. The advantage is the elimination of oxide deposits at low temperatures from 150°C. The material has dielectric properties that do not affect the conductivity of the connection current.

Advantages of flux:

• low cost and availability;
• optimal melting temperature - 150°C;
• used for all types of soldering;
• does not change its properties under the influence of moisture, does not dissolve in water, alcohol, acetone;
• does not have a negative impact on health, the use of protective equipment is not necessary.

How to make liquid rosin

One of the disadvantages of flux in the solid state is the problem of dosage application. This is true for small soldering areas. The solution is to make liquid rosin.

For production you will need alcohol, preferably containing salicylic acid. You also need a mortar, pestle or similar devices. With their help, rosin is ground to a powdery state.

Procedure:

1. Fill an open container with solid flux.
2. Grind it to a powder.
3. Pour the resulting mixture with alcohol in a ratio of 1:1.15 (rosin powder/alcohol).
4. The container is closed and placed in hot water. Temperature – up to +80°С.
5. During the heating process, the solution must be shaken to ensure homogeneity of the mass.

It is recommended to pour the resulting liquid into syringes. This will facilitate the process of dosed delivery of rosin to the soldering site. An alternative is to use a regular brush for processing.

What can be replaced

The likelihood of rosin being unavailable in a nearby store or radio market is low. But sometimes, during a lot of work at home, the flux may run out. To avoid long trips, you can consider alternative replacement options.

Fluxes from improvised means:

• Aspirin tablet. This is not aggressive acetylsalicylic acid. To prepare the solution, you need to crush the tablet and dilute it with water. Disadvantage: an unpleasant odor occurs during operation.
• Natural fat. It is also a solvent for oxide film. Inconvenient to work with due to its consistency.
• Wood resin. Its properties are as close as possible to rosin. To improve performance, it is recommended to add a crushed aspirin tablet.
• Amber. It is not advisable to use, since its cost is much higher than traditional fluxes.

Apart from fat, all other substances are prepared before use - cleaned of dirt and dust, treated with water.

Soldering technology with rosin

To create optimal quality contact, a number of rules are followed. The desktop should have good lighting and there should be no objects that interfere with work. The room is ventilated, room temperature.

Rules for soldering using rosin:

• Clean contacts. Their surface is treated with a knife and sandpaper. This is necessary to eliminate oxidation.
• Tinning a soldering iron - its tip is covered with a layer of molten flux.
• The connection with solder is carried out immediately after tinning.

The video details the basics of soldering using rosin:

Source: https://ismith.ru/material/kanifol-dlya-pajki/

Why do you need rosin when soldering?

Rosin is an amorphous substance that is very fragile under mechanical shock. It is obtained from the resin of coniferous trees. The substance can be preserved in organic compounds, acetone, alcohol and so on. However, it does not dissolve in water.

Rosin is used not only for soldering, but also for other processes. It can be found in the production of paints and varnishes and in the production of smoke effects when filming films.

It is used as an element in the creation of plastics, and also as a tool for rubbing bows to increase the degree of friction against the strings.

Using rosin for soldering

Despite its variety of applications in other areas, it is best known as an additional consumable during soldering. Many people who deal with this issue know very well why rosin is needed when soldering. It is a very easy to melt material that melts under almost any high temperature exposure. There are several varieties of this material, but the one that is used for soldering is created in accordance with GOST 19113-84.

Soldering with rosin

What is rosin used for when soldering?

To answer this question, you need to know what flux is used for when soldering, since it is flux here. Its main feature is that even at a melting temperature of 150 degrees Celsius it can cope well with oxide films. These films form on the surface of the metals being soldered and prevent a good connection between the solder and the base metal. Rosin dissolves them almost instantly.

The material is a good dielectric, but there are no problems with finished solder joints that may lose conductivity quality. Another factor why rosin is needed when soldering is to improve soldering properties.

In some cases, this turns out to be difficult, so the metal does not flow as it should, therefore, using rosin helps get rid of some negative factors. The material is resistant to atmospheric moisture, but is also hygroscopic.

Many amateurs use it without even knowing why rosin is needed, but this can have a negative effect, since it is suitable for all types of compounds. As a rule, it is used in the simplest cases when it comes to home soldering. It is also used in the professional sphere, but not so often.

Advantages

• This is the simplest and most affordable flux that can be found in almost any market;
• The cost of rosin is relatively low, so it will cost less than any other flux;
• The material has a relatively low melting point, which allows it to be used even when soldering at low temperatures;
• Suitable for many soldering applications, especially at home;
• But it is exposed to moisture, and also has practically no shelf life;
• Fights oxide films on the surface;
• The material is non-toxic and can be used even without the use of special protective equipment.

Flaws

• Rosin has a relatively low activity, so after its first use you may not get the desired effect;
• The substance is hygroscopic, so even after soldering it can absorb moisture from steam, which leads to corrosion of the metal in the joint;
• This flux is not universal, so it can only be used for simple connections, therefore, soldering stainless steel and other complex procedures cannot be performed with its help;
• The material is quite fragile, therefore, during storage and transportation, all these features must be taken into account.

Kinds

There are several varieties, which determines what rosin is used for soldering. Here you need to highlight the main types:

• Resin - got its name due to the fact that it is obtained from the resin of coniferous trees. Pine is most often used, as it is the most affordable wood. The main distinguishing feature of this rosin is that it does not contain fatty acids.

Gum rosin

• Extraction – obtained through the extraction method. Gasoline is used for extraction, and coniferous wood is used as the main raw material. If we compare such material with gum rosin, then in this case it will be darker. It also has a lower softening point, which is 52-58 degrees Celsius. The acid number is approximately 15-155, and the fatty acid content reaches 12%. If you subject this rosin to chemical clarification, its properties will approach those of gum.
• Tallow is a by-product that is obtained in cellulose sulfate production. This material is obtained from sulphate soap. There are several varieties here, depending on the properties of the material. The highest grades are very similar in characteristics to gum rosin.

Tall rosin

How can I replace rosin for soldering?

Having examined in detail what rosin for soldering is, we have already found out that it is a flux. Thus, if it is not there, then you can use any other flux to replace it. When brazing occurs, this material may not even have the desired effect. Borax, which is a welding flux, is sometimes used as a replacement.

Soldering borax instead of rosin

Rosin soldering technology

Having found out why rosin is used for soldering, all that remains is to learn how to use it correctly. Before starting this process, you should clean the contacts and then tin them. To carry out tinning, the output of the part that will be soldered, you should place a piece of solid rosin on it, which has not been subjected to heat treatment. After this, you need to press it with a soldering iron heated to the desired temperature.

"Important!

To completely remove metal oxides and also improve the wetting process of the joint, you should ensure that this piece covers the surface of the material.”

After this, you can already melt the solder by placing it at the soldering point and running the soldering iron tip over it. If the material is poorly processed, then there is a possibility that the solder will not stick to the surface, so you should not skimp on rosin and sometimes it is better to take it with a reserve.

Under no circumstances should the parts be allowed to move until the composition has hardened. If tinning went well, then soldering will be almost instantaneous, since the solder completely envelops the prepared area and you just have to wait until it cools down.

All this practically does not depend on what type of rosin is used, since in practice they behave the same.

Source: https://svarkaipayka.ru/material/flyus-dlya-payki/dlya-chego-nuzhna-kanifol-pri-payke.html

What is rosin used for?

To understand this issue, it is necessary to consider the main features and characteristics. This consumable material acts as a flux during soldering. The melting point is 150°C, which is sufficient to combat oxide films. Melted rosin completely covers the working surface and removes this deposit, which affects the quality of the joint.

This consumable is considered a dielectric, but it does not affect the overall conductivity of the finished structure. Rosin is also necessary to improve soldering properties. For example, some metals spread when exposed to high temperatures, but flux prevents this from happening. In addition, it does not absorb moisture and is a hygroscopic material.

Many people are not even aware of the features of rosin and why it is needed when soldering. Most often it is used when soldering parts at home. It also occurs in industry, but is quite rare.

Main advantages

The positive aspects are the following:

• easy availability (it can be purchased at any store and outlet);
• low cost compared to other types of fluxes;
• the ability to carry out the soldering process at low temperatures;
• used for connecting parts, both at home and industrial;
• does not absorb moisture;
• long shelf life;
• removes oxide films formed on the surface of the part;
• Possibility of use without additional protective equipment.

Negative sides

The disadvantages of rosin are:

• low activity, so the desired result may not be obtained the first time;
• the flux is hygroscopic, that is, it is capable of releasing steam during soldering, which causes corrosion of the metal;
• used only for soldering parts made of simple metal, for example, a different flux is used for stainless steel;
• when exposed to mechanical loads, it is destroyed, which should be taken into account during storage and transportation.

Varieties

There are three main types of rosin, each of which has its own characteristics:

1. Zhivichnaya. It is obtained from the resin of coniferous trees; pine is most often used, since it is the easiest to acquire. That's why it got its name. A special feature is the absence of fatty acids, as it is made from natural ingredients.

2. Extraction. It received this name based on the method of its preparation - extraction. As in the previous case, the main material is coniferous trees, but there is also an innovation - gasoline must be present. The end result is rosin darker than gum. It loses its state of aggregation at low temperatures (about 52°C), and also contains fatty acids. You can improve its properties through chemical clarification.

3. Talovaya. This type of rosin is produced from sulfate soap. There are several types of flux, each of which has its own characteristics. For example, tallow rosin of the highest class has properties similar to gum.

What can be used instead of rosin?

As mentioned earlier, rosin is used as a flux. Therefore, it can be replaced with any other type of this consumable. Borax is often used as a replacement.

Soldering process

Having studied the basic properties of rosin, you can begin to consider soldering technology. Before starting, you should clean the part from rust and tinning it. To do this, a piece of rosin is applied to the surface and then subjected to heat treatment by pressing it with the heated end of a soldering iron.

Note! To get rid of the oxide film, as well as improve the connection of parts, you need to attach a piece that would cover the entire surface. If you take a small amount of it, the part will not stick to the surface, so you should not skimp on this material.

Having placed the solder near the joint, it is melted using a heated soldering iron. Next, you should ensure that the structure does not move until it hardens completely. This time depends on how the tinning was carried out. Under normal conditions, hardening occurs quickly. It doesn’t matter at all what type of rosin you take, since in practice they behave the same.

Source: https://svarkagid.com/dlja-chego-nuzhna-kanifol-pri-pajke/

Why do you need rosin when soldering: production, properties and application - Machine

Failure of an electrical appliance requires its repair.

The main causes of breakdowns of modern equipment are failed circuit boards, capacitors, and other products, the fastening of which is carried out by soldering.

With certain skills, a home craftsman can repair the device himself, but this will require the accompanying raw materials. Soldering occurs using solder and an electric soldering iron.

Rosin

What is rosin

Flux in the solid state is a brittle amphora substance consisting of glassy pieces. What rosin is made from is produced by purifying the resins of coniferous plants by special chemical reactions.

Rosin for soldering is used to resist oxidative processes that can destroy the connection during operation, an element that is resistant to loss of chemical properties when exposed to high temperatures.

The composition of rosin allows metals to be reliably joined by soldering.

The liquid state when heated promotes the spreading of the material over the elements in the desired shape. Before you find out what rosin is needed for, it is important to understand the chemical properties of the composition. The raw material from which the resin is made has dielectric properties, but this does not affect the ability of the connection to transmit electric current.

Standardized parameters of rosin according to GOST 19113-84

Download GOST 19113-84 “Pine rosin”

In the field of radio repair, rosin is the most affordable flux option. Some beginners who have no experience in soldering do not realize what rosin is and use it everywhere.

It is possible to make a mistake with this approach, since the product does not apply to all types of connections. The product is mainly used at home, with infrequent use, because...

The flux has an unlimited shelf life due to its simple design.

Methods of obtaining

Varieties of rosin come from the method of production, composition and physical state. The main differences in production methods are the substances from which the composition is extracted.

Obtaining rosin

The material is divided into three categories: gum, tallow and extraction resin for soldering.

1. Gum rosin is produced by processing the resin of coniferous trees; the main plant is pine, due to its availability and prevalence. The main distinguishing point can be seen in the absence of fatty acids, the use of which is not available in some works.
2. The extraction base is produced by extracting gasoline and the main component - a share of pine tree wood. It is distinguished by a lower temperature softening threshold and dark color. The melting point starts from 52 degrees, the acid number varies from 145 to 175. The presence of fatty acids in the composition is 10%; if the substance is chemically clarified, it will be more similar to a gum substance.
3. In sulfate-cellulose production, a by-product is released - tallow rosin. It is divided into several grades according to quality and purpose, the method of production from sulfate soap. More expensive varieties are not inferior in properties to the natural product.

A detailed acquaintance with the basis of the craft leads to the conclusion that it belongs to the category of fluxes. In cases where the required item is not at hand, you can use a welding drill.

Rosin is sold in a diluted and pure form. Purified raw materials exist in the form of sticks or pieces. Liquid type fluxes are more expensive and difficult to produce.

The simplest version is alcohol-containing, consisting of a solution of rosin and alcohol, diluted in almost equal proportions.

This solution does not cause reactions when used, prevents corrosion and does not conduct electric current.

Gum rosin according to GOST 19113-84

Making an alcohol solution can be done at home. It is important to follow the sequence of actions:

• Ethyl alcohol is required in small quantities, with a strength of at least 70°. You can find it in a pharmacy or places where similar products are sold.
• Gum rosin is crushed to a sandy state with a mortar, after which alcohol must be added in a ratio of 70 to 30.
• If you don’t have alcohol on hand, you can use a similar solvent, such as gasoline or acetone. It is necessary to add the softened substance in small portions, stirring until completely dissolved.

A more modern model of the solution has glycerin instead of alcohol. Preparation takes place in the same way; this material is more convenient to use.

It can be directly applied to parts to be soldered and has a more solid form relative to the solution. Some solders are sold with ready-made flux in the middle of the wire.

The option is convenient for operation, however, the high price and absence in small retail outlets can lead to the exploitation of tallow rosin.

Obtaining liquid rosin

Pine rosin has the following characteristics:

• The boiling point starts at 250 °C, depending on the composition and added impurities.
• Softening occurs at the threshold of 52-72 °C.
• Thermal conductivity of the element is 0.1 kcal/m, calorific value is 9100 kcal/kg.
• Expansion in the molten state is equal to a coefficient of 0.05, acid number from 145 to 175.

The main type of material is transparent colophon resin, applied in a solid state, and has a light yellow tint. The basis for high-quality production of products is abietic acid, which occupies a large share in the composition of the substance.

Properties of rosin

Low-temperature flux, used with low-melting solders; the melting temperature does not allow the use of rosin when working with solid soldering elements. The main properties are determined by the composition and method of preparation; even expensive varieties are not highly active.

Properties of rosin

The product can be used several times in inexperienced hands.

Rosin has the relative advantage of having increased spreadability, thus exposure to low temperatures can reliably place the material in place.

This property allows work in hard-to-reach places and helps remove oxidized deposits from the surface of the product being repaired. The liquid substance spreads or is applied to the product in advance, thereby working without temperature effects.

Properties may differ due to the presence of chemical additives. The melting point of rosin starts at 52 °C, regardless of the brand.

The main component of a quality product is abietic acid of the hydrochloric type, with a ratio of 60 to 90%. The amount of acid is determined by the purpose; more expensive brands have a high rosin content.

The basis for natural varieties is about 20% neutral substances, the amount of chemical acids reaches up to 10% by using a certain production method.

Liquid varieties contain thinner, ether, alcohol, gasoline, etc.

Before using rosin, it is important to understand that it cannot be used with refractory solders. The boiling point is 250 °C, in this state the substance evaporates. Flux is defined as an auxiliary raw material, with the help of which the surface is cleaned from oxidation, dirt and other unsatisfactory influences during soldering.

The composition and properties of rosin allow it to dissolve various oxides consisting of copper, tin, or lead when heated.

Due to its characteristic feature of removing oxides, it is used for cleaning metal during soldering. The product is often used at home; on production lines, solder is used with the addition of flux to the composition.

Using rosin for soldering

The most common method of soldering with colophon resin:

• the soldering iron is prepared for work by heating to operating temperature;
• at the end of the tip of the tool there is a substance of a low-melting type, it is used as solder, usually consisting of casting lead with the addition of zinc, cadmium or bismuth;
• Together with the substance, the soldering iron is lowered into the flux, the characteristic smoke indicates the reaction has taken place, the process occurs as quickly as possible, until evaporation.

The method is used if you have some experience; some difficulties may arise during the work for inexperienced craftsmen.

Rosin soldering technique

Any work can be made easier with the use of certain products, soldering materials is no exception. To work, you will need a liquid flux base - ethyl alcohol. Manufacturing is possible with your own efforts; it is enough to grind the product and mix it with a solvent.

Soldering with rosin

The liquid solution allows you to penetrate hard-to-reach places and is applied directly to the area of ​​the object.

1. Application is done using a brush or toothpick, after which a soldering iron is prepared.
2. Solder is applied to the heated soldering iron in the required quantities, depending on the size of the joint. A large amount of solder can touch adjacent contacts, which will disrupt the operation of the device being repaired.
3. The solder is distributed evenly, a reliable connection can be achieved by pressing the element to the board with little force.
4. After lowering the temperature, the flux residues are removed, because it can spread onto adjacent parts and disrupt electrical conductivity.

This method is more convenient and helps to connect even small parts. The soldering iron is used depending on the connection; the temperature regime is selected based on the melting parameters of the solder.

Every radio amateur should know this: the difference between rosin and gumboil

Before starting to solder metals, many people wonder what to choose - flux or rosin. Knowing the difference between rosin and flux, you can solder metals together without worrying about the quality of the seam. A properly selected substance will ensure good melting of the solder and a strong connection of surfaces. To reliably fasten tin, copper, brass, iron, silver, nickel or stainless steel together, you should pay attention to auxiliary substances.

Features of rosin

Rosin is a substance consisting of resin acids and their isomers. It is obtained from the resin of coniferous trees, therefore it has a characteristic resinous odor and has an ocher, yellow, orange or red tint.

  The scope of application of this chemical compound is wide: light industry (production of eco-leather, plastic, rubber, paint and varnish products, etc.)

d); food industry (additive E915); art (rubbing parts of bowed musical instruments); sports (prevention of slipping in ballet, baseball, weightlifting); electrical engineering and electronics (soldering).

soldering rosin

Rosin is optimal for soldering because:

• Provides a quick tinning process;
• guarantees the strength of the contact point;
• if necessary, it can be easily removed from surfaces;
• not exposed to moisture;
• does not enter into a chemical reaction with the surfaces to be joined;
• non-toxic.

Typically, soldering uses solid rosin, which is sold in the form of glassy bars or powder. However, some technicians prefer liquid rosin. It contains organic compounds, which make it convenient to apply the substance to small surfaces. The brush included in the bottle allows you to use this liquid precisely. Residues can be removed with alcohol or water.

It is necessary to use rosin in order to get rid of oxide films covering any metal surfaces. The abietic acid contained in rosin ensures instant dissolution of such deposits, while ensuring good spreading of the metal.

Flux: what is it?

Flux is a substance that ensures strong contact between parts to be soldered. Thanks to its use, the surface of the metals being joined is cleaned, the working surfaces do not oxidize during and after soldering. This guarantees a strong bond between metal atoms and prevents corrosion. Flux and the surfaces being joined usually do not react chemically with each other (with the exception of those intended for reactive flux soldering).

liquid flux in a bottle with a brush

The following fluxes are commonly used for soldering:

• ammonia;
• borax;
• orthophosphoric acid;
• acetylsalicylic acid;
• zinc chloride, etc.

Each of them is used based on the physical and chemical characteristics of the surfaces being joined. For example, phosphoric acid should be used to join surfaces made of aluminum and stainless steel, zinc chloride is best for joining ferrous metals, borax is suitable for stainless and heat-resistant steels.

Many fluxes are a complex mixture of chemical components. Thus, the combination of potassium, zinc and lithium chloride with sodium fluoride is intended to dissolve aluminum oxides. By combining borax, boric acid and a saturated solution of zinc chloride, you can obtain a high-quality substance for soldering stainless steel.

soldering using flux

Note that in order to independently produce a multicomponent compound, you need at least some knowledge in the field of chemistry, knowledge of proportions, high-quality ingredients and personal protective equipment. Therefore, if you want to solder parts at home, it is best to purchase flux at a specialized store. Today, the range of soldering substances offered is quite wide.

The safest and most popular flux is rosin. This substance is the most common because it has a very affordable price and can be purchased on any market. Unlike other fluxes, rosin can melt at relatively low temperatures (from 52 degrees Celsius), so it is also used for soldering at home.

Are there any differences between rosin and flux?

Apart from being more popular among technicians, rosin has no fundamental differences from other fluxes. Like these substances, rosin also performs a utilitarian function - it guarantees the stability of the adhesion site. It can also be used in both solid and liquid aggregate states, depending on the type of solder.

There are no differences in the method of application: any auxiliary substance is applied to a previously cleaned surface; if there is excess, it is subsequently carefully removed. Another (and important) quality of all fluxes is that they are produced in accordance with GOST, so good soldering quality is guaranteed.

Is rosin a flux or a substance for another purpose? This question may concern all those who in practice are faced with the need to solder metal surfaces.

Thus, the choice between rosin or flux is a problem related more to generic concepts than to significantly different materials. Flux has many varieties - salts, acids, other chemical compounds - one of which is rosin. To decide which one is best to use for electrical work, you need to take into account the composition of the surfaces to be joined, their surface tension, degree of contamination and other physical and chemical factors.

Source: https://svarkaed.ru/rashodnye-materialy/flyus-i-svarochnaya-provoloka/raznitsa-mezhdu-kanifolyu-i-flyusom.html

How rosin is used in soldering

Fluxes are used for soldering many metals and alloys. Their functions include removing the oxide coating from the part, inhibiting oxidation processes during operation, and ensuring the formation of a high-quality connection.

Rosin for soldering is one of the simplest and most affordable types of flux materials. This tool has been successfully used from ancient times to the present high-tech time.

There are many modern compositions, but the habit of using rosin flux among many solders remains unchanged.

What it is

Everyone knows this word, but not many people know the details about rosin. It is useful for regular users to know the composition and properties of rosin flux so that soldering is successful.

Rosin is a substance that looks like glass. It can have all shades of beige, yellow, brown. It dissolves well in pure alcohol and benzene, less so in gasoline and kerosene, and does not dissolve at all in water.

The main active ingredient is resin acids, the concentration of which can reach 80-92%. The amount of higher fatty acids is noticeable, the mass fraction of which varies from 0.5% to 12%.

Receipt methods

Rosin is found in pines, cedars, and larches. It is obtained from these trees or wood raw materials. Rosin production is carried out using two main technologies, which determine the types of natural flux for soldering. The composition and characteristics of both products are controlled by state standards.

Pine rosin is obtained by distilling off the volatile fraction of oleoresin - a liquid that is released from cuts in the bark of coniferous trees. In parallel, turpentine is collected in the receivers, the mass fraction of which is 1/3 of the total product.

In addition, there is a method for producing rosin from waste of finely chopped wood. This product is called tallow. A separate group of natural resins isolated from old stumps and roots is called extraction rosin.

Gasoline is used as an extractant in the production process. Such a product is not widely used due to the laboriousness of obtaining the raw material, which is called stump tar.

Stumps need to be collected only 10 or even 15 years after cutting down the forest. It is difficult to imagine the details of organizing such production in large volumes required for soldering.

During paper production, tall oil is accumulated as waste, from which tall rosin is distilled.

Properties

All types of rosin for soldering go on sale in three grades: “highest”, “first” and “second”.

Tall rosin softens in the temperature range from 56 ℃ for second-grade samples to 60 ℃ for top-grade samples. The maximum ash content can reach 0.06%, mechanical impurities - 0.03%.

Tall rosin burns well. During storage, it should not heat up to more than 80 degrees. At a temperature of about 400 degrees it can ignite spontaneously.

An important characteristic of many compositions is the acid number, which reflects the amount of free acids in the product. It is measured in mg of KOH required for neutralization.

The acid number of tall rosin falls within the range of 154 – 165 mg KOH per 1 g of product.

Pine rosin may contain water impurities in amounts reaching 0.2% of the total mass. This is apparently explained by the fact that it is extracted from resin.

The pine product contains a maximum of 0.04% ash, and no more than 0.04% mechanical impurities. The acid number of pine rosin varies from 166 to 169 mg KOH required to neutralize 1 g of product.

Consequently, rosin from pine resin has a slightly more acidic character than the tall product.

The softening temperature range of pine rosin varies from 66 for second-grade samples to 69 ℃ for premium-grade samples. The temperature at which the mass can ignite itself is 321 °C. Rosin for soldering should be stored at room temperature.

Extraction rosin is rare. Its technical characteristics leave much to be desired. Thus, the content of basic resin substances is only 75%. This is almost 20% less than other types of rosin.

How to solder

There are a number of mandatory stages when performing soldering. First of all, the surface of metal parts must be mechanically cleaned of dirt, oxides, and impurities.

Then the rosin for soldering needs to be warmed up well. Despite the fact that the flux begins to melt at a temperature less than 70 ℃, it needs to be heated with a large margin.

You can bring the temperature to +130. The heated tip of the soldering iron should easily enter the rosin mass. This usually produces a slight smoke.

The next soldering step depends on the type of work ahead. If you need to solder thin wires, you can start working right away. If the working area is larger, it must be preheated.

If you apply solder and flux to a cold surface, the temperature of the future seam will drop sharply. To solder large parts, pre-heating of the working area is required, after which the solder mass will be well distributed over the entire surface.

The soldering iron tip must be clean and warm. If it has not been used for a long time, you can clean the tip with a brush or sandpaper before soldering. Tin is then applied to the tip.

The process is called tip tinning. If the tip has been recently used and there is still some solder on it, that's good. You can immediately dip it in rosin and start soldering.

stage – fixation of parts to be soldered; applying first flux to the area of ​​the future seam, then solder. The entire molten mass must be evenly distributed with a soldering iron tip. After cooling, soldering is completed.

Application benefits

The use of rosin is convenient due to the following advantages:

• availability of flux for sale;
• acceptable price;
• low softening temperature;
• Can be used for many types of soldering;
• ease of use at home;
• long shelf life;
• harmlessness.

The natural product ensures the removal of oxide impurities, inhibits oxidation during the soldering process, and creates the prerequisites for the formation of a high-quality and durable seam.

Alcohol composition

In some situations, when soldering hard-to-reach places, not solid rosin is used as a consumable, but a ready-made alcohol solution of a natural product.

The flux, known under the abbreviation SKF, contains 60% pure alcohol.

The rest of the mass is occupied by rosin itself. Instead of alcohol, you can use acetone. True, its smell is less pleasant.

Liquid flux is inexpensive and has good technical characteristics. Its consistency can be easily changed by increasing the amount of solvent. So, when working, more liquid compositions that have the consistency of a solution are used.

For soldering ordinary parts, the mass is made in the form of a viscous slurry. Any work with solvents should be carried out with good ventilation. Inhalation of released vapors and sublimating particles of the flux mass is harmful to the respiratory tract of the master.

Soldering with tubular solders

Consumables available on sale are rods made of tin and lead. Flux rosin is placed inside along the entire length. This filler material is used in many types of soldering.

It is easy and convenient to use. The end of the rod is brought into the working area. It melts, allowing both flux and molten solder to enter the weld area. This is how soldering is carried out, which does not require careful preparation of the surface before starting work.

When choosing materials for soldering, you should pay attention to information about the manufacturers. All products must comply with GOST standards.

Source: https://svaring.com/soldering/flus/kanifol-dlja-pajki

Rosin

Failure of an electrical appliance requires its repair. The main causes of breakdowns of modern equipment are failed circuit boards, capacitors, and other products, the fastening of which is carried out by soldering. With certain skills, a home craftsman can repair the device himself, but this will require the accompanying raw materials. Soldering occurs using solder and an electric soldering iron.

Rosin

Features of rosin for soldering

Household appliances and other electronics can break down at any time. If the damage is not serious, you can try to solder the loose contacts or radio components. To make the connection reliable, use a soldering iron, solder and rosin for soldering.

What is rosin used for?

Not many people know why rosin is used for soldering. To answer this question, you need to understand that this is a resinous substance that is a flux. When connecting parts with a soldering iron, an oxide film forms on the surface being processed. It prevents the solder from joining the parts. To remove this film, you need to use flux or rosin. The resinous substance effectively copes with this task at temperatures above 150 degrees.

Rosin is used in soldering to improve connection parameters. It will help cope with problems associated with insufficient solder fluidity. It can slowly fill the joint and reduce the strength of the joint. The resinous substance is used mainly for home renovation work. The production uses serious compounds with enhanced characteristics and properties.

Resin can be used not only for soldering radio components and wires.
Varnishes and paints are made on its basis. It is one of the components in the manufacture of plastics. It is used to process strings on musical instruments. In the film industry, rosin is used to create effects. Rosin, properties of rosin and features when soldering

Advantages and disadvantages

Rosin for soldering has strengths and weaknesses. Advantages:

1. Does not conduct electricity.
2. It is an accessible and inexpensive material for soldering. This is due to the fact that the materials for making rosin are distributed all over the world.
3. Effectively removes oxide film from the surface of the processed material.
4. It does not dissolve in water and therefore the liquid cannot wash away the resinous layer.
5. Retains its characteristics at negative temperatures.
6. Safe for the human body. The resinous material does not emit harmful fumes and does not require the use of additional protective equipment.

Flaws:

1. For a resin-based composition to show its effectiveness, you must be able to work with it. It is recommended to practice on non-working parts or mechanisms.
2. Rosin is not effective when working with large parts.
3. A fragile material that must be transported and stored carefully.

Safe for the human body

How can I replace rosin for soldering?

Sometimes home craftsmen have a question about what can replace rosin. In this case, any tin-based flux will do. When using a blowtorch, liquid compounds are used because solid flux will not bring the desired result. Borax can be used instead of rosin.

Why do you need rosin for soldering: production, properties and application

If an electrical appliance breaks down, any device needed at home or at work, the cause of the breakdown may be a non-functional microcircuit, or a broken chip on the motherboard, it may be necessary to connect diodes to the pad, and so on. All these and other similar problems can be easily eliminated at home with the help of special tools and materials, having certain skills.

A technician who understands the ingenious design of microcircuits, wires and other parts of its components will not have much difficulty quickly fixing the breakdown. Often problems can be solved by soldering the detached element. One of the materials needed for soldering is rosin .

Where else can resin be used?

This resin is used not only as a flux for soldering . It is also used for many other purposes:

• in the production of various varnishes and paints;
• as one of the materials used in the manufacture of plastics;
• when processing strings and bows for musical instruments;
• for rubbing the soles of ballet shoes;
• to create a smoke screen effect and other effects in the film industry.

Soldering at home

Soldering is a special technique by which metal elements are firmly bonded to each other using molten solder. In everyday life, you can fasten parts together using an ordinary soldering iron.

Before you start soldering, you need to clean the surfaces of the parts that will adhere to each other using a file or sandpaper. Then they must be degreased using a solvent or cleaned using gasoline and lubricated with flux.

Flux is a substance with which oxide films, other contaminants and excess fat are removed from the surface of a metal. In addition, flux protects metals from possible oxidation. A special substance, rosin, is often used as such a flux.

Rosin flux is mainly used for soldering at home. When carrying out industrial soldering, resin is used in smaller quantities compared to fluxes made from other substances.

Due to the property of rosin to dissolve oxides of tin, as well as copper and lead when heated, this substance can be used in electrical work as a special natural flux - a component with antioxidant properties. Thanks to this characteristic feature, this substance is able to clean metal surfaces during soldering. With its help, spreading is also improved and the surface tension of the substance used as solder is practically leveled.

In order to ensure high technological efficiency of the process of using flux during soldering, several types of such components are produced, made on the basis of colophon resin (they can be solid, liquid and gel-like):

1. Solid flux. This type of component for soldering and tinning parts has been used for quite a long time and is the most popular. It has both its obvious advantages and disadvantages. The latter include the fact that when using solid flux it is difficult to maintain accuracy when applying it to hard-to-reach soldering areas.
2. Flux based on alcohol solution. This component is universal. It can be used when soldering both small and large parts. The main advantage of this method is the easy way to apply it with a brush.
3. Gel-based rosin flux. The viscous consistency of the gel allows you to quickly apply the substance to the surface. Using the gel, it is easier to treat the most inaccessible areas of the surface of parts that will be soldered. This ensures the most accurate dosing of the flux substance. The gel does not dry out too quickly compared to alcohol fluxes and is more pliable than solid rosin flux.

Having studied the properties and characteristics of Colophon resin and fluxes made on its basis, you can begin the soldering process. How does it happen?

The soldering process using rosin occurs in several ways.

First way.

1. Heat the soldering iron to the required temperature.
2. A small amount of low-melting substance used as solder is placed on the tip of the soldering iron. It could be tin, lead, copper, antimony, bismuth, zinc, cadmium.
3. Dip the soldering iron tip along with the selected solder into the rosin to collect the resinous substance. It should be taken into account that when the soldering iron is fully heated, a slight smoke should appear.
4. As quickly as possible - before the resin evaporates - the necessary parts are soldered.

The method described above requires speed, attention and high precision. To complete it, you need to have certain skills and abilities. Therefore, soldering can be done using rosin and another method .

1. The most common ethyl alcohol is used as the basis for the flux.
2. Rosin powder is added to the alcohol solution. The suspension is mixed well and left until the rosin is completely dissolved.
3. An alcohol solution of colophon resin is applied with a brush to the parts that will be connected by soldering.
4. The soldering iron is dipped into the solder and removed only when the soldering iron tip is completely covered with a shiny film.
5. Grab a little more molten solder and quickly transfer it to the places of future soldering.
6. Distribute the solder evenly over the entire surface - they deserve the place of future soldering.
7. In the same way, the required mass of solder is transferred, which is required for strong adhesion at the junction points.
8. After the joints have cooled, they are wiped with a damp soft cloth and allowed to dry.
9. The resulting joint is processed using a file. You can use fine-grained sandpaper instead.
10. Wipe the surface with a dry cloth.

Using these methods, parts are soldered using rosin.

Benefits of using rosin

The obvious advantages of using this substance for soldering include the following.

1. Rosin is a dielectric and has excellent insulating properties.
2. It can be easily purchased. Rosin is an affordable material sold in any store that has a hardware department.
3. Budget price compared to other materials used as a flux for soldering.
4. The ability to carry out soldering with its help even at low air temperatures.
5. It can be used both when working in a home workshop and on an industrial scale.
6. Rosin is not exposed to moisture since it does not dissolve in water.
7. Has a relatively long shelf life.
8. Degreases parts and removes oxide films from them.
9. Rosin can be used without additional protection.
10. This material is non-toxic and can be used without the use of additional protective equipment.

The disadvantages of using rosin include:

1. Quite low activity of the substance. Due to this property, the spike may not be able to be used immediately. The process of using rosin requires certain skills and experience. In the future, parts can be processed much faster with its help.
2. Flux based on this substance is capable of not releasing steam during soldering. Such hygroscopicity can cause corrosion of the metal being processed during soldering.
3. Rosin is used when processing small parts made of simple metals. To process large parts and stainless steel, fluxes from other materials are used.
4. Rosin is a rather fragile, easily crumbling material that can be destroyed under certain mechanical loads. This property of this substance must be taken into account when transporting. Rosin must be packaged especially carefully during transportation.

As a conclusion, it can be noted that soldering modern parts, especially microcircuit elements, various chips, and other components used in radio and electrical engineering is a rather complicated process that requires certain skills, especially speed of reaction, attentiveness and accuracy.

Various materials are used for soldering work, among which rosin has special properties. Due to these qualities, when used correctly, this substance does not react with the metals of the elements bonded during soldering and with solder materials.

Due to the presence of several varieties and thanks to the convenient forms in which it is produced, rosin remains one of the most popular fluxes used in soldering parts in electrical engineering.

Source: https://tokar.guru/hochu-vse-znat/chto-takoe-kanifol-i-dlya-chego-ona-nuzhna.html