What is rosin used for when soldering?

Why use rosin for soldering?

When high-quality and fast soldering is required, [it is advisable to use rosin].

Anyone who loved to solder at home as a child or attended amateur radio clubs definitely had these amber pieces in their arsenal, but rarely thought about why rosin was needed.

Let's look at its useful properties when soldering and what can replace it.

Technology and terminology

The starting material for the production of rosin is ordinary pine resin, which, in addition to rosin, contains volatile turpentine compounds.

The manufacturing process involves purifying the rosin by evaporating these compounds.

For those who have never used a soldering iron, but are planning to learn how to solder, it will be useful to know some technical terms.

Soldering is the process of connecting two radio components together through heating.

The soldering tool is a soldering iron, usually powered by 220 mains power with a rated power of 40W.

The soldering process is carried out using a soldering iron tip due to the fact that solder heated to a high temperature grabs two parts together, filling the space between them.

GOST defines solder as a metal or an alloy of several metals. According to GOST, 26 categories of solder are defined depending on the element used.

The most popular alloy is lead and tin in various proportions. Price also plays an important role in popularity.

Solders always have a lower melting point than the parts to be joined.

According to GOST, according to their temperature properties, solders are divided into soft ones, which melt at temperatures up to 450 degrees Celsius (with subcategories of particularly low-melting ones - up to 145 ° C and hard ones with a melting point of 450 degrees Celsius and above (categories of medium-melting - up to 1100 ° C, high-melting - from 1100 to 1850ºС and refractory – over 1850).

GOST divides solders into fluxing and self-fluxing; they have different melting points.

Most often, solders look like a silver-colored metal tube or like a hollow cylinder filled with rosin, which acts as a flux.

Flux is a composition (liquid or solid) that promotes better contact of parts being soldered and prevents metal oxidation on working surfaces.

Requirements for fluxes are also determined by GOST; they have different prices.

IMPORTANT TO KNOW: Argon welding (argon arc) - technology and equipment

For a beginner, solder with rosin will be more convenient, while experienced craftsmen like to solder with ordinary solder, choosing a flux depending on the soldering conditions and the material of the parts.

If simple soldering of copper parts will be carried out, then you can use rosin; its low price makes it a convenient consumable.

When more complex soldering is carried out, instead of one universal one, a flux is used that is suitable for all parts.

Technical requirements for the use of rosin for soldering, its composition, melting temperature and characteristics are determined by GOST 19113-84.

The main material for rosin is pine resin - the raw material for many types of industry and an auxiliary element for soldering.

It is a composition in the form of a mixture of abietic resin acid with several other isomers of resin acids.

Lacking a crystalline structure, it is an amorphous, glass-like, brittle substance with a wide range of colors from pale yellow to dark brown.

In composition, it is a glassy, ​​transparent mass with inclusions of air bubbles, with minor inclusions of mechanical impurities, a mass fraction of water not exceeding 0.2%.

It is absolutely insoluble in water, but easily dissolves under the influence of alcohol and acetone. Rosin softening occurs at a temperature not lower than 66-69ºС, depending on the variety.

Mastering soldering with rosin

The composition of rosin for improving soldering is manufactured and sold both in pure solid form and in the form of liquid or viscous fluxes, its price varies.

The most common is alcohol-rosin flux (brand “SKF”), which according to GOST consists of a 40% rosin solution and pure ethyl alcohol.

It is this flux with rosin that is a dielectric, unlike ammonium chloride flux. In addition to the technical properties of this flux, the low price is important.

Instead of liquid flux, you can use solid rosin; it is also available in stores for radio amateurs.

The price of one kilogram of solid rosin ranges from 400 to 500 rubles. When rosin is purchased, a soldering iron and regular solder (tin) are available, we get to work.

If you have not had to solder before, then first read the video instructions. The technology of soldering using rosin is presented in the video.

IMPORTANT TO KNOW: Features of copper argon welding

To solder firmly and correctly, follow the following sequence.

Soldering iron preparation - tinning. It involves stripping the soldering iron tip with files and then coating it with a thin layer of solder.

Warm up the tip and put a small amount of rosin on it, then immediately connect it to the solder. As you can see in the video, the solder does not stick to the tip, and we need to ensure that it is evenly covered with solder.

Therefore, we apply the sting to a natural board (pine is best, but you can use any) for a short time. We repeat the sequence.

After several cycles we will achieve the desired result. Preparation of surfaces to be soldered.

Let's tin the wire, to do this we will clear it of the insulating layer, but only as much space as we need for soldering.

If a larger surface of the wire is exposed than is required for soldering, then this, of course, is convenient for a beginner; this is precisely the reason why short circuits and fires occur in the circuit.

Typically, pure copper wire can be tinned after one rosin-solder cycle.

Let's dip the wire in rosin, apply a hot tip to the top of the bare surface and lift the wire.

The rosin mass will smoke and flow around the wire, after which all we have to do is cover the soldering area with tin. To do this, pick up tin from the solder with a hot tip and transfer it to the wire.

If the wire turns from copper-yellow to silver, then it is considered correctly tinned. When you need to connect two wires by soldering, both need to be tinned in the same way.

Let's look at how to prepare a copper part for soldering to which you need to solder a wire. Dip the heated tip into the rosin and immediately into the solder.

Now we have a rosin-tin mixture at the tip of the sting. It needs to be thoroughly rubbed over the surface of the part at the soldering site.

Tinning is done correctly if the place where soldering will be done turns silver.

Instead of solid rosin, you can use any flux.

In order to properly solder the tinned parts, we connect them together, pick up tin with a heated soldering iron (it can be replaced with any other clean solder), and cover the joint of the parts with a hot compound.

If it was not possible to enrich the joint of the parts immediately, then you can touch the soldering iron with tin again.

Now avoid moving the parts under the hot solder and allow the soldering to cool completely. The parts are coated in tin using rosin.

IMPORTANT TO KNOW: Tips for welding aluminum with electrodes

If you notice that the enveloping is not going well, then add as much rosin as required, but in small portions.

Let's look at how to properly unsolder parts. We heat up the tip and apply it to the soldering area. This will melt the solder and the parts will easily separate from each other.

Now dip the brush into the solvent and remove the remaining flux and rosin from the surface of the parts.

Secrets of soldering with rosin

There is no difficulty in soldering work, but, as in any type of work, it is necessary to master the basics and carry out a series of training solderings.

If you have never worked with a soldering iron before, try soldering copper wires using ordinary solder and rosin.

Free access to parts from all sides, the ability to combine them quite tightly are good conditions for developing soldering skills, and using rosin separately will teach you how to dose the required amount.

Please note the following points:

• The cleanliness of contacts for tinning before soldering must be ensured properly, this is the price of strong soldering. After cleaning the surfaces to be joined with a knife, go over them with sandpaper. The goal is to make the metal surfaces of parts brighter, and therefore free of copper oxidizing agents;
• Prepare as much surface as you need for soldering with rosin. If the first time you managed to tin a larger surface than required, redo it by taking new wires;
• If there is not enough solder or flux, leave the soldering to harden. When you try to rub hot compound over a surface, you break the solder joint, which will cause cracks. It is better to wait until it cools completely and solder the remaining surfaces using a new composition.

We looked at how to work with a soldering iron correctly, for what you can and should use fluxes and rosin, highlighted several points that will help you learn to solder better, and showed video instructions for working with a soldering iron.

Now you can easily master soldering with rosin at home.

Source: https://rezhemmetall.ru/kanifol-dlya-pajki.html

Rosin properties and application - Folk remedies

Failure of an electrical appliance requires its repair.

The main causes of breakdowns of modern equipment are failed circuit boards, capacitors, and other products, the fastening of which is carried out by soldering.

With certain skills, a home craftsman can repair the device himself, but this will require the accompanying raw materials. Soldering occurs using solder and an electric soldering iron.

Rosin

What is rosin

Flux in the solid state is a brittle amphora substance consisting of glassy pieces. What rosin is made from is produced by purifying the resins of coniferous plants by special chemical reactions.

Rosin for soldering is used to resist oxidative processes that can destroy the connection during operation, an element that is resistant to loss of chemical properties when exposed to high temperatures.

The composition of rosin allows metals to be reliably joined by soldering.

The liquid state when heated promotes the spreading of the material over the elements in the desired shape. Before you find out what rosin is needed for, it is important to understand the chemical properties of the composition. The raw material from which the resin is made has dielectric properties, but this does not affect the ability of the connection to transmit electric current.

Standardized parameters of rosin according to GOST 19113-84

Download GOST 19113-84 “Pine rosin”

In the field of radio repair, rosin is the most affordable flux option. Some beginners who have no experience in soldering do not realize what rosin is and use it everywhere.

It is possible to make a mistake with this approach, since the product does not apply to all types of connections. The product is mainly used at home, with infrequent use, because...

The flux has an unlimited shelf life due to its simple design.

Methods of obtaining

Varieties of rosin come from the method of production, composition and physical state. The main differences in production methods are the substances from which the composition is extracted.

Obtaining rosin

The material is divided into three categories: gum, tallow and extraction resin for soldering.

1. Gum rosin is produced by processing the resin of coniferous trees; the main plant is pine, due to its availability and prevalence. The main distinguishing point can be seen in the absence of fatty acids, the use of which is not available in some works.
2. The extraction base is produced by extracting gasoline and the main component - a share of pine tree wood. It is distinguished by a lower temperature softening threshold and dark color. The melting point starts from 52 degrees, the acid number varies from 145 to 175. The presence of fatty acids in the composition is 10%; if the substance is chemically clarified, it will be more similar to a gum substance.
3. In sulfate-cellulose production, a by-product is released - tallow rosin. It is divided into several grades according to quality and purpose, the method of production from sulfate soap. More expensive varieties are not inferior in properties to the natural product.

A detailed acquaintance with the basis of the craft leads to the conclusion that it belongs to the category of fluxes. In cases where the required item is not at hand, you can use a welding drill.

Rosin is sold in a diluted and pure form. Purified raw materials exist in the form of sticks or pieces. Liquid type fluxes are more expensive and difficult to produce.

The simplest version is alcohol-containing, consisting of a solution of rosin and alcohol, diluted in almost equal proportions.

This solution does not cause reactions when used, prevents corrosion and does not conduct electric current.

Gum rosin according to GOST 19113-84

Making an alcohol solution can be done at home. It is important to follow the sequence of actions:

• Ethyl alcohol is required in small quantities, with a strength of at least 70°. You can find it in a pharmacy or places where similar products are sold.
• Gum rosin is crushed to a sandy state with a mortar, after which alcohol must be added in a ratio of 70 to 30.
• If you don’t have alcohol on hand, you can use a similar solvent, such as gasoline or acetone. It is necessary to add the softened substance in small portions, stirring until completely dissolved.

A more modern model of the solution has glycerin instead of alcohol. Preparation takes place in the same way; this material is more convenient to use.

It can be directly applied to parts to be soldered and has a more solid form relative to the solution. Some solders are sold with ready-made flux in the middle of the wire.

The option is convenient for operation, however, the high price and absence in small retail outlets can lead to the exploitation of tallow rosin.

Obtaining liquid rosin

Pine rosin has the following characteristics:

• The boiling point starts at 250 °C, depending on the composition and added impurities.
• Softening occurs at the threshold of 52-72 °C.
• Thermal conductivity of the element is 0.1 kcal/m, calorific value is 9100 kcal/kg.
• Expansion in the molten state is equal to a coefficient of 0.05, acid number from 145 to 175.

The main type of material is transparent colophon resin, applied in a solid state, and has a light yellow tint. The basis for high-quality production of products is abietic acid, which occupies a large share in the composition of the substance.

Properties of rosin

Low-temperature flux, used with low-melting solders; the melting temperature does not allow the use of rosin when working with solid soldering elements. The main properties are determined by the composition and method of preparation; even expensive varieties are not highly active.

Properties of rosin

The product can be used several times in inexperienced hands.

Rosin has the relative advantage of having increased spreadability, thus exposure to low temperatures can reliably place the material in place.

This property allows work in hard-to-reach places and helps remove oxidized deposits from the surface of the product being repaired. The liquid substance spreads or is applied to the product in advance, thereby working without temperature effects.

Properties may differ due to the presence of chemical additives. The melting point of rosin starts at 52 °C, regardless of the brand.

The main component of a quality product is abietic acid of the hydrochloric type, with a ratio of 60 to 90%. The amount of acid is determined by the purpose; more expensive brands have a high rosin content.

The basis for natural varieties is about 20% neutral substances, the amount of chemical acids reaches up to 10% by using a certain production method.

Liquid varieties contain thinner, ether, alcohol, gasoline, etc.

Before using rosin, it is important to understand that it cannot be used with refractory solders. The boiling point is 250 °C, in this state the substance evaporates. Flux is defined as an auxiliary raw material, with the help of which the surface is cleaned from oxidation, dirt and other unsatisfactory influences during soldering.

The composition and properties of rosin allow it to dissolve various oxides consisting of copper, tin, or lead when heated.

Due to its characteristic feature of removing oxides, it is used for cleaning metal during soldering. The product is often used at home; on production lines, solder is used with the addition of flux to the composition.

Using rosin for soldering

The most common method of soldering with colophon resin:

• the soldering iron is prepared for work by heating to operating temperature;
• at the end of the tip of the tool there is a substance of a low-melting type, it is used as solder, usually consisting of casting lead with the addition of zinc, cadmium or bismuth;
• Together with the substance, the soldering iron is lowered into the flux, the characteristic smoke indicates the reaction has taken place, the process occurs as quickly as possible, until evaporation.

The method is used if you have some experience; some difficulties may arise during the work for inexperienced craftsmen.

Rosin soldering technique

Any work can be made easier with the use of certain products, soldering materials is no exception. To work, you will need a liquid flux base - ethyl alcohol. Manufacturing is possible with your own efforts; it is enough to grind the product and mix it with a solvent.

Soldering with rosin

The liquid solution allows you to penetrate hard-to-reach places and is applied directly to the area of ​​the object.

1. Application is done using a brush or toothpick, after which a soldering iron is prepared.
2. Solder is applied to the heated soldering iron in the required quantities, depending on the size of the joint. A large amount of solder can touch adjacent contacts, which will disrupt the operation of the device being repaired.
3. The solder is distributed evenly, a reliable connection can be achieved by pressing the element to the board with little force.
4. After lowering the temperature, the flux residues are removed, because it can spread onto adjacent parts and disrupt electrical conductivity.

This method is more convenient and helps to connect even small parts. The soldering iron is used depending on the connection; the temperature regime is selected based on the melting parameters of the solder.

Main advantages

Each material has certain advantages and disadvantages; rosin has proven itself in soldering operations for many years and is still used today. Main advantages of the material:

• Dielectric properties help avoid unnecessary contacts on the solder surface.
• Affordable price compared to analogues, available for free sale at any radio electronics outlets.
• The soldering process using the product can be carried out regardless of the environment, humidity level, or air temperature.
• The properties of the product are protected from exposure to moisture and have a long shelf life.
• Prevents the formation of rust deposits on metal structures and degreases the product.

Rosin for soldering

It is allowed to use a natural product without personal protective equipment, due to the lack of toxicity. The process of use is not difficult; you can independently make the necessary concentration and type for convenient work.

Negative sides

The disadvantages include several factors that prevent the use of the material in certain situations.

1. In the absence of experience, low activity of elementoa may require additional processing. Use requires some skill to reduce processing time.
2. Hyperscopicity may prevent the substance from releasing visible vapor during processing, which will lead to corrosion of the compound in the future.
3. Available for application to small-sized assemblies of a certain metal composition. The product is applied to simple metals; other types of fluxes are used to process larger joints.
4. The fragile design of the material can cause problems during transportation. Easily crumbles under mechanical stress.

There are other types of fluxes that actively interact with metal. Such elements interact with metal and consist of zinc chloride or ammonium. After soldering, the substance is removed from the product as much as possible, because corrosion processes are possible. Neutral substances, such as rosin, do not interact with metal and do not conduct electricity.

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Source: https://naroddocto.ru/kanifol-svojstva-i-primenenie.html

Why do you need rosin when soldering and how to use it

Rosin is a special substance used for soldering with a soldering iron. On an industrial scale, this raw material has a wider application, and most importantly, diversified. The resinous substance has a lot of positive characteristics. But there are also some minor drawbacks.

What it is

Rosin got its name from the ancient Greek city of Colophon, where at one time musicians used a special resin to make musical instruments.

Rosin

Rosin is a resin that is partially contained in pine resin. To obtain the desired substance, 25% of the substances (turpentine and other volatile components) were evaporated from the resin.

What does the substance look like?

According to the standard, rosin is used for soldering, since the substance is a binder when bonding mechanical damage to metal boards, wires and transitions. Due to its rich chemical composition and physical properties, the raw material has other uses. There are other applications that few people know about.

Characteristics of rosin for soldering

Rosin resin is a rather fragile substance with a glassy structure. When frozen, it resembles light yellow or red glass. If we consider other characteristics, we get a very impressive list:

• The substance, in no condition, does not conduct electric current. It is an excellent insulator that can be applied to certain areas of electrical appliances.
• Raw materials are cheap and available. It can be obtained anywhere in the world, thanks to the prevalence of coniferous trees.
• Due to its stickiness, it can easily remove oxide film or coating from any substrate.
• The resinous structure does not dissolve in water. It is often used in the industrial field to coat certain metal parts.
• Does not lose any characteristics with a significant decrease in temperature indicators.
• Natural raw materials do not harm the human body. Environmental friendliness makes it relevant when using resinous raw materials to cover various surfaces.

Characteristics

Important! It has raw materials and some disadvantages. They are insignificant, but may well affect the features of operation and application.

When the temperature increases significantly, it begins to melt. As a result, it becomes sticky and viscous. If you use the material in the soldering process, then its properties are ineffective when connecting large parts. In the solid state, it is a very brittle material, but with a fairly beautiful structure.

What is it used for?

Everyone knows that the soldering process requires the mandatory use of rosin, but not many people know why exactly.

There is an exact definition of what rosin is used for when soldering:

• If you heat rosin to 150 °C, it will effectively remove the oxide film that protects the surface of parts. Thanks to this, solder occurs.
• The raw material helps improve the joining of parts and thus ensures good fluidity of the solder. Replenishes the missing amount of material on broken parts.
• The unique composition and physical properties can completely restore the lost functions of the conductor after its rupture.

Features of use

Note! It turns out that when working on connecting conductors, it is necessary to use resinous raw materials.

Typically, a substance such as flux is used exclusively when making repairs at home. On a production scale, more serious compositions are used.

How to use it correctly

To carry out high-quality soldering and get good contact, you need to use the substance correctly. The algorithm consists of several main stages:

1. Organize good lighting of the workplace. This will help connect fault locations more accurately.
2. Places of rupture or fracture must first be cleaned. The procedure can be carried out using sandpaper or special solvents if it is rust.
3. It is necessary to tinning the soldering iron. To do this, apply a little rosin to the hot tip of the tool. Simply press the tip of the soldering iron onto the piece of resin.
4. After tinning, you need to immediately connect the parts. Additionally, you can perform tinning again.

Additional Information! To simplify the soldering process, you need to clear the workplace of foreign objects, and especially small particles and dust.

Soldering

The soldering principle is completely simple. Flux, that is, rosin, serves as a connecting substance. Even a beginner can cope with the task. The main thing is to do everything carefully and in a timely manner.

Where else is it used?

Everyone involved in the repair of devices knows only soldering rosin. But the substance can also be used in other areas:

• Resin waste is used in the pulp industry for gluing layers of cardboard products.
• It is used as an emulsifier in the production of artificial rubber, rubber, eco-leather, mastic and paints.
• The substance reduces slipping, so it is used to rub the strings of musical instruments, billiard cues, and ballerinas’ pointe shoes.
• Small particles of rosin are used to create artificial smoke in cinema.
• In sports, rosin “flour” is used as a hand lubricant to ensure a strong grip without slipping.
• In applications with high inertia, resin lubricant is used as an auxiliary coating for belts.
• Some rosin esters are used as food additives. They are not only harmless, but even useful.

Areas of application

The substance is so versatile that it can be used in various branches of food, heavy and light industry and sports. The main advantage of this raw material is its availability and low cost.

Resin

To make high-quality and effective solder, you need to use rosin resin obtained from the resin of coniferous resins. The principle of use is quite simple, but there are other applications. Raw materials are actively added to the composition of paint products and lubricate parts of production machines. In sports, this is also a relevant option for reducing friction and a strong grip on sports equipment.

Source: https://rusenergetics.ru/polezno-znat/zachem-nuzhna-kanifol-pri-payke

How to use rosin for soldering: what is it made from?

When soldering, the heated solder oxidizes and must be coated with a protective compound. At home and for low-temperature industrial work, it is convenient to use rosin for soldering. Natural flux has a low melting point and does not emit harmful substances. To penetrate rosin into small crevices, it is dissolved, making a liquid or gel flux.

What is rosin: advantages and disadvantages

Coniferous trees differ from others in their high resin content. If you clean them and remove the water and turpentine, you get a yellow solid - rosin . It is used in the manufacture of many substances. The resin for soldering is pine. It does not contain substances that reduce dielectric characteristics. Other impurities in minimal quantities.

Rosin is a natural flux and has its advantages for those who like to solder at home:

• sold freely;
• low cost;
• natural, does not emit harmful substances;
• It’s easy to create your own liquid composition;
• low melting point;
• high fluidity.

Working with natural flux is easy. Even novice radio amateurs know how to use rosin when soldering. When working at home, it is convenient to use the low melting point of rosin for soldering. In this case, there is no need for enhanced ventilation; simple ventilation of the room is sufficient.

The shelf life of the resin is unlimited . Solid, irregularly shaped crystals can remain in a closed jar for years without losing their properties.

Natural flux also has disadvantages. Rosin, which does not dissolve in water, is at the same time hygroscopic. It absorbs moisture. The soldered joint begins to oxidize. Places where parts are soldered must be immediately coated with protective varnish and other substances.

How to make liquid?

Solid soldering flux is not always convenient to use. If the metal is located horizontally and there is a lot of space on the board for working with a soldering iron, just take a piece of flux, melt it and add solder. Often the position of the part is horizontal and the tin flows off. In this case, liquid pine flux is used.

1. Grind the rosin and pour into a glass container.
2. Fill with acetone.
3. Dissolve by placing a sealed container in hot water and shaking regularly.

Acetone can be replaced with turpentine, gasoline, ethyl alcohol and mineral oil to create a DIY soldering flux from rosin . When working with parts of any complexity, it is enough to apply the resulting liquid with a brush.

You can also make a gel. To do this, mix rosin with petroleum jelly. After dissolution, you can fill a syringe without a needle with the composition and apply flux or use a thick composition to rub the surface.

What can be replaced?

Why is rosin needed when soldering and what is it replaced with? The flux must dissolve metal oxides and coat the solder as it melts, protecting it from air . Depending on the metal that is being soldered, borax and shellac varnishes are used. Copper is soldered using wax and Vaseline. Mixed compositions are often created to work with bronze.

To work with not very critical parts, if you don’t have the necessary flux on hand, you can crush an aspirin tablet and drop some water. After mixing everything until smooth, use for soldering.

Organic fat can dissolve the oxide film. It is necessary to take into account its property of melting at low temperatures. Upon completion of work, any remaining grease should be washed off immediately.

Where else can resin be used?

Using tree resin as an additive to paints speeds up their drying . In electrical engineering you can find cables covered with paper impregnated with resins. The low dielectric constant of rosin allows it to be used for impregnation and creation of an insulating layer between high voltage wires.

The car has several components that can be repaired by soldering; the radiator especially often needs to be repaired, eliminating leaks.

Rosin is inserted into the fire fuse. It melts when the heating temperature of the device increases, breaking the circuit and protecting the equipment from overheating.

Familiar with the natural product and bowed instrument. Before each concert, musicians rub their bow with rosin. Rubbing gives the surface the ability to cause small vibrations as it slides along the string. The sound is deeper and richer. At home, you can stick a pin into a tree and tie a thread to it. It is enough to pass a piece of resin along a stretched thread and the pin will “sing.”

Soldering technology

For high-quality soldering with rosin, preparation begins with stripping the metal at the joint. It is necessary to remove dirt mechanically, remove grease using gasoline or alcohol.

The soldering iron will serve much better if it is tinning - covering the lower part of the tip with a thin layer of flux. To do this, the tool is warmed up and dipped into a jar of rosin or liquid flux is applied with a brush. The coating should be uniform, without gaps.

A piece of rosin is applied to the soldering area and melted. When the entire place is cleaned, the oxides are dissolved, solder is applied. It is melted, distributed, and it connects the parts. After cooling, tinning and varnishing are done.

The ends of the wires are first coated with flux, melting it with a soldering iron, then solder is applied, distributed evenly so that it covers the outside of the wire and connects all the fibers.

Alcohol composition

Previously, rosin for soldering was sold only in liquid form . Mainly alcohol solutions were used. It is convenient to work with them on any soldering area. Why melt solid pieces of resin and disperse hot liquid over the board, if it is much easier to apply a solution with a brush that will penetrate into the narrowest places and fill cracks.

If the volume of work is large, you can cover the entire area with an alcohol composition at once and gradually melt the flux in the soldering areas. The correct rosin solution contains an equal amount of components and adheres well to the metal surface.

Tubular solders

Tubular solder is a thin tube filled with flux . The correct consumable for the job should match as closely as possible the chemical composition of what is already on the board. If it is not known what was soldered before, the entire board is cleaned.

Modern technologies make it possible to fill a tube with rosin or other flux without breaks and with the same density along the entire length.

Soldering with tubular fluxes controls the amount of material. After work, there is no need to wipe the board, freeing it from any remaining rosin.

Rosin is a universal flux used for soldering non-ferrous metals. It is a natural product and does not adversely affect health. In many oil and fat fluxes, recycled resin is added to improve the properties.

Source: https://svarka.guru/payka/oborudovaniya/kanifol.html

Solder with rosin: a few secrets of soldering

Every radio amateur or DIY repairman will sooner or later be forced to pick up a soldering iron and try it. The quality of the work performed and even the performance of the product will directly depend on many factors, which you must know about before starting work.

Proper use of a soldering iron

Despite the apparent simplicity of working with a soldering iron, it is very desirable to have initial skills in high-quality work and be able to correctly use solder with rosin.

Soldering is done using a variety of solders. The so-called solder in a rosin reel is perhaps the most popular. When performing work related to soldering, solder is used. The amount of tin and lead it contains is 60 and 40%, respectively. This alloy melts at 180 degrees.

What is needed to work with a soldering iron:

• the soldering iron itself;
• solder;
• rosin.

Heated solder will create a sufficient internal bond with metals such as copper, brass, silver, etc., if the following conditions are met:

• The surfaces of the parts must be cleaned of oxides.
• The part at the soldering site is heated above the melting point of the solder itself.
• During operation, the soldering area must be protected from exposure to oxygen; various fluxes are used for this purpose. They create a protective film directly above the soldering area.

A book on how to solder can be read and understood, but soldering skills can only be learned through practice.

Tricks and secrets of working with a soldering iron

After the solder has begun to melt, it can already be used for soldering. To do this, you need to cover the soldering iron tip with a thin layer of solder, and then wipe it thoroughly on a damp sponge. This is how the solder and rosin remaining from work are removed. It won’t hurt to get into the habit of wiping the tip with a wet sponge every time after soldering.

Before you start soldering a radio component, you need to prepare it. Its leads should be bent so that the part fits freely into the holes intended for it.

Beginners without experience often touch the soldering area with the tip of the soldering iron tip. And you need to hold the soldering iron so that the contact area between it and the place of soldering is as large as possible, otherwise the place where you need to solder does not heat up enough to hold the parts together.

How to clean a soldering iron tip

When soldering, carbon deposits often appear on the soldering iron. It can be removed with plain water. If you run a soldering iron over a damp cloth, the scale will remain on it, and the tip will become clean again. You need to do this periodically while working with a soldering iron. If the cloth doesn't help, you can use a stiff sponge.

• The tips are removable and coated with nickel.
• Copper stings.

First-class soldering tips are usually used in complex soldering irons, in which it is possible to regulate the temperature.

The stings of the second are the most common.

Types of nickel-plated soldering tips

• The needle-shaped tip is used to solder very small radio components, such as SMD. When repairing phones, such a tip is indispensable. It is used on boards with a high density of mounted parts.
• Tip-spatula - used for desoldering and in cases of installation of large radio components. They work with multi-pin microcircuits.
• The tip is in the shape of a drop - it is convenient for them to transfer solder with rosin to the place of soldering, which leads to improved quality of work.
• A tip with a curved shape - most often it is used to solder radio components that are in a copper shell, so that no excess solder remains on the board. It can also be used for regular soldering. The soldering iron heats up to a temperature of 290-300 C.

When working with a soldering iron, you must always keep it perfectly clean. New soldering tips are usually hammered to create fine nicks on the surface.

Subsequently, they are carefully trimmed with a file to give the tip the most correct shape.

Then the tip should be tinned using solder with rosin. That is, cover with a thin layer of solder, dipping it in rosin.

How to cool a soldering area

The metal tweezers used to hold the radio component also work as a heat sink during the soldering process. You can also use a special alligator clip for this purpose.

Secrets of soldering with a soldering iron

To obtain a good result when soldering, you must correctly use solder with rosin and flux. This is a low-melting alloy of a special metal that is used to solder the leads of parts and wires.

• The best solder is pure tin. But such metal is too expensive to be used for soldering. Therefore, when working with radio components, so-called lead-tin solders are used.
• Lead with tin. In terms of soldering strength, these solders are no worse than pure tin. They melt at a temperature of 170-190 degrees. It is customary to denote such solders by the abbreviation “POS” - tin-lead solder. The number after these letters in the designation means the share of tin, expressed as a percentage. It is better to use POS-6O solder.

• Fluxes are substances that have antioxidant properties. They are used to prevent oxidation of the soldering area. If you don't use flux, the solder simply won't stick to the metal surface.

Types of fluxes

When working with radio components, fluxes that do not contain acid are used. For example, rosin. Bow rosin for lubricating musical instruments is also sold in stores. It can also be used for soldering. But metal utensils are soldered using solder without rosin. To repair it you will need “soldering acid”. This is zinc dissolved in hydrochloric acid. It is also impossible to solder radio components with such solder, since over time it will destroy the soldering.

If you need to solder in hard-to-reach places, you need to have liquid flux. You can make it yourself. Rosin is crushed into powder and poured into acetone or ethyl alcohol.

After mixing the solution, you need to add more rosin until you obtain a thick, mushy mass. Such liquid rosin should be applied to soldering areas with a brush or stick. However, there is a nuance - to work with printed circuit boards, the flux must be more liquid.

For hard-to-reach places, you can also use wire solder with rosin, which is much more convenient.

When working with various fluxes, it is necessary to take into account that those that contain acetone are very toxic. Therefore, when working with them, it is necessary to avoid getting vapors into the respiratory tract. It is better to solder near a window if it is summer, and in winter it is better to ventilate the room in which the work is being carried out. After finishing work, be sure to wash your hands with soap and warm water.

How to solder with rosin

An important condition for successful soldering is maintaining the cleanliness of the surfaces that need to be soldered. Be sure to clean the soldering areas until they shine. Then the parts need to be placed on a piece of rosin and warmed up. The melted rosin will help the solder spread evenly over the conductor or part that needs to be soldered. You can carefully rotate the part while moving the soldering iron tip over it so that the solder spreads in an even layer over the surface.

If you need to tin a conductor that is soldered into a board, then after cleaning the soldering area with sanding paper or a knife, you need to bring a piece of rosin, and then smoothly distribute the solder as evenly as possible, using a soldering iron.

The quality of soldering is also affected by how correctly the wires or contacts of the parts are connected during soldering. They should be pressed tightly together and then bring the soldering iron to the prepared conductors, touching it. After the heated solder has spread over the surface, filling even small gaps between them, the soldering iron should be removed.

Continuous soldering time should be no more than five seconds. After this period of time, the solder will harden and the parts will be firmly connected. However, to prevent the soldering from breaking, the parts should not be moved for 10-15 seconds after soldering is completed. Otherwise the connection will not be strong.

If work is done with transistors, then their terminals must be protected so as not to overheat. It is better to hold them either with pliers or tweezers, thereby dissipating heat.

When soldering radio components, you should never twist the ends of the parts. If you need to resolder parts or replace conductors, you need to think about this in advance, before starting installation. It is best to solder the ends of the parts at a short distance from each other, and not in one place.

Source: https://FB.ru/article/280254/pripoy-s-kanifolyu-neskolko-sekretov-payki

How to properly solder with a soldering iron with solder and rosin

If in Soviet times there was a game for schoolchildren, the essence of which was to solder a radio-electronic microcircuit on their own, which they successfully did, but now the question of how to properly use a soldering iron puts many in a difficult position. Although learning how to solder with a soldering iron is not so difficult, and having mastered the basics for “dummies”, you will be able to carry out simple work on your own without turning to specialists.

Soldering with a soldering iron

In order to start soldering, you need to prepare a workplace and the necessary tools. Regardless of the type of proposed work, the following requirements are imposed on the workplace:

• The presence of good lighting will allow you not only to work comfortably, but also to notice small flaws in the soldered parts, which is difficult if there is a lack of light;
• No flammable items;
• Free working space on which you can easily place the part to be soldered;
• The presence of ventilation will make work not only more comfortable, but also safer; inhaling molten rosin has a negative effect on the respiratory system;
• A magnifying glass makes it possible to work even with small parts and thin wires;
• A simple stand solves the problem of placing a heated soldering iron.

The next stage of preparation will be the choice of tool, and a beginner is always faced with the question of what is needed for soldering with a soldering iron.

Soldering iron selection

The basis of high-quality soldering is heating metal parts to the soldering temperature; accordingly, for each type of work it is recommended to use soldering irons of different capacities:

• For soldering radio components and microcircuits, it is best to use a soldering iron with a power of no more than 60 Watts, otherwise you can overheat the part or simply melt it;
• Parts up to 1 mm thick will warm up better when using a tool with a power of 80-100 Watts;
• Parts with a wall thickness of up to 2 mm require greater power and some experience in operation, so soldering of such parts will not be considered in this article.

Source: https://pochini.guru/sovety-mastera/kak-pravilno-payat-payalnikom

How to replace rosin

When soldering at home, rosin can be replaced with:

How can you replace rosin when soldering?	Description of the analogue
Aspirin	It is the most affordable and easy-to-use replacement option. Acetylsalicylic acid is probably in every first aid kit. This is an acid that is not aggressive. An aqueous or alcoholic solution of aspirin effectively copes with oxidation. Soldering with such a solution is accompanied by the release of a strong unpleasant odor, so the room should be well ventilated.
Fat	An option that melts well, spreads, and protects the surface from oxidation. An important advantage is low cost. However, when heated, it provokes a specific odor. In addition, this is not the most convenient material for soldering, since it has a peculiar consistency.
Resin	Resin from trees is suitable. The resin melts well, spreads, and is an ideal option for tinning. Since it does not have any aggressive properties, it can be used for any type of soldering. However, this material is not as highly active as regular rosin.
Amber	Probably the best option for replacing rosin when soldering, since it has the most similar characteristics to it. However, amber will not always be appropriate, since it has a fairly high cost, so it is better to consider other options for replacement.
Rosin for musical instruments	This option may be relevant because it is a very good alternative to classic rosin for soldering. However, you need to take into account that, unlike ordinary rosin, it costs much more.

When soldering various materials, rosin is used because it can improve the quality of work and also prevents the development of negative phenomena such as oxidative processes. Rosin is the most affordable and easy-to-use material.

However, there are times when this material is not at hand. In such cases, the question arises of what can replace rosin at home.

How can you replace rosin when soldering?

This question is faced by people who have an urgent need to find an analogue from improvised means that have characteristics similar to rosin. There are many replacement options that experts recommend.

It can be used as tree resin, which is the best analogue of rosin, or even aspirin. It is recommended that the concentration of the medication be as high as possible - this is the only way to get the desired result when soldering. It can be dissolved in water and alcohol.

It is also possible to use rosin, which is used to lubricate musical instruments. We must not forget about animal fats, which help fight oxidative processes. This is probably the most affordable option at home.

Amber will also be an excellent analogue, since it has the most similar characteristics to ordinary rosin. However, its use is not always appropriate, since it is much more expensive than traditional material.

Non-standard replacement options

If you need to replace rosin, you can use the electrolyte from an old salt battery, but not an alkaline battery. Also, if there is very little rosin left, it can be diluted in alcohol and the resulting solution can be used for soldering.

You can use acids with stearin (paraffin). They qualitatively protect the surface from oxidation.

What you need to know when using alternative methods

There are no significant differences when using analogues. They, just like rosin, are applied to the work surface or the soldering iron tip is dipped in them.

The only difference can be in preparation. The fat should be transferred to a small container and slightly warmed. You need to make a solution from aspirin. Amber and resins can be used without any preparation.

Instead of rosin, you can use not only acids, but also other available means. They will act as a good flux that protects the surface from oxidation.

All of the above analogues are suitable for soldering, since they have characteristics similar to traditional rosin. However, before use, it is important to study the features of each material.

Source: https://Chem-zamenit.ru/texnika-i-avto/kanifol.html

How to properly solder with a soldering iron using rosin

instrument.guru > Welding > How to properly solder with a soldering iron using rosin

Almost every man, be it an ardent fan of delving into radio equipment and electrical appliances or a simple owner who is faced with a situation in which the process of joining metals and wires is required, sooner or later will be forced to use a soldering iron, in this case you can to cope with the task yourself .

• Devices and tools required for the soldering process
• Recommendations for competent work with a soldering iron using rosin
• Correctly soldering with a soldering iron with rosin: general recommendations

Devices and tools required for the soldering process

In everyday life, when it is necessary to repair something basic, special experience and expensive units and tools for soldering are not required. The main ones are the following devices and tools:

1. Soldering iron. The main criteria when choosing it are the size, which must correspond to what you are going to solder, otherwise there is a risk of damage to adjacent circuit elements or poor-quality soldering of wires and power (it is advisable to purchase a pair of soldering irons, one for 25 watts for soldering microcircuits, the second for 40-watts). 60 watts in order to solder wider parts of parts).
2. Soldering iron stand. When working with a soldering iron for a long time, you have to frequently unplug it to avoid overheating, then wait until it warms up again. Due to the fact that the soldering device heats up to 300 degrees, you simply cannot do without a stand for it.
3. Rosin and solder. Rosin is an amorphous substance obtained from the resin of coniferous trees, very fragile under mechanical shock. What is rosin needed for? When soldering, it is used to degrease the surface and remove oxide films. Solder is an alloy of two metals - lead and tin for soldering.

Preparing tools and materials for soldering

Soldering is the process of joining parts by introducing molten metal of a lower temperature into the area of ​​their contact. Before you start soldering, you need to carefully prepare for work:

1. Preparing the soldering iron for subsequent use. The main task of all manipulations is to cover the working area of ​​the soldering iron tip with a thin layer of solder. Method 1: when the soldering iron is first heated, its tip must be cleaned, thereby protecting it from oxidation and wear. Having warmed it up to operating temperature, you can touch the sting to the rosin, melting the solder on it, and then rub it on a wooden surface.

   Method 2: wipe the heated tip of the soldering iron with material treated with soldering acid, melt the solder and distribute it over the tip with a piece of solid ammonia using the rubbing method.

2. Preparing parts for soldering.
3. Regardless of the type of soldering (low-temperature or high-temperature), the surfaces of the parts must be thoroughly cleaned of oily and greasy contaminants and degreased using rosin or solvents. If there is rust, it must also be removed by any mechanical means. If you need to solder the wires, it is better to twist them together first, since tin is a rather soft metal that may not withstand even the slightest load.

Recommendations for competent work with a soldering iron using rosin

Rosin easily dissolves in organic compounds such as alcohol, acetone and others. When heated to 150 degrees, it is capable of breaking down chemical elements such as tin, lead, and copper.

Rosin is used in radio and electrical repair work as an antioxidant component for soldering. Its proper use will significantly reduce the spreading and surface tension of the solder, destroy the oxide film and prevent the formation of a new one.

Before you start soldering the necessary elements, you need to clean and then tin the contacts. To do this, place a piece of solid rosin on the part of the surface that will be soldered and press it with a soldering iron heated to the required temperature.

Correctly soldering with a soldering iron with rosin: general recommendations

If the task is to solder a microcircuit, then you need to dip the soldering iron tip in rosin and coat the twisted wires with it, which will ensure free flow of tin to the soldering site.

If the solder was not used in sufficient quantity and a part of the twist or wire is visible in some places, it is necessary to repeat the previous step.

Next, having placed the solder at the soldering site, it is recommended to run the soldering iron tip over it, as a result of which it will melt. If the material is processed poorly, then it is possible that the solder will not adhere to the surface .

Of course, it is possible to solder without using rosin, but the quality of the soldering joint and the aesthetic appearance of the product will be lost.

If rosin is not available in everyday use, soldering acid, electrolyte from an old battery, pine resin dissolved in acetic acid, or acetylsalicylic acid may be useful as a replacement.

And yet, the best solution is not only to use rosin when soldering, but also to use it in excess for more reliable bonding. Until the composition hardens, do not move parts of the solder.

With effective tinning, soldering will occur almost instantly ; you just have to wait until the solder has completely cooled. On many Internet sites you can find videos with simple lessons on how to use a soldering iron and learn how to solder. If you follow the detailed instructions, then the process itself is not particularly difficult; to achieve a positive result, you just need to do everything clearly and consistently .

When thinking about how to properly use a soldering iron using rosin, do not forget about the need to carefully prepare tools and parts for the soldering process. When creating a permanent connection, the solder layer must be protected with rosin. For each individual soldering case, a soldering iron of the appropriate size and power may be suitable. When parts are connected correctly, soldering becomes reliable and durable.

Source: https://instrument.guru/svarochnye/kak-pravilno-payat-payalnikom-s-primeneniem-kanifoli.html

Why do you need rosin for soldering?

Rosin for soldering certainly takes a worthy place among the home craftsman's tools.

At all times, no matter the development of the service or its complete absence, there are people with bright heads and skillful hands, who love and know how to do many things on their own.

A prominent place in the processes of application of skill is given to soldering during the installation and repair of electronic circuits, low-current electrical contacts and other work on creating permanent connections that do not require high strength. 

Purpose of rosin

Before describing the purpose of rosin, it is necessary to explain the difference between soldering and welding:

• During the welding process, the edges of the parts being joined are melted, the liquid phases mix and, when solidified, form a permanent connection.
• When soldering, the parts to be joined remain in a solid state, and only the metal used for the connection—the solder—melts. The molten solder spreads over the edges being joined and, when solidified, forms a permanent connection.

To guarantee quality, the edges of the parts to be fastened must be well wetted with solder. This is achieved by cleaning them from oxides and contaminants using fluxes - in this case, rosin.

What is rosin? Regulations

Rosin is a solid glassy substance. It is amorphous, that is, it does not have a clearly defined melting point, but gradually softens when heated. The onset of softening occurs, depending on the type and variety, at approximately 55 - 70 ºC.

Rosin is a component of the resin of coniferous trees. There are several ways to obtain it:

• Evaporate volatile substances from the crude resin;
• Extract with organic solvents from sawdust;
• Distill tall oil, which is a waste product from paper production.

The quality of rosin in Russia is regulated by two regulatory documents GOST 19113-84 “Pine rosin” and GOST 14201-83 “Tall rosin”.

Rosin obtained from resin is somewhat more refractory - the softening point is approximately 5 higher or more, acidic - 5 - 10 mg of KOH per 1 g of product more. Tall rosin is lighter than pine rosin, but the color depends very much on the variety, that is, on the degree of purification from impurities.

Rosin is usually supplied to retail in round metal boxes. But it can also be sold as part of ready-made solder - a tube made of a tin-based alloy filled with rosin.

How to solder with rosin

In general terms, the soldering process consists of the following operations:

1. Mechanical cleaning of joined surfaces;
2. Warming up the soldering iron tip;
3. Heating of connected surfaces;
4. Treatment of the sting with rosin;
5. Surface treatment with rosin;
6. Coating the tip with solder (tinning);
7. Connecting parts and covering the joint and adjacent areas with solder.
8. Cooling the connection.

Now, more details about each operation?

• Rosin is capable of dissolving oxide films and partially reducing them to metal. If the surface of the parts to be joined is not covered with visible dirt, this operation can be skipped. It is necessary when dirt or oxides cover the surface so much that they prevent it from being wetted by molten rosin and then solder.
• It was previously mentioned that the temperature at which rosin begins to soften is around 55 – 70ºC. But in order to reliably cover the soldering iron tip and the parts being connected, it must be heated to 100 - 130ºC. The criterion for a sufficient tip temperature is its free penetration into the solid rosin mass with the appearance of a slight haze.
• The need to heat the surfaces to be joined depends very much on their size. If you have thin wires to solder, you can skip this operation. You must understand that on a cold surface the rosin and solder will rapidly cool and solidify. As a result, it will not be possible to achieve dissolution of oxides with rosin and sufficient spreading of solder. Therefore, before starting soldering, it is necessary to assess whether it is possible to warm up the parts already during flux treatment or whether this must be done first.
• If the soldering iron is being used for the first time or has not been used for a long time, you can go over the tip with a wire brush or fine sandpaper. But this is required in the most advanced cases. Usually it is enough to heat it up and treat it with rosin, and then cover it with a layer of tin - tin it. Now the tip is ready for use.

If the break in work was short, and the tip remained covered with solder, tinning is not required, just heat it and dip it in rosin.

• Next, we prepare the surface of the parts for soldering. As already mentioned, it may be necessary to heat the joint surfaces of the parts being connected. This is determined by their massiveness and the size of the soldering iron tip. If the tip is more massive than the parts, you can do without preheating before soldering, but do it directly during the processing of the parts with rosin.

We fix the surfaces to be joined in the position in which they will be mounted, heat them if necessary, treat them with flux and then apply molten solder. Using the soldering iron tip, we help it spread over the joint and adjacent areas, and let the joint cool.

The soldering process is completed.

Soldering with rosin

In this form, the solder rod is a tube of tin-lead alloy wound into a coil, inside which there is rosin. When soldering, it is used as a filler material. The parts to be joined are heated with a soldering iron, and then the end of the rod is inserted into the soldering zone, and the joint is tinned using joint movements of the tip and additive.

Melting flux and solder coat the joint simultaneously, reducing process time. This method can be used to solder parts in cases that do not require preliminary surface preparation.

Soldering Safety Considerations

The soldering process is accompanied by a number of harmful factors. The first of them is contamination of the breathing zone. Rosin smoke, inevitably released during soldering, tin and lead fumes are allergens and carcinogens. The room intended for soldering, even amateur soldering, must be well ventilated.

The next factor is the risk of electric shock. To obtain permission to carry out soldering, workers at enterprises must have electrical safety group 2. Before you start soldering at home, you should at least visually verify that the electric soldering iron and socket are in working order.

Fire danger. For tools and the soldering process, it is necessary to use stands made of non-flammable, heat-insulating material.

Conclusion

This article discusses the most characteristic features of soldering processes using rosin. But to teach any craft, including soldering, theory must be inextricably intertwined with practice. Only then can everything said be of real benefit in mastering the skill.

Source: https://prompriem.ru/stati/kanifol-dlya-pajki.html

How to use rosin when soldering?

Hello dear readers of the site sesaga.ru. Today I want to share with you the secret of good soldering, and tell you how to solder correctly with a soldering iron .

Every radio amateur has a minimum set of tools that he needs to assemble or repair any radio-electronic structure.
These are all kinds of screwdrivers, pliers, wire cutters, files, hammers, etc. Therefore, I will not recommend anything here, but will focus on the most basic ones. In the future, if you need an additional tool, you will purchase it.

The first thing you need to purchase, if you don’t have one, is tweezers and a soldering kit:

1. Soldering iron ,
2. Solder (tin) ,
3. Flux (a jar of rosin) .

soldering iron with a power of 40W and a supply voltage of 220V. At home, you don’t need any other power; when you learn to solder, you’ll understand this. And when we assemble a power regulator for it that adjusts the temperature of the tip, it will become more convenient and versatile.

Solder

solder is used to connect the surfaces of components and parts to each other - an alloy of lead and tin in various proportions.

As a rule, solder is made in the form of a wire or tube filled with flux. It is better to give preference to solder in the form of a wire, since flux will have to be used in any case.

Typically, solders differ in melting point and hardness, and are marked with alphabetic and numerical values, for example, POS-60.

POS - tin-lead solder, the number 60 means the percentage of tin in the alloy, respectively 40% lead. The more lead in the solder, the darker it is and the higher the melting point of the solder. For home use, it is better to purchase POS-60 solder with a melting point of about 190 °C, and also has good strength.

Fluxes

Fluxes are designed to dissolve and remove oxides from the surface of parts being soldered, serve to protect metal and solder surfaces from oxidation, and ensure good wetting of the surface of parts with liquid solder.

For example, tip is made of copper, which oxidizes when heated, and a carbon crust forms on the working surface of the tip. If you touch the solder with such a tip, it will naturally melt, but it will not remain on the working surface, but will simply roll off, so you will not be able to solder anything with such a soldering iron.

The most common and affordable flux is rosin , which is made from pine resin. It looks like amber, transparent with a yellowish tint.

Preparing the soldering iron tip for soldering

And so, you bought a soldering kit. The first step is to prepare the soldering iron, namely its working part ( tip ), since it is not yet very suitable for soldering. We clamp it with pliers, take a file, and begin to carefully process the tip, giving it the shape of a dihedral angle of approximately 3045 degrees.

You have prepared the tip of the tip, but you cannot turn on the soldering iron yet, because when you turn it on for the first time, it emits smoke and an unpleasant odor, this is normal.
This happens because during the first heating, the adhesive layer with which the mica sheets were glued together when winding the heating element burns out.

Soldering iron heating element design

Let's look at the sectional design of the heating element.

The heating element in soldering irons is usually a nichrome wire wound around a metal tube into which a copper rod (tip) is inserted. The electric current heats up the nichrome wire, which in turn transfers heat to the copper rod, heating it.

To isolate this wire from contact with the protective casing and metal tube, mica is used, which is laid in layers between them.

Homemade soldering iron stand

Another thing you need, and you can’t live without it, is a soldering iron stand .
You can buy it there in the store, or you can make it yourself. It is enough to take a small wooden block and a metal lid used in home canning. You will put the remaining solder and flux in it, and also tin the leads of the parts and the soldering iron tip in it.

It is advisable to make a rectangular bath from the lid. Just be careful when you cut the lid, its edges are sharp as a blade, do all work with gloves.

So.
Cut a rectangle out of the lid with scissors, make markings with a marker, as in the picture, and bend the edges with pliers. When finished, be sure to file the edges of the bath and nail it to the block with two small nails. All. Your stand is ready.

Advice! Take electrical tape and tape the soldering iron wire to the handle as shown in the photo. This will save you from any surprises. Believe me!!!

Now you can turn on the soldering iron.
If you are indoors, then open the window, plug in the soldering iron and expose it to fresh air for 30-40 minutes. After this time, the product is ready for use.

Final preparation of the soldering iron tip. Service

As you noticed, the copper has turned dark blue, so we take a file and go over the working part of the tip, removing scale from it. Now quickly dip the tip into a jar of rosin and touch the solder to both sides.

Then, using small movements along the bottom of the bath, as if you were working with an eraser, move the tip back and forth, periodically dipping it in rosin for better wetting, until the working part is covered with solder on both sides.
Happened! The sting should always be this white .

Remember! The key to good soldering is a soldering iron tip that is free of oxides and well tinned. The solder should be a thin layer evenly distributed over the entire working surface of the tip .

Here you go. You have prepared the soldering iron for soldering, and now you can safely start practicing. In the second part of the article, how to properly solder with a soldering iron with rosin, you will learn how to tin and solder conductors together .
Good luck!

Source: https://rem-serv.com/kak-polzovatsya-kanifolyu-pri-payke/