What is welding wire used for?

Welding wire: classification, marking, application

Welding wire is a metal product of a certain length with a small cross-section. As a rule, it is used for the manufacture of flexible electrodes, as well as as a filler material for manual, automatic and semi-automatic welding, ensuring high quality seams and reliable connections. A significant feature of the products is that its surface is not coated, therefore for high-quality welding it is recommended to use additional protection, gas.

Varieties

It should be remembered that for each metal you need to choose the right type of wire. The quality of welding and seam will depend on this. Using clean, non-rusty and free of roughness wire will make the seam much more flexible and of better quality, which means it will provide maximum protection against corrosion. There are these types of wire:

Copper-plated wire is a wire product that is used for arc welding of carbon and low-alloy steels, ensuring uninterrupted operation of any welding machine. When used, it minimizes metal spattering and also guarantees high quality welds. Powder - usually has the form of a tube consisting of low-carbon steel, filled with special deoxidizer powders and slag-forming substances. It is used, as a rule, for automatic welding, helps to minimize the formation of slag and helps reduce the work on cleaning seams. Solid wire is used for semi- and automatic welding, for the manufacture of electrodes. Copper-free wire is used for mechanized welding, as well as when working with parts made of low-carbon grades of steel that do not require correction of the quality of the seams. Activated wires are products that also consist of powder fillers and are used for welding in carbon dioxide. Gas welding - used for welding work with carbon and low-carbon types of steel. Aluminum - widely used in semi-automatic welding of aluminum structures, gives low porosity to the seams and is used in the dairy and shipbuilding industries. Stainless steel wire is used to connect stainless steel types, the deposits of which protect against corrosion and cracks. Flux - used for semi-automatic welding of carbon, medium-carbon and low-carbon types of steel. Alloy - helps to carry out any welding in different gas mixtures, is an ideal welding material for argon welding.

The main types of welding wire are solid, flux-cored, activated.

Solid Welding Wire

Solid welding wire is used for semi-automatic and automatic welding, as well as for the manufacture of electrodes and filler rods.

The chemical composition and diameter of wire for welding steels is regulated by GOST 2246-70. Wire for surfacing is produced in accordance with GOST 10543-75, wire made of copper and alloys - in accordance with GOST 16130-72, wire made of aluminum and alloys - in accordance with GOST 7871-75. The most common is steel wire. It is available in the following diameters (mm): 0.3; 0.5; 0.8; 1.0; 1.2; 1.4; 1.6; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 4.0; 5.0; 6.0; 8.0; 10.0; 12.0.

Welding wire is designated as follows (see picture below).

Drawing. Wire designation

Diameter. Wire grade: purpose ( Sv – welding, Np – surfacing). carbon content in hundredths of a percent. For example, Sv08 - wire contains 0.08% carbon; the content of alloying elements may be indicated, denoted by the following letters: X – chromium; N – nickel, C – silicon; M – molybdenum; G – manganese; T – titanium: F – vanadium; D – copper; C – zirconium; Yu – aluminum. The letter indicating the alloying element is followed by a number indicating its percentage. If the alloying element is contained in an amount of about 1%, then the number is not given. For example, Sv08Х21Н5Т is deciphered as follows: welding wire, carbon content 0.08%, chromium 21%; nickel 5%; titanium 1%; Increased requirements for the purity of the wire may be specified for harmful impurities - sulfur and phosphorus. They are marked on the stamp with the letters A and AA . For example, in Sv08 wire up to 0.04% of sulfur and phosphorus is allowed, for Sv08A - up to 0.03% of these impurities, in Sv08AA - up to 0.02%. Melting method: VD – vacuum arc furnaces, VI – vacuum induction furnaces; Ш – electroslag remelting. If the wire is intended for the manufacture of electrodes, then the letter E . If the wire is produced with a copper-plated surface, then the letter O . GOST for wire.

Designation example: 3 Sv08KhSMFA-VI-E GOST 2246-70.

The wire can be supplied in coils, on spools or in special packaging, for example, Marathon Pac from ESAB.

To perform welding work, various brands of electrodes are used. One of the most popular electrodes is OK 46. Their main advantage is their versatility of use. They are indispensable in everyday life, since when using them, work can be performed in any position. This distinguishes them from other brands of electrodes.

Description

Electrodes of this brand are used for welding products and structures made from carbon and low-alloy steels . You can perform welding work using them in absolutely any position. The work can be performed on both alternating and direct current.

Quite often, electrode products of this brand are used for manual arc welding. One of the characteristic features of these products is the presence of a rutile coating. By using them to connect products by welding, you can obtain a high quality seam.

The electrodes themselves are characterized by low sensitivity to metal contamination - dirt and rust.

Reasons for popularity

When using these electrodes, experts note the ease of ignition of the primary arc. A repeated arc also occurs without unnecessary difficulties. Working with them, you can easily weld tacks, as well as create root and short welds .

Many specialists also choose products from this brand because they provide comfort when performing work, especially when it becomes necessary to weld wide gaps. This task often arises when performing work on the installation of metal structures. During welding work with these electrodes, slag appears. However, it can be removed from the seam surface without any difficulty.

Steel wire is used in various fields of industry, for household needs and artistic creativity. Steel products in the form of cord or thread are distinguished according to their main characteristics. Dimensions and performance properties are established by state and interstate standards.

Main varieties

The main characteristics by which products are divided are:

Cross-sectional size and shape; Type of final processing; Surface type; Chemical composition of steel; Application area.

Products are divided into groups based on thickness. Products of the first group are the thinnest, their thickness is less than 0.1 mm. The ninth group includes products whose cross-sectional size is more than 8 mm. Products according to GOST are manufactured in round, square, multi-faceted and shaped profiles.

The final treatment provides the required mechanical properties. To strengthen the mechanical strength and durability, the products are thermally treated: hardened, annealed and stabilized.

Based on the type of surface, products are divided into coated, unfinished and finished. Zinc, copper, aluminum and brass are used as steel coatings. For finishing, the surface is ground, polished or etched.

Types by purpose and area of ​​application:

General purpose; For the production of meshes; For reinforcing reinforced concrete structures; Ropeway; Welding; String; Spring; Structural; For air communications; For wires and cables; Linking; Printing; Needle room.

Depending on the purpose and required performance characteristics, products are made from steel of various types and grades. General purpose products, as well as binding products and those used for reinforcing reinforced concrete products, are made from low-carbon steel.

For the production of springs, wire cores, spokes and ropes, carbon, alloy and high-alloy steels are used. For some structural types, special requirements are put forward for steel in terms of the content of carbon, chromium, nickel and other chemical elements.

Source: https://shte.ru/index/svarochnaya/svarochnaya-provoloka-svoystva-marki-naznachenie-i-primenenie/0-svarochnaya-provoloka-klassifikaciya.html

Welding wire SV08G2S: nuances in use, rules of application, types of wire - Machine

Copper-plated welding wire SV08G2S ChZSM. Photo Welding Technologies

Welding wire SV08G2S (spelling Sv-08G2S is also acceptable) is one of the most common brands of filler materials. This brand is often called universal, since it is used for welding and surfacing. In addition, it is used in the manufacture of electrodes. Full information is provided below.

Scope, purpose

SV08G2S wire is used for welding low-alloy and carbon steels, which are widely used in various industries: machine, aircraft and shipbuilding, construction, repair of products made from carbon materials.

Copper-coated wire SV-08G2S-O (18 kg; 1.6 mm) CEDAR. Photo VseInstruments.ru

SV082S wire - along with other materials - is used for argon arc welding using automatic machines, as well as when working with semi-automatic machines. It is used for manual welding in argon or a mixture of argon and carbon dioxide.

The wire can be used as an additive to form flux when performing pool welding.

Decoding the brand

SV08G2S stands for as follows:

• SV - welding;
• 08 — carbon content, % — 0.08;
• G - presence of manganese in the composition;
• 2 - amount of manganese, in% - 2;
• C - the presence of silicon in the composition, since there is no number after the letter “C”, this means that the silicon content does not exceed one percent.

Reference. Manufacturers produce two modifications of wire: copper-plated and uncoated. The marking of the first variety contains the letter “O”.

Copper-plated welding wire is also in high demand, since its use results in slight wear of copper tips and an increase in conductivity, which ensures arc stability and increases the strength and durability of the weld. It is important not to confuse copper coated steel wire with all copper consumables.

Characteristics

Copper-coated wire SV-08G2S BARS. Photo VseInstruments.ru

Technical characteristics are determined by several parameters depending on the further use of the wire (welding, surfacing or electrode production):

• The tensile strength varies from 882 to 1030 MPa, depending on the diameter of the material. If the wire is used for the production of electrodes, then this figure is reduced by about 10%.
• Heat treatment , the most common method is quenching in oil at a temperature of 880-920 degrees and gradual cooling in air. As a result of this procedure, the wire becomes more elastic , the tensile strength is reduced to 430-450 MPa, which makes it possible to produce electrodes of complex configurations from the material.
• Any surface defects of the material are not allowed, with the exception of dents and scratches formed during drawing. But they should not occupy more than 5% of the surface area.

Mechanical

After manufacturing, the wire must undergo a tensile test . The following tensile strength indicators are allowed (Sv kgf/mm2):

• value Sв for wire with a diameter of up to 1.5 mm. should be in the range from 90 to 135;
• for 1.6 mm. — 90-130 (for surfacing) and 70-100 (for electrodes);
• for 2.0 mm. — 80-120 (for surfacing), 70-100 (for electrodes);
• for wire with a diameter over 2.0 mm. — 70-105 (for surfacing), 65-95 (for electrodes).

also include :

• relative elongation rate - at least 30%;
• yield strength value - from 415 to 440 MPa;
• impact strength indicator: at 40° degrees - 56 J/cm2, at 20° - 69.

Reference. Characteristics of other types: titanium, stainless steel, powder, aluminum, as well as wire grades: VT1-00Sv and PANCH-11 are presented in separate articles.

Chemical composition

Welding wire JULI SV08G2S. Photo Welding Technologies

The chemical composition of materials for welding is determined by GOST 2246–70. In accordance with Gosstandart, the wire contains the following elements:

• carbon (C) - 0.05-0.11;
• silicon (Si) - 0.7-0.95;
• manganese (Mn) - 1.8-2.1;
• chromium (Cr) - no more than 0.2;
• nickel (Ni) - no more than about.25;
• sulfur (S) - no more than 0.025;
• phosphorus (P) - no more than 0.03.

Wire without copper coating may contain copper, no more than 0.25%. GOST allows for a nitrogen content of no more than 0.01.

Alloyed wires containing vanadium, aluminum and other elements are not produced.

Deposition rate indicator

When performing surfacing work, it is important to know the surfacing coefficient of a certain grade of material. This indicator demonstrates the amount of deposited metal formed over a certain period of time - per hour and at a specific value of welding current.

Welding wire SV08G2S has a deposition rate of at least 8.5 g/A*h.

This indicator depends on the composition of the chemical elements of the wire, its type (copper-plated or uncoated), the nature of the current during the work; in the case of alternating current, its polarity is also important. This parameter is fundamental when calculating the consumption of materials for welding.

Requirements

Basic requirements for welding wire:

• the chemical composition of the material must correspond to the composition of the metal from which the parts or elements being welded are made;
• the welding wire must melt at a temperature almost equal to the temperature of the metal, the melting must be uniform;
• The welding wire must not be dirty or oxidized and must not be damaged.

Certification, GOST

The chemical composition and properties of the wire must comply with GOST 2246-70 . Materials for welding undergo mandatory certification and certification by the Welding Association NAKS. Some manufacturers provide certificates on official websites, thereby demonstrating compliance with the standard and high quality of the filler material.

Welding wire Sv-08G2S-O Fubag. Photo VseInstruments.ru

Requirements for delivery conditions

In addition to the requirements for the chemical composition, properties of the wire and packaging, which are presented above, “claims” are also made regarding the conditions of supply of filler materials.

• Finished products are packaged in skeins. If there is permission from the consumer, then the welding wire is supplied in coils or cassettes . Large diameter products are sold in sealed packages without being wound onto reels.
• At the same time, an important requirement is that the wire should not have breaks .
• Winding is done in tightly even rows. The possibility of unwinding or unraveling of the material during transportation must be eliminated.
• The surface of copper-plated products may sometimes have processing residues in the form of soapy grease upon delivery. This, in accordance with GOST requirements, is permissible in small quantities, but the lubricant should not contain sulfur and graphite.

Distinctive features, advantages and disadvantages

Wire ESAB SV-08G2S. Photo 220Volt

Welding wire SV08G2S has the following features that can be considered advantages:

• ensuring a stable welding arc;
• eliminating the possibility of the electrode “sticking”;
• positive mechanical properties, including toughness, high tensile strength
• used in a wide range of welding modes;
• suitable for working with any class of welding machines;
• provides slight splashing of the melt in a gaseous environment;
• allows you to economically use copper tips and re-ignite the arc;
• provides an even, high-quality seam with good edge weldability of the parts being joined, without the presence of pores and foreign inclusions, as well as with a uniform chemical composition;
• low cost;
• absence of copper vapor;
• used for welding in all positions.

There is no information about shortcomings.

Recommendations

When purchasing welding wire, you should remember some rules that will reduce the likelihood of purchasing counterfeit or low-quality products:

• you should purchase materials from manufacturers and suppliers who have certificates that indicate what standards the wire meets and whether it is even genuine;
• It is recommended to buy consumables in large stores; from trusted sellers who are able to provide storage under appropriate conditions.

Assortment, release form, packaging, packaging

Welding wire SV08G2S is available in diameters from 0.3 to 12 mm. The materials are packaged in skeins, the weight of which can reach 30 kg. Copper-clad wire can be formed into coils rectangular in cross-section. Their height is 50-90 mm.

The internal diameter of the wire can vary from 100 to 400 mm, the external diameter - from 175 to 600 mm. Reels and cassettes are another type of packaging, their weight is 5 and 15 kg.

Sealed packages without winding weigh 80 or 250 kg.

Copper-coated wire SV-08G2S-O KEDR, cassette 15 kg. Photo VseInstruments.ru

Analogs

Analogues of SV08G2S include such well-known brands as:

• ER-70-S Fubag;
• ER-49 Bri;
• W10 Weld-Team KFT;
• Novofil G3Si1;
• OK 12.51 ESAB;
• SM-70 HYUNDAI;
• ER 70-6 Prima.

Analogues of SV08G2S-O are ER70S-6 wire, produced by several companies: Prima, DEKA, BARS and others, as well as OK 12.51.

Manufacturers

Several manufacturers, Russian and foreign, produce SV08G2S welding wire:

Where can I buy

• Suppliers and manufacturers of Sv-08G2S wire, as well as other consumables, are collected in a separate section of our website.
• Sections: Welding wire

Source: https://regionvtormet.ru/beton/svarochnaya-provoloka-sv08g2s-nyuansy-v-ispolzovanii-pravila-primeneniya-raznovidnosti-provoloki.html

Everything you need to know about welding wire

Reading time: ≈7 minutes

In some welding technologies, welding wire is often used as a filler material instead of conventional electrodes. It is used in combination with or without shielding gas in automatic or semi-automatic welding. Welding wire is sold in reels and may vary in diameter and properties.

But these are just the basics. In this article, we will detail everything you need to know about welding wire. You will learn what types of welding wire exist and what marking is.

general information

So what is welding wire? Often this is a metal rod wound into a bobbin. The reel is inserted into the feed mechanism and the wire is directed into the welding zone in automatic mode or in a mode set by the welder. The wire can also be fed manually by simply unwinding the reel.

The wire can be solid, hollow or interspersed. But we will talk about this later. Made from various metals. For example, steel, aluminum, brass and so on. The wire material must be identical to the metal you are welding. That is, if you are working with an aluminum part, then the wire should also be aluminum.

Types of welding wire

There are three types of welding wire: solid wire, flux-cored wire (also called flux-cored wire), and activated wire. Let's take a closer look at each type.

Solid wire or solid wire is made from pure metal. There are no impurities or additional substances in it. This is the simplest type of wire and the most common. It is often used when welding in a shielding gas environment.

Flux-cored wire, also known as wire for welding without gas. Based on the name, it is clear that such wire is used for welding without shielding gas. But how is this effect achieved? After all, welding without gas entails a deterioration in the quality of welding and generally complicates the work process.

It's simple: flux-cored wire has a special hollow design. In appearance it looks like an ordinary solid wire, but inside it is hollow. And this cavity contains special powder substances that act as flux and replace gas. This wire is used in cases where it is not possible to deliver a gas cylinder to the welding site. For example, at altitude.

Now about the activated wire. Activated wire is the most interesting type. It combines solid wire and cored wire. How is this possible? The fact is that this wire takes all the best from the previous two types. It borrowed its design from solid wire and its protective properties from powder wire. Only, unlike flux-cored wire, in this wire the protective impurities are not poured into the cavity, but are evenly distributed throughout the “body” of the wire.

What to pay attention to

We would like to draw your attention to the fact that it is not enough to simply select the type of wire and start welding. You need to know in advance what type of work you will be doing. Because each wire is designed to perform a specific job.

Agree, semi-automatic welding wire is unlikely to be suitable for cutting. Also, the wire can have different diameters. It is selected based on the thickness of the metal being welded. The greater the thickness, the larger the diameter of the wire. The diameter can be from 0.8 to 12 millimeters.

The most popular is 3 millimeters.

As we wrote above, the wire can be intended for welding various metals. Wire can also be classified according to this criterion. For example, the store sells titanium welding wire, which is used for welding titanium.

Also, before welding, you need to familiarize yourself with the composition. After all, welding wire also differs in its filling, as well as alloying. That is why, in order to correctly select the filler material, you need to know the composition of the welding wire.

A separate topic is the marking of welding wire. We'll talk about this later.

Wire marking

Marking is a set of letters and numbers in which the main characteristics of the wire are encrypted. Absolutely all wire is marked, regardless of its type or purpose. Within the framework of this article, we will not be able to list all the brands of welding wire, since there are more than 70 of them. But we will tell you how to decipher the brands yourself.

For example, the wire grade Sv-06Х19Н9Т was chosen. It is often used in electric welding, so it is very popular.

Let's start with the letters "St". “SV” means that this wire is intended for welding only. Not for cutting or any other work. Based on this, we understand that the first two letters describe the purpose of the additive. There is also the designation “Np”. It means it is a surfacing wire. Flux cored wire is designated "PP".

After this, a number describing the carbon content is indicated. In our example it is 06, which means 0.06% carbon of the total mass of the filler material. Following carbon, it is indicated which metals are present in the wire and in what quantities. In our example, this is chromium (“X”) in the amount of 19% (“X19”), nickel (“H”) in the amount of 9% (“H9”0 and titanium (“T”). If the metal content is less than 1% , then the quantity is not indicated, as is the case with titanium in our example.

But what if the welding wire contains other letters? For example, Yu or D. It is enough to remember what they mean. “M” is molybdenum, “C” is silicon, “F” is vanadium, “C” is zirconium, “D” is copper, “G” is manganese, “U” is aluminum.

Popular brands

We said above that there are more than 70 brands of filler wire. They are not easy for beginners to understand, so we will list the most popular brands. Suddenly you will find among them exactly the one you need.

Let's start with the Sv-10G1SN brand. This brand is one of the most frequently used. This wire is widely used in gas shielded welding. Low alloy structural steels can be welded. The brand is used in many areas of industry: from mining to oil refining.

Source: https://svarkaed.ru/rashodnye-materialy/flyus-i-svarochnaya-provoloka/vsyo-chto-vam-neobhodimo-znat-o-svarochnoj-provoloke.html

How to choose a welding wire: rules for selection and features of the welding machine

Wire is a long metal product that is used in many areas of electrical engineering, mechanical engineering and construction:

1. In construction, steel wire is mainly used for constructing barriers, making meshes, and reinforcing structures.

2. In mechanical engineering they are used for the production of wire ropes, nails, springs, welding electrodes, hardware, and reinforcement of structures (including metal cord).

3. In electrical engineering - for creating heating elements, rheostats, current-carrying cables.

Since wire is considered a hardware product, almost all hardware factories produce it in large quantities. At the moment, the use of wire can be found in any area - in households and everyday life, in construction and industry. It is widely used for the manufacture of fences, chain-link mesh, welded mesh, electrodes, nails and springs.

It is an indispensable element in ropes and cables, rheostats, electrical wires and various heating devices. In addition, it is widely used for strengthening reinforced concrete structures as reinforcement

The diameter of the wire, depending on the future purpose of the rolled metal product, can vary from 0.3 to 6.3 mm.

In addition, this material can be produced galvanized, or without coating at all (this parameter depends on various operating conditions).

Wire classification

When welding in semi-automatic mode, the wire acts as a consumable electrode. The heat generated from the electric arc melts the edges of the metals and the electrode. A weld pool is formed, which, after final crystallization, forms a weld bead.

GOST 2246 establishes more than 70 names (grades) of wire, which are divided by application, type of materials being fused, and size.

Array

Test methods

The following methods have been developed for checking the quality of manufactured products:

• weight;
• volumetric gasometric;
• dives.

Their reliability is based on the sampling method of the general theory of statistics. Therefore, as experience shows, it is sufficient to sample one sample from each given batch.

The first method involves visual inspection and weighing. Visual inspection allows you to determine the condition of the selected sample, determine the diameter and depth of detected defects.

These parameters are usually measured using appropriate measuring instruments. The diameter and degree of ovality of the steel wire are measured in two planes using a micrometer. Then the obtained data is checked against GOST 6507-78.

A prerequisite for such measurements for galvanized wire is the absence of excessive sagging.

Wire quality control

Based on this method, the mass of zinc located on the surface of the sample is determined by calculating the difference in the mass of the sample with zinc and the mass of the sample with the coating removed. Next, the arithmetic mean is calculated using a well-known formula. The error of such estimates, when thoroughly tested, does not exceed 0.001 g.

Next, they begin to evaluate the sample according to the following indicators: bending, stretching, and tearing. If the diameter of the selected sample does not exceed 0.5 mm, it is possible to replace the conventional test with the size of the gap with a formed knot.

Download GOST 3282-74

After this, a test is carried out for the so-called winding. Wind the steel wire onto a rod of the same diameter as the wire itself. If the diameter exceeds 6 mm, then the diameter of the rod should be twice the diameter of the sample. Then the weight characteristics are measured.

It is used in resolving controversial situations and for conducting arbitration analyses.

Volumetric gasometric method

In preparation for research, the entire zinc coating of the sample is removed down to the steel surface. For this purpose, it is immersed in a special solution.

The final result is calculated as the arithmetic average of several test results.

Heat-treated steel wire

The order in which this method is implemented is determined by the following sequence of operations:

• from the presented sample, several pieces of wire of the same length are selected (the difference in length should not exceed 0.5 mm);
• each section is thoroughly degreased (degreasing solutions can be: alcohol, gasoline or other suitable chemical solutions);
• then, using the chemical properties of zinc, they dissolve it (they try to catch all the hydrogen released);
• in laboratory conditions, the volume of hydrogen produced is measured;
• using a well-known formula, the surface density of zinc is calculated;
• In sulfuric or hydrochloric acid, the so-called zinc stripping is performed.

Immersion method

In this method, the selected sample is immersed in a solution of copper sulfate. The density of the solution should be 1.116 g/cm3. At a temperature of 18 °C.

In this case, the following order is followed to obtain the results:

• prepare several test steel bars of the same length (usually 150 mm);
• carry out degreasing with washing with distilled water;
• each steel sample is thoroughly wiped from traces of liquid and dried;
• then dipped into the prepared solution (it contains copper sulfate);
• the distance from the location of the bars to the surface of the solution should be 100 mm, immersion time - 60 seconds;
• six steel samples are tested simultaneously;

After the test, the remaining copper coating on the surface of the bars is checked. If there are areas with remnants of copper coating on the surface of at least one steel bar, the sample did not pass the test. The assessment is made visually.

For carbon steel

To connect low-carbon and low-alloy steels (st. 3, 09G2S), copper-plated welding wire is used. The process is carried out in a protective gas environment (carbon dioxide). Thanks to the copper coating, the seam is durable, with good mechanical properties and resistance to destruction.

Another advantage is minimal spatter, which reduces the labor intensity of cleaning after welding. Disadvantages include harmful copper fumes released during welding.

Calculation of section parameters using a table

Having made the necessary measurements, you can determine the cable cross-section using the indicators in a special table. By measuring the thickness of the core diameter using a special table, you can determine the cross-section.

The cable cross-section calculation table is as follows:

Thanks to this table, you can find out the necessary information very quickly and without unnecessary problems. The table shows the cross-sectional area of ​​different cables and allows you to significantly simplify the calculation process, because some novice electricians, using only a formula, find it difficult to determine this indicator.

For stainless steel

For welding steels of austenitic, austenitic-ferritic classes with the addition of chromium, nickel (12Х18Н10Т, 08Х18Н10Т), a copper-plated electrode is not suitable - the welding site will quickly become covered with rust.

In this case, stainless steel wire is the best option. The material is characterized by corrosion resistance, high melting rate, and heat resistance. The same is true for welds.

The protective gas mixture is formed by inert argon, helium with the addition of a small amount of carbon dioxide. Among the disadvantages is the high price.

Flexible cable cross-section measurement

For a multi-wire flexible cable, its own method of measuring cross-section is used. This method consists of the following points:

• wrap one vein from the bunch around a pencil;
• measure the length of all turns;
• divide the length by the number of turns and multiply the result by the total number of wires.

The method is quite simple and understandable, so absolutely everyone can use it. To take measurements correctly, you need to perform all actions as carefully as possible.

This procedure is not difficult for professional electricians, but it will not be so easy for beginners to cope with this task. In such a responsible process, the main thing is to do everything carefully and then you can get the most accurate result.

For aluminum

Alloys such as AMg2, AMg5, etc. welded with aluminum wire. Inexperienced welders may encounter a number of difficulties. To obtain a high-quality weld you need:

Remove the refractory oxide film from the surfaces of parts by mechanical treatment (circles, brushes with stainless bristles) or chemically (etching).

Select optimal welding modes. Aluminum wire is very soft and melts much faster than steel wire. Even slight resistance in the sleeve causes the material to begin to curl.

Determining cable cross-section using a ruler

It is possible to measure the cable cross-section by using a simple ruler. This is a very old method of taking measurements, but it is no less effective than carrying out the same actions using special instruments. To take a measurement using a regular ruler, follow these instructions:

• carefully strip the core of insulation;
• tightly screw the core onto a regular pencil;
• measure the total length of the winding using a ruler;
• divide the winding length by the total number of cores present in the cable.

When winding a core around a pencil, you need to make sure that you get at least 15 turns. The coils should be pressed very tightly against each other, so that there is no free space between them. It is necessary to take measurements not just once, but several times in order for the result to be as accurate as possible.

It is important! This method is only suitable for determining the diameter of thin wires. If the cable is thick, it will be very difficult to wind it, which will not allow you to do everything efficiently and take accurate measurements.

Powder

Many experienced welders, when asked which welding wire is better, answer – flux-cored wire. If all previous welding materials had a solid cross-section, then this one is a tube with a powder filler.

As the powder evaporates, it works like flux - it protects the weld pool from contact with the atmosphere. Therefore, the consumable is sometimes called self-protective - there is no need for gas cylinders.

Depending on the composition of the charge, fluorite, rutile, carbonate-fluorite and other varieties are distinguished. Factors that limit the mass use of flux-cored wire are high price, impossibility of use at the slightest deformation, and careful cleaning of the fused edges.

Welding wire: brands, markings, types

Flux-cored welding wire STURM! WW1001F. Photo 220Volt

Welding work is carried out with any materials - it can be cast iron, steel or non-ferrous metals. Technologies make it possible to perform these works on productive automatic and semi-automatic machines . The functionality of this equipment is ensured by consumables in the form of wire .

Application

The main purpose is to use consumables on semi-automatic machines in an atmosphere of protective gas . In cases where self-shielding wire is used, welding is performed without gas.

Wire is used as a surfacing material if it is necessary to change the geometry of the surface of a part or add additional properties (surface hardness, corrosion resistance, etc.).

Aluminum welding wire ER4043 (1.6 mm; spool 6 kg) ELKRAFT 93614. Photo AllInstruments.ru

Some types serve as blanks for electrodes . The most commonly used is low carbon wire.

Designation, explanation, characteristics

Welding wires are designated on the basis of regulatory documents. Such documents are GOSTs and TUs.

• Positioning of the steel welding (surfacing) wire is carried out as indicated by GOST 2246-70. An example of a solid marking with a diameter of 1.6 mm, made of material 01Х19Н9, from which electrodes can be obtained, electroslag remelting is used in manufacturing technology, the surface is coated with copper - wire 1.6 Sv-01Х19Н9-Ш-Э-О GOST 2246-70.
• Marking of flux-cored wires is carried out in accordance with GOST 26271-84 . An example of the name of a powder, brand PP-AN1, with a diameter of 2.5 mm, gas-protective, weld yield strength 54, according to the chemical content of category B, 3 - with an impact strength of at least 35 J/cm2, welded in a wide variety of spatial positions - PP-wire AN1 2.5 PG 54-V3U GOST 26271-84.
• Surfacing is performed using flux-cored wires that meet the requirements of GOST 26101-84 . An example of the designation of such wire brand PP-Np-18Kh1G1M, structurally made in the form of a two-layer tube, self-protecting, with a diameter of 2.0 mm, class 1 - PP-Np-18Kh1G1M-D-S-2.0-1 GOST 26101-84.

Welding wire SV-01Х19Н9

• Consumables for aluminum alloys must comply with GOST 7871-75 . An example of the name of a wire pressed from aluminum alloy SvAMts, with a cold-worked surface, 3.0 mm in diameter, supplied in coils - wire P.SvAMts.N 3.00xBT GOST 7871-75.
• Cast iron additive : solid grades PANCH-11, PANCH-12, MN-25 or powder PPSV-7, PP-AN4-5 must fit into the requirements of the design and technical documents for the product. Other regulatory documentation may be technical specifications, for example, for wire PANCH-11 TU 48-21-593-85.
• Wire based on titanium materials is manufactured according to GOST 27265-87 . An example for a wire with a diameter of 2.0 mm made of titanium alloy grade OT4-1sv is wire OT4-1sv GOST 27265-87. A popular brand is titanium wire VT1-00Sv.
• copper-based additive is produced in accordance with GOST 16130-90. An example of copper wire, solid, with a diameter of 1.0 mm, in coils, from the MNZh5-1 alloy - welding wire DKRHT 1.0 BT MNZh5-1 GOST 16130-90.

Kinds

The wires are classified according to parameters such as tasks performed, type of structure, surface coating, chemical composition.

By purpose

In addition to working under standard conditions, where general-purpose wire is used, wire is produced for welding under special conditions.

General purpose welding wire Sv-08G2S-O Fubag. Photo VseInstruments.ru

This can be welding with forced formation of a weld seam, underwater welding, welding of reinforcement using bath technology and similar non-trivial methods. Here the wire differs in chemical composition, coating and other design features.

By structure

Based on their mechanical structure, the following wire structures are distinguished.

• Solid. It is a stretched solid calibrated core, assembled using in-line placement into coils, coils or cassettes. Mechanical properties allow it to be used on automatic and semi-automatic machines.

ESAB OK Autrod 12.64 is a solid copper-plated wire alloyed with 1.7% Mn, used for semi-automatic welding of carbon and low-alloy steels. Photo Welding Technologies

• Powder tube is a hollow tube filled with powder (flux) with special properties. This structure makes it difficult to adjust wire drawing on semi-automatic machines. The forces of the rollers, in addition to creating a high-quality feed, should not turn a round tube into an oval one.

Flux cored (flux-cored) welding wire WESTER FW08100. Photo 220Volt

• Activated. In terms of the possibilities of use in semi-automatic machines, it is similar to the solid one. The same solid core, but with the addition, for example, in the form of thin layers, of components used for flux-cored wires.

By surface type

The quality of semi-automatic welding depends on the condition of the wire surface. Coated with copper, it significantly increases the stability of the welding arc. This is created by improving the supply of current to the welding zone due to the good electrical characteristics of copper, as well as reducing the resistance of the wire feed through the hole in the feed tip.

FoxWeld Copper-plated welding wire ER70S-6 d. 0.8 mm. 5kg. Photo Welding Technologies

The advantage of uncoated “black” wire is its cheaper economic component. Uncoated wire can be produced with a polished surface. This type is similar in characteristics to wire with a copper-plated surface.

By chemical composition

The chemical composition of the welding wire must correspond to the composition of the materials being welded . This requirement explains the variety of types of wire in chemical composition - from wire made from ordinary low-carbon steel to alloyed wire with a large number of elements.

Alloy welding wire DECA ER70S-6 0.8 mm. Euro-cassette, 5 kg. Photo Welding Technologies

By the number of alloying elements

The properties of the wire directly depend on the amount of alloying elements included in it. The following types of alloy welding wire are distinguished:

• low alloy (up to 2.5% element content);
• medium alloyed (from 2.5% to 10%);
• highly alloyed (over 10%).

Flux-cored alloyed welding wire Bars in a cassette. Photo Welding Technologies

The use of alloyed filler material makes it possible to maintain, and in some cases improve, such unique properties of the base material as corrosion resistance, heat resistance, heat resistance and others.

For different materials

In addition to steel, there is wire for welding cast iron and non-ferrous metal alloys (aluminum, copper, titanium and others). This makes it possible to use semi-automatic welding for different materials. To obtain a high-quality weld, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of materials when setting welding parameters.

Stainless steel welding wire in the molten state has increased fluidity. This makes welding in vertical and overhead positions very difficult. The high melting rate of stainless steel requires the welder to have qualifications when forming a seam.

Stainless steel wire MIG ER-308LSi (1 kg; 0.8 mm) Cedar. Photo VseInstruments.ru

cast iron casting defects (sinks, cracks) is carried out by welding. The fluidity of cast iron is an obstacle when welding through cracks.

The high temperature of the welding arc with prolonged exposure leads to a change in structure, which makes the cast iron at the welding site brittle and prone to cracks. Semi-automatic welding heats a limited surface area.

The seam is formed by individual successive points. This minimizes the influence of the above properties on the quality of welding.

The welding process of non-ferrous metals is accompanied by the appearance of refractory oxide films. This places high demands on the shielding gas - usually highly purified argon. High thermal conductivity requires semi-automatic machines to have a pulsed welding mode to reduce the risk of burning through the materials being welded, especially thin sheets.

By diameter

The choice of wire diameter is directly related to the thickness of the materials being welded. The smaller the thickness, the smaller the diameter. According to this rule, the welding current parameter varies . Recommended diameter sizes:

• equipment with welding current up to 200A - wire with a diameter of 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm is used;

Aluminum welding wire STARWELD Al-Mg5 1 mm. Photo 220Volt

• with a current of 200-350 A - diameters 1.0 mm, 1.2 mm;
• with a current of 400-500 A - diameters 1.2 mm, 1.6 mm .

Stamps

The variety of types of wire (there are about 80 types of steel wire alone) will always allow you to choose the best option for welding. The following brands are most commonly used.

• Sv-08G2S - used with copper-plated and non-copper-plated surfaces, an analogue is ER70S-6. Using this low-carbon and low-alloy wire, a large number of steel grades are welded using semi-automatic machines. Therefore, wire is produced by many manufacturers, including world market leaders ESAB and DEKA. During operation, the electrode practically does not stick, and splashing is minimal. The protective atmosphere is created by argon or carbon dioxide. To perform work in accordance with argon arc welding technology, other types of materials are also used.

Reel of welding wire PANCH-11 with a diameter of 0.8 mm. Partal Photos

• Sv-06Х19Н9Т – used for welding stainless steels. Can also be used as surfacing and blanks for the manufacture of electrodes. Reduced carbon content increases the ductility of the weld. The large amount of chromium allows it to be used as an additive for materials used in the oil, food and chemical industries.
• PUNCH-11 – used in semi-automatic welding of cast iron products. Elimination of cracks, cavities and other similar defects is the main purpose of this filler material. Moreover, this is done without heating the workpiece and in the absence of protective gas. The welding seam can be processed without problems, there are no critical internal stresses, so the part is not susceptible to warping.

Flux-cored welding wire: application, characteristics, features, pros and cons

Welding wire is an important part of any metalworking work. If we are talking about semi-automatic welding, then welding is impossible without this accessory.

To improve the quality of work, there are several types of wire. It is needed for many types of metal. The wire is made of copper, aluminum or steel.

Powder stands out significantly from the rest. It is possible to work without using gas. At the same time, metal processing is possible in different locations.

In our article we will talk about what powder-based wires can be. We will talk about the advantages of working with such material in metalworking.

Total information

The core cable is considered an empty tunnel that is produced from metal. There may be flux inside it, which is combined with metal powder. You can work with this type of wire if we are talking about semi-automatic equipment without using gas.

If the wire is made in the CIS countries, it is needed for a certain steel. We are talking about durable black metal and low carbon options. There are fewer other types.

The cable may have a specific function, or be ordinary. Wire is an impurity matter. You can work with them when there is metalworking in any workshop type of welding. Common wires are used in factories and for everyday purposes.

The cored wire works so that the arch ignites easily and burns stably. In this case, the cables melt slowly and there is no spattering.

Slag separation occurs in the inner part of the wire. It comes off easily when you need to clean the surface. To do this, it is important to reduce the temperature of the part. The connection will be smooth if you already have experience working with a welding inverter.

Pros of work

The first thing you need to know is that you can operate a semi-automatic without using gas. A cylinder operating on a gas installation is not needed. The wire is intended for metalworking without gas.

It contains fluxes in its interior. When the wire burns, it comes out into the outer part of the apparatus. In this case, a cloud appears that has the characteristics of gas compounds.

With this technology, metal processing is possible in any location, even in hard-to-reach ones. Do not transport heavy cylinders. The only thing you need to do is thread the wire into the machine and feed it into the weld pool yourself.

You need your other hand to guide the torch. The connection will be visible. You will be able to watch how it is formed.

Self-shielding wires intended for metalworking are used in industry for surfacing purposes. The use of cored wires helps in obtaining metal with a similar composition of parts.

You need to buy wire, which consists of flux and metal powder. The wire is selected based on what metal is used in the work.

Disadvantages of work

Flux cored wire has disadvantages. They can be both important and secondary in metalworking. But you still need to pay attention to them.

Craftsmen note the fragility of the wire, which is intended for arched metalworking. We are talking specifically about powder types. If it is tucked into the mechanism and a lot of force is applied, it may break.

Another disadvantage when working is the limited placement. You can do metalworking vertically or from below.

This state of affairs is explained by the relative size of the bath during metalworking. Slag will appear at the top of the metal, which plays a negative role in this matter.

Vertical metalworking can be difficult. The issue will not be resolved even if you reduce the current strength.

This is due to the diameter of the cored wires and their output from 2.5 mm. In order for such a wire to function correctly, high current levels must be used. The cable will melt without interruption.

Craftsmen also say that the connections are of poor quality. Powder core cables have a void inside. It is impossible to place the flux inside so that it fits tightly to the structure.

There are large pores. Beginners who do not have much experience in welding face significant difficulties.

How to use cored wire

If you have once worked with natural welding using electrodes, then the new method will not bring difficulties for you. Powder additive is similar to conventional metalworking using electrodes. In this case, flux is used.

You can work in several ways. It is possible to feed wires independently, as well as to hold them in your hands. Another option is that you place the wires in the device and make the process simple.

9 times out of 10, when working with cored wires, you need to use static current and the opposite polarity. Certain cable models require the use of active current.

This happens in rare cases. This happens because direct current creates strong welds. In this case, the metal does not splash.

You need to watch how the cable flies out. The indicator should be from one and a half to two centimeters. You will find the exact figure in the instructions for the device.

It must be remembered that the burner must comply with the parameters. The hole at the outlet should be larger in diameter than the wire. The end of the light should be copper or one that consists of a copper alloy.

When making a connection, do not make any sudden movements with the torch. Everything should happen smoothly and using small fluctuations. Remember how the wire should be lit.

Before metalworking is carried out, it is heated in a furnace or using a torch. The outlet temperature should be 250 degrees.

The impurity material is heated for 120 minutes or more. The wire should not be heated if it consists of organic elements.

Let's sum it up

The wires used for semi-automatic welding are made of metal if we are talking about shielding gas. They can be made of flux, which will work in a similar way to gas.

The use of such wires will result in poor-quality seams. But sometimes powder additives are indispensable in work.

In many cases, the technician is unable to move the large device. If metalworking is carried out in a difficult location, then cored cables will be indispensable.

Even though there are pros and cons to this wire, sometimes they are not comparable to other materials. If you have had experience working with such wire, then write about it in the comments. We wish you success in your work!

Source: https://prosvarku.info/prisposobleniya-i-detali/poroshkovaya-svarochnaya-provoloka

What you need to know about welding wire

When working with a semi-automatic or automatic machine, welding wire is often used. Its use is possible with the use of gas and when welding without it. Filler wires are supplied in spools and have different diameters and core compositions. This is general information about one of the main components of the welding process; let’s dwell on this topic in more detail.

What is welding wire

The wire is used as a filler material, which, when heated, melts along with the base metal, forming a monolithic joint. The wire is wound onto a reel with a certain meter.

The reel is inserted into the feed mechanism of an automatic or semi-automatic machine, the feed rate is adjusted, and when the machine is turned on, the welding additive begins to flow into the welding zone. The welder can also use it manually. The filler rod varies in its properties and sizes.

But there is one single rule in all welding work - the composition of the wire and the material being welded must be the same. If you are welding aluminum, then the core of the rod should also be made of the same alloy.

What types of wire are there?

There are three types of additives:

• solid, a commonly used type of wire, used in semi-automatic and automatic devices using protective gas. Made of metal, does not have any additional properties;
• powder, it contains a special composition inside a hollow tube that can replace gas. The use of such wire is not universal, but only in exceptional cases when it is not possible to deliver a gas cylinder directly to the welding site;
• activated, combines the properties of the first and second types, that is, the rod core consists of solid metal, there are no voids in the middle, and the protective medium is located not inside, but outside, so the metal is completely covered with a protective composition.

Which wire to use must be decided depending on the type of work you are going to do. Each type of wire provides the necessary operating conditions only in certain modes. Cutting and welding with the same wire will not work. There is also a parameter for the thickness of the welding wire.

It is selected based on the thickness of the metal itself. The thicker the working surface, the larger the diameter of the rod must be used. The most common diameter is 3 millimeters, but on sale there are from 0.8mm to 12mm.

It is worth paying attention to the composition of the wire; they differ in the content of additional substances that help improve the chemical and physical properties of the metal.

What is marking

The numbers and letters that you see on the box of welding wire describe in detail this product, who produces it, for what purposes it is used, in what modes it is supposed to work, what is the composition of the rod and other important information. Today we will teach you how to read the markings, then you can accurately choose exactly the component that is ideal for your welding.

For example, let’s take the most commonly purchased wire for electric welding, marked Sv-06Х19Н9Т. What do these symbols mean?

The first two letters indicate the type of work performed by this wire. There are three types of abbreviations:

• St - wire is used only for welding and no other;
• Np - wire is intended for fusing an additional layer of metal;
• PP – cored wire.

That is, in our case, we understand that this brand is only applicable for welding.

06 - this number indicates the carbon content in the total amount of components of the filler material. We have 0.06 percent.

Below are the steel grades and their quantity in the welding wire. They are designated by letters, according to the established classification. You can look them up on the Internet, but usually the first letter of the metal corresponds to the name. In our example, Х19Н9Т means:

• X19 – chromium is contained in an amount of 19 percent;
• H9 – nickel is present in 9 percent;
• T – titanium; if there is no number next to the letter, this means that the percentage of the substance in the total amount of the alloy is less than 1 percent.

If other letters are used in the marking, their designation may be as follows:

• Yu – aluminum;
• G – manganese;
• D – copper;
• C – zirconium;
• F – vanadium;
• C – silicon;
• M – molybdenum.

Most popular brands

There are more than seventy brands of wire on the market. Here are the most popular types, perhaps among them you can choose the appropriate marking for your welding work.

1. Sv-10G1SN - this brand is intended for welding using shielding gases. It can weld low-alloy and structural steels. Used in the mining and oil industries.
2. Sv-10GA, Sv08A and Sv08 are ideal options for argon welding and are well suited for gas welding. Most often they are used when working with water pipes.
3. Sv-06Х19Н9Т is the brand from the example described above. Like the Sv08KhN2M grades, Sv08KhMFA are intended for welding of low-alloy steels. Such wires are inexpensive and work well.
4. Sv-08N50, Sv30Х25Н16Г7, Sv07Х19Н10Б, Sv10Х17Т and Sv08Х20Н9Г7Т – these grades are good for welding high-alloy steel.

Choosing the right wire is not an easy question, but it can be solved. It is enough to understand what metal you are going to connect or disconnect. You can get acquainted with all existing brands of filler wire in a guest house or ask a consultant in the store to help you with your purchase.

Source: https://svarka-weld.ru/chto-nuzhno-znat-o-svarochnoj-provoloke

Types and purpose of welding wire

Welding wire is used for various types of welding: manual arc, semi-automatic, automatic, gas, argon arc and others. A large number of different brands of products are produced, but they all lend themselves to a certain classification.

Currently, there are 77 brands of welding wire designed to work with different materials.

Purpose

According to their purpose, welding wire is divided into general and special purpose products. General purpose wire is used for welding (marked Sv) or surfacing (Np) work for all types of steel, as well as for the manufacture of electrodes (E). Special-purpose wire in most cases is made of the same material as the product being welded, with some additives:

• For semi-automatic or automatic welding of aluminum or its alloys, wire made of the same material or with additives of magnesium and silicon is used. When using argon welding, flux is additionally used;
• To work with stainless steels or heat-resistant alloys, high-alloy heat-resistant welding wire is used. It contains silicon to ensure weld quality and carbon to prevent intercrystalline corrosion;
• work with copper is carried out with copper wire under a layer of flux;
• for welding nickel, wire made of the same material is used with the addition of manganese (up to 2%), silicon (up to 0.8%), titanium (up to 0.1%) and magnesium (up to 0.3%);
• Cast iron is welded with wire containing iron, nickel, copper, manganese, silicon and carbon;
• For welding titanium, argon arc welding using titanium flux-cored wire is used.

Surface type

Based on the type of surface, welding wire is divided into copper-plated (marked with the letter O) and non-copper-plated. Both types of products allow you to obtain a neat, strong and reliable welding seam. They provide continuous operation with low consumption of filler materials and stable arc burning.

When welding in shielding gas, the properties of the weld metal and its alloying depend on the welding wire. In this case, the condition of the electrode surface is important. Copper coating is used to protect it from corrosion. Additionally, it makes it possible to reduce the force of pushing the wire and reduce metal spattering by 30-40% compared to corroded samples. This type of product is used to work with low-alloy and carbon steels.

Copper-clad wire

Structure

Based on their structure, there are three types of wire:

1. Solid. Used in automatic or semi-automatic welding and electrode production. It can be steel, copper or aluminum.
2. Powder. It is a hollow tube filled with a mixture of chemicals, minerals, ferroalloys and ores that perform the same functions as the coating of a consumable electrode. The wire can be self-protective (marked PS) and gas-protective (PG). When working with the first, the protective cocoon creates a burning flux. It has three varieties:

• rutile-organic is used for welding low-carbon steels at low currents;
• carbonate-fluorite is used when working with low-carbon and low-alloy steels when assembling critical structures;
• fluorite flux occupies a middle position between the first two.

Gas shielding wire needs the use of shielding gas. It is characterized by low spattering, easy slag separation, and high resistance to pore formation. Self-shielded flux-cored wire is used for semi-automatic and automatic welding of low-carbon and low-alloy steels. Both types of cored wire are available in both general and special purpose versions.

Cored wire

1. Activated wire is similar to cored wire, but contains significantly less flux. Its basis is steel wire Sv08G2S. Used for semi-automatic welding of low-alloy steels in a carbon dioxide environment.

Varieties

It should be remembered that for each metal you need to choose the right type of wire. The quality of welding and seam will depend on this. Using clean, non-rusty and free of roughness wire will make the seam much more flexible and of better quality, which means it will provide maximum protection against corrosion. There are these types of wire:

• Copper-plated wire is a wire product that is used for arc welding of carbon and low-alloy steels, ensuring uninterrupted operation of any welding machine. When used, it minimizes metal spattering and also guarantees high quality welds.
• Powder - usually has the form of a tube consisting of low-carbon steel, filled with special deoxidizer powders and slag-forming substances. Typically used for automatic welding, it helps minimize the formation of slag and helps reduce the amount of work required to clean up seams.
• Solid wire is used for semi- and automatic welding and for the manufacture of electrodes.
• Non-copper-coated wire is used for mechanized welding, as well as when working with parts made of low-carbon steel, which does not require correction of the quality of the seams.
• Activated wires are products that also consist of powder fillers and are used for welding in carbon dioxide.
• Gas welding – used for welding work with carbon and low-carbon types of steel.
• Aluminum - widely used in semi-automatic welding of aluminum structures, gives the welds low porosity and is used in the dairy and shipbuilding industries.
• Stainless steel wire is used to connect stainless steel types, the deposits of which protect against corrosion and cracks.
• Flux - used for semi-automatic welding of carbon, medium-carbon and low-carbon types of steel.
• Alloyed - helps to carry out any welding in different gas mixtures, is an ideal welding material for argon welding.

Classification

When choosing a welding wire, you need to immediately decide what goals you want to achieve, and also carefully study the purpose of each type. For this purpose, there are groups of classifications containing alloying elements in the composition:

1. Contain a low carbon content in the filler material.
2. The composition contains a small amount of alloying substances.
3. High alloy wire for welding.

Steel welding wire is considered the most popular for use in various welding purposes. In accordance with GOST 2246-70 standards, as many as 77 types of different sections are distinguished, in millimeter sizes:

1. Dimensions of 0.3-1.6 mm are used for welding metal products in shielding gas using automatic or semi-automatic welding.
2. For the manufacture of electrodes, sections of 1.6-12.0 mm are used.
3. To work with submerged arc welding wire, sections with dimensions of 2.0-6.0 mm are used.

Marking

Marking of welding wire is used to understand what materials the welder will have to deal with. Every welding master should have a good understanding of markings in order to avoid problems with the final work, as well as to ensure their own safety.

Decoding welding wire

The first digits of the marking indicate the diameter, measured in millimeters. Then there are two specific letters that indicate the purpose of the products (SV - welding and so on). A further indicator shows the carbon content in the welding wire, measured in hundredths of a percent.

Next are letters indicating the presence of certain alloying components (X - chromium, etc.). If the content of these elements is more than 1%, their indicator is located after the letter. The designation of the letters A or AA means purity relative to harmful impurities.

Welding wire products for creating electrodes have the letter E in the designation, while copper-plated wire is marked with the letter O.

Chemical composition for welding steel

Electrodes used in steel welding must guarantee good mechanical properties of the weld joint at a high level, as well as high productivity when welding parts. A consumable electrode is a welding wire of infinite length.

Wire grades for welding carbon steels in various gases

There are three groups of welding wire products according to the chemical composition of GOST 2246-70:

1. Carbon steels (contain carbon in an amount of no more than 0.12%) are used for welding work with low-carbon and medium-carbon steels.
2. Alloyed, designed for welding low-alloy and heat-resistant steels.
3. Highly alloyed, used when working with chromium-nickel, stainless and other types of alloy steels.

We recommend! Types and classification of electrodes for welding

Manufacturers of welding wire products

Here are some Russian welding wire manufacturers:

1. "SvarMontazhStroy" - LLC, a well-known Russian company for the production of wire for any type of welding. Thanks to modern equipment and European technologies, the production of products meets the highest standards.
2. The organization Petromet LLC, which belongs to the Leningrad Steel Rolling Plant, is engaged in the manufacture of welding wire products.
3. Veld-Metiz LLC is a Russian company located in Moscow, producing various types of wire.
4. OJSC Volgograd Steel Wire Rope Plant.
5. OJSC West Siberian Metallurgical Plant, located in the city of Novokuznetsk.

Thus, welding wire products today are an effective and practical product that is widely used by welders to create flexible electrodes, as well as as a filler material in the case of manual, semi- and automatic welding.

Source: https://svarkagid.ru/materialy/primenenie-svarochnoj-provoloki.html