How to properly twist wires in a junction box

How to properly twist wires in a junction box - All about electricity

The electrical network got its name for a reason. It covers all rooms like a web, ensuring the operation of the equipment. To distribute energy between individual connection points (sockets, switches), junction boxes are used. One cable goes into them, but several come out. A prerequisite for safe operation of the electrical network is to twist the wires correctly and accurately. To do this, you can use different methods.

To better understand how to do twisting correctly, let’s figure out what options exist, the order, and the features of their implementation. Electricity is considered one of the communications that “do not forgive” mistakes.

The result of illiterate actions is damage to the device, short circuit, or fire.

Beginning craftsmen often ask: is it possible to connect the wires in the junction box yourself? Of course, but before that you should take the time to study the rules and features of electrical work.

Wire connection methods

There are different ways of tightening wires in a junction box: crimping, welding, soldering, various clamps. Some require more time, special materials, and equipment. Others are easier to implement, but poor execution significantly reduces their reliability.

Twisting is popular among folk craftsmen. The PUE classifies it as an unreliable method that does not guarantee reliable contact. It is usually used as a temporary option, for example, when checking the functionality of a circuit. In addition, it is considered preferable for sagging, loose networks. Advantages:

• ease of execution;
• minimum tools;
• Easy to disconnect if necessary.

One of the disadvantages is the difficulty of working with wires of different sections: the difference in resistance leads to heating of the insulation, its gradual melting. They try not to use this method for multi-core cables, since the probability of a circuit break is high.

Do not twist copper and aluminum wires: the result will be unreliable, the point of contact will become a source of increased resistance.

The easiest way to twist wires is by twisting the previously stripped ends together. The tools you will need are a knife and pliers. First, a section of the core 5 cm long is cleared of insulation. The bare ends are crossed, bringing the individual parts as close as possible. Then use pliers to rotate the crosshair, bend it in any direction parallel to the main line, and isolate it.

Types of wire connections

You can use another option, when the stripped ends are folded in the middle and interlocked. Then the wires are wrapped together. For reliability, they are crimped with pliers and insulated. Electricians know many methods of twisting: parallel or serial bandage, groove. Correct twisting should ensure the most complete fit of the cores.

Electrical tape is usually used for insulation. It is necessary that it extends at least 2-3 cm onto the insulation. You can use a thermotube. It is first put on the cable, then moved, covering the contact point. The tube should tightly grip the wiring, so it is heated a little.

For crimping, you will need a special sleeve, selected for the size of the bundle and the cable material. The stripped ends of the core are inserted into the sleeve, crimped with press pliers, and insulated.

In terms of reliability and quality, welding gives the best results. In fact, they get a one-piece structure that is protected from oxidation and rupture. To perform this you will need a welding machine, carbon electrode, and flux. Step-by-step implementation instructions:

• strip the ends of the cable from insulation, bring them to a shine with sandpaper;
• twist the wiring;
• fill the recess of the electrode with flux;
• weld the contact point.

Clean the resulting “ball” from flux and coat it with varnish. Similar actions are performed when soldering. Here the contact is provided by solder melted using a soldering iron.

Twists of copper and aluminum wires

A lot has been written about why copper and aluminum should not be combined with each other. The consequence of such contact is its heating, subsequent combustion. There are several reasons for this behavior of metals:

• Difference in thermal expansion coefficients. Metals expand differently when heated and contract when cooled. Therefore, their connection gradually deteriorates.
• Formation of an oxide film on aluminum. The film prevents the passage of current, the conductor heats up, and the connection is gradually destroyed.
• Violation of the aluminum structure during electrolysis. Copper and aluminum form a galvanic couple. Under the influence of moisture, dissociation of ions begins, which leads to the destruction of the metal. The resulting shells and voids conduct current poorly and cause heating.

The presence of aluminum wiring in houses leads to the need to combine it with new copper conductors. Using simple rules, you can avoid heating the contact and ensure its reliability. When performing twisting, it is important to wrap the conductors around each other. The number of turns is more than 3 for a thick wire, at least 5 for a thin wire (less than 1 mm). The finished connection is sealed with a protective varnish that is resistant to water.

Maximum reliability is ensured by a method in which the copper is pre-coated with solder. This creates reliable contact between single and multi-core conductors. To do this, the multi-core wire must first be tinned with solder, it will become single-core.

To make the contact detachable, use a bolt, nuts, and spring washers. All elements are placed on the rod one by one, avoiding the combination of copper wires and aluminum. For example: a conductor with a diameter of less than 2 mm will fit perfectly on an M4 bolt.

The development of electrical engineering has brought new comfortable ways of working with different materials. An example is a terminal block. Its advantages:

• comfortable;
• reliable;
• eliminates contact between bare areas.

The end of the core is stripped of insulation (approximately 5-10 mm), inserted into the hole, and clamped with a screw. The terminal box is indispensable when restoring a broken circuit or connecting a chandelier. It can only be placed in the wall in a junction box.

The Wago terminal block is deservedly popular. It can be disposable or reusable (with a lever). The terminal block works simply: insert the cable with force, it is fixed. Disadvantage: more expensive than other traditional means.

The danger of twisting copper and aluminum wires

Twisting wires of different sections

Often the master is faced with the task of connecting wires of different diameters in a junction box. This can be done in several ways: twisting followed by soldering (welding), screw terminals, self-clamping terminals, bolts, nut-type couplers, tinned copper lugs.

The easiest way is to twist wires in a box that are similar in thickness (for example, 4 and 2.5). With a large difference, it is difficult to ensure high-quality contact. The wires must wrap tightly around each other, then they are welded or sealed. A strong connection will last for many years without complaints.

A reliable contract between conductors of adjacent cross-sections is created by the ZVI screw clamp. The cables are inserted from different sides, each clamped with a separate screw. The choice of clamp is made taking into account the characteristics of the conductors and the permissible current. Execution principle:

• strip the ends by 2-3 cm;
• insert them into the box;
• tighten the screws.

If the wires have a large cross-section, you can twist them using a Wago self-clamping terminal. Its peculiarity is the presence of special sockets for each core. Marking the terminal body will help you figure out how many wires you can twist and what cross-section.

Long-lasting contact of the wires in the junction box is guaranteed by a bolted connection. It allows you to fasten two, three or more wires using nuts, washers, bolts. Step-by-step mounting instructions:

• strip the core by 3 cm (you should get a full turn);
• prepare a ring from the core according to the diameter;
• put a washer on the bolt, a ring of one conductor, another washer, a ring of the second conductor;
• Place the next washer and tighten with the nut.

This way you can connect several wires together. Their number is limited only by the length of the rod.

The question often arises: how to twist the wires together to branch from the main line in the distribution panel? The solution most often is a branch compression, in common parlance - a “nut”. It allows you to branch a line from it without cutting the main line.

To do this, the desired place in the main part is cleared of insulation, a clamp is attached, and an additional “branch” is inserted. It can also be used to connect two separate cables. When choosing a “nut”, you need to know the cross-section of the main cable and branches.

Using compression, you can connect a copper wire to an aluminum one.

The body of the “nut” is not sealed. To protect it from moisture, dust, and debris, it should be insulated.

The compression connection procedure is simple:

• disassemble the housing by removing the retaining rings with a screwdriver;
• strip the insulation (the length corresponds to the dimensions of the die);
• loosen the fastening;
• insert the cores into special grooves on the dies;
• carefully (without overtightening) tighten the bolts;
• place the die in the body;
• close the housing, install retaining rings.

  How to connect a lamp if there are three wires

To work with a thick cable, you will need copper-tind lugs and crimping pliers. The connection turns out to be bulky, so you will need to provide enough space in the box for it. A ferrule is put on each core, crimped, secured with a bolt and nut, washer, and insulated (with electrical tape, heat pipe)

Reliable wire connection

Errors when twisting wires

A common mistake when twisting is to wrap one wire around another. This option does not provide the required mechanical strength. The conductors should wrap around each other evenly. It is unacceptable to screw a thin conductor onto a thick one; a tight fit will not be achieved.

The length of the twist depends on the cross-section of the wires. It should be at least 3-5 cm. Options for clutching in a ring, loose fit, or not twisted are unacceptable.

Direct connection of copper with aluminum leads to rapid destruction of the contact. Craftsmen often forget to install an intermediate plate, which will prevent direct contact of metals.

Source: https://contur-sb.com/kak-pravilno-skruchivat-provoda-v-raspredelitelnoy-korobke/

Wire connection diagram in the junction box

The distribution box is the center for connecting wires, which, in turn, are connected to sockets, switches and other electrical devices. There are internal (hidden) and overhead (on the surface, convex) depending on the installation.

Let's move on to the positive and negative points that will show the appropriateness of the junction box:

• free access to the connection point of the wires. For example, if a socket or switch malfunctions, you can easily find the non-functioning section of the circuit. This will allow you not to violate the integrity of wallpaper, plaster and other surfaces when twisting is achieved;
• anticipating the need for additional sockets (you can easily increase the number of connectors, unlike parallel connections);
• reliable and correct connection of wires in the junction box - connection using terminals (there is enough space in the junction box to accommodate various terminals, which would take up significant space in the wall);
• relatively high level of fire safety;
• violation of the harmony of the interior (the thickness of the wall may not allow installing the box inside, so you will have to install it in an overhead way);
• a cheaper method than running a separate cable to each outlet or switch.

wiring diagram for connecting wires in a junction box using twisting

As you can see, the junction box is a means that ensures high-quality operation of electrical appliances.

Important: before working with wiring, be sure to turn off the power supply at the switch. Inform everyone in the house orally and in writing (by hanging an appropriate sign on the switch) that work is being done with electricity and do not touch the switch.

Screw terminal blocks

screw terminal blocks

They can connect wires very easily. All you have to do is tighten the screws on the contacts. But you need to screw it in carefully, without overtightening the screw, as the copper contact may break. Also due to thermal expansion and contraction, the contacts become loose or overtightened, which requires tightening or replacing the screw.

Spring terminals

More reliable because they do not depend on thermal expansion and contraction in the cold.

All terminals are small. The pads can have many contacts (usually up to 20). The terminal blocks themselves are made of plastic that can be cut to fit the number of pins required.

spring terminals

Twist

A method that requires special attention when implementing it is twisting. When connecting wires, you need to wrap them around each other for better contact. If twisting is unsuccessful, the connection may loosen due to heat. In the worst case, a spark may occur, which is dangerous. To prevent this from happening, put on PPE (connecting insulating clamp.)

Important: twisting with PPE is perhaps the most reliable and cheapest connection. It has one drawback - increased labor intensity.

wiring diagram for connecting wires in a junction box using twisting

Bolted connection

The first wire will be under the bolt head and washer. Then another washer is put on. The second wire wraps around the axis of the bolt. The nut is tightened. Such contact must be completely and carefully insulated.

Important: when insulating connections with electrical tape, at least three layers must be used for safety reasons.

Soldering

After removing the insulation, you will need to clean the wire with sandpaper and apply flux to the wires. After this, you should melt the solder with a soldering iron and make sure that it flows into the twist itself. Usually copper wires are connected by soldering, but if you have special solder, you can also solder aluminum ones.

Please note: Soldering should only be used in applications where the wire will not be exposed to extreme heat.

Welding

Similar to the previous method - welding. It is of very high quality because the wires melt into one single wire. Such a compound will withstand heat and will not succumb to oxidation.

It is necessary to strip the wires, twist and trim them so that the ends of the wires are equal. The twist must be at least 5 cm long.

Afterwards, a heat-conducting copper clamp is installed and the “ground” of the device is supplied. A charged electrode special for welding wires is brought up. During the welding process, a contact point is formed at the end of the twist.

Finally, you need to insulate the exposed areas.

Welding is very reliable, but it requires certain qualifications when working with the device.

Important: the welding time should not be more than 1-2 seconds, because the insulation of the wires may be damaged.

Crimping

The last method considered, observing the wiring diagram in the junction box, will be crimping.

To do this, you will need a special sleeve with a suitable diameter to thread the twist into it. The edges of the wire, stripped of insulation, should not extend beyond the sleeve. To complete the connection, you need to compress the sleeve with press pliers and insulate it. Crimping is one of the most reliable connections.

There are quite a few ways to connect wires in a junction box and they need to be used, taking into account the load on the contact, the location of the box, the thickness and material of the wires. Of course, we can single out the most reliable ones: welding, crimping and twisting.

according to the wiring diagram in the junction box:

Source: http://karkasnik.su/inzhenernye-kommunikacii/jelektrika/cxema-soedineniya-provodov-v-raspredelitelnoj-korobke

How to properly twist wires in a junction box

More and more powerful electrical appliances are appearing in our homes: coffee makers, kettles, air conditioners, boilers, etc. All this significantly increases the load on the home power supply network. The first thing that reacts to increases in circuit current is the wire connections.

They are the first to lead to fires if they are not made in the appropriate way. And if there are several of them, and even in a closed distribution box, then the total heat generated is summed up and increases.

This means that the distribution box is a particularly important and responsible node in terms of the load capacity of the network.

I will tell you three reliable ways to connect wires in a junction box, which I use myself and recommend to others.

Welding wires

The first in terms of reliability is wire welding. Produced by a special welding machine using a graphite or tungsten electrode. Due to the melting of the metal, the structures are mixed and the wires become one. If possible, use it.

Pros:

• The most reliable connection of all presented.
• Suitable for aluminum and copper wires.

Minuses:

• Requires special equipment.
• Labor-intensive and not always applicable.

Soldering wires

The second most reliable method of connecting two or more wires is soldering.
Produced with a regular soldering iron using conventional solder and flux used in radio engineering. This is the most affordable way. First, a twist of several centimeters is made, and then it is sealed along the entire length.

Pros:

• A very reliable connection with the proper length of soldered twist.
• Available to most DIYers.

Minuses:

• Labor-intensive and not always applicable.
• Applicable to copper wires only.

Wire crimping

The third most reliable method is crimping wires with lugs. Due to its speed and reliability, it is often used by electricians when laying wiring in new houses.

Pros:

• Very fast, requires minimal time to create a reliable connection.
• Suitable for aluminum and copper wires.

Minuses:

• It is necessary to have special crimping pliers and tips.

Conclusion

Conventional twisting, screw terminals, terminal blocks, caps, clamps - in my opinion, an electrician with 20 years of experience is not a reliable connection of wires! By reliability, I mean that the connection is capable of withstanding, without unnecessary heating, the same current that the wire itself is designed to withstand for the entire period of operation. Of course, I use VAGO terminals and twists in my work, but I try to do this either in light wiring, where the maximum current does not exceed 5 Amperes, or in other examples with low current. Connecting lamps with such terminals is very convenient and fast, you can’t argue with that.

Now many people will begin to tell me that VAGOs are very reliable, designed for high currents of 32 A, etc. But my many years of experience, unfortunately, indicate the opposite.

Therefore, the three compounds given at the beginning can be used and not worry about the consequences in the future.

Source: https://kanalizaciya.online/elektrika/elektroprovodka/kak-pravilno-skruchivat-provoda-v-raspredelitelnoj-korobke.html

How to connect wires in a junction box

Let's assume that you are a bit of an electrician and decide to install or replace the wiring in your own house or apartment yourself. But if you don’t know any other way than to connect the wires in the junction box using simple twisting, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with this material. After all, there are many methods for reliable joining of contacts: welding, soldering, crimping, as well as the use of electrical connectors. Each of the options must be applied correctly and in the right place.

Soldering and welding of wires

Modern requirements set out in regulatory documents (PUE) prohibit splicing electrical wiring by conventional twisting, regardless of the insulation method. But if the twisted wires are soldered or welded, the contact will be reliable and will comply with all the rules.

Let's look at how to connect current-carrying parts of cables in a junction box using desoldering:

1. Remove the insulation from the wires at a distance of about 3 cm and sand them with fine sandpaper.
2. Twist the strands tightly together using pliers.
3. Using rosin and solder (POS 61 brand is suitable), carefully tin the connection so that molten tin flows into the space between the wires.
4. Insulate the joint with heat shrink tubing or wrap it with adhesive tape.

Note. Soldering copper is not difficult, but oxidized aluminum sometimes has to be treated with acid.

Connecting wires by welding is performed in the same manner, only instead of a soldering iron, a device with a carbon electrode is used. A special recess is made in it, into which flux is poured, after which the device is plugged into the network, and the electrode is pressed against the twist until an influx is formed in the form of a small ball.

The advantage of this method is the durability of the joint and the ability to connect wires of different sections, including multi-core ones, in the junction box. Due to its reliability, the connection is successfully used in power lines with various loads, but it has some disadvantages:

• Do not solder or weld copper conductors with aluminum ones;
• This connection is permanent and in case of alteration according to a new scheme, the contacting areas have to be bitten off.

Reference. Soldering contacts is often used when installing low-current networks, for example, telephone cables and radio points.

Disconnection by crimping method

In this case, the reliability of the connection of the wires in the junction box is ensured using sleeves made of the same metal as the conductors - aluminum or copper. To complete the job, you will also need special press pliers, shown in the photo.

Note. Some would-be electricians practice crimping sleeves with ordinary pliers, which is unacceptable. Correct fixation of contacts is carried out only with pliers.

Now about how to connect electrical wires in a box in this way:

1. Perform termination and twisting of wires as described above.
2. Place a sleeve over the twisted ends (it should be matched to the diameter and fit tightly).
3. Crimp the sleeve with pliers in two places.
4. If the distribution boxes are installed outdoors, the connection is insulated with heat shrink, ensuring tightness. PVC insulating tape can be used indoors.

This joining option has the same pros and cons as welding: you can connect wiring of different sections and numbers of wires, but you cannot connect contacts made of dissimilar metals.

Application of connecting terminal blocks

Terminals for quick connection of wires are of 2 types:

• screw clamps in the form of blocks;
• Wago type self-clamping connectors

The technology for splicing electrical cables using terminal devices is quite simple. The wires need to be exposed only 1 cm and inserted into the clamps. In the first case, the cores are fixed with screws, in the second - with levers or automatic latches. By the way, terminals with latches are disposable, while terminals with levers are used repeatedly.

We list the advantages of screw terminal blocks:

1. Fast and reliable docking.
2. Ability to connect copper wiring to aluminum.
3. Provides a detachable connection.
4. Does not require additional insulation.

One of the disadvantages of the pads is their size. It happens that when there is a large accumulation of wires coming from several switches or sockets, the screw connector does not fit inside the junction box. Point two: single-core wires are fixed without problems, but multi-core wires are flattened with screws, which is not good. Therefore, it is better to pre-tin such ends.

Wago clamps, which allow you to connect up to 4 wires of the same cross-section, have the same advantages as screw terminals, but take up less space. In this case, the operation of disconnecting the entire junction box will take about 5 minutes, which is very convenient for installing electrical wiring. Judge for yourself: the bare end needs to be inserted into the clamp with pliers until it stops and that’s all.

Reference. Similar devices are often used for laying Internet cables and other low-current networks.

Since there are cheap products on the market from various Chinese manufacturers, self-clamping terminal blocks have acquired a dubious reputation.

The fact is that in low-quality connectors, the contact weakens over time, causing them to overheat and melt.

If you purchased original Wago products, then there will be no problems; in other cases, it is better not to take risks and connect only lighting wires with clamps (power supply to switches, chandeliers, and so on). Wire the sockets using a different method.

The master will tell you how to use self-clamping terminals correctly in his video:

Plastic PPE caps

The abbreviation SIZ stands for connecting insulating clamp. It is a cone-shaped cap made of plastic, which contains a steel spring with an anodized coating.

The technology for using the product is as follows:

1. Remove the insulation from the wires to be connected to a distance of 2-3 cm.
2. Gather the wires into one bundle and insert them into the cap until it stops.
3. Applying force from the blind part, turn the cap by hand 2-3 turns. A traditional twist is formed inside, secured with a spring.

Such clamps are quick-release and reusable, provided that the spring was not damaged during dismantling. With their help, the connection in the box is made quite quickly, does not require insulation and does not take up much space.

Important point. In order for the PPE cap to provide reliable and durable contact, it must be selected according to the diameter corresponding to the total cross-section of the wires being connected. For the correct selection, use the table:

Details on how to connect wires in a junction box in various ways, including using caps, are described in the video:

Junction box and what it is

All wires that supply electricity to a house or apartment come out of the electrical panel. Each room has several sockets and switches. To collect all the wires in one place and assemble a wiring diagram, junction boxes were invented. This is where they are connected for the further operation of all devices. For laying the wiring, established rules are used, described by the PUE, which stipulate the rules for laying wires and cables.

It also contains recommendations regarding the conduct of connections and branches of wires, specifically in the junction box.
According to these recommendations, the wires are laid along the top of the wall, at a distance of 15 cm from the ceiling surface. As soon as the wire reaches the turning point, it is lowered perpendicularly down, and the specialist installs a box at the branch point. According to this principle, all wiring cores are connected according to a given diagram.

Depending on the type of installation, the boxes are:

• internal, used for hidden wiring;
• external, used for external connection.

When installing an internal box, you need to make a hole in the wall, into which the box is then installed. When the cable is supplied and connected, the box is closed and the lid is flush with the wall surface.

In some cases, such a box is masked with wallpaper or a thin layer of plaster. If the thickness of the walls does not allow installing an internal box, then the only option is to install an external type box.

It is mounted on the wall surface, so complex preparatory work is not required.

Depending on the shape, the box can be:

The number of pins varies, in most cases there are 4, but sometimes there are more. Each terminal is equipped with a thread or fitting to which it will be convenient to attach a corrugated hose. The corrugated hose is designed for convenient location of electrical wires, so replacing a damaged cable will not cause difficulties even for a beginner:

• disconnect the corrugated hose from the junction box;
• disconnect from the socket or switch;
• pull a little;
• pull out;
• put another in its place.

If the cable was laid in a groove, then replacing it will be more difficult.
You will need to dig into the wall and remove the damaged cable, and lay a new one in its place. After such work, the wall will have to be repaired. The task of distribution boxes:

• Increase the maintainability of the power supply system. The accessibility of all connections allows you to identify the damaged section of the circuit. If all the wires were laid in corrugated hoses or pipes, then replacing damaged ones will not cause much difficulty.
• Providing free access to connection points. Since the majority of electrical problems arise from poor-quality or incorrect connections, you can easily check their condition by opening the junction box.
• Ensuring fire safety.
• Financial savings. By using a distribution box, you don't have to run a cable to each outlet.

Types of connections

The distribution box is designed to connect electrical wires. It doesn’t matter how this will be done, the main thing is that the end result ensures the reliability, safety and performance of all devices. Several methods are used to connect:

To determine for yourself the optimal method of connecting wires, you need to disassemble each of them and find out the advantages and disadvantages of each method.

Terminal blocks

These are plastic parts, inside of which there is a brass bushing with screws on both sides.
To fasten using this method, you need to insert the stripped ends on both sides of the block and tighten the screws with a little force. This method is not complicated, but you need to keep in mind that the pads come with different outlet holes, suitable for a certain wire cross-section size. Advantages:

• low cost;
• reliable connection;
• possibility of connecting aluminum conductors with copper ones.

Flaws:

• Such products are often found with poor quality, so it is difficult to talk about a high-quality connection.
• They allow you to connect only two wires to each other.
• Such blocks are not recommended for connecting aluminum and stranded wires. This is because aluminum is very brittle and the wires are very thin, so if the screws are over-tightened, the contacts may be damaged.
• Soldering can provide a more reliable connection.

connects wires by a clip

Spring terminals

This is a more modern invention, which has become an indispensable and effective assistant when performing such work. Unlike the previous version, a special mechanism is used instead of a screw, which allows you to carefully fix the wire without damaging it. The connection principle is very simple, the stripped ends are inserted into the holes of the box. You can find several models of these products on the market.

They come in disposable and reusable types. Disposable pads are intended for one-time use; if they are damaged and need to be replaced, the pads must be replaced with new ones, since the previous ones cannot be saved. They are not reused.

Reusable terminals cost a little more, but you can change wires and reconnect them using the same spring terminals.

Advantages:

• possibility of connecting wires made of aluminum and copper;
• the ability to connect several cores at a time;
• connecting a thin stranded wire without damage;
• compact dimensions;
• it will not take much time to work;
• high-quality connection;
• built-in indicator to monitor the operation of the electrical network.

The only drawback of such terminals is their high price.

PPE caps

Connecting insulating clips, this is how PPE stands for. People call them more simply, caps. Externally, they resemble caps made of plastic. There is a spring inside that holds the cores. Such products are most often used to fasten cores in junction boxes.

Advantages:

• affordable price;
• lack of possibility of fire, which is explained by the material of manufacture;
• quick installation;
• large selection of products in sizes and colors.

Flaws:

• insulation and fixation are not of high quality;
• connecting aluminum to copper is impossible.

Crimping with sleeves

This option is considered the most reliable. Its essence is simple: for joining, insert the stripped ends into a special sleeve and crimp. Finally, the sleeve is insulated. The arrangement of the wires can be any, from two stolons of the sleeve, or from one. In the first case, the junction of the wires should be in the middle of the sleeve; in the second case, the total cross-section of the wires should not be larger than the cross-section of the sleeve.

Advantages:

• high quality connection and insulation;
• low cost.

Flaws:

• Once a cartridge has been used, it cannot be restored; it is disposable.
• Availability of special tools: press jaws and pipe cutter.
• the presence of a special sleeve for fastening aluminum and copper cores.
• Installation work this way will require more time.

Soldering or welding

All experienced electricians recommend using welding or soldering. To connect several cores in a junction box, follow these steps:

• expose the ends of the wires;
• twist the prepared ends;
• solder the wires with a soldering iron or gas torch;
• let the solder cool;
• insulate the ends with electrical tape, heat-shrink tubing or cambric.

Please note that cooling ends with solder in water is strictly prohibited, as this may lead to deterioration in the quality of the bond.
Advantages:

• reliable and strong fastening of wires.

Flaws:

• availability of special tools and skills to work with them;
• complexity of the soldering process;
• permanent connection point;
• restrictions on some conditions of use, stated in the PUE;

Stranding and insulation

An old but effective way of fastening two or more wires.
The principle of work is simple: strip the ends and carefully twist them together using pliers. The twisting area must be insulated. Advantages:

• ease of operation;
• minimal material costs or their complete absence if you already have purchased electrical tape.

Flaws:

• not the best quality bonding;
• Aluminum and copper conductors cannot be connected.
• increase in twist resistance over time.

In most cases, this method is used when carrying out temporary electrical wiring, and cambrics are used for insulation.
At the moment, the PUE prohibits this method of connection because over time the twisting resistance increases and the contacts begin to heat up.

Walnut clamp

Fastening with a “Nut” clamp is used quite often.
This is a clamp with two plates and 4 screws at the corners. To fasten, you need to strip the ends of the wires, insert them into the plate and secure them with bolts. Place a carbolite shell on top. Advantages:

• low cost;
• no difficulties during fastening;
• connection of copper and aluminum conductors;
• high class insulation.

Flaws:

• such fastening requires periodic checking, and if loosened, the screws must be tightened;
• The dimensions of such a clamp will not allow it to fit into the junction box.

Using a bolt

Fastening with bolts is not only the simplest method, but also quite effective. All you need for the job is a bolt, 3 washers and a nut. The essence of the fastening is very simple, you need to put a washer on the bolt thread, screw on the protected core, again a washer on top, again a core, and another washer completes it. At the end of everything, the bolt is firmly tightened with a nut and insulated.

Advantages:

• minimal costs and easy execution of work;
• connection of aluminum and copper conductors.

Flaws:

• poor quality of fastening;
• high consumption of electrical tape;
• the bolt with electrical tape may not fit into the junction box.

What to do if there are several wires?

In a normal situation, you only had to connect two wires.
But what if there are several such wires? There are several solutions for this:

We have already told you how to connect the wires in the junction box, and which one you use is up to you. But experts advise giving preference to the first method, as it is the most effective.

What to do if the wires are of different sections?

For high-quality joining of wires with different cross-sections, experts recommend using spring or regular terminal blocks. Your goal is to firmly fix the wires with a screw. If the wires used are made of different materials, then to prevent oxidation you need to use pads with paste.

An alternative method of fastening would be to solder them.

How to connect stranded and solid wires

There are no special conditions for fastening such wires separately, so you can use any of the above methods. For convenience, we have given the advantages and disadvantages of each of them, so after studying them carefully, you can easily decide on the fastening method.

Source: http://electry.ru/elektromontazhnye-raboty/kak-soedinit-provoda-v-raspredelitelnoj-korobke.html

Connecting wires in a junction box: diagram, twisting and soldering

Connecting wires in a junction box requires the master to comply with all conditions. If the connection is incorrect, not only household devices are at risk, but also the safety of your home. There are rules and regulations that must be followed when connecting conductors in a junction box.

What is a junction box for?

One of the tasks of the distribution box is to organize the conductors

Wires and cables coming from the electrical wiring should be distributed to different rooms in the apartment. Each room may have multiple power points.

To connect all the conductors, a special device is used, which is called a junction box (also called a junction box or branch box).

All conductors from consuming devices are laid in them in accordance with the strict rules of the PUE.

Distribution boxes are divided into internal and external. The internal ones are mounted in a special niche in the wall; only the box lid remains at the same level with the finishing. External junction boxes are mounted on the wall.

There are round and rectangular boxes. The number of conclusions is 4, but additional ones can be made. There is a thread on each terminal for mounting.

The advantages of the distribution box include:

• Improving system maintainability. Unattended contact is potentially dangerous.
• Systematization of switching.
• Simplicity of preventive examination.
• Increased fire safety. This is especially true in wooden houses, where the slightest spark can cause a fire.
• Savings when laying cables.

According to certain rules, the conductors in the box are connected.

Methods for connecting conductors

Wire connection methods

There are several types of creating contact between conductors in a junction box. The choice depends on the material of the cores, environmental conditions, the number of wires, and the cross-section of the connected cables.

The most common connection methods:

• terminal blocks;
• wago spring terminals;
• self-insulating clamps;
• twist;
• crimping;
• soldering;
• nut type clamp;
• bolted connection.

According to the requirements of the PUE, you cannot simply twist the wires. This is not safe for living.

Wago terminals

Wago terminals in junction box

Wago pads are a spring mechanism. They are the most popular devices for creating contact. Compared to standard terminal blocks, docking occurs using a lever. It allows you to maintain the integrity of the conductor and not damage it. Before use, the conductor is stripped of insulation. The wires are then inserted into the hole.

Pros:

• the ability to connect dissimilar materials - for example, aluminum and copper wires;
• joining several cores at once;
• thin wires are not damaged;
• small sizes;
• easy to install;
• reliability of fastening;
• possibility of installing an indicator to monitor the state of the electrical network.

The only disadvantage of Wago products is their high cost.

Self-insulating clips (PPE)

These devices consist of a plastic cap with a spring to secure the cable.

Main advantages:

• low price;
• non-flammable plastic;
• ease of installation;
• wide choice of color shades.

Disadvantages include poor fastening properties and the inability to join dissimilar materials.

Walnut clamp

This type of clamp is a device with two metal plates and four bolts located in the corners. The stripped conductor is fixed in the plate and covered with a carbolite shell.

Advantages:

• low cost;
• ease of installation;
• joining different metals;
• high quality insulation.

The disadvantages of "Nut" include weakening of contact over time and the need to tighten it. The clamp is also large in size, making it inconvenient to install in a junction box.

Bolted connection

Bolted wire connection

One of the simplest and most inexpensive ways to connect wires is contact using bolts. All you need to do the job is a bolt, washers and a nut. The connection is quite simple - a nut is put on the bolt thread and the core is screwed on. Then another nut is placed and the second core is applied. Everything on top is pressed with a third washer and ends with a nut. The top of the contact is covered with insulation.

The bolted connection has the following advantages:

• price;
• ease of installation;
• Copper and aluminum can be combined.

Flaws:

• low quality of fixation;
• the need for a large amount of insulation.

Also the bolt is quite large and difficult to fit into the junction box.

Docking of cores with different sections

When connecting wires with different cross-sections, use Wago terminal blocks

Cable products are produced with different sections. The larger the conductor area, the greater the load it can withstand. To contact two wires with different cross-sections, wago terminal blocks are used. If the conductors are made of different materials, then a special block will be required, inside of which a special composition is applied that protects the contact from oxidation. Also, wires of different sizes can be secured by soldering.

Carrying out work in land and water

The need to install wires in underground or underwater conditions is quite rare. In these cases, certain conditions must be adhered to in order for the contact to be strong and reliable.

Laying wires in water can be done using a special electrical installation - a submersible pump. Then the ends of the conductors are soldered and treated with insulation. You need to put a heat shrink tube on top. If the recommendations and operating conditions are followed, the contact will be of high quality and reliable and will last for many years.

If the electrical wire is laid in the ground, the same method of protection is used. But if you want to make an even more secure connection, you can clamp the ends of the cable with a terminal block.

The connection box for the wires must be sealed. Additionally, it is filled with silicone. To protect against rodents, the wires can be laid in a durable tube or cable.

Basic wiring diagrams

In addition to connecting the wires in the distribution box, you will need to branch them into sockets and switches. You can connect the wires in different ways depending on the type of devices and type of wiring.

Connecting the socket group

Connecting the socket group

The socket group is usually separated into a separate independent line.

There are three wires in the box with different colors. Each has its own purpose. Brown is the phase conductor, blue is zero, and yellow-green is ground. Other colors may be used less frequently.

Before laying the wires, they should be cut to the same length and leave a margin of 10-12 cm.

It is recommended to first check the purpose of the cores using a tester.

Connecting a one-button switch

Connecting a single-key switch

If a switch is connected, the number of groups will also be three. The connection method will be slightly different. There are three inputs - from the box or electrical panel, from the lamp and from the switch. The phase must be connected to the switch button. From the output of the switch, the conductor is led to the lighting device. The light will only work if the contacts on the switch are closed.

Connecting a two-button switch

Two-key types of switches are often used. They are capable of providing two groups of lamps. Their connection diagram is somewhat more complicated. A three-wire cable is connected to the switch.

One of its conductors is the common contact of the switch, the rest are sent to the outputs from the buttons. The phase is combined with a common contact. The zeros should be connected from both groups of lighting fixtures. The phases from the lamps and the conductors from the switch are combined in pairs.

One pair is from the switch to the phase of the first lamp, the second is from the switch to the second light bulb.

Source: https://StrojDvor.ru/elektrosnabzhenie/kak-pravilno-soedinit-provoda-v-raspredelitelnoj-korobke-soglasno-pue/

How to properly connect wires in a junction box

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All work carried out in the field of electrical engineering requires a careful and balanced approach. Each operation must be carried out in strict accordance with technology. Therefore, quite often, novice electricians have a question about how to connect the wires in the junction box.

Purpose and types of distribution boxes

In an apartment or private house, the distribution of electrical networks begins with a panel installed at the entrance.

However, as practice shows, each room requires additional distribution of wires due to the presence of several connection points, mainly switches and sockets.

All lines drawn to these points are connected in junction boxes. Thus, in addition to a reliable connection, free access to wires and cables is provided for performing various operations.

Depending on the type of installation, distribution boxes can be external or internal, designed for hidden installation. In the second case, a hole is prepared in the wall to the size of the distribution box. After installation, the box cover will be in the same plane with the wall surface. The outer box is fixed to the wall surface and covered with finishing materials, for example, plasterboard.

Junction boxes are usually round or rectangular in shape. They are equipped with four pins, and in some designs there may be more.

Each terminal has a thread or fitting for more convenient fastening of corrugated hoses or plastic pipes where the wires are laid. In the future, this greatly simplifies the replacement of a damaged cable.

It is easily disconnected in the box, and then from the switch or outlet and pulled out through the pipe. In the same way, a new wire is laid in its place.

Methods for connecting wires in junction boxes

The connection of cables and wires in junction boxes can be done in different ways. The simplest method, although not entirely reliable, is considered to be ordinary twisting. Due to weak and unreliable contact, overheating and short circuit of the wires may occur. This method is recommended to be used temporarily, for example, to check how the assembled circuit works. However, even with temporary use, it is recommended to follow certain twisting rules.

For stranded wires, the insulation is stripped to approximately 4 cm. The wires are separated from each other by a distance of about 2 cm. The connection is made to the junction of the undivided wires. The conductors are first twisted with fingers, and then the twist should be tightened securely with pliers and insulated with tape or heat shrink tubing. Connecting single-core wires is much easier. They are twisted together over the entire length of the area cleared of insulation.

Special mounting caps are often used for twisting. They provide a more reliable connection, high-quality contact and insulation. Each cap consists of two parts: an outer one - plastic and an inner one, with a metal part in the form of a cone, inside of which there is a thread.

This connection allows you to increase the contact area and is excellent for two or more wires. The twisting process itself is very simple. You need to remove the insulation by about 2 cm and lightly twist the connecting ends. Then you need to put a cap on the twist and turn it with force several times so that the wires get inside.

The dimensions of the caps are selected in accordance with the cross-section and number of connected conductors.

Soldering is considered one of the most reliable methods. Before connecting the wires, it is necessary to tin them with rosin or a special soldering flux. Then the conductors are twisted, the tin is taken onto a heated soldering iron and the twisting is heated until the molten metal flows between the turns. The connection is completely enveloped, thereby establishing high-quality contact.

If you have an inverter welding machine, the connection of the wires can be made using welding carried out over the entire twisted area. If the cross-section of the core is 1.5 mm2, a current of 30A is required, with a cross-section of 2.5 mm2 - 50A.

Welding of copper conductors is performed with graphite electrodes. The ground is carefully connected to the top of the twist, and an electrode is brought to the bottom. After a short touch, an arc appears, producing instant welding.

The connection point must cool down, after which it must be insulated.

When connecting wires in a junction box, you must not forget about the terminal blocks. They can be screw or with clamps. The required number of conductors is inserted into a certain place, after which they are securely connected using screws.

Junction box installation

Source: https://electric-220.ru/news/kak_pravilno_soedinit_provoda_v_raspredelitelnoj_korobke/2016-07-23-1027

How to connect wires in junction boxes

Installation of electrical wiring, as a rule, begins with laying the cable. The next important operation is connecting the wires in the junction boxes. It sometimes seems to the uninitiated that fiddling with such boxes is just a waste of time, and the presence of these electrical installation elements for them is tantamount to the loss of the aestheticism necessary in finishing work.

Today I will tell you why it is absolutely impossible to do without junction boxes, as well as what rules determine the connection of wires in them and what nuances exist when connecting some of the main elements of the apartment electrical system through these boxes.

What explains the need for junction boxes?

If distribution boxes are not used during the electrical installation process, and the wire connections are simply rolled into plaster, then if you need to get to them, you will have to completely destroy the wall finish: tear off the wallpaper, break the plaster, and so on. Such a prospect can hardly suit anyone.

In addition, sometimes there is a need to install additional sockets. In such cases, it is much more convenient to connect to a distribution box rather than pulling wires from existing sockets.

Some may say that junction boxes can be replaced with terminal blocks. However, such a solution is completely impractical, since its implementation will require cutting deeper grooves and, therefore, more significant labor costs.

You should also know that the presence of junction boxes is due to fire safety requirements.

Connecting wires in junction boxes: rules that must be followed

The main methods of switching wires are determined by the Electrical Installation Rules (PUE).
Wire connections inside junction boxes can be made:

• using terminal blocks. Since these elements are small in size, they can be easily placed in the internal cavity of any junction box. During the installation process, the work consists only of cutting the wire to the required length, connecting the cores and placing the assembled assembly inside the box.

• using soldering. This method is more suitable for real professionals who have sufficient experience in performing this type of work. If a person does not have the relevant experience, he can spend a lot of time and still not achieve the required quality of connection.
• crimping. Pressed connections are among the most reliable among permanent ones. Crimping is a rather labor-intensive operation that requires both certain skills and special devices (press jaws, sleeves, heat-shrinkable tubes).

When performing crimping, the stripped conductors are inserted into the ends of the sleeve, and it is pressed tightly. An important nuance is that before starting this operation, a heat-shrinkable tube is put on any of the two connected leads, which, after crimping, is moved onto the sleeve and heated to shrink it.

Separately, it is necessary to make an important clarification regarding twisting, which has sparked quite a lively discussion on the site. Such a connection of wires both in the distribution box and in other places in the electrical network can only be temporary.

If the wires were connected somewhere by twisting, no matter how reliable it may be, this connection must subsequently undergo full processing using one of the methods described above. It is this approach that is determined by the provisions of the PUE.

The order of switching wires going to sockets and lamps

Basic switching inside apartment distribution boxes is carried out to service lamps and sockets. Since the order of connections is different for these devices, we will talk about them separately.

Connecting wires leading to sockets

With sockets, things are quite simple: the wires are connected to each other in compliance with color:

• phase – gray, brown or black wires;
• zero – blue or light blue;
• grounding – yellow with a green stripe.

If there is no grounding in the wires, and they are two-wire, then the situation is even simpler: conductors of the same color are connected in pairs.

How are the wires going to the lamps connected?

If we are talking about a lamp controlled by a single-key switch, then you only have to connect a couple of wires: zero - with a conductor going straight to the lamp; the phase should be passed through the switch.

If the chandelier is controlled by a 2-key switch, the connection order will change slightly. From the switch you should pass 2 wires, responsible for different groups of light bulbs, while their zero will remain common.

So, we talked about how wires are connected in junction boxes. It would seem that this matter is not so complicated. However, electricity is a dangerous thing and, if you do not have the proper qualifications, you should still contact professional electricians to perform any work.

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Source: https://www.allremont59.ru/inzhenerka/elektrika/kak-pravilno-soedinit-provoda-v-raspredelitelnoj-korobke.html

How many wires can be twisted into one twist?

Currently, simple twisting of wires as a type of electrical connection is prohibited. But at the same time, it is often used for greater reliability of contact in other connection options, for example when welding conductors.

Previously, I already talked about all the permitted methods of connecting wires when installing electrical wiring. For a truly reliable and durable connection that will pass any test, be sure to choose one of these.

Now I will tell you in more detail about how many wires can be twisted together . Moreover, you will learn a simple rule, following which you can easily determine the required number of wires of any cross-section for twisting .

And, if you wish, you can twist at least 50 cores together, but I highly do not recommend doing this, now I’ll tell you why.

Many professional electricians will tell you literally the following: “ Correct twisting of copper wires when laying electrical wiring is in itself quite reliable without the use of additional clamps, welding, terminal blocks or sleeves .”

And you will definitely hear stories from practice when a distribution box is opened in an apartment that is several decades old, and the connections there are made through ordinary twists. At the same time, they, like the rest of the electrical wiring, are in close to ideal condition.

There is a simple explanation for this - correct twisting of wires implies their uniform laying, with the required force, of sufficient length, using the correct insulation , etc.

All this together gives a reliable, long-lasting contact that does not require additional revisions for broaching.
As you understand, to do professional twisting of cable cores, you need certain experience and skills. Violation of technology leads to poor contact. Such a connection is simply dangerous; it can heat up and be a source of fire.

That is why it was decided to prohibit all twists when connecting wires. Other methods are much easier to control and forgive some errors during installation. This increases overall electrical safety.

For the same reason, there is a limit on the number of wires that can be twisted into one twist . It is almost impossible to achieve high-quality twisting of a large number of wire strands without experience.

How many wires should be in a twist?

Most often, it is recommended to collect no more than 6 cores with a cross section of 2.5 mm2. in one twist , or better, especially if you have little experience, no more than 4 times. Cables with this cross-section are used in apartments for socket groups.

You can take more conductors with a cross section of 1.5 mm2 used for lighting. And the cables going to the electric stove have a conductor cross-section of 6 mm sq. As you understand, even six pieces are very difficult to neatly twist together without experience.

In order not to memorize the maximum number of wires recommended for twisting:

There is a simple rule:

 The total cross-section of all wires in a twist should not exceed 16 mm2, and the total number of wires is 6 pieces

 Standard distribution boxes most often have up to 6 cable entry points, so twisting with a large number of conductors usually does not work.

Another simple explanation for the limitation of the maximum number of cores is the following: a larger number simply will not allow the tool to properly grasp them when working.

Therefore, I recommend not twisting more than 6 wires at the same time. But, with some skill and strong hands, or using various devices, in rare cases you can twist up to 8 pieces.

Below is a table showing the recommended maximum number of wires in one twist for different cable sections:

Wire cross-section mm.kv	Number of wires in twist
Recommended	Maximum
1.5	6	8
2.5	4	6
4	3	4
6	2	2
10	2	2

When making electrical installations, try to avoid cases where it is necessary to twist more wires than are recommended here.

It is always better to make an additional junction box than to get a poor-quality connection, which will then cause you a lot of problems.

And once again I would like to remind you that officially, simple twisting in electrical applications is prohibited and is used only in combination with other connection methods - compression, welding, etc.

I am sure that there are a lot of people who will say that they can easily twist a larger number of wires with high quality, and the resulting connection is as reliable as possible. I won’t argue with this; moreover, in my practice I’ve had to do something like this (I always weld conductors after twisting).

A striking example of this could be an article about extending the input cable to an apartment, where 3 wires of 6 mm square were twisted. When using certain technologies, this is possible, but I do not recommend doing this all the time; use this opportunity only as an exception.

What do you think? Tell us about your experience in installing twists and the maximum number of wires that can be done efficiently. I am especially interested in the opinion of novice electricians who have decided to do wiring in an apartment or country house.

Source: https://RozetkaOnline.ru/poleznie-stati-o-rozetkah-i-vikluchateliah/item/222-ckolko-provodov-mozhno-skruchivat-v-odnu-skrutku

How to connect wires in a junction box?

Electrical wiring is an integral part of the installation of any electrical network. The electrical network ensures the distribution of electricity. Sections of wires may be under a layer of plaster. But they can be laid in one way or another on the surface of walls and ceilings. In any case, they must be securely connected to each other. For this purpose, distribution boxes are installed in certain places.

Following their installation, the installation of wires is done. First, before connecting consumers, a wire connection diagram is prepared. If you hear such a name as a wiring diagram, it means that we are talking about supplying power to several consumers. Unplugging the junction box does just that. The wiring diagram in the junction box always contains the main power wire.

Distribution boxes are where the wires of sockets, switches and other loads are connected. This is the node where the electrical wiring branches. Electricians coined the word "disconnection" to apply to such branching. It is purely colloquial and is not used in technical literature.

The connection of wires in a round shaped junction box is usually used for hidden electrical wiring. In this case, it is easier to prepare the installation site using an electric drill with a special drilling device.  

The first stage of creating a junction box The second stage Installation of a round junction box

The shape of the box in relation to the manufacturability of its installation for external wiring is not so important. However, a rectangular box provides more space and may be preferable for this reason. Next, we will tell readers how to connect the wires in the junction box.

Connection methods

Connecting the wires in the box is done in two main ways:

• twisting the connected wires (twisting);
• using special accessories. These wire connectors in the junction box are called terminal blocks and blocks. All connecting devices make electrical contacts using a screw or elastic clamp.

It is not difficult to twist even several strands of wires inserted into a junction box. Twisting is the simplest fixed contact. But the ease of obtaining results has a bad effect on the quality of this contact. The main disadvantages of simple twisting are the following:

• relatively small contact area (especially for large cross-section conductors);
• lack of compensation for oxidation and weakening of compression of the contacting conductors.

Wire twisting Regular twisting

Therefore, conventional twisting should be used only for minor electrical loads in the range of 100–300 W. Before connecting the wires in the junction box, it is necessary to correctly determine the length of the contact of the wires. If it is impossible to accurately predict the current strength that will pass through the twisting, its quality must be improved in one of the following ways:

• cover with solder (solder);

Soldered twist Improving the quality of twist by welding

In addition to welding and soldering, special accessories are often used that fix the contact of the cores. Of these you can

• use a crimping cap screwed onto the twisted wires.

View of the junction box after connection Fixing the twisted conductors with a cap

The cap is also called a connecting insulating clip - PPE

If it is necessary to install a powerful consumer of electricity, the use of caps and long twists formed with their help is allowed. How this is done is shown in the images below.

Screwing on the cap The wires are inserted into the cap The wires are fixed with electrical tape The final view of the insulated wires Correct twisting of the wires

• Use a sleeve that crimps either twisted or straight wires;

Another option for connecting wires Wires laid in a box This is how everything should look Using sleeves

• use tips;

Using the tip

• connect the wires with a terminal block;

Terminal blocks in distribution boxes

• Use terminal blocks of a suitable design.

Connection of terminals Various types of terminals Terminal blocks in the distribution box

Comparison of methods

The images provided above clearly demonstrate that the connection of the cores can be done in several ways. Therefore, we will next consider their disadvantages and advantages.

Quality and safety

Once the junction box has been connected, it is usually forgotten about for at least several years.

But how to correctly determine the wires of sockets, switches and other elements after a few years during repairs or for another reason? To easily solve this problem, at the installation stage a diagram of the distribution box is drawn.

It must be placed inside before closing the box. Now, even after opening it several years later, after familiarizing yourself with the diagram, it will be clear where which wire is in the box.

Crimping pliers with calibrated jaws

The correct connection of wires will mainly determine the reliability of the electrical network. The methods of connecting wires in the junction box must be linked to the current load.

When installing the socket, you need to draw a wire from the distribution box of such a length that you get a long enough twist for the cap (as shown in the images above).

But connecting by soldering or welding the cores will be the best solution, especially if you connect several sockets in a circuit. An example of the consequences of an incorrect choice and poor-quality installation is shown below in the image.

Terminal block is on Result of incorrect connection

The result may be a fire and the loss of a significant part of the property. To prevent this from happening, you need to choose the right method and accessories for connecting the wires. And then install everything correctly. If you read the article carefully, it will not be difficult for you to do this without errors.

Source: https://domelectrik.ru/provodka/kabel/soedinenie-v-raspredelitelnoy-korobke