How to sharpen band saws correctly

How to sharpen a band saw?

Band saws are closed type tools and are used in industry for processing various materials. Allows cutting at high speed and minimal waste. However, due to increased loads, the cutting part becomes dull and it is necessary to sharpen band saws in compliance with technology requirements.

Band saw for sharpening

Types of saws

Band saws are designed for the following purposes:

1. Universal - used for cutting materials, cutting performance depends on the density and properties of the workpiece;
2. Specialized - designed for cutting a certain class of materials, have increased wear resistance, and allow you to cut workpieces with maximum productivity.

Based on the material, the following types are distinguished:

• bimetallic - the edge and blade are made of materials with different properties, which provide the best processing conditions and high cutting speed;
• carbide – characterized by increased wear resistance, used for cutting strong, brittle hard materials;
• made of carbon steel - universal saws for general purpose, have restrictions on cutting speed, processing productivity is average.

Characteristics

Sharpening a band saw has a number of the following features:

• It is prohibited to use abrasive discs and hand-held sharpening tools with uneven wear on the working surface;
• when turning, it is important to perform all movements evenly, without jerking or uneven movement of the tool, since there is a high probability of violating the geometry of the teeth;
• the machines used must have liquid cooling to prevent overheating of the equipment and tape;
• after completion of the work, there should be no burrs or chips on the surface, as they can negatively affect the quality of cutting;
• when sharpening a tool for winter use, it is important to increase the angle of inclination of the teeth to 900, however, it is unacceptable to use such a tape for woodworking in the summer due to increased loads on the cutting edge;
• when sharpening on machines, you need to make sure that the disk is positioned correctly relative to the belt profile;
• the speed of the grinding disc is selected so that the metal is not heated red hot, since in this case it will lose its strength properties;
• if the band saw has been operated without maintenance or the recommended service life has been exceeded, then when turning you will need to remove a larger layer of metal in one pass;
• to control the quality of tool sharpening, it is recommended to use a new tape as a standard;
• It is prohibited to change the factory shape of the teeth, as the saw will become unsuitable for use;
• the need for sharpening is determined by the degree of wear of the teeth by 35% of the original dimensions.

Uneven abrasive disc

Teeth and sharpening angles

The profiles of the blades depend on their purpose and the properties of the materials being cut. The main distinguishing parameters: sharpening angle, tooth shape, setting distance. Profiles are marked as follows:

• WM – universal, for materials of different hardness;
• AV – for longitudinal cutting along the wood fibers, used for hard grades;
• NV – used for figured or decorative cutting;
• NU – for soft materials, has a wide pitch;
• PV – analogous to NU, but with flattened teeth;
• KV – for soft materials, installed on wide saws;
• PU – for hard materials, used for installation on wide saws.

The sharpening angles for band saws are selected as follows:

• 350 for carpentry saws;
• from 180 to 220 for divisors;
• up to 150 for sawing timber.

Sharpening methods

Sharpening a band saw for wood can be done in one of the following ways:

• full profile;
• only edges.

Full profile turning has the following advantages:

• operations are carried out with high precision, as they are performed on automated machines;
• specially shaped emery passes the entire surface of the space between the teeth simultaneously with the planes of adjacent cutting edges in one movement;
• tops of regular shape without angularity are formed.

Sharpening of edges can be done in the following ways:

1. A machine with a flat abrasive wheel or a special shape is selected, depending on the profile of the cutting edges.
2. At home, it is recommended to carry out processing with an engraver or regular sandpaper of suitable sizes. To operate, you will need to wear goggles and gloves.
3. In the absence of tools from points 1 and 2, the use of needle files is allowed.

Sharpening a band saw on a machine

Sharpening the saw

When using the saw, the quality of the cut decreases due to blunting of the cutters and a decrease in the width of their setting. Therefore, in order to improve cutting properties, it is necessary to sharpen the cutting edges of the band saw. Instructions for performing the work:

At home, tooth alignment can be done in the following ways:

• classic: sequential bending in the direction corresponding to the design;
• stripping: bending two adjacent teeth in both directions, and leaving the third one unchanged in the initial position;
• wavy: each tooth is set apart by a different amount in the form of a wave.

Before sharpening, you should carefully study the technology and basic requirements. This is due to the high probability of damage to the tool or rupture of the band saw.

Sharpening is performed in the following sequence:

1. Grinding wheels are selected taking into account the hardness of the material. To process tool steel, corundum discs must be used. Bimetallic tools can be sharpened with diamond discs.
2. Emery for tape. Available in the following shapes: disc, flat, cup, profile.
3. The tape should be cleaned of dirt, oil stains, and shavings. Then turn it in the opposite direction with the teeth and hang it indoors for 12 hours.
4. Perform sharpening with prepared tools.

Basic rules for sharpening saws:

• sharpening of teeth is carried out on one or both sides of the blade;
• It is necessary to remove equal layers of metal from the teeth so that the cutting line is formed evenly and the edges are smooth;
• when turning with circles, it is unacceptable to strongly press the sharpened edges against the abrasive surface in order to prevent annealing of the metal and loss of mechanical properties;
• Water cooling is required to cool the tool during operation;
• it is important to maintain the geometry of the blade and teeth;
• If burrs are found, they must be removed.

Correctly spreading the teeth should not be completely flat, but bend only 1/3 or 2/3 from the top.
According to manufacturers' recommendations, the bend value is from 0.3 to 0.7 mm. How to properly sharpen a band saw for a band sawmill! Master Class!

How to sharpen a band saw? Link to main publication

Source: https://metalloy.ru/obrabotka/zatochka/lentochnoj-pily

Sharpening And Setting Band Saws For Wood

Do-it-yourself cutting and sharpening wood band saws

The service life of a band saw on wood directly depends on the quality of its sharpening. It can be done either independently or with the help of the services of specialized companies. In the first case, you need to familiarize yourself in detail with the technology and a number of functions.

Band saw design

The band saw is a cutting tool and is an integral part of specialized woodworking equipment. It is a closed band with teeth on its outer edge.

For the production of special steel grades - 9ХФ, Б2Ф or С75. During the production process, teeth are subjected to high-frequency current treatment. This increases their hardness. It is this fact that affects the cutting of cutting edges and maintainability. Often used in the production of several types of steel. The main band is made of a spring and the cutting part is made of high tungsten or cobalt steel.

Features of using band saws for wood:

• wood requirements. The heavier it is, the faster the shovels will become dull;
• setting the condition. The tension indicator must be observed. If this is less than required, there will be sagging. If the tension is too high, the likelihood of blade breakage will increase;
• periodic sharpening. This requires a special machine.

The implementation of the last element will increase the service life of the strip structure. However, the production of the grinding itself is problematic - it is necessary to select the correct wiring and observe the angle of processing of the blades.

When purchasing saws, you need to pay attention to the presence of repair welds on the canvas. They indicate frequent device failure.

Cutting shape and sharpening angle

The first step determines the type of band saw. The main indicator is the shape of the teeth. Depending on this parameter, they are divided into dividing, carpentry work, or intended for sawing logs. The initial geometry and wiring angle are determined by the manufacturer. It is recommended to study this data at the stage of purchasing components. They are necessary to determine the machine parameters.

For hardwoods, the rake angle should be kept to a minimum. This ensures optimal contact of the processed material with the metal. If soft assessments are planned, to increase processing speed, you can use models with a large rake angle.

The determining parameters for self-renewal of the cutting edge are:

• tooth step This is the distance between the cutting elements of the structure. Common values: 19, 22 and 25 mm;
• tooth height. Size from base to top;
• corner. The main value you need to know is to form the cutting plane. For carpentry models - 35 °. In splitting saws the angle ranges from 18 to 22°. In structures for wood processing - 10 ° -15 °;
• divorce. Determines the deviation of the tooth from the general plane of the blade.

Once work has been done on the machine, these characteristics should ideally remain unchanged. For each model, the manufacturer determines the maximum deviation value. If this is achieved during operation, a new model must be purchased.

Banding and sharpening the band saw

Edit and sharpen band saws for woodworking (sawing machines). Group of companies "Sibir-Instrument" (website:.

Wave during sawing and why it is absent when the saw is divided into PC30 / 60

The main causes and methods of eliminating waves during sawing. instructions for setting up the spreader.

To eliminate resonance in some types of cutting tools, a variable tooth pitch is produced. This does not affect manual sharpening, but requires careful adjustment of parameters during the automated process.

Tape tape

Before shaping the cutting edge, it is necessary to correctly align the teeth. During the entire period of operation, due to constant loads, their location may change. Therefore, firstly, the geometry is adjusted, and then the sharpening.

Wiring is the bending of the teeth relative to the plane of the main blade. This procedure is performed only on a special machine. In case of large discrepancies, premature damage or breakage of the web along the entire length of the belt is possible. Therefore, before doing this, you should determine the type of wiring.

The angle of inclination must correspond to the original. It also takes into account the type of wiring, which can be as follows:

• classical. Alternative curvature of the teeth relative to the blade on the right and left sides;
• cleaning. The first and second teeth deviate to the right and left, but the third remains unchanged. This technique is used for saws intended for processing hardwood;
• wavy. The wiring angle is individual for each tooth. As a result, they form a cutting edge that resembles a wave. The most complex type of wiring.

During bending deformation, not the entire tooth is exposed, but only part of it. Often the deviation occurs by 2/3 of the total height.

The average divorce size is limited to values ​​from 0.3 to 0.7 mm. This applies to standard models of wood band

Sharpening Tips

The correct choice of grinding wheel type is important. It must match the grade of steel from which the band saw is made. Corundum wheels are used for tool steel structures. If you want to improve the cutting properties of bimetallic models, you should use CBN or diamond wheels.

Depending on technical capabilities, it is possible to perform complete processing of the profile or each cutting part separately. In the first case, you need an elboric circle, the butt of which has the same shape as the saw. For the second option, each tooth is processed.

Before, you need a car. It must have functions to adjust the speed of rotation of the disk and change its position relative to the tool. After fixing the canvas in a special frame, you must follow the instructions below.

1. Emery goes down. At this time, the front surface with the cutting edge is processed.
2. Forming an incision in the depression. This is done without removing the canvas. This stage allows you to remove microcracks and irregularities. An important point is the reduction of surface tension, which is the main cause of fabric deformation.
3. The circle moves up. The back of the tooth and its cutting edge are inverted.

All other teeth are renewed using the same method. It is important that the values ​​of the entry and exit angles are the same everywhere. Otherwise, if the geometry is different in one part, performance will deteriorate.

After finishing the treatment, it is recommended to finish it - the surface of the surface will be fine-grained sandpaper. The network geometry should not change during this process.

With prolonged contact of the circle with the metal, the temperature on the surface of the latter can increase sharply. To eliminate this effect, special coolants are used that come directly from the machine. The feed is carried out continuously to avoid the formation of a heating zone. In this part, the mechanical strength will deteriorate.

To avoid toothing before treating wood, you need to check for metal components. Also, special attention is paid to fixing and uniform feeding of the workpiece for sawing.

In the video you can see recommendations for amateur sharpening:

Source: https://evdiral.ru/zatochka-i-razvodka-lentochnyh-pil-po-derevu/

engineer will help – Band saw sharpening

So, I'll start with a general description of the band saw.

A band saw has the appearance of a blade having a serrated edge, connected into a continuous band. Simply put, this tool is nothing more than a closed belt with teeth.  

And to make sure that the band saw is a very significant cutting tool, I propose to consider its main advantages.

Advantages of a band saw

First of all, the most significant plus is the cutting width of the tool. Indeed, it is difficult not to notice that it is significantly smaller than that of disk tools. And if for sawing budget wood this moment is a mere trifle, then for cutting valuable types of wood and elite material it is better to use, for obvious reasons, band saws.  

And then, in addition to this, a band saw can cut any workpiece. In addition, the tool has a decent operating speed and high quality cut surface.

But, of course, to experience all these advantages, you need to take a responsible approach to sharpening and setting the band saw.

Material for making band saws

The band saw for wood is made of tool steel with a hardness of 45 HRC, and for metal the base steels are V2F, 9HF, C75, Uddeholm UHB 15, etc., for carbon steels the cutting tool is based on tool steel, and the teeth for which they are used are hardened high frequency currents.

I would like to note that for cutting metal you can also use a bimetallic saw, which after hardening has a hardness of 65-69 HRC. 

Having understood a little about the materials from which band saws are made, let’s move on to the teeth of the cutting tool and their sharpening.

Band saw routing

The purpose of the setting is to bend the teeth to the sides to prevent compression of the tool blade and reduce friction.

There are several types of wiring:

• — using the classic setting, we get teeth that bend to the right and left alternately;
• — with the help of a stripping pattern, every 3rd tooth retains its original position;
• — with the help of a wavy setting, each tooth is assigned its own bend value (thus a wave is formed). 

It is important to know that during divorce, part of the tooth is bent (one third or two thirds from the top), but not the entire tooth.

Next, we’ll finally talk about sharpening the band saw.

Band saw sharpening

To prevent the tool from breaking during operation, it is necessary to follow the sharpening rules.

The hardness of the teeth determines the wheel that will be used for sharpening. Thus, tool steel is processed with a corundum wheel, and a bimetallic saw with a diamond or bronze sample. The tool parameters determine the shape of the grinding wheel.  

Typically, the following forms are used:

• — profile;
• - cup;
• - flat;
• - disc-shaped.

Before proceeding directly to sharpening work, it is necessary to let the saw hang for 10-12 hours in an inverted state.

1 way

Referred to as full-profile sharpening. It is produced on an automatic machine, which immediately means that the sharpening will be of high quality. The principle of sharpening is based on passing the entire interdental cavity with the corresponding surfaces of adjacent teeth in one movement with a CBN wheel, which is directly selected according to the shape. It follows from this that we will not get angular shapes at the base of the teeth. This is simply out of the question.

Wheels are often used, the abrasive of which can be electrocorundum, CBN or diamond sputtering. 

Perhaps the only significant disadvantage of this method is that different saws require different circles.

Method 2

Characterized by sharpening of the tooth edges. It can be done using a machine, then the circle is selected again. Manual processing is carried out by an engraver or on a conventional machine in compliance with safety precautions, or using a needle file (its essence is to make several movements along the front or back surface of the teeth)

To sharpen a band saw with your own hands, you need to:

• — eliminate strong pressure on the circle;
• — ensure uniform metal removal along the tooth profile;
• — ensure the preservation of the height, as well as the profile of the tooth;
• — control the absence of burrs;
• — use coolant.

If there are nicks on the surface of the tooth, the saw will quickly become dull. Therefore, it is important to have a smooth tooth surface. It is also necessary that the radius at the base of the tooth is maintained. This is necessary to prevent cracks and tearing of the fabric.  

The saw should be sharpened as soon as there is noticeable force to move it in the wood. Most woodworkers are happy to sharpen their tools, but may call a professional if the teeth need to be set. The alignment should be done after 4-5 sharpenings or if the saw “moves away” from the intended direction due to incorrect alignment. Electrically hardened teeth cannot be sharpened by hand, and dull replacement blades for fine work are simply thrown away.

Files for sharpening saws

The cutting edge of each tooth is processed with a triangular file. The edge of the file should be approximately twice as high as the tooth.

Saw sharpening guide

This device ensures the uniformity of the angle and depth of sharpening of tenoning and other hand saws.

Mandrel for setting teeth

The setting mandrel will deflect the tip of the tooth to a strictly defined angle. The approach of the handles pushes the plunger, which presses the tooth against the stop at an angle. The stop has a graduation showing the size of the tooth to which a particular set angle corresponds. It is recommended to have a fine-toothed saw cut by a specialist.

Saw sharpening clamp

When sharpening, the saw must be securely fastened, otherwise it will vibrate noisily and knock the file out of the recess between the teeth. Make an improvised clamp from two bars cut to the length of the canvas, with a shape that “goes around” the handle. Clamp the saw between the blocks in a workbench vice. If necessary, use a clamp at one end.

Machining tooth tips

Thorough filing of the tops of the teeth is absolutely necessary to level them in height if the saw has been damaged or improperly sharpened.
This operation, in a simplified form, before sharpening, forms a small shiny spot on the tip of each tooth, which will be an invaluable aid for uniform sharpening.

Make the jig by placing a personal file into a slightly converging groove in a block of hardwood and secure it with a wedge. Move this clamping block along the side of the blade so that the file moves along the tops of the teeth. Two or three light strokes should be enough to prepare you to sharpen the saw teeth in good condition.

If your saw requires extensive machining to ensure all the teeth have a shiny speck, contact a professional who will shape them before setting and sharpening.

Saw teeth set

If the saw begins to bend or get stuck in the cut, re-set the teeth.

Prepare the mandrel for work: loosen the locking screw and turn the fence, aligning the tooth size indicated on it (corresponding to your saw) with the mark on the fixture.

Tighten the locking screw and set each tooth that should be tilted away from you. Turn the saw over and repeat the operation with the other teeth. Check to see if you have missed a tooth by holding the saw at eye level with the teeth facing away from you.

Sharpening with a file

Place the saw in a vice between two blocks so that its toothed edge protrudes slightly from the top and the handle is to your right.
Holding the tip of the file with your free hand, start at the end of the blade, resting the file on the first tooth angled away from you, opposite the leading edge of the adjacent tooth angled toward you.

For a rip saw, place the file in the corner between the teeth at right angles to the blade and strictly horizontally. Make 2-3 strokes with the file (applying pressure only on the first stroke) until half of the shiny spot on the top of the tooth disappears. Moving towards the handle, sharpen every second tooth.

Turn the saw over and repeat from the end to the handle, filing the remaining grooves until the shiny spots disappear and sharp tips appear.
Sharpen the crosscut saw in the same way, but with the file tip facing the handle at approximately 65° relative to the blade.

Parallel 65° lines on the clamping bars will help keep the file in the correct direction.

From all that has been said above, it is difficult not to notice that the apparent simplicity of sharpening a saw is just “apparent”. It is necessary to strictly follow the rules of wiring, sharpening the tool, the rules of its use, in the end. And then the band saw will serve you for a long time, faithfully and practically.

Source: http://engcrafts.com/item/162-zatochka-lentochnoj-pily

Do-it-yourself cutting and sharpening of wood band saws

The service life of a wood band saw directly depends on the quality of its sharpening. It can be done either independently or using the services of specialized companies. In the first case, it is necessary to familiarize yourself in detail with the technology and a number of features.

Band saw design

The band saw belongs to the category of cutting tools and is an integral part of specialized wood processing equipment. It is a closed belt with teeth on the outer edge.

For production, special grades of steel are used - 9ХФ, Б2Ф or С75. During the production process, teeth are treated with high-frequency currents. This increases their hardness. It is this fact that affects the spread of cutting edges and maintainability. Often several types of steel are used in manufacturing. The main belt is made of spring, and the cutting part is made of steel with a high content of tungsten or cobalt.

Features of using band saws for wood:

• wood requirements. The harder it is, the faster the blade will become dull;
• installation conditions. The tension indicator must be observed. If it is less than required, sagging will occur. With strong tension, the likelihood of fabric breakage will increase;
• periodic sharpening. This will require a special machine.

Completing the last point will increase the service life of the strip structure. However, sharpening it yourself is problematic - you need to choose the right layout and maintain the angle of the blades.

When buying a used saw, you need to pay attention to the presence of repair welds on the blade. They indicate frequent tool breakdowns.

Cutting part shapes and sharpening angle

Types of band saw profiles

At the first stage, the type of band saw is determined. The main indicator is the shape of the teeth. Depending on this parameter, they are divided into dividing, carpentry or intended for sawing logs. The initial geometry and routing angle are determined by the manufacturer. It is recommended to find out this data at the stage of purchasing components. They are needed to determine the machine parameters.

For hardwoods, the rake angle should be kept to a minimum. This ensures optimal contact between the processing material and the metal. If you plan to process soft varieties, you can use models with a larger rake angle to increase processing speed.

The determining parameters for self-updating the cutting edge are:

• tooth pitch. This is the distance between the cutting elements of the structure. Common values ​​are 19, 22 and 25 mm;
• tooth height. The size from its base to its top;
• corner. The main value that you need to know to form the cutting plane. For carpentry models it is 35°. In dividing saws, the angle is from 18° to 22°. In structures for processing timber – 10°-15°;
• divorce. Determines the deviation of the tooth from the general plane of the blade.

After performing work on the machine, ideally these characteristics should remain unchanged. For each model, the manufacturer determines the maximum deviation value. If during operation this is achieved, it is necessary to purchase a new model.

In order to eliminate resonance, some types of cutting tools use a variable pitch of the teeth. This does not affect manual sharpening, but requires careful setting of parameters during automated sharpening.

Recommendations for sharpening

Band saw sharpening machine

The correct choice of grinding wheel type is important. It must match the grade of steel from which the band saw is made. Corundum wheels are used for structures made of tool steel. If you want to improve the cutting properties of bimetallic models, you should use CBN or diamond wheels.

Depending on technical capabilities, it is possible to perform full-profile processing or each cutting part separately. In the first case, you will need a CBN circle, the end of which has the same shape as that of the saw. For the second option, each tooth is processed.

You will first need a machine. It must have the functions of regulating the speed of rotation of the disk and changing its location relative to the tool. After securing the blade in a special frame, you should perform the following steps according to the following instructions.

1. The emery is directed downwards. At this time, the front face with the cutting edge is processed.
2. Forming a cut in the depression. This is done without leaving the canvas. This stage allows you to remove microcracks and irregularities. An important point is the reduction in surface tension, which is the main cause of fabric deformation.
3. The circle moves up. The back of the tooth and its cutting edge are ground.

All other teeth are updated using the same method. It is important that the values ​​of the entry and exit angles are the same everywhere. Otherwise, if the geometry differs in one of the parts, performance will deteriorate.

After completion of processing, it is recommended to perform fine-tuning - treat the surface with fine-grained sandpaper. During this process, the geometry of the web should not change.

With prolonged contact of the circle with the metal, the temperature on the surface of the latter can rise sharply. To eliminate this effect, special coolants are used, coming directly from the machine. The feed is carried out continuously to avoid the formation of a glow zone. In this part, the mechanical strength will be deteriorated.

To avoid the appearance of nicks, before processing wood, you need to check for the presence of metal components in it. Also, special attention is paid to fixing and uniform feeding of the workpiece for sawing.

In the video you can find recommendations for amateur sharpening:

Source: http://StanokGid.ru/derevo/zatochka-lentochnoi-pily-po-derevu.html

Instructions for properly sharpening band saws for wood

Sharpening band saws for wood, instructions and safety rules when carrying out this operation - these are the basic questions that every home craftsman who has saws of a similar design in his household should know. The fact is that they are used not only in production, but also in everyday life. For example, many rural residents use them to make boards or cut logs into beams.

However, like any saw, the band tool must be periodically repaired. Moreover, this maintenance consists of carrying out such technological operations as sharpening and wiring. They are quite complex technically, and if you do not have experience in performing them, it makes sense to contact a specialized service center for servicing sawing and cutting tools.

If you have experience in servicing woodworking tools, you can sharpen and sharpen your saw yourself. The point of carrying out such work yourself is to save money, since sharpening saws is quite an expensive pleasure.

Types of band saws

Despite the fact that all band saws contain an element such as a tape, and therefore differ little from each other in appearance, there are fundamental hidden differences between them that are understandable only to an experienced craftsman. They consist in the form of teeth and the way they are set. Different teeth are designed to perform different types of work.

So, based on this indicator and the type of material being cut, all band saws can be divided into:

• carpentry;
• divisional;
• sawing machines

Based on this information, it is worth choosing one or another type of saw for sawing work.

In addition, when choosing the saw you need, you should carefully examine its teeth, namely, study their geometry. There is an immutable rule: the harder and denser the material you are going to saw, the smaller the pitch of the teeth of the product and their rake angle should be.

If you are going to saw wood with a thin-walled surface, then for this you will need a tool with a small or standard tooth pitch, since they are specifically adapted for such work. If you start sawing the product using a saw with large teeth, the risk of its breakage will increase significantly. It is best to use it for its intended purpose: for processing thick-walled metal and wooden products.

Rules for sharpening saws

If you decide to sharpen your band saw yourself, follow some fairly simple rules regarding process technology, as well as safety precautions when carrying out such work.

Firstly, when carrying out operations for sharpening band saws, use only special-purpose wheels. They are selected depending on the level of hardness of the teeth of your saw. In addition, the shape of such a circle is also important, chosen depending on the technical features of your saw. Thus, profile grinding wheels are known, flat and in the form of a plate or cup.

Secondly, before you start sharpening the saw, be sure to check how evenly the saw teeth can cut the surface being processed. During the sharpening process, avoid sudden movements and jerks. This will help you maintain the height of the teeth and their original appearance.

Thirdly, monitor the coolant level in the grinding wheel mechanism. This will help you avoid overheating and ensure greater accuracy in sharpening the saw.

Fourthly, after completing the sharpening procedure, be sure to check that there are no burrs or burrs on the blade. If any are found, they should be removed using a grinder or a grinding wheel.

As for safety precautions, all work on sharpening saws should be carried out exclusively in safety glasses and using a respirator. In extreme cases, you can wear a protective mask.

Methods for sharpening band saws

There are 2 main types of sharpening of band saws: full-profile and with sharpening of tooth edges. When sharpening the first method, professional sharpening machines are used. If the second method is used, the edges of the teeth themselves are sharpened.

The first option is considered the most accurate, since all operations are performed by an automatic sharpening machine. The worker only has to choose the right grinding wheel and set the operating mode of the machine. However, such sharpening is very expensive, since the machine itself and the consumables for it have a high price.

If you decide to sharpen your saws using the second method, you can safely do so using hand tools. You can also use special professional devices. In this case, you will need to have the skills of an engraver, since your movements must be very precise so as not to damage the metal of the teeth.

If you are going to sharpen a saw by hand for the first time, you should try rehearsing this procedure on a simple sheet of metal. It is best if the front and rear edges are sharpened, but usually only the rear edges are sharpened, since it is more convenient and simpler.

If you absolutely need to sharpen the front edges, you will have to do it on a machine. In this case, you will have to select the exact shape and size of the grinding wheel (as in the case of full-profile sharpening).

Saw setting methods

The second mandatory operation for preparing saws for work after sharpening is setting them. From a technical point of view, it consists of bending the teeth to the sides to the required angle. The point of this procedure is to reduce the friction force between the teeth. This allows for free movement of the tool blade along the sawn surface.

The most common saw layout is standard. With this method of routing, the saw links are bent in different directions to a distance of no more than 0.4 mm. It is quite possible to carry out such a layout at home, but it will be necessary to check that the angle of deflection of the teeth is the same.

Another type of wiring is protective. It is usually not used at home, because it requires bending 2 teeth in different directions, leaving the third one in place. The wavy layout is similar in complexity to it. Here the links of the canvas are bent in one direction, creating a kind of “wave” on the canvas. These types of wiring can only be performed by an experienced craftsman, so they are practically never encountered in everyday life.

When doing this work, you must remember that different types of saws require an individual approach.

In this regard, it is necessary to carefully study the operating instructions for a particular type of saw. In particular, this document indicates the density of the metal blade, as well as the recommended angle of deflection of the teeth. Typically it is 30-60%, although for some products it can be increased.

Selecting a saw sharpener

Since a band saw designed for cutting a large volume of wooden products is almost impossible to cut and sharpen on your own, the question arises of selecting a specialist who will carry out such work. It will be better if he performs this work on a professional machine. Therefore, be sure to clarify this point when placing your order.

In addition, the master must be able to perform all types of sharpening and setting, and not just the simplest ones. This will allow you to save your tool from premature wear and get a quality cut. If a master tells you that there is only one type of sharpening, immediately refuse his services, because he is not a professional.

A true professional must have the appropriate certificate. You will need to focus on its presence or absence when selecting a specialist for sharpening band saws.

Source: http://ChudesniyDom.ru/instrument/instrukciya-po-pravilnoj-zatochke-lentochnyx-pil-po-derevu.html

Band saw for wood: sharpening and setting band saw teeth, video

Band saws are used as cutting tools in band saws. They are a metal strip with applied teeth. They have a lot of advantages.

When compared with circular tools, the cutting width of a band saw is significantly smaller, which, in turn, has a positive effect on sawing expensive types of wood or cutting luxury grade metal.

The band saw has good cutting speed while providing excellent quality of cut edges. With its help you can cut absolutely any workpiece.

In order for the saw to have the above characteristics, it is necessary to carry out its cutting and sharpening in a timely and high-quality manner.

In branded centers, the cost of sharpening saws is low , but the quality of work is not always satisfactory. Therefore, we will try to help you in this matter if you decide to sharpen and set the band saw on your own.

Band saw composition

Saws for cutting wood are stamped from tool steel, which has a hardness of 45 HRC.

For cutting metal, domestic manufacturers use steel grades 9ХФ, В2Ф, foreign ones use C 75 and others. Saw teeth using the steel described above, due to hardening with high-frequency currents, acquire the highest hardness. Quite often, when working with metal, a bimetallic tape tool is used.

The bimetallic blade is made of so-called spring steel, and the belt itself with teeth is made of a metal alloy with high impurities of cobalt and tungsten. This high-speed alloy is bonded to the saw blade using an electron beam.

Teeth and their sharpening angles

Band saws have different tooth geometries: it is influenced by the properties and type of material being cut. Thus, for working with wood, a carpenter’s saw is used, for cutting logs, and a dividing saw. Each type has its own tooth geometry.

For band saws designed for working with wood, the sharpening angle is determined by the manufacturer, but the following is typical - the harder the material, the smaller the rake angle should be.

For saws with a constant pitch of teeth when working with metal, two tooth shapes are characteristic - “positive rake angle” and standard. Standard teeth are used for cutting thin-walled materials, while teeth with a positive rake angle are used for cutting thick-walled metal.

For workpieces with thin walls (pipes, sheet metal), saws with a small tooth pitch are used - otherwise there is a risk of breaking or damaging the tooth. It is better to work with thick-walled workpieces with a tool with a small number of teeth per inch.

To eliminate the effect of vibrations, a number of saws are made with variable tooth pitch.

Setting the teeth of band saws

When working with a tool, the quality of the cutting edge of the teeth inevitably decreases. Therefore, proper sharpening and setting of band saws is an integral part of the cutting workflow.

Remember, divorce should be done before sharpening, not after.

Setting is the process of bending the teeth to the sides to reduce friction and clamp the blade. There are three types of wiring:

• cleaning - every third tooth must be left in its original form. Used in tools for cutting especially hard alloys and materials;
• classic - the teeth must be bent left and right strictly alternately;
• wavy - each tooth bends a certain amount, resulting in a wave. This type of wiring is the most complex.

It must be remembered that during divorce, two-thirds or a third of the top of the tooth are bent, and not the entire tooth.

Manufacturers' recommended spread values ​​are approximately 0.3 to 0.7 millimeters. Wiring is carried out using special adjustable tools.

Proper Tool Sharpening Process

It has been proven by practice that over 80 percent of tool failures occur due to improper sharpening of band saw teeth. The need for sharpening is determined by eye - by the condition of the cut walls or the appearance of the teeth themselves.

Grinding wheels for band saws are selected depending on the hardness of the tooth. A corundum wheel is used to sharpen tools made of tool steel. Bimetallic saws are sharpened with diamond or borazon abrasive. The shape of the circle for the tool should be determined based on the parameters of the saws. It can be cup, profile, plate and flat.

Before using the saw for work, it is necessary to hold it in a suspended, inverted state for approximately eleven hours.

Requirements for sharpening a tool with your own hands:

• it is necessary to remove metal evenly along the tooth profile;
• avoid excessive pressure on the wheel (this can lead to tooth damage);
• mandatory use of coolant;
• ensure the preservation of tooth geometry;
• preventing the formation of burrs.

Standard instructions state that sharpening of a tool should be carried out either along the front edge of the tooth, or along both the back and the front. In practice, many craftsmen, and even professionals, sharpen exclusively along the back edge - in their opinion, this is more convenient.

This tool is quite unpretentious in terms of sharpening , despite a lot of requirements and rules. Sharpening can be done either manually or using a special sharpening device; use wheels of different materials and shapes for processing, etc.

Before sharpening a tool, you need to familiarize yourself with the main types of this operation. You can also watch videos on the Internet.

Types of sharpening

1. Full profile view. It is the highest quality type, produced automatically on a special basis. machine. A precisely selected CBN circle passes in one movement the entire interdental cavity along with the edges of adjacent teeth. This eliminates the formation of angular shapes at the base of the teeth.

   The only drawback of this type of sharpening is the need to carry a certain number of different circles for saws with different profiles.

2. Sharpening the edges of the cutting part. Can be done manually or on a professional machine. If you want to sharpen with a machine, you need to choose the right wheel - in most cases these are flat samples. Based on practice, contact a specialist.

   sharpening equipment is necessary only in cases where the volume of work is very large. For a small amount of work, it is better to sharpen it manually - on a conventional machine or using an engraver. When performing sharpening work, for safety reasons, you must use safety glasses or a mask.

If you have neither an engraver nor a machine, then you can sharpen the tool using the old-fashioned conventional method - using a needle file . With diligent and regular performance of the operation, the skill of manual high-quality sharpening will very quickly appear.

Advice from professionals

1. When sharpening a tool on a machine, before starting sharpening you need to make sure that the sharpening disk is positioned correctly relative to the saw.
2. It is necessary to remove such a layer of metal from the sinuses to ensure that all microcracks are eliminated.
3. If the saw has been operated without quality maintenance for longer than specified by the manufacturer, the layer of metal removed during one sharpening must be increased.
4. As a reference, always use a new tool to check your sharpening results.
5. The shape of the cutting part of the saw is a parameter that has been verified and developed over the years. Therefore, you should not display your parameters and hope for good quality of work.
6. Subject to the operating rules and requirements of the manufacturer, the band saw will serve you until its width is reduced to 65 percent of the original nominal value. The width decreases as the teeth are re-sharpened.
7. It is imperative to remove burrs during the process of sharpening the tool, otherwise this will lead to the formation of microcracks during the process of sawing materials.
8. After finishing work, the tool must be immediately cleaned of sawdust and resin, and before sharpening, the saw must be carefully inspected. Otherwise, the sharpening disc will become clogged with shavings, which will lead to improper sharpening of the band saw.

Errors that occur during sharpening

Mistake No. 1. Burnt cavities of saw teeth.

The reason lies in the excessive pressure of the sharpening wheel on the saw. The result will be a rapid dulling of the tool.

Error 2. Imperfect geometry of the tooth sinuses and incorrect angle of inclination.

A number of conditions can lead to this error:

• wear of the eccentric of the sharpening device;
• error during slant angle calibration;
• incorrectly selected grinding wheel profile.

Now you know how to sharpen a band saw correctly , and what devices and tools may be required for this. You can also additionally find a video of this process on the Internet.

Source: https://stanok.guru/stanki/otreznye-stanki-i-pily/lentochnaya-pila-po-derevu-i-ee-zatochka.html

Rules for sharpening band saws at home

:

1. Types of saws
2. Operating rules
3. Turning methods
4. Wiring

Band saws are an integral element of machines of the same name, designed for processing various materials. During operation, cutting parts are constantly subjected to increased loads, as a result of which they become dull and require sharpening from time to time.

Sharpening a band saw can be carried out in a specialized workshop or at home, subject to certain technology and the availability of appropriate devices. In order to properly sharpen a saw blade, you need to know the features of its design and understand the differences between band cutters .

In our article we will tell you how to properly sharpen a dull tool and return it to its former sharpness.

Operating rules

If you decide to sharpen a band saw at home without resorting to the services of a specialist, read the rules for performing this procedure.

To properly sharpen a band saw, you will need a special sharpening machine and the instructions below. The configuration of the grinding wheel, which can be flat, profiled, disc-shaped or bowl-shaped, is selected depending on the technical characteristics of the saw.

Please note that strict adherence to safety rules will protect you from injury and the tool from damage. To protect the respiratory tract from the characteristic heavy dust, work must be carried out in a respirator or a special mask. So, let's move on to the step-by-step execution of work .

1. When starting to sharpen a band saw, be sure to check the grinding wheel for uneven abrasion and all sorts of defects, the presence of which will not allow you to remove an even layer of metal and will lead to undesirable consequences in the form of damage to the cutter.
2. A dull tool should be sharpened without jerking or abruptly moving the tool along the surface of the abrasive wheel, otherwise the structure and height of the teeth will be damaged.
3. The third rule rather concerns the mechanism of the grinding wheel, which must contain a coolant that prevents the unit from overheating. This option will protect the sharpening machine from failure and will help to accurately sharpen the saw blade.
4. Upon completion of the work, you must carefully inspect the surface of the saw and make sure that there are no snags or chips on it. If such defects are detected, the saw must be sharpened on the wheel again, bringing it to the machine at a certain angle, or brought to the required parameters on a grinding machine.

Turning methods

Sharpening of band saws for wood is carried out in two ways: on professional equipment (full-profile) or by sharpening the edges of the cutters. In the first case, we are talking about the most accurate machine version of sharpening, during which the entire process is carried out using automation.

In order to sharpen the tool properly, it will be enough to select the main element of the machine - the CBN wheel; everything else is controlled by the electronics. The cost of such work is quite high, and it is unlikely to be suitable for those who often face the need to sharpen saws due to their intensive use, unless, of course, the master does not own such a machine.

It is worth noting the fact that purchasing a set of abrasive wheels for all types of band saws also requires additional costs, and for one-time manipulations there is no point in purchasing it.

The second method involves exclusively sharpening the teeth, and can be performed either manually or automatically using a special device.

Proper manual sharpening requires an engraver and certain skills of the person who works with it . In order not to spoil the metal and avoid damage to the teeth, the master’s movements must be accurate and fast enough.

When starting such procedures for the first time, it is advisable to carry out a test sharpening on an unnecessary sheet of metal in order to avoid damage to the expensive tool.

Proper sharpening of band saw blades involves processing the back and front edges of the cutters, although most craftsmen who perform this process by hand limit themselves exclusively to sharpening the rear edges. This method will allow you to use the tool for its intended purpose, and it is much easier to implement than double-sided sharpening.

The sharpening of the leading edges can be carried out correctly if you have a sharpening machine . Here, as in the case of full-profile sharpening, it is necessary to select the correct size of the grinding wheel, and then the cutting band will acquire the necessary sharpness.

There is a winter method for sharpening a tape, in which the sharpening angle is 90 degrees, and instead of water, coolant or diesel fuel is poured into the machine.

Wiring

Unfortunately, standard sharpening is sometimes not enough to return the saw to the required degree of sharpness, an important condition of which is the amount of bending of the cutters, called in professional language the setting. The essence of this condition is that at the moment of sawing, when the tool comes into contact with the lumber, the friction force is reduced, and the material can move freely between the teeth of the blade.

In most cases, a standard setting is used, during which the incisors are alternately extended in different directions relative to each other at a distance not exceeding 0.4 mm. It is quite possible to set up the saw at home, but it is necessary to exercise strict control over the angle of deflection of the cutting elements - it must be the same.

Source: https://derevo-s.ru/oborudovanie/aksessuary/zatochka-lentochnyh-pil

Sharpening and setting of band saws

In order for the processing of various materials to be carried out correctly, it is necessary to care for and monitor the condition of the band saw devices. For this purpose, machines for sharpening and setting band saws are used. Timely care will ensure long-term use of the instruments.

Shapes of the cutting part and sharpening angle of the blades

The geometry of the cutting elements of band saws can be varied, which directly depends on the material that is intended for sawing. Woodworking machines are most often equipped with special saws that can be used to:

• carpentry work;
• sawing logs and beams;
• use on dividing saws.

The sharpening angle is determined strictly by the tool manufacturer. The sharpening angle will be as small as possible when using hard wood.

Band saws for metal are equipped with saws with different blade shapes, which directly depends on the metal used for sawing.

If it is necessary to cut thin-walled metals and at the same time have thin chips, the rake angle of the cut when sawing will be equal to zero, then standard cutting is used. The sharpening angle can be varied. It directly depends on the structure of the device.

Tooth profiles

A tooth that has a positive rake angle is found in those saws that are widely used for sawing thick-walled metal. The blade pitch used to cut thin metal is quite small.

In order to cut thick-walled metal, it is necessary to use devices that have a large number of blades. In some cases, the equipment has a variable pitch, which eliminates the effect of resonance.

The change in the distance between the teeth directly depends on a specific group.

Setting out the cutting elements of the band saw

A spread is the bending of band saw blades in different directions. This can significantly reduce the friction of the blade and prevent it from jamming. To ensure free movement of the blade on the walls of the material being cut, its width must be greater than the thickness of this material.

Types of Band Saw Wiring

Divorce can have several varieties. It may have different names from different manufacturers. Most often it may be:

• Standard, which is characterized by opposite bending of the cutting elements in various directions. It is most often used for band saws that cut hard materials.
• Wavy, which belongs to the category of complex structures. Divorce in this case has a variable meaning. In this case, a kind of wave is formed.

Wiring deviceTaiga wiring device

The unraveling consists in bending not the entire canvas, but only a certain part of its top. The parameters are determined strictly by the tool manufacturers. Their range is from 0.3 to 0.7 millimeters.

Protective. Setting consists of bending two teeth. At the same time, the third one remains in place. Intended for band saws for processing particularly hard materials. Every third tooth is shaped like a trapezoid. The location is the center of the canvas. With its help, the most correct direction of the saw blade is ensured.

Woodworking machines are characterized by the universal design of the sawing tool. The spreader for processing soft rocks must be larger in size than in equipment for processing hard rocks. But the spread should not be such that there is a wedge in the center without a cutout.

The spread must be characterized by the same arrangement of all cutting elements. The teeth must be set so that the deviation is no more than 0.1 millimeters.

If the saws are unevenly positioned, this will cause the band saw equipment to move to the side during operation.

Features of sharpening band saws

A band saw is a closed-type cutting tool used on sawmill equipment.

The undoubted advantages of these elements are high productivity and minimal production waste. It is possible that when sawing ordinary boards, the latter fact does not play a significant role, but when it comes to processing valuable wood, the width of the cut and the quality of the cut directly affect the economic benefit.

Proper sharpening of a wood band saw is a guarantee of production efficiency and tool durability. Typically, such services are provided by specialized companies, but if you know the procedure and subtleties of the procedure, you can sharpen a dull saw yourself.

What you need to know about tooth sharpening angles

The geometry of band saw teeth can vary depending on the characteristics of the material being processed. This is expressed in the shape of the tooth and the distance between the individual elements of the cutting edge.

The profile of the band saw is determined by the markings applied by the manufacturer. It looks like this:

• WM is a universal option designed for sawing soft and hard wood;
• AV – used for longitudinal cutting and sawing of hard materials, such as frozen wood;
• NV – has a narrow blade width, therefore ideal for figure cutting;
• NU – cutting edge with a wide tooth pitch, which ensures high performance when sawing soft wood;
• PV is almost a complete analogue of the previous blade, but has a flattened tooth shape;
• KV – profile is used for wide band saws intended for soft wood;
• PU – wide saw for sawing hardwood.

The tooth pitch is selected individually, depending on the material. For example, only fine-tooth blades are used to cut hardwood and metal to avoid damaging the cutting edge. Soft raw materials and thick-walled materials are processed with saws with a large distance between the teeth, which speeds up the production process.

How to sharpen a band saw correctly

Let us immediately note that if you do not have the experience and skills to perform such work, it is better to entrust saw sharpening to professionals. Violation of the geometry of the teeth of the cutting edge, the appearance of scale on the metal or incorrect routing significantly reduces the service life of the blade.

Having decided to sharpen a band saw with your own hands, it would be useful to first familiarize yourself with the key definitions, the knowledge of which may be required during the work process. So, for the correct formation of the cutting edge you will need:

• setting - deviation of the teeth from the plane of the main saw blade;
• tooth height - the distance between the top point and the base;
• pitch - the distance between the teeth, usually varies between 19-25 mm.
• sharpening angle – depends on the intended purpose of the tool; for example, the recommended sharpening angle for carpenter saws is 35°, for dividing saws – 18-22, for sawing timber – no more than 15°.

The sharpening angle is determined by the manufacturer, so when you edit the saw yourself, it is recommended to adhere to these parameters.

We provide detailed instructions that will help you sharpen a closed saw correctly without resorting to the services of specialists.

Sharpening

This is the main stage of cutting edge dressing and can be done in two ways.

Full-profile sharpening of saws is performed with a CBN wheel installed in a special sharpening machine.

This is a fully automated operation used by professionals.

The operation of the machine for sharpening band saws for wood is controlled electronically, and the grinding wheel processes the entire band in one pass.

The disadvantage of this method is that the CBN wheel is selected individually to the profile of the saw, so in order to edit different tools, the sharpening element must be included in the range.

Sharpening of teeth is done manually or using specialized equipment.

Note! This is the method used for self-sharpening band saws. A regular emery wheel or needle file can be used here.

In the first case, you can restore the sharpness of the teeth in the shortest possible time, but the work requires certain skills. In the second - painstaking work: 4-5 movements along the edge of each tooth.

Diamond, CBN and corundum wheels are used for automatic sharpening. It is important to understand that when performing this procedure, only sharpness is given to the teeth; the geometry created after setting the blade should remain unchanged.

Common mistakes

If a person tries to sharpen a saw for the first time, it is difficult for him to fulfill all the requirements and remember the nuances of the technological process. However, violation of these rules leads to the fact that the efficiency of using a band saw is noticeably reduced, the load on the blade increases, which leads to premature rupture.

Professionals recommend avoiding the following mistakes:

• during mechanical sharpening, the abrasive stone is positioned incorrectly relative to the saw profile. In this case, the sharpening of the teeth will be uneven;
• excessive force when contacting the saw and the grinding wheel. As a result, the metal overheats, scale appears, which leads to premature wear of the cutting edge;
• burrs remain on the canvas. After sharpening, all roughness must be eliminated, otherwise microscopic cracks will appear on the metal during operation;
• using your own sharpening angles. Many inexperienced craftsmen believe that only sharpness is important for saw teeth, so they shamelessly violate the geometry of the cutting edge profile recommended by the manufacturer. It is important to understand that the shape of the tooth has been tested over the years; it is useless to try to experiment here.

Instead of a conclusion, we will add that each band saw has a certain resource, so the blade cannot be sharpened indefinitely. Manufacturers guarantee correct operation of the tool until the total width of the blade is reduced to 65% of the original size.

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