Which jewelry is better: white or yellow gold?
Gold comes in different colors
At all times, gold jewelry has been very popular. Currently, jewelry does not lose its value and is in great demand. Famous designers annually determine fashion trends for certain shades of gold. Although this metal comes in a variety of shades, white, yellow and red gold remain the most popular.
What is the difference between different shades of metal? Which gold is better, white or yellow? To answer this question, you need to know that all types of gold are alloys to which other metals are added. Depending on the alloy components and their percentage, you can get a wide variety of colors and shades.
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What is the difference between white and yellow shades?
Jewelry gold in its pure form is called red gold. It is quite soft and quickly deforms, so it is practically not used to create jewelry.
To increase the strength of products, give them shine and a beautiful color, gold is mixed with other metals (ligature). If you add, for example, silver and copper to pure gold, you get a yellow tint.
The color saturation depends on the amount of copper. Also, by adding a certain amount of copper to the alloy, you can get red gold.
It is not uncommon for yellow gold jewelry to be painted white using rhodium. The procedure of applying a thin layer of rhodium to a product is called rhodium plating. After the procedure, the strength, rigidity and shine of the product increases.
Gold jewelry can also be white. This is made possible by adding palladium, platinum or nickel to the alloy. Such decorations are distinguished by their special gloss and brightness. White gold, which contains platinum, is considered the most noble. When palladium is added, the product acquires a yellowish tint. Nickel is used extremely rarely because it can cause allergic reactions.
White color is commonly used to create black pearl and diamond designs. To give jewelry a white shine, a thin layer of rhodium is also applied.
Despite all the differences, the cost of jewelry in yellow and white shades is the same. The price in this case depends only on the sample (quantitative proportion of gold, palladium, platinum or silver in the alloy). If a piece is marked as 585 purity, it means it is 58.5% gold. If a product shows 750 purity, it means it contains 75% gold. Consequently, the more precious metal contained in the alloy, the higher the purity and the higher the cost.
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Which products are better?
The cost of jewelry does not depend on what gold it is made of, but is determined by its fineness, that is, by the amount of gold contained in the alloy. All you have to do is choose which shade of precious metal suits you best and matches your style.
It is known that rose gold always looks very beautiful. During the Soviet era, lovers of jewelry almost always wore jewelry of this color. The trend continued for several decades.
However, you should know that this type of copper product contains much more copper than precious metal. Therefore, rose gold has a relatively low cost. This explains its popularity.
After all, the cost of jewelry in this case is less expensive.
It is worth noting that in Europe, rose and yellow gold have always been considered low-grade. Many experts argue that it practically does not match with most gemstones. Despite this, at present, some designers are still introducing fashion to it.
There is no doubt that the most expensive metal is white gold. Platinum or palladium is added to its composition. Such precious jewelry is considered a certain sign of prestige, indicating that the owner of the item belongs to the upper class of society. It is worth noting that white gold with the addition of silver and palladium is the best and therefore costs more.
If we talk about fashion, then today white and yellow gold are equally fashionable. It is not the color that plays a significant role, but the design. Sellers of jewelry boutiques notice that buyers most often pay close attention not to the color of the metal or weight, but to the design.
All shades look great. At the same time, yellow gold looks very colorful and bright, while white gold, on the contrary, is calm and cold. It is quite difficult to give a specific answer to the question of which is better, yellow, white or red gold. In this case, it all depends on the person’s personal preferences and taste.
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How to buy a quality product?
Sample - a sign of quality
What should you pay attention to when buying precious jewelry? First of all, you should look at the sample indicated on the product and compare it with the sample on the tag. The decoration must also bear the distinctive or trademark (stamp) of the manufacturer. This is a guarantee of authenticity and quality.
Then you should check the tag. It provides detailed information about the manufacturer, sample, weight, composition, name and cost.
The fact that the jewelry is real is indicated by its appearance (this applies not only to jewelry, but to absolutely all products). Before purchasing, you need to carefully consider the chosen model of ring, chain or earrings to make sure that all fastenings and soldered places are made of high quality. This guarantees durability and long service life. Remember, high-quality jewelry should not have visible defects or irregularities.
Which manufacturer is better to choose? Today, precious jewelry of high standard and quality made in Italy and Hong Kong is becoming extremely popular. Turkish products, on the contrary, are losing demand among buyers due to the low quality of alloy compositions.
Source: https://grammzolota.ru/vidy/luchshe-beloe-zheltoe-dorozhe-krasnoe-rozovoe.html
585 rose gold: what is it, how does it differ from yellow and how much does 1 gram cost today?
Hello!
There is gold in every girl's box. Until recently, preference was given to classic yellow or sophisticated white alloys. Today, however, delicate rose gold comes out on top. It attracts buyers with several parameters at once: its unusual appearance, the complexity of the jewelry, and the cost.
What is
Rose gold is an alloy based on a yellow precious metal and an alloy containing copper and silver. The saturation of the shade depends on the percentage of copper.
Composition and properties
The additives included in the alloy are the same for all samples used by jewelry makers. To give it the desired shade, in addition to aurum, silver and copper are used. Only their percentage changes depending on the sample:
- 375 – 37.5% aurum, 37.5% Cu, 25.0% silver;
- 585 – 58.5% Au, 32.5% copper, 9.0% silver;
- 750 – 75.0% aurum, 15.0% copper, 10.0% Ag.
The pink alloy has many of the same features, characteristics, and properties as the yellow precious metal, but there are some differences. First of all, it is high plasticity. Thanks to it, jewelers can create openwork jewelry with complex patterns. The metal is easily processed into the desired shape.
Strength
High ductility indicators of a precious metal of an unusual shade are achieved at the expense of strength. Because of this, the structure is quite easy to break or scratch. This is especially true for low grades, in particular 375. Most often, a break is a consequence of the fact that the bracelet or ring hit something. Please take this into account when purchasing.
Shade range
The main component of the pink metal alloy is copper. Its quantity in comparison with the content of pure precious metal determines the saturation and intensity of the shade. As a result of its increase or decrease, a color can be obtained from soft pink to almost red, and at times even orange.
Samples
The metal of unusual color is presented in three samples: 375, 585, 750.
The lowest standard is used by jewelers to make inexpensive jewelry: medallions, brooches, crosses. The color of the products differs in shades of red. A high ligature content causes a reduction in price, but negatively affects the physical properties of the gizmos. Under mechanical influence, products easily break, scratch, or bend.
Jewelry of 585 standard is most valued on the jewelry market, as it combines a low price (compared to similar classic models) with satisfactory strength indicators. In terms of its properties, this alloy is not inferior to the usual yellow one.
With an increase in the content of pure aurum (750 sample), the products acquire a peach tint. Gold can change the saturation and intensity of the main color depending on the amount of copper in the composition. However, regardless of this, the price of jewelry of 750 standard is significantly higher than that of similar 585. In this regard, jewelers prefer to use the alloy for the manufacture of complex designs with openwork patterns, as well as wedding rings.
Methods of obtaining
Rose gold is obtained exclusively by chemical means. Occasionally, zinc is used instead of silver to achieve an orange tint. The proportions of the alloy with pure metal affect both the color of the alloy and its characteristics.
Alloy Application
The metal is used to make jewelry. Thanks to their unusual shade, they acquire a romantic appearance. The most popular forms are wedding rings and pendants.
Advantages and disadvantages
The main advantage of this alloy is its high ductility. Thanks to this, complex openwork products are created from it, which immediately attract attention. Buyers are also attracted by the lower price compared to classic gold. Another feature of the alloy is its unusual range of shades.
However, such things are of little use for daily wear. This is due to the low strength of the metal. This is especially true for low quality products.
Differences from regular yellow gold
If you think about the difference between yellow and rose gold, then upon closer inspection the difference is not that great. First of all, it is expressed in shades. The alloy used in production also affects the cost of the precious metal. In the case of coral alloy, the main additional material is copper.
For yellow gold, the main component of the alloy is silver, which, like aurum, is a precious metal and, therefore, has a higher cost.
Which gold is better - pink, yellow or white?
All 3 options are similar in physical and chemical characteristics. Because of this, the final choice of metal depends mainly on 2 factors: the financial capabilities of the buyer and personal view of beauty.
If a few years ago preference was given to yellow gold, today the situation has changed. Jewelry in white and pink shades is increasingly being chosen as a gift. Also in demand are rings that combine all three metals. Such models are distinguished by their sophistication and unusual design.
What to combine with
One of the features of pink precious metal is that it suits almost everyone. Young girls and mature married ladies can easily add jewelry of this color to their collection, changing only the shades. The alloy can also be combined with any precious and semi-precious inserts. At the same time, the stones look cleaner and brighter.
Where can you buy or sell
You can purchase unusual rose gold jewelry at a jewelry store. Under no circumstances should you buy them second-hand: there is a high probability of getting a fake.
Old or disliked jewelry can also later be returned to a jewelry store or exchanged there for a new model. If the jewelry has significant defects (broken chain, broken lock, etc.), you may be sent to a pawnshop. In this case, gold will most likely be purchased at scrap price.
Next, look at what other shades gold comes in:
Why is rose gold cheaper?
The low price of the alloy is influenced by its alloy. There is a small amount of silver here, the proportion of copper is much larger. It does not belong to precious metals, its cost is significantly less. For gold of other colors (yellow, white), the main component of the alloy is silver or palladium, which are much more expensive. As a result, two products with the same weight and markings will have different prices.
How much is 1 gram of rose gold worth today?
The cost of such jewelry depends on the standard of metal, decoration, weight of gold, presence and size of inserts. The price of precious metals can also affect the price.
Price for 999 standard according to the Central BankMarket value of the standard todayPrice for scrapPrice in jewelryRecommendations for care, cleaning and storage
In many ways, the rules for caring for and wearing pink jewelry are similar to those for their yellow counterparts. However, there are also nuances. First of all, such jewelry should not be exposed to reactions with mercury and strong acids. In this regard, it is recommended to limit the contact of jewelry with household chemicals.
The ligature does not protect the alloy from mechanical stress. When wearing, you must be careful not to hit the metal or scratch it. If there is a strong external load, the product can also be dented, as a result of which it will also lose its attractiveness.
It is recommended to use a soap solution to clean the surface. The water should be warm. Under no circumstances should pink alloys be boiled. Heavy stains can be removed with a cloth or a brush with soft bristles.
What types of pink alloy jewelry are there?
With the increasing popularity of rose gold, the variety of jewelry available for sale is increasing. If desired, you can collect a complete set of jewelry in one style - ring, pendant, bracelet, earrings.
Gemstones look quite unusual with pink alloys, regardless of their shape and number of carats. Gold goes well with any insert, but jewelers especially highlight pastel-colored stones. Diamond engagement rings are in great demand.
Tips for choosing
Before you buy the rose gold jewelry you like, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with a few simple recommendations:
Be sure to look at the stamp - the higher the sample number, the more pure Au the product contains.
For everyday wear, 585-carat jewelry is recommended, which combines low price and sufficient strength, and for special occasions you can buy a set with a higher aurum content.
Rose gold has many shades, so when purchasing, you should try on several different products to choose the most suitable color scheme.
Reviews
Anna: “For my birthday, the guy gave me a set of pendant, earrings and ring. All in rose gold. Looks great. At the same time rich, tender, and elegant. I wear it with an evening dress and feel like a princess.”
Katerina: “I really liked my friend’s rose gold ring, I wanted the same one for myself. But I was stupid - I bought the cheapest one, 375 samples. As a result, after just six months there are a lot of scratches and several chips.”
Galina: “In practice, in Moscow, I bought a small pendant as a gift for my sister. She is still delighted and almost never parted with the gift. What’s especially pleasing is that the color of the surface does not fade at all.”
Conclusion
A gold ring or pendant with a pink tint can be a wonderful gift for any occasion. Firstly, it is attractive in itself. Secondly, the popularity of this color in jewelry is increasing, which means that the owner of an unusual piece of jewelry will be in trend.
Want to know more about gold, jewelry and fashion trends in jewelry? Subscribe to our pages on social networks and stay up to date with the latest news.
Source: https://zhazhdazolota.ru/vidy/rozovoe
Yellow, red or white gold: which is better and what are the differences?
Gold is the luxury and elegance of a noble “sunny” metal, often combined with semi-precious and precious stones. They never go out of fashion and are valued much higher than silver jewelry. Jewelry craftsmen give the precious metal a variety of shapes, which can be classic or in line with the prevailing trend.
The difference between jewelry is not only in design. Yellow, red or white gold can be used to create jewelry, each of which looks beautiful in its own way, but invariably raises the question as to which one is better and what the differences between them are.
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Three colors of gold
The term “gold” when applied to jewelry is relative. In jewelry, alloys are used when precious metal is mixed with other chemical elements to produce yellow, red or white gold, as well as some other shades.
Ligature - the ratio of impurities and the main element in the alloy is reflected in the sample. The conditional “reference” value is “24 carats” or “1000”. And if the standard of the product is 585, then it is made of an alloy that contains 585 units of gold (pure) and 415 parts - alloying elements.
The introduction of a certain amount of copper, silver, palladium, zinc, nickel determines the color of gold:
- Yellow. It is a ligature made of gold, silver, copper. Since ancient times, it has symbolized wealth and power, a noble position in society, and has not lost its relevance today. It can have different shades from light to dark. It all depends on the amount of silver.
- Red. Its composition differs little from yellow, but the amount of copper taken is many times greater. The latter is the “secret” of the characteristic color. It was practically the only alloy common in the USSR. These times were different in that there was no question before a person as to what kind of yellow, red or white gold to buy.
- White. It looks similar to platinum, but is much cheaper. This has become the reason for the increased demand for jewelry made from it in recent years. It gets its hue thanks to nickel, palladium, and platinum. The first one is the cheapest and is prohibited in many countries due to the possible manifestation of an allergy to the alloy, which can also quickly darken. Ligature with platinum is considered noble, which is reflected in the cost.
Post Jewelry made from natural stones: stylish and unusual
It is necessary to understand that yellow, red or white gold may have a similar standard, that is, the same amount of precious metal in the composition. The acquired shade is determined by the ratio of alloying elements. In relation to a white alloy, it also matters whether palladium, platinum or nickel is included in the composition. This affects both cost and quality.
Why are jewelry made from alloys and not pure gold?
The purest alloy of precious metal is red. Secondary impurities in its composition cannot exceed ten percent, and the fineness cannot be lower than 916. This material has a high cost and consists almost entirely of gold, but its inherent softness and fragility did not contribute to the spread of jewelry made of red alloy.
The only way to compensate for the deficiency is to increase the mass, and, accordingly, the weight of the jewelry. A small ring or earrings made of .999 gold will deform slightly or severely over time. In order for a simple and uncomplicated wedding ring to last a long time, its weight should start from 8 grams or more.
The high cost and limited design led to the need to introduce secondary metals. And if relatively recently it was possible to purchase only yellow, red or white gold, in recent years, depending on the composition of the alloy, the following shades have appeared:
- blue;
- blue;
- violet;
- green;
- black;
- grey;
- brown.
Unusual green, blue, violet, light blue alloys are quite vulnerable and are most often used as inserts to replace precious stones. There are not very many fans of such “exotic” products, and the production of products is limited. Yellow, red or white gold is in much greater demand, which is often used by both private small workshops and world-famous jewelry houses.
There is one thing to consider about the color of gold. The hue is not always the result of ligature, that is, the introduction of various secondary metals. There are laser processing techniques and chemical reactions to achieve the desired color. Jewelry made from precious metal obtained in this way is valued much lower than from alloys, which should definitely be taken into account before purchasing.
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Red gold
Well known to the older generation, it has several different shades. On sale you can find pale, dark, bright and other shades of red gold. Most residents of the post-Soviet space associate products made from it with something outdated.
Many buyers, when considering yellow, red or white gold, prefer the first and last alloy. The red-colored precious metal is inferior in terms of nobility to its competitors, but remains relevant. It is often used as an additional element of complex products.
Rings, rings, watches, and bracelets made of red gold look most advantageous. Experiments with the percentage of additives made it possible to obtain a pink-colored precious metal. It is quite popular, and jewelry made from it is mostly more affordable.
Yellow gold
It personifies the nobility of the precious metal and is associated specifically with gold. It comes in light “lemon” and darker shades. Unlike red, it is more versatile and goes well with various precious and semi-precious stones, looks good with European and Oriental clothing.
Among the advantages of the “solar” alloy are the following:
- Color . A ligature that produces a yellow tint represents exclusively gold.
- Versatility. Looks great on its own and suits those with both dark and light skin.
- Variety . Yellow gold jewelry can be simple or intricate, with precious and semi-precious stones.
- Availability. Due to the absence of expensive secondary metals, unlike white, which requires palladium or platinum, it has a lower cost.
It should be remembered that yellow, red or white gold is graded according to its purity, so the price may vary for similar products, either down or up. The more precious metal in the “sunny” shade of the alloy, the higher the price.
White gold
An increasingly popular precious metal alloy today, it has become a more affordable alternative to platinum. It is combined with diamonds and natural black pearls. It invariably attracts attention and testifies to the impeccable taste of its owner.
The main advantages of white gold include:
- Prestige. Jewelry similar to platinum evokes admiration and increases the status of its owner in the eyes of others.
- Originality. Jewelry made from this alloy is distinguished by intricate shapes and highly complex designs.
- Trend. White gold is at the peak of its popularity, which means that the owner of such jewelry is a person who follows fashion trends.
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The most accessible alloy is considered to be nickel, but it is prohibited as an allergen in a number of countries. Galvanization can eliminate the disadvantage. And if, when choosing yellow, red or white gold, preference is given to the latter, and it contains nickel, you need to clarify this point with the seller. Otherwise, there is a possibility of rashes and irritation on the skin.
Palladium is safe, but less hard and less polishable. Platinum gives the alloy a noble shine and strength and does not cause allergic reactions. This white gold ligature has no complaints. The only downside is the high cost, which is fully justified by the luxurious appearance of the jewelry.
Which gold is better?
There is no clear answer to this question. It is important to understand that yellow, red or white gold is made by adding varying percentages of secondary metals to enhance the quality of the final jewelry piece. The shade has nothing to do with the sample. It only demonstrates the amount of gold in the alloy.
The main criteria that you should focus on are your own preferences, the outfit for which you are purchasing the jewelry or set, and the standard of the precious metal. The most common is 585. Jewelry of 750 is less common. They are more expensive and are most often intended not for everyday wear, but for going out.
The most fashionable and expensive is white, and the most common and affordable is yellow. Products made of red gold have their fans, but more preference is given to rings made of this metal in a lighter color, that is, close to a pink palette.
Summarizing
It must be remembered that yellow, red or white gold can have different compositions. It depends on the country of manufacture and jewelry house. Some save money and introduce cheap impurities into the remaining 415 (585 standard) or 250 (750 standard) parts, and sell them as expensive jewelry. The color of gold is a matter of taste, but you should pay close attention to the quality of the alloy and purchase jewelry from trusted brands.
Source: https://zhenskietainy.ru/moda/ukrasheniay/zheltoe-krasnoe-ili-beloe-zoloto-kakoe-luchshe-iv-chem-razlichiya
Which gold is better
The question of which gold is best to buy will never lose its relevance. After all, the number of lovers of this noble metal is growing every day. In addition, there are also more and more types of this precious metal, and products made from it are becoming more sophisticated and varied.
To choose the right aurum jewelry, you should follow some simple principles that will allow you to choose not just a beautiful product, but a quality product that will last you for many years.
Step #1. Selecting a sample
According to government decree, any product containing 30 percent or more pure gold must have a hallmark - a hallmark, which is determined by the weight content of aurum in the alloy. The strength of the purchase, its durability, resistance to external negative influences and, of course, the price will depend on it.
In Russia, 585 and 750 samples are most often used for making jewelry. The first option is the most common for the production of “everyday jewelry”. This one contains up to 59% gold, is characterized by increased hardness, wear resistance and has excellent external characteristics. In addition, the metal does not lose its original shine and splendor for a long time, is resistant to damage, does not bend or break.
The second option contains up to 75.5% pure gold, which is why it has a rich yellow color and magnificent shine. However, the more precious metal the jewelry contains and the less ligature, the softer and more fragile it becomes.
Such products quickly wear out from constant wear, become deformed, and scratches quickly appear on their surface.
Therefore, such gold is better suited for creating rings, chains, earrings, and body icons for important events in life and special occasions.
Step #2. Deciding on the shade
The second thing you should pay attention to after testing is the shade of the product made of precious metal. Pure jewelry gold is called red gold and has a rich yellow color. However, it is quite soft, which is why it is mixed with ligature - other metals that increase the strength of jewelry, giving them a beautiful shade and shine. The color of the product is determined by what metal and in what quantity is used as an alloying additive:
- Yellow indicates a high standard of gold - this is the natural color of the metal. However, high-carat jewelry is not durable and is quite expensive.
- A pink or red tint is obtained when copper acts as a ligature. The greater the proportion of copper in the composition, the richer the red color of the finished product. Such an alloy is considered low-grade. However, jewelry made from it is very durable, able to withstand loads and retain any shape.
- Today, white jewelry is especially popular, replacing very expensive platinum and silver, which is quickly losing its appearance. This color is achieved by adding platinum, palladium, rhodium or nickel. The most noble ligature is platinum - it makes jewelry more durable and also gives it a refined appearance. Palladium imparts a subtle yellowish tint. When rhodium plating, a thin layer of rhodium is applied to the product, which makes the color white. Nickel is not used as often as it is not suitable for everyone and can cause allergic reactions.
- Fans of non-standard colors can choose set rings, bracelets, earrings or brooches with a pronounced greenish tint. This color is achieved when silver is used as a ligature.
The cost of various jewelry does not depend on the shade of gold. The price is determined by the breakdown, that is, by the weight content of the precious metal in the alloy. Which color is more sophisticated and looks more sophisticated is up to you to decide. The choice depends on your taste preferences.
Step #3. We check the quality
Really high-quality precious metal products are hallmarked. In our country, this is a print of a girl in a kokoshnik looking to the right. Then you should study the tag, which contains information about the manufacturer, weight and sample of the product, name of the product and its cost. Pay attention to whether the sample indicated on the jewelry matches the one on the tag - this information must match.
The fact that the jewelry is genuine is indicated by its appearance. Please review the product carefully before purchasing. Gold should not be dull, it must shine and shimmer beautifully in the light. The structure of the metal must be uniform and free from defects, irregularities and scratches. Places of soldering and fastening must be done carefully and efficiently.
Consultants who work in large jewelry stores are always ready to help you decide which gold is best to buy. They will also help you choose a product or set of jewelry that suits your taste.
Residents of St. Petersburg can order exquisite gold jewelry in our Petrogold jewelry workshop. We make wedding rings, gold chains, gold crosses, which will allow you to become the owner of a truly unique item.
Source: https://www.petrogold.ru/blog/kakoe-zoloto-luchshe
Which is better to choose gold: yellow, white or red?
Gold jewelry is always highly valued and never goes out of style. This metal can be given the most varied and bizarre shapes and combined with precious stones. An experienced jeweler can determine which gold is better - red, yellow or white - for creating a particular product.
Colors and chemical composition
The word “gold” in relation to jewelry cannot be called absolutely correct. In its pure form, precious metal is not used to make jewelry. Usually craftsmen prepare special alloys with other chemicals. The result is a variety of varieties - red, white, yellow and others. The differences between these varieties are in their qualitative composition.
The ratio of gold and impurities is usually called a ligature. In Russia, the quantitative gold content in an alloy is calculated by its fineness. 1000 is taken as the conventional standard. If the product has a hallmark of 585, the alloy contains 585 units of gold and 415 of other elements per 1000 parts. The more parts of gold in the mixture, the higher the purity.
In the West, the quality of the mixture is determined by carats. The highest standard is considered to be 24 carats. This is pure gold, which is equivalent to the Russian 1000.
The color of gold is determined by the qualitative composition of the impurities contained:
- The yellow variety is a combination with silver and copper. Such a composition has at all times been a symbol of prosperity and reflected the material and social status of the owner. Depending on the amount of silver, yellow gold can be of several shades - from light to rich dark.
- The qualitative composition of red gold is no different from yellow gold. The difference is that there is several times more copper in this alloy. It is copper that gives the mixture its characteristic color. In the last century, in the territory of the former USSR, only such gold was in use.
- White gold resembles platinum in appearance. However, its cost is much lower, which made the metal popular. The white color of the mixture is due to the presence of palladium, platinum, silver or nickel. The latter element is banned in many countries because it often darkens and causes allergic skin reactions. The most noble and expensive is the alloy with a high platinum content.
By adding other chemicals to the alloy, jewelers are able to create a variety of shades - bluish, greenish, etc.
Red and pink variety
This type includes copper and zinc. The resulting material is durable and malleable, which is very valuable for jewelry processing. The jewelry looks amazing, but is a little cheaper. Most often, diamonds, garnets, and rubies are set in such gold. Products with a slight reddish tint are very durable. Thanks to its high plasticity, it is possible to make the most complex and subtle patterns from it.
In European countries, this material is not highly valued - it is considered to be of low quality. In the West, the yellow species is preferred. Just a few years ago, women in Russia did not care whether gold was more expensive, pink or yellow, since the choice was limited only to red and pink varieties.
Yellow alloy
Yellow gold contains silver and copper . It is highly valued for its warm color. The closest thing to pure native metal. However, such a mixture is more difficult to process, so products made from it do not turn out as exquisite.
There should be much more silver in the composition than copper. In this case, it will be possible to achieve a bright sunny color of the metal. In addition to the 585 sample, there is a rarer 750 and a very rare 958.
Comparative characteristics
The purity of all types of gold can be the same, that is, the content of pure gold in any alloy will be the same, only the composition of impurities differs .
Sometimes it is difficult to determine which gold is more expensive: white, yellow or red. It is a mistake to believe that yellow material has the lowest price. In fact, white alloy is considered the most expensive.
The yellow variety is highly prized for its sunny color and durability. This look is not often combined with gemstones. Usually these are diamond inlays. Such jewelry is worn only for special occasions. They are perfect for people with light and dark skin.
But red gold has a more affordable price and is much more often combined with stones. Products made from it can often be found in everyday life. The red mixture retains its original appearance and shape much better, and is strong and durable.
To decide whether white gold or yellow gold is better, you need to take into account the higher cost of the former and the softness of the latter. White alloy is considered the most prestigious and indicates the high status of the owner. As for fashion trends, it's not so much about the type of metal, but about the design of the product itself.
Selection rules
Experts advise choosing gold depending on the purpose for which it is used. Most often, the precious metal is used to make jewelry. In addition, it is becoming increasingly in demand in the microelectronics, medical, pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Principles for choosing material for jewelry:
- For everyday wear, it is better to choose jewelry made of red alloy.
- The yellow variety is considered more luxurious and expensive. Products made from it are purchased for special occasions. Such jewelry is not suitable for daily use, since the yellow mixture is too soft and easily deformed. Repairing such products will cost the owner significantly more.
- Those who decide to get a gold watch inlaid with precious stones are better off opting for the red version. Such a thing will be durable, reliable and look great on your hand.
- The yellow variety is traditionally used to make wedding rings - it has always symbolized eternal love, stability and marital fidelity.
- For making fancy ornaments and complex jewelry, white or red metal is more suitable. They are used to make decorative flowers, leaves and buds.
- Yellow-colored products are distinguished by laconic lines and a minimum of complex details. Even if you make a complex piece of jewelry from such metal, it will not have such an impressive appearance as red or white.
The buyer, based on his preferences, chooses which gold is better - white or yellow.
Quality assessment upon purchase
When purchasing jewelry, you need to pay attention to some points that indicate its quality. First of all, pay attention to its sample. It is important that the numbers on the tag and on the product itself match. Reputable jewelry manufacturers put their trademark or logo on them. This can be an indirect confirmation of high quality and authenticity.
Next, you should study the following indicators:
- Information on the tag: it should contain information about the sample, weight, chemical composition, manufacturer and cost.
- Appearance of decoration. All fastenings and soldering points must look neat and of high quality. A good product has no unevenness or visible defects.
The manufacturer is of great importance. Today, Italian-made jewelry is becoming increasingly popular. It is not worth buying products from Turkey - the composition of the ligatures in them leaves much to be desired. Very often, only the clasp with a sample is made of high-quality material, and the entire product contains a large amount of copper. With constant wear, it will quickly come to the surface.
In general, which gold is better - red, white or yellow - depends on the purpose for which the jewelry is purchased and on the financial capabilities of the buyer.
Source: https://VseoMetallah.ru/zoloto/kakoe-luchshe-vybrat
What is more expensive - white or yellow gold? Differences, differences, chemical composition, application
Jewelry made of precious metals - gold, in particular - is luxurious and elegant, in which the metal itself and inclusions of precious and semi-precious stones are perfectly combined. Beauty, which never ceases to be fashionable, is valued much more than silver jewelry. What is more expensive - white or yellow gold? Jewelers make masterpieces from any shades in a classic or fashionable direction.
But jewelry, in addition to design, also differs in appearance, color and cost of the materials from which they are created. For such purposes, gold of various shades is used - yellow, red and white. What is cheaper - white or yellow gold?
They all look incomparable, but questions arise about which material is more valuable, better quality and how they differ from each other.
Shades of gold
The purest gold alloy (pure gold) has an admixture of secondary metals no higher than ten percent and a fineness equal to or higher than 915. This composition is almost entirely gold, and its price is very high. At the same time, it is soft and flexible; you can crush it with your fingers without much effort. Of course, it is irrational to make jewelry from such material.
The only way to compensate for this shortcoming is to increase the weight, and therefore the cost of the jewelry. Small rings or earrings made of 999 fine alloy will deform in a short time, and, accordingly, there will be no demand for them. To significantly increase service life, it should weigh from 7 grams. Its price will become prohibitively high.
It was the move away from the high cost and limited designs of jewelry that led to the introduction of an additional component or several into the alloy. This causes the color of the final metal to change.
And if earlier in the windows there were jewelry of only three colors - yellow, red and white, now on sale there are products in shades of green, blue, purple, etc. There are fans of such exotic things, but there are few of them.
Therefore, they decorate products made from traditional alloys.
As you already understand, the designation “golden” is relative when applied to jewelry. Jewelers use an alloy for their work; it differs in color and cost. So what is more expensive - white or yellow gold?
The percentage of impurities in the alloy is reflected in the sample. Let’s say the fineness of a product is 585, then it contains 585 parts of gold, and the rest of 415 units is occupied by other metals.
By introducing a certain amount of copper, silver, palladium, zinc and nickel components, the shades of the resulting metal are determined.
Yellow gold is obtained by combining gold, silver and copper components. This classic, symbolizing prosperity, is still relevant today. It has many shades - from light to dark, depending on the mass fraction of silver.
Red gold is practically indistinguishable in composition from yellow gold, with the exception of copper content - there is a lot of it here. Copper colors alloys red. They were the only ones distributed in the Union.
White metal is achieved by adding nickel, palladium, platinum, and silver. In appearance it resembles platinum, but has a cheaper price.
Nickel is used less and less in the modern world, as it causes an allergic reaction in the body and has been banned in several countries. Plus, it gets dark pretty quickly. A mixture of gold and platinum is more noble and durable, but the price of such products is very high.
What's better? White or yellow gold? Reviews are mixed. Metal of any shade has a certain hallmark, and alloys of different colors have the same hallmark. This is not fraud, but only means that the precious metal is added to them in the same amount.
But the color is determined by the number of additional components, and this changes the cost. For example, the price of platinum is very high, which means the price of alloys with gold will become much higher.
Yellow metallic shade
Gold in yellow has always symbolized wealth and success. There is light lemon, and there is dark. In contrast to red, it is much more versatile and goes better with inserts of precious and semi-precious stones.
The advantages of this alloy include:
- Hue - ligatures (ratio of metals) allow you to get warm colors.
- Universal - suitable for everyone, regardless of skin color or hair.
- Varied - the shape of jewelry can be simple, intricate, with or without stones.
- Affordable - due to the absence of expensive additional metals in the alloy, they are much cheaper.
White alloy
It has become the most popular alloy of precious metals, much more affordable than platinum jewelry. Previously, nickel was added to the composition, but due to its harmful effects on the human body, it was banned. Therefore, the cost of white gold has increased greatly. This is due to the fact that the incoming additives are often much more expensive than the base metal.
The alloy has increased strength, the jewelry has an intricate shape and a very complex design.
Also, the cost is greatly influenced by the demand for such jewelry; they are very fashionable.
Why is white gold more expensive than yellow gold?
Every buyer sooner or later has a question: “Which is better?” Many people love white gold because of its warm, silvery color that looks great with any outfit. Although fans of yellow gold items speak disparagingly about white, claiming that it has a cheap look, similar to silver.
The texture of white gold is more durable and produces fewer scratches. Yellow jewelry wears out faster. Diamonds look worse on them, taking away some of their yellowness and losing their transparency.
At the same time, yellow metal reacts less to environmental factors, and white metal loses its shade, gradually darkening and turning yellow.
Additives add value to jewelry - silver, platinum, palladium. If the percentage of silver content is 64%, then white gold is obtained. The addition of palladium in an amount of more than ten percent allows all jewelry made from the alloy to be considered elite, which greatly affects their cost.
So, which gold is more expensive - white or yellow? White gold consistently commands a higher price.
Which gold is more expensive - white, red or yellow?
What shade of metal should you choose? And is it worth choosing by color? After all, the cost of jewelry is not determined by it, but by the amount of gold content in the alloy. Accordingly, the higher the standard, the greater the percentage of gold.
For example, the red color of gold is very attractive, but copper occupies a much larger part here than the precious metal. The price, compared to other types of gold, is much lower. But this has absolutely no effect on popularity.
And again we come to the conclusion that white gold is the most precious due to the addition of platinum or palladium components. White gold jewelry is a sign of prestige; it signifies belonging to the highest rank.
Disadvantages of gold products
Although many people believe that all such jewelry is made of pure gold, this is not true. The metal is very soft and can be easily deformed even without the use of special tools.
This deficiency is corrected by creating alloys with more or less expensive metals.
But still, jewelry often gets scratched and wrinkled. This is corrected by polishing the surface, but at the same time some of the top layer is removed, the product becomes smaller and lighter than when purchased.
The metal becomes stronger only when the standard is lowered, but this also means that gold is included here to a minimum.
The most affordable is an alloy with nickel content, but nickel is a very dangerous metal, prohibited in many countries. And when you choose decoration, be sure to take this fact into account. Otherwise, you risk developing dermatitis and eczema.
The ideal solution is platinum, the only negative is the very high price, which is not suitable for everyone.
So what is more expensive - white or yellow gold? The final answer is this: the most fashionable and expensive, of course, is white, but the most common and affordable option is yellow. But this is all a matter of taste and your preferences - wear what you like best!
Source: https://FB.ru/article/427665/chto-doroje---beloe-ili-jeltoe-zoloto-raznitsa-otlichiya-himicheskiy-sostav-primenenie
Rose gold – how to choose and how it differs from other types of gold products
06-11-2018
The appearance of the “rose gold” alloy is a lucky mistake by jewelers. Thus, a slight violation of the proportions when adding impurities to gold caused the birth of a precious metal of an unusual pink color. True, gold products in this shade did not immediately gain their popularity.
For example, at the dawn of its appearance in the Middle Ages, this alloy was regarded by jewelers as defective and was not used at all. But centuries and decades later, fashion became more dynamic, and this type of jewelry also found its admirers.
Every year the range of rose gold products grows, and their unique design attracts more and more fans.
What is the difference between rose and regular gold?
This type of alloy differs from other types of gold by a certain percentage of copper in its alloy. Copper, which itself has a characteristic red color, gives gold a pinkish tint. A high proportion of copper impurities in pure gold will give the jewelry an intense shine and a deep pink tint, even slightly reddish, but the less copper is in the alloy, the less pronounced the shimmer will be.
The yellow gold we are used to will differ from the “pink” alloy in its characteristics. This is due to the difference in the content of silver and copper in the alloys. Red gold contains more than 50% copper impurities; a noble iridescent pinkish tint is given to products by increasing the mass of silver in the alloy, and so on, depending on what color the precious metal should ultimately acquire.
Precious metal sample
As with any other gold jewelry, the hallmark on a rose gold piece indicates the percentage of metals in the precious alloy. A value of 375 indicates that there is an equal amount of copper and precious metal, with 25% of the alloy being silver. The 375-karat alloy has a reddish tint with a pronounced scarlet tint; such products are reminiscent of historical treasures.
The piece, marked 750, is 75% pure metal and has a more typical bright yellow color. The hallmark marking on a gold product also answers the question of how many grams of pure gold are in the ring or earrings.
So, for example, to determine the mass of precious metal in an 858-carat item, you need to multiply the weight of the chain or bracelet by 85.8%, the result will be equal to the mass of gold in grams.
The most common is the 585 alloy, which contains 58.5% pure gold. This precious metal is strong, at the same time ultra-flexible, and, importantly, durable, which is why it is widely used in jewelry production. 585 gold items attract attention with their delicate, noble shimmer and are suitable for everyone without exception. The more silver the alloy contains, the more delicate the shade of gold will be, the lighter the precious jewelry will look.
Of course, in a jewelry store it is impossible to find jewelry made from alloys of several types of samples at once, not to mention the entire line. In addition, jewelers very carefully select an alloy with what percentage of gold will be used to make a particular piece of jewelry. Thus, a small household trinket will never be marked 875, just as bank bars and coins are cast entirely from pure gold.
| Try | gold,% | Color | Products | Purchase price, rubles/gram |
| 350 | 35 | Yellowish or reddish | Interior items, figurines, cigarette cases | from 2000 |
| 375 | 37,5 | Red | Wedding rings in the USSR, not used now | 840-890 |
| 583 | 58 | Red | Not applicable | 1300 |
| 585 | 58,5 | Yellow, white, green, pinkish, red | Widely distributed, applicable to all kinds of jewelry | 1420 |
| 750 | 75 | Typical yellow, white with greenish tint, pinkish or reddish | Small jewelry: pendants, earrings, cufflinks, etc. | 1600-1800 |
| 875 | 87,5 | Yellow | Common in jewelry making in the Middle East; coinage in Mexico | – |
| 999 | 99,9 | Chervonny | In banking for the production of coins, bars | 2150-2390 |
Rose metal jewelry
Jewelry craftsmen value rose gold for its ease of processing and elasticity; increased ductility is one of the characteristic properties of this alloy.
Products made of gold in pink color turn out to be interesting and non-standard; their fantasy design and sophisticated curves are favorably emphasized by gentle tints, which makes rings and earrings even more attractive.
This type of product is characterized by the application of drawings and patterns, inserts of precious stones or crystals. Due to the high ductility of the precious metal alloy, rose gold products are distinguished by elegance and emphasized accuracy.
Proper care of rose gold jewelry
The delicate pink shade of the jewelry goes well with many styles of clothing and suits its owner at any age. The characteristic shimmer favorably emphasizes the skillful cutting and inlay with precious stones.
Wedding rings for a wedding, a memorable gift in the form of earrings or a pendant with a chain for a celebration, so that these family heirlooms do not lose their original appearance, serve and delight for a long time, they must be properly looked after.
There are several simple, generally accepted rules that will help preserve the noble shine of the precious metal and its sophisticated pink hue for a long time:
- Do not clean products with abrasive dry materials;
- Do not boil jewelry, allow it to come into contact with acids or mercury, and avoid exposure to soapy solutions;
try to protect jewelry from contact with hard and sharp objects, do not throw them on the table, floor, or scratch them on glass.
What to consider when choosing pink gold jewelry
Today, when fashion is so dynamic and open, you can find rose gold products on sale in all sorts of shades: from light mother-of-pearl to almost purple-red. In addition to choosing a jewelry design and an attractive price, first of all, you need to pay attention to the sample, marking or carats.
A low percentage of pure precious metal in a ring or bracelet indicates a lower resistance to external damage. Of course, the higher the sample number, the higher the price of such a product, but also the more precious metal in grams is in the precious alloy. For daily use, it is best to choose 585 gold.
Jewelry marked 585 is as strong and reliable as it is elegant. This is an ideal balance of quality, price and elegance that has already been established over decades.
Source: https://zoloto21.ru/stati/rozovoe-zoloto-chem-otlichaetsya-kak-vybrat/
Red or white gold: which one to choose?
Gold is a soft metal, and it is impossible to make earrings or a ring from a pure substance - they will be soft like plaster. That is why, in order for the precious metal to become solid, an alloy - auxiliary components - is added to Au. Depending on the composition of the ligature, you can enjoy jewelry made of white, lemon, rose or red gold, and depending on the percentage of the ligature in the alloy, you can choose a standard of precious metal, for example, 585 or 750.
What is red and white gold made of?
Red gold is an alloy of Au and copper. This is exactly the shade you imagine when talking, for example, about a classic engagement ring. White contains silver, palladium, and sometimes zinc or nickel. The Au percentage does not depend on the color of the gold, but on its fineness!
Is it true that white gold is more expensive than red? With the same percentage of the gold component, the white alloy contains a more expensive alloy; in addition, its production is technologically a more complex process, so for the manufacturer its price is higher than that of the red one, but the difference in cost is insignificant - about 2%. That is why for the end consumer the price of white and red gold will be the same. When going to a pawnshop, the color of the jewelry is also not taken into account - the metal is accepted at the same price.
White gold appeared not so long ago; demand for it arose with the growing popularity of diamonds - at the beginning of the 20th century. It has been noted that the optimal frame for “a girl’s best friend” is platinum, a light-colored precious metal. However, it is quite expensive, and they offered a replacement.
The white gold alloy is often coated with a thin layer of another precious metal - rhodium. You can appreciate the effect using this diamond engagement ring as an example. Thanks to rhodium plating, jewelry acquires a cool platinum shine, which suits diamonds so well. However, now white gold without rhodium plating is becoming more and more popular. It has a delicate yellowish tint and looks warm. You can see it on Palace double alloy rings, such as this 3 diamond model.
Which gold is better, white or red?
This issue needs to be considered from different points of view:
- Style. Of course, the white precious metal is now outperforming the red one in popularity. Red gold is more often used to create elegant classic and vintage designs, while white gold is used for modern jewelry designs.
- Allergy danger . Gold is a hypoallergenic metal, but the components included in the ligature can cause a local allergic reaction. If you have an individual intolerance, you should choose not a specific color, but a high 750 standard - it contains fewer impurities.
- Durability . The rhodium layer wears off over time, so many buyers are wary of rhodium-plated wedding rings. You can restore the coating in a matter of minutes. The Wedding Ring Palace provides lifelong service to the brand’s products, so restoring the beauty of your rings is very easy!
Still haven't decided which shade you like best? Perhaps a combination red and white alloy wedding ring is what you're looking for? Dual-alloy models can once and for all solve the dilemma of “which gold is better”! In addition, they solve combinatorial problems: you can add jewelry made of metal of any color to them!
Listen to your desires and choose gold jewelry to suit your taste! Well, the largest selection of wedding rings made of white, lemon, red gold, bi-alloy and tri-alloy models awaits you within the walls of the Belgorod Wedding Ring Palace on Preobrazhenskaya 84!
Source: https://belgorod.cokgold.ru/articles/kakoe-zoloto-luchshe-beloe-ili-krasnoe
Which gold is better - red, yellow, white or pink?
Gold is the precious metal from which most jewelry and luxury items are made. Currently, not only the usual yellow gold, but also its red, pink and even blue analogues have become available to people.
Yellow gold
Pure gold is a rather fragile, soft and unreliable material with an amazingly beautiful yellow color. But it is not possible to use it alone, since the final product will be extremely short-lived and impractical.
For example, today jewelry made from the purest gold is made in Japan, and only in single copies.
As a rule, jewelry made from such material is worn by the owners only a few times in their entire lives, after which they are either inherited or safely melted down.
Yellow gold
Yellow gold is a traditional material used to make jewelry. Its main components are pure gold, copper and silver. The specific gravity of the precious metal itself is measured by samples. Today, the most common jewelry is made from Eastern European and European yellow gold.
Alloys
European jewelers prefer to add more silver to the alloy, as a result of which it acquires increased fragility and an obvious lemon sheen. Russian craftsmen, on the contrary, enrich gold raw materials with copper, which makes the final products extremely strong and durable, but have a somewhat reddish tint.
Red gold
This type of precious metal appears as a result of adding alloying substances such as copper and zinc to the alloy. Moreover, the larger the copper part, the more saturated, deep and pronounced shade of red the finished jewelry will acquire. If you add an additional 10 percent palladium to red gold, then clear glimpses of a brown tint will appear in its color, while even the smallest amount of silver softens and ennobles the color of the finished alloy.
White and yellow gold
Jewelers from all over the world especially value this type of precious metal, as it makes it possible to create durable, amazingly beautiful and impressive jewelry that can last for hundreds of years. The combination of red gold with rubies, garnets and other similar stones is especially chic.
Rose Gold
The pink substance used to make jewelry is the result of a chemical reaction between pure gold, copper and silver, with the latter occupying no more than 1/5 of the total volume. In order to obtain working material with the most delicate shade of pink, jewelers use exactly 750 grade raw materials as a base.
Arguing about why pink precious metal is better than standard yellow, I would like to say the following: it looks much more extravagant and beautiful, has a more reasonable price, and precious stones encased in rose gold acquire a special purity, transparency and depth of their natural colors.
Since 2006, this substance has not lost its popularity. It is considered the ideal metal for those who love light and effortless jewelry, and designers around the world have successfully used rose gold to create mind-blowing accessories.
White gold
The white tint of this metal is provided by the presence of platinum, silver, palladium or nickel. Moreover, if there is more silver in the alloy, then the final product will turn out white and noticeably matte.
Typically, the main substance for the manufacture of this type of precious metal is 585 grade gold, and it itself is used to make jewelry with black pearls and diamonds.
An interesting fact is that previously they tried to replace white gold with platinum or silver, but the first is an expensive and refractory material, while the second oxidizes very quickly and loses its marketable appearance.
Since 1920, three methods of producing white gold have been practiced around the world, the most popular of which involves the use of nickel as an additional alloying substance. And for good reason, because it is this that makes the final product affordable and very similar to a platinum product. But all this is possible only when interacting with high-grade brands of raw materials.
Since, in the current environmental crisis, almost every 8th person on our planet is allergic to nickel, since 2000, according to the EU regulation, white gold must be made exclusively with the addition of palladium. Therefore, when deciding whether to buy a pink or white gold ring for your other half, make sure of the quality of the metal.
It is worth noting that today the jewelry industry uses not only red or yellow gold, but also blue, green and even gray gold. So, for example, when mixing three parts gold and one part steel, a blue precious metal appears, which can be seen in the photo, but green is the result of the interaction of cadmium, silver, copper and pure gold.
Depending on how much the steel is enlarged, you can get a gray or even black precious substance. At the moment, metals of this color are used only in the form of separate inserts decorating the main piece of jewelry, which is explained by their low strength and fragility.
Having studied everything said above, you can decide for yourself which piece of jewelry will be your first or next purchase.
It turns out that for the role of a family heirloom it is better to choose a traditional or red precious metal, while all other varieties are just a tribute to fashion and fetish.
Source: http://zolotoigid.ru/kakoe-zoloto-luchshe
Which gold is more expensive - prices for white, yellow and rose gold
The question “what is the most expensive gold” relates to the field of investment. The highest price is given for “red” gold of 999 purity. This is the chemical element Au in its pure form with a gold content of 99.9%. During the time of Tsarist Russia, gold coins were made from this gold, called “chervonets”. 999 gold is too soft to make jewelry from.
Red gold has a bright yellow color, and the addition of impurities - alloys - changes the color of the alloy. The spectrum of gold alloys ranges in color from white and pale yellow to various shades of pink and red. In order to find out which gold is more expensive: white, red or yellow, you need to understand the composition of the alloys.
Comparison of multi-colored gold
Fineness is a value indicating the number of parts of gold in an alloy. The physical characteristics, color and cost of the metal depend on the number on the sample. Obviously, determining which gold standard is the most expensive is quite simple. The most valuable is the presence of a large amount of gold in the alloy. This means that the higher the purity value, the higher the cost of the gold alloy.
Pure 999 gold is a metal prone to deformation. To ensure that precious metal products retain their shape, alloys are created. The main components of the alloys are:
- gold as the main component, in the amount of 375, 585 or 750 parts;
- silver;
- copper;
- palladium;
- platinum;
- sometimes nickel;
- rhodium, as a coating on white gold, to give it shine and durability.
We recommend reading: What are precious metals and what is their value?
Gold of any color can be represented by alloys of 375, 585 and 750 samples. The most expensive option in each color is 750 sample. The percentage of precious metals in the alloy will help answer the question of what is more expensive - white or yellow gold. Adding platinum to white gold makes the metal more valuable than the yellow alloy containing silver and copper.
Pink gold
The pink tones of the metal tell us about the high copper content in the gold alloy. This is the gold of the Soviet period, which we saw on our grandmothers.
Soviet gold, distributed throughout the trading network to a wide range of consumers, was a metal with a red tint of varying intensities. Rose gold is more expensive than yellow gold only if the standard of the yellow metal product is lower than pink gold.
The price of rose gold per gram today ranges from 900 rubles for 375 hallmark gold to 2,100 rubles for 750 hallmark gold.
Advantages of rose gold:
- affordable price;
- resistance to mechanical deformation;
- Corrosion resistant;
- Looks great as a setting for diamonds.
Rose gold is valued by fans of the USSR heritage and modern jewelers. Global jewelry brands produce many of their collections in gold of these shades. The auction price of jewelry from Tiffany, Cartier, Van Cleef & Arpels and Graff and others is incommensurate with the price of the metal. Designer products are sold at prices that are tens or hundreds of times higher than the cost of gold material.
