What color is gold?

What color is gold?

Gold is a precious metal. It is considered one of the most durable in the world. If the question of what colors of gold were asked several decades ago, the answer would most likely be obvious to everyone.

But today, the modern world is moving forward with rapid steps, and the jewelry business is not lagging behind. Previously, all accessories made of this precious metal had a traditional yellow color.

And now, we can say with confidence that the abundance is simply enormous, there are a huge number of jewelry options on the market, and even more shapes and designs.

What colors does gold come in?

As for the color of gold, nowadays modern manufacturers add special various additives, such as ligatures, to give it a different shade.

Also, to give universal colors, they use a function to artificially increase shine, which makes the accessories even more elegant.

Let us note that each product always has a sample, so it will not be difficult to easily determine the amount of additives and the most precious metal. So, what colors of gold are there – read on:

1. White. Since such an alloy contains a certain amount of silver, as well as platinum, nickel or palladium, it sparkles with a light color. An interesting fact about the white variety: if you are allergic to nickel, it is better to buy jewelry with the addition of other metals. Among them are platinum or palladium.
2. Yellow. This alloy is characterized by the addition of silver and copper. Yes, at the same time, there is a little more of the first than the second. And if you see a sample number of 585, it means there will be more copper there, and if there is not enough of it, then the accessory will take on a greenish tone.
3. Pink. This type includes both copper and silver. Only as a percentage, the ratio will be slightly different. So, 750 sample has 12.5 percent of both metals. But 585 is about 10. As for copper, there is more than 30 percent there.
4. Black. It is obtained by two non-standard methods. The first is the same as blue gold, when they use a vacuum baker with chromium and also cobalt, and then oxidize it. And if it acquired a pure black color, then rhodium was used as a thin surface film.

Note that these were the primary colors that exist today.

Gold products

Nowadays, gold jewelry is very popular. So, they wear not only rings and earrings, but also wedding rings, bracelets, necklaces, and chains. Also, icons are framed with it, certain figures are decorated with it, only such work is done to order.

Source: https://parure-at.ru/kakogo-tsveta-byivaet-zoloto/

Types of gold and their properties

What color is gold? Most will answer: yellow, some will also remember white and red. Perhaps only specialists and those who are interested in the types and properties of this precious metal will be able to name black, pink, green, blue, indigo, brown and even purple gold. How do they differ and what properties do they have?

The usual yellow color is that of pure gold, without any additives. However, there is no point in making jewelry from it; it is soft and easily deformed (you can read about the sample here).

To give products strength and increase their service life, alloys are added to the metal - additional metals that improve the properties of the jewelry alloy and change the color of pure gold.

Yellow gold

The most common additives are silver and copper. You've probably noticed that yellow can have a reddish tint (when there is more copper than silver) or a lemon tint (when the amount of silver exceeds the amount of copper). Copper is much stronger than silver, so products with a reddish tint are stronger and do not lose their shape for a long time.

White gold

Platinum, palladium or nickel can give the white color. The alloy with platinum is considered the most valuable; products made from it are strong and surprisingly durable. But nickel, on the contrary, significantly reduces the price; jewelry made from this alloy is valued the least.

In addition, the nickel content in products can provoke an allergic reaction on the skin, and even dermatitis. Is it possible to independently determine what metal is added to gold? In principle, it is possible: firstly, nickel gives a slight yellowness, and secondly, platinum and nickel gold have a huge difference in price.

But if you have any doubts, it's best to take it to a jeweler to check.

Red and rose gold

Copper gives the red color to gold items. The more copper, the redder the hue. But due to the fact that the alloy with copper does not shine, silver is added to it, which gives shine and a noble appearance to jewelry. Copper in small quantities also gives a pink tint. By the way, this color is becoming perhaps the most popular today!

Unusual colors

The noble olive color is given by potassium, dark green by rubidium, blue by indium, blue by iron and chromium, and violet by potassium or aluminum. All these types are not durable and cannot be used as a basis for jewelry. They are used as decorative elements, replacing precious stones with colored gold.

By subjecting the alloy of gold and copper to special processing, a beautiful chocolate shade is obtained, which is gaining more and more popularity at fashion shows. And black gold is obtained by oxidizing an alloy with chromium and cobalt, or by covering the finished product with black rhodium.

I wonder what new shades of gold will jewelers invent, and what color of this noble metal will be most relevant next season? We will know the answers to these questions very, very soon.

Source: https://jeland.ru/zoloto/vidy-zolota-i-ih-svoystva.htm

What color is gold? Characteristics of each color, features

Most gold jewelry has a bright yellow tint. This color is traditional for the noble metal. Sometimes, the product may have a reddish tint.

This depends on the composition of the additional components included in the alloys. But modern technologies have reached such a scale that in jewelry stores you can find gold products in white, green, blue and other shades.

What determines the color of gold?

Gold, even in its purest form, contains 1% impurities.

In jewelry, precious metal accounts for 60%. The remaining portion is occupied by the ligature.

The color of the final gold is determined by the quantity and specific gravity of the elements that combine with it to form an alloy that is used to make the product.

To impart increased strength, other metals are added to gold experimentally and using chemical reagents, which not only change its physical characteristics, but also give it a different color shade.

The main components included in the alloy are copper, zinc, palladium, silver and others. The final result depends on the experience and professionalism of the craftsmen.

What color is gold?

As already noted, the color of gold directly depends on the components that form the alloy.

In this regard, the following shades of noble metal are distinguished:

• White. Jewelry made from it represents a classic of the genre in the jewelry industry. This color is obtained thanks to the palladium, silver, and platinum included in the alloy. In terms of its physical characteristics, white gold is very similar to platinum, but is significantly lower in cost. In addition, connections with platinum make the metal more durable, which allows craftsmen to have unlimited imagination when working with it.
• Black. Jewelry made from it relatively recently entered the world of jewelers. They cause delight and surprise among jewelry lovers. A specific method for obtaining a black tint has not yet been disclosed. Those jewelers who managed to achieve such a result prefer to keep the secret a secret. The exclusive appearance of black gold jewelry significantly increases its value compared to other products. Even men cannot resist products of this shade. Mainly these are bracelets and watches.
• Gold of red and red shades. The number of other compounds in alloys of these colors is minimal, which is why it is more popular than others. Copper and pure gold are combined in such shades in proportions according to GOST standards.
• Yellow gold is an unfading classic that will never go out of style. Most often found on shelves is yellow gold, which has a minimal copper content. Products made from it are complemented by other shades of metal or precious stones.
• Pink. Popular with those who prefer to buy and wear fine jewelry. The delicate shade of pink emphasizes the femininity of the owner of the jewelry and her elegance. Adding different gemstones to the final product will give it a premium look.
• Green. Products made from it are extremely rare. They are more in demand among people who are used to standing out from the mainstream. Green gold jewelry is available to those who have a high financial position, since their cost is almost twice as high as that of yellow metal jewelry. Interesting! Nickel and potassium give this shade to the alloy. In some cases, the green color is achieved through combinations of gold and pure silver. Craftsmen make original and exquisite jewelry from green gold.
• Blue and blue gold. The basis of these compounds are intermetallic structures. Due to the complex technology for producing blue or cyan alloy, this shade is most often found only in the form of separate inserts of the main decoration. Interesting! Chromium, indium and cobalt are the three main components that make up blue gold. Each of them, when combined with pure gold, gives the metal a slightly blue tint. Products of this color are made to order.
• Lemon. European jewelers work with it to a greater extent. The low cost of this metal does not detract from its excellent physical characteristics. This factor is the reason why the demand for lemon gold is increasing. In addition to pure gold, an alloy of this shade includes silver, copper and other components.
• Gray gold is a newfangled trend, the emergence of which is due to the development of the jewelry industry. To achieve the desired shade, jewelers make combinations of pure gold with nickel and manganese. The huge demand for such products does not decrease despite the high cost.
• Amethyst or violet gold is obtained from combining pure metal with aluminum. Depending on the content of impurities, the original final shade is achieved. The greater the percentage of aluminum included in the alloy, the more intense the purple color the metal will acquire. However, such connections are not always strong, so only experienced craftsmen can work with them. Interesting! Gold of this color also entered the world of jewelers relatively recently, but is already included in the collections of many world designers.
• Brown gold is the latest innovation in the jewelry industry. Its fineness is usually 585 or 750. The chocolate shade of the metal is given by copper, which is added to the alloy in a large percentage. Special chemical processing makes brown gold the color it reaches the buyer and gives it increased strength. Important! Jewelers successfully combine metal of this shade with wood or leather. Products made from it are not always flashy, but no less beautiful for that.

Source: http://VseoZolote.ru/interesno/tsvet-zolota.html

Types of gold, color and types

Most people, without hesitation, will answer that the main color of gold is yellow; white is used a little less often. Someone may remember the red tint. However, experts know that there is also pink, blue, green, purple, blue and black gold. How are these types different? What properties do they have? You can read about how products are branded in the article Gold Assays.

Types of gold

Precious metal can be considered and divided into the following types:

1. Pure gold - 999 purity. It is not found in nature; it is melted down and stored in ingots.
2. Alloys of gold with the addition of silver, copper - these metals give yellow, red, white and green tints.
3. Alloys with other metals, giving a blue, violet tint. Additives include aluminum, cobalt, potassium, etc.
4. Black gold. This is not oil, but a real black color, which is obtained using various production technologies.

Gold colors

Traditional colors are yellow, white and red. 

Yellow, red and white gold

The most common color of gold is yellow. And in nature, metal has exactly this color. However, it is impossible to smelt products from it, since it is quite soft and easily subject to deformation. Therefore, gold is mixed with silver and copper. If there is more copper in the composition, then the products acquire a reddish tint. If there is more silver, the alloy acquires a yellowish tint. Copper gives the product strength, and silver gives it a special shine and nobility.

The proportions of all elements depend on the sample of the material. So, for example, 14 carat gold consists of 14 parts pure metal and 10 parts alloy. On sale you can most often see 22K and 24K samples, which contain 92% gold. The 18K alloy contains 75% gold, 14K - 58%, 10K - 41% and 9K only 38% of the precious metal. Accordingly, the quality of low-grade alloys is worse. The cost of the metal and its value also decreases.

The color white gold has also long been common in jewelry production. This metal is obtained by including platinum, nickel or palladium in the alloy. Types of white gold differ in their properties. The alloy with platinum has the best characteristics. These types are distinguished by their strength, and the products are durable and hard, retaining their shape for a long time. There is an article on the website about white gold samples.

An alloy of gold and nickel has the opposite effect. The products have a lower price and will last a shorter period of time. In addition, nickel can cause allergies or dermatitis.

The color of white gold may vary slightly due to the presence of various impurities: nickel gives the alloy a slightly yellowish tint.
Palladium gives the material softness, which is why it is used as a frame in jewelry.

Most often in production, types of gold are used with the inclusion of palladium and silver, or with nickel and copper zinc.

Red gold is obtained by adding copper to an alloy. It gives the product increased strength. The more copper in the alloy, the richer the color of red gold. This is also how you get the pink color. If you mix 75% gold and 25% copper, you get a pink tint. If the amount of copper is increased to 50%, the color becomes red.

colored gold

What other color is gold? The metal can be green, pink, blue, blue, black, purple. Such types are achieved by mixing with other substances. Moreover, the proportions in the alloy may vary.

Green gold

This shade is obtained by adding silver. However, the finished alloy takes on a yellowish-green tint. To obtain such an alloy, you need to mix 75% gold and 25% silver. A ratio of 73-27 is also allowed.

Green color can also be obtained by adding cadmium. So, when mixing 75% gold, 23% copper and 2% cadmium, a pale green tone is obtained. And the material of 75% gold, 15% silver, 6% copper and 4% cadmium produces a dark green color. However, it is worth remembering that cadmium is a toxic substance. Therefore, it is not recommended to use it.

Blue gold

The blue color is obtained by adding cobalt, indium or rhodium to the alloy. They are mixed in a ratio of 54-46 (cobalt, rhodium or indium and gold).

To obtain a purple tone, a combination with aluminum or potassium is used. This alloy is distinguished by its fragility, therefore it is most often used in conjunction with yellow gold.

It is worth considering that any types of gold, as a rule, have only a tint, and not a bright, rich color.

As a rule, manufacturers obtain colored types of gold using different recipes, which are kept secret.

Therefore, you can often find a variety of shades on store shelves that are offered by different companies.

In addition, some manufacturers accuse craftsmen of deception. According to them, it is impossible to obtain the bright color of gold, so other companies carry out surface coloring of the metal. And under a thin layer of paint there is the usual yellow or white gold.

Black gold

The most recent development is the black color of the precious metal. To obtain it, various production technologies are used.

There are four methods. The first method is electroplating, which uses black rhodium or ruthenium. Black gold from ruthenium weighs more than that from rhodium. You can patina metal using sulfur and oxygen compounds.

Another method, characterized by the complexity of the process, is the production of a plasma compound. Formed by vapor deposition, a process carried out using amorphous carbon. And the fourth, most used method is gold oxidation. In this case, black gold is obtained from an alloy with the addition of chromium or cobalt, which is then subjected to an oxidation process under the influence of high temperatures.

You can also get different shades. Thus, additional processing of potassium sulfides makes it possible to obtain an attractive chocolate color. An alloy of gold, chromium and cobalt (proportions 75:15:10, respectively) produces an olive color.

Pure gold

Types of precious metal are divided into jewelry and pure (bullion). The first option is mixed with other metals, which gives the product the necessary strength and gives a certain shade. The second types of gold are used to make bars. Such ingots have a purity of 999, which indicates that the metal contains no more than 1% impurities.

It is jewelry that can have different colors. But pure metal has only the yellow color of gold. Which is understandable, since it does not contain impurities.

Source: http://lombardyinfo.ru/stati/vidy-zolota.html

What color is gold jewelry?

Gold jewelry alloy traditionally comes in three colors: red gold, yellow gold and white gold. There are also combined options made from several shades of gold.

Red gold

Red gold is also called pink, classic - the most common color of gold in Russia and the CIS countries. Red gold is obtained by alloying gold with copper, which gives the metal its corresponding shade. The higher the copper content in the alloy, the richer the red color of the gold. Most modern jewelry is made in red gold. It goes well with diamonds, as well as other inserts made of precious and semi-precious stones.

Combined gold

This is a jewelry alloy of several shades of gold. Jewelry made from combined gold looks very stylish and unusual. The combination of several colors of gold makes the product universal - this decoration will suit any style of clothing and goes well with other gold jewelry.

Source: https://grandzoloto.ru/kakoy-byivaet-tsvet-zolotyih-ukrasheniy/

What color is gold: which types are better and what does it depend on?

Gold is a metal that is distinguished by its nobility and significant value. It has exceptional qualities: softness, ductility, malleability, thermal and electrical conductivity. It also has high density, has excellent quality when combined with other components, without reacting with external factors.

The pure alloy is expressed in numerical equivalent as 999.9, but has a soft consistency, so it is used only when casting ingots. For jewelry, gold is used in combination with other metals.

Variety of shades

Not every person knows that gold comes not only in white and yellow, but also in other different shades. So, let's look at what color gold is and what determines its shade. There are white, yellow, red, green, black, gray, brown gold.

What influences the formation of the gold color? The main components used to create jewelry are copper, silver and gold. The higher the quality, the brighter its color, but the metal also becomes softer. Colored gold is the result of combining gold with various alloys of other components.

Main types of metal:

1. White alloy - when producing it, platinum, nickel, palladium or silver are added to gold. It is distinguished by its popularity and particular success due to its versatility of use, unique color, and the ability to create combined gold. It is very popular to combine yellow and white alloy, and the combination with black is the latest fashion trend.

2. Yellow alloy, has the same color as pure gold, the difference between them is only in the sample. The most common standard is 585. To obtain a cool shade of yellowness, it is necessary for silver to make up the majority of the impurities, but this already results in 750 standard.

   To obtain a warm yellow color, impurities must be in the following proportions: silver - 28%, copper - 13.05%. To obtain a bright yellow tint, it is necessary to increase the mass fraction of copper to 22.75%, and when palladium is added to the composition, the output will be 385-grade metal, which is the lowest grade.

Rarer species:

1. A green alloy produced by adding nickel. It gives a green tint and also creates conditions for polishing the product. The combined gold of these two alloys may cause an allergic reaction.
2. A gray alloy formed by the addition of nickel or zinc. Some components of this type: nickel, zinc, silver, manganese, copper. The mass fraction of gold in such proportions is at least 75%.
3. The red hue of gold is given by the addition of copper. Nowadays, red gold is becoming quite popular.
4. Black alloy, obtained through complex jewelry technology. When producing this metal, cobalt and chromium are added.
5. Brown alloy is a newfangled type of metal. It is almost indistinguishable from red except for the type of processing it undergoes. Brown gold is a very exclusive look; products made from it are difficult to see on store shelves.

From all of the above, you can judge what the color of gold depends on. Therefore, everyone can choose for themselves what color of gold they should buy.

Blown gold and matte finish features

In order to diversify the assortment not only in shades, but also in shapes, blown gold was invented. There are jewelry made from blown and solid metal; these types of gold differ only in the fact that in the middle of one there is a void, and in the other there is solid metal.

Blown gold was created to create more original jewelry, and it also allows for a variety of weaving options. Which ultimately gives a more massive appearance to the product with low weight. The most attractive point is that, despite the impressive appearance of the product, the price is significantly lower than that of a full-fledged decoration. It looks something like this when you inflate a balloon and get a large size with a relatively low weight.

However, blown gold is fragile and requires more careful handling, so it is not recommended to wear such jewelry every day.

Also in the production of jewelry, combined gold is used, which combines elements of jewelry made from blown and full metal at the same time.

Matte and glossy types of gold have differences in the surface treatment of the product. Gloss is imparted by special polishing of the product, but this can significantly dull the color of the metal as a result of the appearance of shine after such a procedure.

Therefore, if it is necessary to emphasize the original appearance of the product, it is best to use matte gold. Matting the surface is especially important for jewelry made from various colored alloys; this will emphasize the contrast of the product. Also, this type has found application not only in jewelry, but it is used in the creation of writing pens, finishing of luxury cars, and clothing accessories.

It becomes clear that types of metal may differ in color, surface, and manufacturing. Therefore, any person determines which gold is best to buy according to his tastes.

Gold producers

This metal is mined in many parts of the planet. Its processing takes place at various jewelry factories in many countries, which makes a significant contribution to the economy of these countries. However, the aesthetic features of the alloy from various manufacturers are also inherent:

1. The Chinese alloy is in most cases produced from a yellow metal of high purity. Products from this manufacturer are distinguished by the softness of the alloy, which contributes to its deformation. Purchasing jewelry from this manufacturer guarantees high quality metal, but is not suitable for everyday use.
2. Turkish alloy is made from imported metal from other countries. It has a low price, but often contains more impurities than originally indicated. The main disadvantage of this manufacturer is that Turkish jewelry can often cause allergic reactions.
3. Italian alloys have managed to prove themselves from the best side. The products of this manufacturer are distinguished not only by the high quality of the metal, but are also presented in a varied color palette: white, yellow, pink. The jewelry is also distinguished by very refined shapes and extravagant combinations of alloys. The reddish tint of the metal is obtained by adding silver, rather than copper, as is common in many countries.
4. The Indian alloy has high purity and a gold content of more than 22 carats. Products from this manufacturer are best suited for accumulating family capital, as well as for special occasions.
5. The Arabic alloy is a curiosity on the jewelry market. The jewelry has a high metal content of at least 18 carats, and in most cases has a bright yellow color.

The jewelry industry is a separate world that can offer numerous choices to any category of buyers.

With a significant increase in prices, the demand for jewelry does not weaken. They have been in demand and expensive for many centuries.

Source: https://gems-and-jewels.ru/vidy-zolota.html

What color is gold and why?

Yellow and white are not the only color options for gold jewelry. There are actually several shades of this metal that are used for jewelry. The color depends on the metals with which the gold is mixed. By purchasing precious jewelry in different colors, you can have fun with your accessories and also experiment with combining different shades to suit your personal style.

Gold jewelry can be found in a wide range of shades, from classic colors like yellow to bold colors like purple.

Pink gold

It is also called pink or ruddy. In order to obtain a pink tint, gold is alloyed with copper. The more copper you use, the less yellow tint there will be and the metal will be more pink in color.

Most of the jewelry is available in this design as it is now considered a fashionable and modern trend. You can find rose gold at many local jewelry stores and retail websites. The price is not particularly different from the two options described above.

When you go to a good jewelry store, you can find beautiful rose gold rings set with diamonds and other precious stones. You can also find stunning earrings, bracelets and necklaces.

Rose gold jewelry is also available for sale on various online sites. It is worth considering the fact that prices there are more reasonable than in stores and workshops. On the internet, you are sure to find wedding rings, cross necklaces, chains and pendants that are made from quality material.

Green gold

This unusual option is made using silver, which is simply added to gold. This type of metal does not contain copper. Green gold is quite unusual when compared to other shades, and is rarely seen anywhere. For example, some jewelers only use green gold to make leaves and other shapes in their designs. You can also order yourself wedding rings, or just rings made from this metal. Believe me, it will surprise everyone.

Prices vary depending on weight and design. Small simple jewelry costs about $50, and sometimes the cost exceeds $4,000, but this is already the price for larger and more complex items.

This kind of accessories cannot be found on all Internet sites, but still, if you try, you can find anything you want. Many jewelers combine metals and make jewelry that includes shades of green, rose and yellow gold. You can find jewelry such as brooches, rings, pendants, necklaces, earrings and chains.

Also in jewelry workshops you will find handmade items that are made only from green gold. You can safely order green gold items, such as wedding rings, or just rings that can be combined and worn with other accessories.

Black gold

To obtain this option, ordinary gold is coated with a layer of ruthenium, which also gives additional strength. A black or brown tint can also be achieved by adding copper and potassium sulfide.

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Black gold is cheaper than regular gold, for example, if we talk about simple earrings and a necklace, the price difference can be about $100.

Purple gold

This interesting shade of metal is created by mixing gold with aluminum and a chemical element such as indium. This type of metal is quite delicate and may seem like an intricate piece of jewelry in some way. Although purple gold is not yet very popular in most jewelry stores and boutiques, you can still find products online. It is currently freely available in Singapore.

Cost of colored gold

The amount of gold in a piece is generally valued the same regardless of color. The difference in color is due to the alloy that is mixed with the gold. Therefore, the non-ferrous metal is as valuable as yellow or white gold. It is always rated by weight. The value of such metal is constantly changing, and the most important thing you need to know is the gold purity of your product.

Source: https://HochyVseZnat.ru/kakogo-cveta-byvaet-zoloto-i-pochemy.html

Types of gold

Gold is a noble metal that has been known to mankind since ancient times. For thousands of years, this rare metal has been used to make jewelry. Today, in addition to jewelry craftsmanship, the field of electronics, medicine and many other industries where gold is used have been added. In this article we will talk about the types of gold: how it is classified, which is the most expensive, color combinations, the presence of ligatures and much more.

What type of gold is used in jewelry?

Jewelry is made from a combination of metals rather than pure gold. Impurities are called ligatures. They can be represented by zinc, silver, cadmium, platinum, copper, palladium and other types of metals. Fineness is the ratio of pure gold to additives per kilogram of alloy.

Proof 375 . The alloy contains no more than 375 grams of pure precious metal (37.5%). These are low-quality products that quickly lose their original aesthetically attractive appearance under the influence of the environment. Not used to create jewelry. The same applies to 500-karat gold - it is unsuitable for making jewelry.

Sample 585 . Often found in jewelry. The composition of the ligature is very diverse: copper (reddish tint), platinum, zinc, silver, palladium.

Sample 750 . Such products are aesthetically attractive and wear-resistant. The material contains at least 75% gold. This alloy is more expensive than 585 gold.

Sample 900 . Such products are most popular in countries such as Thailand, China, the United Arab Emirates, and Turkey. As for the Russian Federation, here the 900 standard serves as the basis for the creation of bank coins. This alloy is also widely used in medicine, for example, when installing prostheses and crowns.

Proof 958 and 985 . The most expensive, because impurities account for a very small percentage. The latter option is not common because it is characterized by great elasticity and deformability.

Types of gold flowers

Pure gold can only be found in bars stored in banks. As for jewelry, this precious metal is combined with other metals, which results in a certain shade.

So, what color is gold?

1. Red . Zinc and copper combine with gold. It is because of copper that bracelets, chains and earrings have a red tint.

2. White . This color is obtained by adding silver, nickel or platinum. It is extremely popular because it suits different types of people and harmonizes perfectly with precious stones.

3. Gray . In addition to gold, the composition contains zinc, nickel and silver. Very similar to white.

4. Yellow . To obtain a warm tone, add copper and silver in a ratio of 1 to 2. To saturate the shade, silver and copper are taken equally. This gold corresponds to 585 standard.

5. Black . Industrial technologies are used to obtain black color:

• electroplating;
• plasma connection;
• patination using a combination of hydrogen and sulfur;
• oxidation.

With the help of modern technologies you can get shades of olive and chocolate. Also, when indium, cobalt, rhodium, and cadmium are added to the alloy, a greenish or bluish tint is obtained. It all depends on the proportions of impurities and their type.

Types of hallmarks on gold: country of origin

The world's largest gold exporters are France, the United Arab Emirates, Italy, and Spain. Therefore, many lovers of beauty are attracted to jewelry from these countries. Fraudsters are not far behind, trying to replace the original with cheap fakes. To avoid becoming a victim of deception, you should know the characteristics of gold and pay attention to the hallmarks.

1. Gold from Italy . In the Apennines, jewelry is made from 750 standard, so a reddish tint is excluded. Distinctive characteristics are excellent grinding.

2. Spanish gold . As in the first case, jewelry is made from 750 standard. The products usually have a greenish tint. Pay attention to the following brands:

• Carrera;
• Masriera;
• Tous;
• Yanes.

This protects you from purchasing a fake.

3. France . French craftsmen specialize in the oraide alloy. This is expensive jewelry, but as such there is no precious metal: copper, zinc and tin. Without the help of a specialist, it is difficult to distinguish such an alloy from gold. French gold is used to create costume jewelry.

4. UAE . Luxury is at the forefront here, so jewelry is made from the highest standards, starting from 900. However, scammers take advantage of this, offering the buyer fakes at the price of a noble precious metal.

Gold is one of the most expensive metals existing on earth. The cost of a particular product depends on many factors: the color scheme, of course the sample, the country of manufacture and the complexity of the decoration itself.

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Source: https://sennoy.spb.ru/blog/vidy-zolota/

Classification of types of gold

Gold is beautiful not only in its “standard” state in the form of 999 fine bars, but also in its diversity. It is a metal that is considered noble and precious. In the periodic table it is designated as Aurum - from Latin it is translated as “golden”.

This element has exceptional properties - softness, ductility, malleability, high electrical and thermal conductivity. It has increased density, does not react with the environment and combines well with other metals in alloys. The jewelry industry continues to create more and more new types of gold.

The list of advantages allowed this particular metal, quite rare on a planetary scale, to become the most desirable in all countries of the world.

Scope of gold use

Gold is used in industry, jewelry, and dentistry. What is valued here is, first of all, its ability not to enter into an oxidative reaction with air, water and other substances. This is very important for dental crowns and laboratory equipment. High levels of electrical conductivity are used in electrical circuits by applying a thin layer of gold plating to a metal base.

Jewelers use gold as one of the best materials for any type of jewelry. The aesthetic properties of gold are reflected in its name, which is translated from different languages ​​as “yellow”, “green”, “gold”.

Pleasant sunny color, shiny surface, great possibilities for artistic design due to the plasticity of the metal - these are the main advantages of gold in this field.

Huge volumes of gold are stored in state reserves. This is their guarantee in case of currency fluctuations. Gold is an excellent investment and many investors know this very well. The world produces a huge number of gold investment coins, bars of various sizes, which are distributed in vaults, safe deposit boxes and personal collections.

The concept of purity and fineness of gold

Those who have at least once encountered the choice of gold know that every product, be it an ingot or a ring, has a sample designation. Fineness is an indicator of the purity of gold.

What is mined in nature is not the shiny metal that is now on your finger or in your ears, but a mineral that contains particles of metal, sometimes so small that they cannot be distinguished with the naked eye.

Only after stages of multi-level purification does the raw material, be it ore, sand or water, become gold - a noble metal.

An absolutely pure gold sample is 99.999% of its content per gram of substance. This is the gold that banks and major companies use. Its purification is expensive and was discovered relatively recently.

The standard gold content in a bank bar is 999 grams per kilogram of the alloy; you will see the price per gram of such metal on the pages of banks and pawnshops. However, there are other types of samples.

They are marked on the gold as a mark with a marking that displays the state quality mark, the number of the assay commission and, most importantly, the numerical indicator of the sample.

If the manufacturer uses the karat system (used mainly in the EU and US), this will be an integer up to 24 (equivalent to the purest gold). This system is easy to understand, the karat number indicates how many parts of gold there are in that item.

The rest of the place in it is occupied by metal impurities, since gold in its pure form is used only for ingots. If half of the raw material here is gold, then you just have to divide the number 24 in half to understand which sample corresponds to this composition (12 carats).

Traditional high-quality gold containing 75% gold is 18 karat.

The numerical designation of the sample is more common in the CIS and Europe. The probable minimum for this system is slightly higher than 300. This is not very high-quality gold; in some countries its sale is allowed. Gold of 585 (583) purity was produced in large volumes back in the Soviet Union, which is why it is still widespread today. There is a concept of a state standard, which in Russia regulates gold standards, these are indicators 375, 500, 583, 585, 750, 958, 999.

Main types of alloys

Once we have learned that gold cannot be a pure metal in jewelry, and we have also learned from the mark how many parts of the metal are impurities, it is time to learn that there are different types of gold that differ from each other in color.

They are perfectly distinguishable by eye, since one or another additive gives a tint effect. Traditional alloys (additives) are silver and copper. They give the alloy the necessary strength.

Other ingredients can change the color and characteristics of the metal, so it’s worth getting to know them better.

White gold is a fairly popular alloy for jewelry. It may contain silver, palladium and platinum. It is quite expensive, since platinum now has high price quotes.

Externally, its surface is distinguished by a whitish color, its main property is increased strength. This is what makes white gold irreplaceable when it comes to jewelry with precious stones, because it fixes them much more firmly than usual. White gold purity – 750 or 585.

It can be used as a decorative element of decoration, playing on the color of the product.

Yellow gold is the most traditional alloy. The alloy uses silver and copper. Their ratio is not always the same; a slightly larger percentage of copper may give a reddish tint, while a smooth lemon color will indicate the silver content. Samples can be different, from 333 to 958, but most often the most harmonious in composition are 585 and 750 samples.

Red gold is gold with a high copper content. Once upon a time it was quite widespread, but now it has given way to yellow gold, seemingly losing its leadership forever.

This gold looks good in jewelry, as it can highlight the hue of a red stone or add a colorful streak to a masterpiece of jewelry weaving. gold and copper can be divided equally here.

This is a fairly economical option, because copper is the cheapest metal of all that is used in alloys.

Rose gold is an alloy that is also colored with copper, but with the addition of silver. Its delicate color has made it the favorite material of many modern jewelry houses.

Rarer alloys

Green gold is an alloy of gold and silver. It was known in ancient times. Here the ratio of metals can be either about 75% gold and 25% silver, or 58% gold, 38% silver and the addition of a small amount of copper. Cadmium is also sometimes used.

The secret of the alloy is that it is fragile, and the higher the silver content, the greater the risk of deformation of the green gold product.

Of course, the richness of the gold color is worth experimenting with, and types with a rich green color or pale light green are still found, but more often as a detail of a product for decorative purposes.

There is also such a curiosity as blue and gray gold. This is an alloy with steel, and the shade of the metal depends on its percentage. For a more saturated color, silver can also be added to the alloy. This is quite a profitable purchase.

Black gold is a recent invention. There are several options for obtaining it, including exposure to the surface with a laser, alloying with cobalt and chromium, and a special coating. Such gold is already in full swing used in jewelry, opening up new facets of their art for jewelry designers.

Other classifications

Gold can be divided into banking and jewelry. If in banking the main thing is the purity of the metal and compliance with standards, then in jewelry the artistic element is very important. Obtaining a new shade while maintaining the strength and inertness of the metal in relation to the environment is considered an achievement.

Gold is mined in various parts of the Earth. For many years, the leaders in production have been five countries: Peru, USA, Australia, Russia, and China. South Africa is close to this list. Developments in Africa, Asia and Latin America have been increasing recently, because there is cheap labor, loyal laws and many new deposits. In some places its content in the ore is high and mining easily pays off, in others you have to collect the smallest grains and constantly look for new veins.

Buying gold: opportunities and producing countries

Gold is processed in many jewelry factories and becomes a significant part of state revenue. Each country has its own views on the aesthetic component of gold, as well as its own processing traditions and “recipes” of alloys.

Chinese gold is very pure and almost always yellow gold. Most of the jewelry here is made from metal 750 and higher. It retains the properties of gold - softness, ductility, so the product can quickly deform.

But still, buying such jewelry is a contribution to the family budget. Many citizens of the Middle Kingdom store jewelry in special cases and wear it only on very major holidays. The Chinese buy a large amount of jewelry from Russia.

White and red gold are less common in China.

Turkish gold is made from imported materials. It is often cheaper than what competitors offer, but there is a catch: very often more impurities are added to gold than indicated, and some of them can even trigger allergies.

Italian gold has earned respect in the market. Italian jewelry houses offer customers white, yellow and rose gold in fancy and stylish combinations. A reddish tint is considered atypical for Italian gold; here it is customary to add more silver than copper.

Arabic gold is a curiosity for our buyer. The percentage of gold content there is usually very high, models with at least 18 carats are welcome. This gold has a rich and bright yellow tint.

Indian gold is also prized for its purity and gold content ranging from 22 karats. This gold is bright, but quite soft, but given the historical values ​​of the Indian people, it is excellent for accumulating family wealth.

Supply and demand in the market

Numerous types of high-quality gold allow everyone to choose this metal, focusing on their needs. Bankers and investors want pure gold, which they can purchase from a government bank or an international exchange.

Those who want to make an investment in the family future, but are afraid to depend on the exchange rate, are suitable for small bars and coins, which are issued in limited editions during the holidays, because they are the ones that are most likely to increase in price.

For companies involved in the production of equipment or medical devices, the cost of gold is important. It is beneficial for them to support new young fields, for example, in Brazil or India.

The jewelry industry is a separate world. Here fashion houses are fighting for the originality of the alloy, because this is the key to unique product design. The buyer must clearly understand why he needs jewelry.

Many residents of China, Japan, and India buy gold jewelry for the same purpose for which Europeans buy bullion. For them, this is an investment, not an item for everyday wear.

Residents of the USA, Europe and the CIS perceive gold as jewelry in the original sense of the word, so the appearance of the product, its strength, the fashion for the alloy, interesting design, contrast, brightness, and individuality of the model are important to them.

Despite the limited amount of gold in our world, the market can offer a huge number of solutions for each category of buyer. Despite the rise in prices, demand has not fallen, but on the contrary, it has warmed up, as people trust paper money less and less. The system of gold miners, intermediaries, brokers, jewelers, bankers, sellers, resellers, works like clockwork, supplying gold bars and other products to all corners of our world.

Source: http://golden-inform.ru/proby/vidy-zolota/

Gold color

What does it depend on and what does it affect?

Jewelry is made not from gold, but from gold alloys. 999 pure gold is very soft. It will quickly become covered with scratches and even dents. Because of this, jewelers use alloys.

Gold alloys differ in their composition. Depending on the composition of the alloy, its color, flexibility, and melting point change.

Copper and silver are most often added to gold alloys. To achieve a white color, zinc and nickel are also added.

Pure 999 gold

It is very similar to the sun. If you remove the brightness, leave pure yellow and add a little metallic shine, you get the color of pure gold. As a jeweler, I can tell you that it is this color that makes a student fall in love with his future craft. What a pity that pure gold is very soft and expensive, and jewelry is not made from it.

You can get a vague idea of ​​this color by looking at old coins from pre-revolutionary Russia. They used gold of the 958th standard, more precisely the 96th spool standard.

Gold crowns were also made from 958. Why weren’t they made from 585 or 750? Because the higher the gold standard, the softer it is. And only 958 sample was suitable for dental prosthesis.

If the dental bridge were made of a harder metal, then if some hard object hit it, it would not deform itself, but would press with all its force on the gum. You wouldn't like that. Plus, gold is not subject to corrosion and generally behaves decently, being in the role of a tooth.

But due to the high cost of 958, the noble metal was replaced with damask steel, a similar color, but of no value. Nowadays they do without metals altogether, using prosthetic teeth made from special ceramics.

Why does a jeweler use different types of gold?

Even at the sketch stage, the jeweler determines for himself which alloy is best to use. The choice is not only in aesthetic terms - after all, each audience likes different colors of gold and different samples, but also in practical terms, different types of alloys differ in flexibility and melting point, which is important when creating this or that jewelry.

Red gold or red gold

It can be alloy 375, 500, 585. This alloy has a high copper content relative to other alloys. At 750 and above, it is impossible to add enough copper to give the gold a red tint.

Copper is a soft metal and it shares this property with gold. Almost all jewelry is made from red gold. The only thing that hinders the exceptional flexibility of this alloy is the setting of the stones. Of course, you can secure a stone well into any metal so that it doesn’t go anywhere. But, in the process of wearing the same ring, the kropan (the claws that hold the stone) made of red gold quickly bend, become deformed, begin to cling to clothing, and ultimately break off and the stone falls out.

Source: https://prozoloto.com/zoloto/tsvet-zolota/

Gold color | Russian seven

Most of the gold jewelry is made in the traditional yellow palette. Depending on the components that make up the ligature, the metal changes color. In stores you can find products in blue, green, white and other shades.

What does the color scheme depend on?

Since gold is a very soft metal, jewelry is made from alloys, combining the raw material with other components to create hardness. The additions are: Zn - zinc; Cu - copper; Ag - silver; Pd - palladium, etc.

As a result, not only such characteristics as wear resistance and fusibility change, but also the final color of the finished product.

What colors are there?

The variety of additives determines several shades:

Yellow - always found on sale. The main component of the additive is copper. The most universal color that is used both in the jewelry industry and in the investment industry (gold coins and bars).

White. Classic components include platinum, silver, and palladium. Raw materials from the white precious metal do not lag behind palladium in physical characteristics, but are much cheaper. At the same time, the ligature makes the raw material as durable as possible. Therefore, various products can be produced from it.

Red or red. The alloy contains copper, which gives the raw material a certain color. The precious metal is extremely popular among jewelry workshops and consumers.

Black. This shade is not yet widespread, since jewelry made from this gold has just begun to appear on the shelves. Depending on the production method, the alloy contains rhodium, ruthenium, sulfur, chromium and cobalt.

Green. Looks like yellow-green. It is difficult to find products of this color palette, since the price of jewelry is quite high. To form the required shade, cadmium, nickel, copper and silver are mixed.

Pink. The color is obtained by mixing silver and copper, where there is much more silver. The quality of this precious metal is not inferior to red metal, but contains less copper. It especially attracts women, so it is more used for the production of jewelry in the form of earrings, bracelets, etc.

Blue and blue. The alloy contains intermetallic compounds - cobalt, indium and chromium. Obtaining raw materials is technically difficult. Therefore, it is rarely used for the production of individual jewelry. Most often, blue color acts as inserts on precious items.

Citric. Popular and in demand among European jewelry craftsmen. The price of raw materials is not high, and the physical characteristics are at a high level. Therefore, the demand for “lemon” decorations is constantly growing. To obtain the desired color, copper and silver are mixed with gold.

Grey. A new fashion trend, which is due to the rapid development of the jewelry industry. You can get a gray palette by mixing the base metal with manganese and nickel. The cost of raw materials and products made from them is high.

Violet shades. These palettes are the result of a combination with aluminum. The amount of aluminum, in relation to other components, determines the intensity of the purple color of the finished raw material. This precious metal is very fragile. Therefore, not all masters know how to work with it. However, the demand for purple jewelry is growing, and they are present in the collections of some world designers.

Brown. The latest innovation in the world of jewelry. The shade is obtained from a mixture of base metal with a high copper content. Chemical treatment allows you to achieve the desired tone, which also has a positive effect on the strength of the finished product.

There are many shades of gold. Each color has its own advantages and disadvantages, as well as its own justifiable price.

It is important to know that gold is intended not only for everyday wear, but also for preserving and increasing money. For example, here you can buy investment gold without VAT, as well as other precious metals!

Source: https://russian7.ru/post/commercial/2019/12/04/cvet-zolota/

What determines the color of different gold alloys?

Gold is the favorite metal of many people, as incredibly beautiful jewelry is made from it: chains, rings, bracelets, earrings, watches, cufflinks and much more. Most people associate this metal with the sun because it has a similar color.

But if you look at several pieces of jewelry, you can see that the color of the gold from which they are made can be different - with a pinkish, white, red and even green tint. This leads to the idea that there are different types of gold, when in fact this is not the case.

What determines the color of gold?

The color of gold products depending on the added ligature

Composition of gold alloys

In nature, gold as a metal has a rich yellow color. As for the jewelry industry, gold in its pure form has never been used to make jewelry, since it is ductile, which makes it unstable to deformation.

However, this problem can be solved by adding other metals to the gold alloy, which give it the necessary resistance to negative factors.

Impurities of other metals are called alloys, which determine what color gold is.

To estimate the pure gold content of an alloy, a measure such as fineness is used. It shows the number of grams of precious metal contained in a kilogram of alloy. For example, 585 hallmark (the most common in the jewelry market) means that a kilogram of the alloy contains at least 585 grams of gold, while 415 grams are impurities, that is, alloy.

In jewelry practice, solar metal is combined with the following impurities:

• copper;
• silver;
• palladium;
• platinum;
• zinc;
• cadmium.

The presence of a ligature in a gold alloy determines its shade, which is what jewelers use. Playing with shades of metal allows you to create masterpiece jewelry that is in high demand among buyers.

Shades of gold

Types of metal

The shades of gold are impressive in their diversity and they depend on which metal predominates in the composition of the alloy:

1. Red gold: This is an alloy that has a purity of 375, that is, the lowest in the metric gold standard system. The red tint is achieved by adding a large amount of copper to the alloy (approximately 600 grams per 1 kilogram). A small part of the alloy (25 grams) is silver. A gold alloy with a purity of 375 was popular in the USSR, but over time this metal was replaced by a high-fineness analogue with a purity of 585. This alloy is considered the most popular among buyers.
2. Orange: this is the same gold with a purity of 375, but with a different composition of the alloy. To obtain metal with this tint, a smaller amount of copper and a larger amount of silver are added to the alloy.
3. White: has a purity of 585 or 750. It is gold combined with platinum, nickel, silver or palladium. It is this composition of the alloy that makes the metal look like silver. White gold has been considered trendy for years in a row, as it not only adds elegance to products, but also emphasizes the splendor of precious stones.
4. Pink: Produced by a special combination of silver and copper, which lightens the red color of the copper to a soft pink. Rose gold adds delicacy and sophistication to jewelry made from it. Also, such gold emphasizes the beauty of precious stones. Rings and pendants are made from this alloy.
5. Yellow gold: this is a metal with a purity of 750 - high-grade gold from which luxury jewelry is made. The alloy has a rich yellow tint due to the large amount of gold in the alloy (at least 750 grams per kilogram). The ligature in this alloy is represented by copper and silver, taken in equal proportions. Jewelry made from yellow aurum looks expensive, but they require careful handling - the predominance of pure gold in the alloy makes them fragile and prone to deformation.
6. Brown: this gold has a high standard (585 or 750). The unusual shade of the metal is explained by the large amount of copper in the alloy. The impurities also include nickel and manganese. The metal undergoes a thorough chemical treatment to obtain a brown color due to the formation of a brown film. The advantage of brown gold is not only its exquisite appearance, but also its incredible strength.
7. Green: the alloy is obtained by adding an alloy containing silver, zinc, cadmium and rubidium to gold, which gives the metal a greenish tint. This alloy is called electrum. Despite its attractive appearance, green gold is not suitable for making solid jewelry, such as rings, as it is very fragile. In the jewelry industry, metal with a green tint is used as a raw material for the manufacture of decorative inserts in jewelry.
8. Blue: This metal looks very unusual. It is obtained by adding chromium and iron to the alloy. The disadvantage of this gold is its fragility and tendency to oxidize when exposed to air. For this reason, such gold is used only in the production of inserts in jewelry, and such inserts should in no case come into contact with the skin when worn constantly - the gold will quickly oxidize.
9. Purple: This color of gold is obtained by combining it with potassium or aluminum. Nowadays, this metal is only gaining its popularity among admirers of gold jewelry.
10. Grey: Much like white gold alloy. Gray gold contains nickel, zinc and silver.
11. Black: This metal has indescribable beauty and a corresponding price, since obtaining the perfect black color of gold is a difficult task. This alloy is also produced by coating high-grade gold with rhodium or ruthenium. High-grade black gold is obtained due to its oxidation under high temperature (annealing).

When purchasing gold items, you should be careful, especially if it concerns jewelry made from metal of an unusual shade (it is “colored” gold that is counterfeited in most cases).

It is recommended to buy gold in a jewelry store that has been present on the jewelry market for a long time, or directly from the manufacturer. You should also pay attention to the hallmark, name tag and label. A genuine gold product has a perfect appearance.

To protect yourself from buying a fake, you should refrain from purchasing jewelry from private individuals who do not have any documentation for their goods.

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Source: https://DedPodaril.com/zoloto/imform/cvet-zolota.html

Characteristics and types of gold samples and its colors

Aurum is a unique metal that is an ideal raw material for making jewelry. The metal that occurs in nature is very soft and ductile, which explains its tendency to deform.

For this reason, it cannot be used in its pure form when it comes to making jewelry. To give the metal the necessary wear resistance, impurities are added to gold, for example, silver, copper, zinc, etc.

It is the ligature that will determine the color of gold and the purity.

What is a sample?

Since jewelry is made from an alloy that contains not only gold, but also other metals, to determine the part of gold in it, a measure such as fineness is used. It shows how many grams of pure gold are contained in 1 kilogram of metal alloy. What types of samples are there in Russia:

• 375;
• 500;
• 585;
• 750;
• 900;
• 916;
• 958.

Deciphering the sample value is not difficult: for example, sample 375 means that 1000 grams of the alloy contains at least 375 grams of pure gold, and the rest is represented by alloy.

Gold rings of different samples

Description of alloys

It is known that pure gold has a fiery yellow color, but when a master alloy is added to the alloy, the color of the precious metal changes. Thanks to the special composition of the alloy, it is possible to obtain, in addition to the classic yellow alloy, metal of reddish, pink, white, blue, green and even black. In addition, the shade of the alloy is also determined by the amount of pure metal in the alloy.

Depending on the standard of gold, the following types can be distinguished:

1) 375 standard: the alloy was common in Soviet times, but now products made from it can rarely be found on sale. This alloy is considered low-grade because it contains more alloy than gold itself.

If a product is marked with a hallmark of 375, this means that the raw materials from which it is made contain only 375 grams of aurum and 625 grams of impurities, which deprive gold of its original hue. Copper predominates in the alloy of this metal, which is why products made from it are characterized by a red tint.

Due to the high copper content, jewelry made from low-grade gold begins to darken a few years after production, as copper is prone to oxidation.

2) 500: gold and impurities in such an alloy are present in equal parts, which deprives it of casting properties. Aurum 500 is not used in the jewelry industry.

3) 583: this alloy was in demand among Soviet jewelry makers, but later it was replaced by 585 gold.

4) 585: products made from such gold represent the majority of goods offered on the jewelry market of Russia and the CIS countries. The advantages of such raw materials include not only its wear resistance, but also the fact that such an alloy can have different shades. The thing is that in 585-carat gold, 415 grams are per ligature, the composition of which can vary.

A classic is considered an alloy consisting of 58.5% aurum, 33.5% copper and 8% silver. Due to the fact that the ligature is mainly made of copper, jewelry made from this alloy will have a beautiful reddish tint.

If the alloy is formed by white metals (silver, zinc, palladium, platinum), then in this way you can get exquisite gold with a steely sheen, which is called white. It has not gone out of fashion for several years, especially among couples choosing engagement rings. In addition, white gold goes well with precious stones, which also explains its popularity among jewelry lovers.

Another type of aurum with a purity of 585 is yellow gold, obtained by combining alloy metals (silver and copper) in equal proportions.

5) 750: in demand among consumers abroad, but in Russia products made from it are also popular among buyers. Jewelry marked 750 contains at least 75% gold and 25% impurities. The alloy has a color close to that of pure aurum. There is also white gold with a purity of 750, in which the alloy is represented by platinum.

6) 916: in the jewelry market of the Russian Federation and CIS countries it is almost impossible to find jewelry with hallmark 916. At the same time, this alloy is popular, for example, in Eastern countries. If a person purchases jewelry in jewelry stores in Russia and comes across a product with hallmark 916, then he can rest assured that it is gold-plated silver. The thing is that the 916 standard is included in the metric silver standard system.

7) 958: considered a type of high-grade aurum, but due to its high cost it is not very popular in Russia, which cannot be said about the eastern states.

999: jewelry made from pure precious metal does not exist. Gold with a purity of 999 can only be found in the form of bank bars, which serve as an investment object.

It is worth noting that special metal processing methods used in jewelry make it possible to obtain colors such as blue, violet and green.

However, the properties of such alloys, in particular their fragility, make it possible to use them as raw materials for the manufacture of inserts in jewelry. Plating ruthenium and rhodium on high-grade jewelry allows you to obtain elegant, expensive black gold.

The unusually beautiful brown alloy is obtained thanks to a special chemical treatment that promotes the formation of a brown coating.

Jewelry made from precious metals is quite easy to counterfeit, so if you do not pay due attention to their purchase, you can spend a colossal amount of money on a regular counterfeit. In order not to doubt the high quality of a precious product, the purchase of jewelry should be made only in specialized stores that sell certified goods.

Source: https://HochuZoloto.com/proby/cvet-zolota-i-proba.html