How to choose electrodes for welding

How to choose electrodes for welding with an inverter - Stroy-House

The ease of use of the inverter has made welding accessible to many craftsmen. This welding equipment has a control system, rectifier, filter, converter that supplies the required current.

The inverter provides direct current, the polarity of which can be changed during welding. A guarantee of a high-quality seam is the correctly selected operating mode of the unit and suitable electrodes for the inverter. There are a great variety of products.

Characteristics and sizes vary. To successfully buy electrodes for welding with an inverter, to determine which ones are best suited to each specific case, you need to delve into the essence of the process.

Principles of classification

There are several types of classifications of electrodes for inverter welding. The main feature that should be taken as a basis is the ability to melt. Rods that do not melt during welding are used to work in an atmosphere of shielding gas, such as argon.

Melting rods are used in manual arc welding with an inverter, which in practice is most often carried out at home. It is not the metal core that melts, but the coating applied on top. The components of the outer layer improve the properties of the arc and form a protective cloud over the working area.

When choosing a specific brand for an inverter, the amount of work, requirements for seam quality and advice from professionals are taken into account. You can look at specialized magazines to find out brand ratings.

But for home use, it is enough to carefully read the description on the packaging in order to understand what current and what materials the electrode is intended for welding . It is best to purchase products from a trusted supplier. To learn how to weld with an inverter, experts recommend rutile or basic brands.

Coating

When choosing electrodes for an inverter, the welding mode and the chemical composition of the consumable material are of decisive importance:

• electrodes coated with alkaline (basic) components are used if it is necessary to cook with an inverter at a constant current of reverse polarity. They are used to cook high-alloy steels;
• Rutile coatings can be used when welding with alternating and direct current of both direct and reverse polarity. Titanium dioxide (rutile) ensures easy ignition of the arc, and there is no spattering of metals during operation. This is the best option you can choose;
• for direct current (that is, an inverter), cellulose coating is suitable, which creates a good protective gas environment;
• rutile acid coating is suitable for welding metal with alternating current or an inverter (any polarity). Arc ignition occurs even at low voltage. It is important to note that when working with acidic compounds, dangerous fumes are released. Welding must be carried out with good forced ventilation.

The alloys from which the parts are made determines the type of core. The compositions must match each other.

The choice of electrodes is regulated by GOST. The standard stipulates not only the composition of the rods and coatings, but also the appearance, which excludes the presence of swelling, porous areas, and sagging.

Kernel

Electrodes for inverter welding are made from three types of materials: high-alloy wire, conventional alloy or carbon raw materials.

A novice master can navigate products by labeling. The more letters and numbers it contains, the higher the degree of doping. Each letter represents a certain additive, and the number next to it indicates its percentage.

For example, a product made of carbon steel is designated Sv-10G2, and a product made of high-alloy steel is designated Sv-30Х15Н35В3Б3Т. The difference is obvious.

Popular brands

Over the years of intensive work with inverters, a rating of the popularity of electrodes has been formed in the circles of welding specialists and home craftsmen.

The ANO brand is considered the most universal. Electrodes of this group allow you to make any welding joints: corner, butt, overlap. With this electrode product you can weld parts with a thickness of no more than 5 mm in any position, even in the vertical direction from top to bottom.

There is no need to thoroughly clean surfaces from oxidation products. These electrodes can be used for root welding of thick parts. If there is a rutile, cellulose coating, then connecting any polarity of the inverter is allowed.

The products of the MR line are presented in two categories. MP-3 works effectively with parts with varying degrees of contamination. Electrodes coated with a rutile layer are used for direct and alternating currents, for any type of inverter connection.

You need to choose a position for work, taking into account the diameter of the electrode. MP-3S products are convenient for welding in various positions. These electrodes can be used to connect parts with residual moisture.

The UUSI category is represented by electrodes for welding parts made of carbon and low-alloy steel alloys. The resulting seams are plastic, have high impact strength, and firmly connect structures for special purposes.

Electrodes coated with a base layer can be used with direct current, reverse polarity of the connection.

Electrodes marked OK 63.34 show good performance. They can weld thermally strong steels and alloys that are resistant to corrosion. It is possible to weld vertically structures of small thickness, make butt and overlap joints.

For welding structures that require high strength and reliability of the seam, electrodes of the OZS-12 brand are used. They operate on direct current of an inverter of direct polarity, as well as on alternating current.

It is also worth mentioning the brands ESAB, Lincoln, Electric, Resanta, Kobelco, which offer high quality products with rutile, basic and combined coatings. The price range here is different, and each buyer decides for himself which option is the best.

Diameter selection

When choosing a product, you should pay attention to its diameter. The thinner the design, the smaller the possible electrode diameter. For welding profiles, products with a diameter of up to 2 mm are sufficient.

By the way, you need to learn how to work with delicate products. Such electrodes quickly melt and are consumed. To work with them you must have special skills.

Depending on the diameter of the electrode, the current strength for welding with an inverter is determined. Recommended values ​​are often indicated on the top of the packaging. In general, the pattern is as follows: the larger the diameter of the electrode product, the higher the required current value.

A discrepancy between the thickness of the material, the diameter of the electrode and the current strength can deteriorate the quality of the welded joint and lead to the formation of pores in it.

Advantages

The above popularity rating was not compiled by chance, but due to the noticeable advantages of the listed products. Welding with its participation is carried out most easily by an inverter.

Difficulties in forming a weld can only arise due to the wrong choice of grade for a particular metal or alloy. When the work is carried out correctly, high-quality connections of any shape and location are formed.

Consumable electrodes of the indicated brands form slag, which, after performing its protective functions, is easily separated. There is no need to beat him for a long time and painfully. The quality of the seam will be immediately visible.

The presented types of electrodes allow you to work even with parts that have rust residues. Sometimes this feature is very important. When working in extreme conditions, there may not be time or opportunity to thoroughly clean surfaces.

Source: https://stroy-hauz.ru/kak-vybrat-elektrody-dlya-svarki-invertorom.html

How to choose electrodes for welding with an inverter?

If you decide to try yourself as a welder and have already bought a welding inverter, the next step will be to search for electrodes with which the welding will take place.

But which electrodes are best to choose for welding with your inverter?

In this article we will tell you what the diameter of the electrode depends on and how to select the welding current, and we will also tell you what direct and reverse polarity are and what polarity is needed for your electrodes.

Nowadays you can find a wide variety of electrodes on the market. They can be divided by type of coating, by purpose, by coating thickness or chemical composition. The marketing services of electrode manufacturers have developed dozens of selection tables and novice welders are lost in such an assortment.

Of course, you can go the simplest route and try all the suitable ones. This is an option, but you will have to spend both time and money.

How to minimize these costs and choose the right welding electrode? After all, the formation of a correct and reliable seam, as well as the comfort of your work, depends on the choice of electrode.

Rice. 1 - Electrodes

WHAT IS A WELDING ELECTRODE

A welding electrode is a consumable material, without which manual arc welding is impossible. This is a metal rod (core) with a special coating - coating. During the welding process, the rod melts, and the coating protects the seam from exposure to oxygen. The composition of the rod should be similar to the composition of the metal that you are going to weld. Therefore, there are electrodes for welding carbon, alloy, high-alloy steels, stainless steel, aluminum, cast iron.

We will not consider many special alloys, for each of which a special electrode can be recommended. Most likely, you will be dealing with welding structural steel of small thickness and the only distinguishing point here will be the carbon content in the metal.

The choice of electrodes for manual welding depends not only on the metal to be worked with and its thickness, but also on the position in which the welding will take place, and what requirements will be placed on the strength of the seam.

For example, rutile-coated electrodes are not suitable for welding load-bearing structures that are operated at particularly low temperatures, but they produce a very elastic and stable arc, which makes it easy for even beginners to work with them.

TYPES OF ELECTRODES

What types of electrode coatings for manual arc welding exist?

There are usually 4 types of cover:

• rutile
• basic
•  sour
•  cellulose

Rice. 2 — Types of electrode coating

Each of them is designed to solve very specific problems.

Rutile electrodes are ideal for use with direct or alternating current. They light easily and do not splatter metal. The slag separates easily.

Rice. 3 – Rutile electrodes

Rice. 4 – Rutile coating

Rutile coated electrodes work well with devices with low open circuit voltage, for example, with IR series inverters equipped with the VRD function.

Basic and cellulose electrodes are only suitable for DC welding. They are chosen if the most durable seam is needed, for example when installing load-bearing structures. Cellulose electrodes can be welded in all spatial positions.

Fig. 5 – Basic and cellulose electrodes

Electrodes with an acid coating are welded using direct and alternating currents and guarantee easy separation of slag. But their fumes are harmful to the welder, so they can only be used outdoors.

Fig. 6 – Acid electrodes

There are also mixed electrodes that combine the properties of different types. For example, FUBAG's product range includes rutile-cellulose electrodes, which are excellent for welding structures and pipelines. They are ideal for ceiling applications as the coating is based on short slags and ensures that the weld pool is retained in the ceiling.

Fig. 7 – Mixed (rutile-cellulose) electrodes

Rice. 8 — Rutile-cellulose electrodes FUBAG

         

Type of coverage	Purpose	With cooking in positions	+	—
Rutile	For operation on direct and alternating currents. Operate at low open circuit voltage.	All spatial positions except vertical seams from top to bottom	Easy ignition and re-ignition Low spatter Easy slag release	Not suitable for welding load-bearing structures that are operated at particularly low temperatures
Basics	For DC operation.	In all spatial positions except vertical seams from top to bottom	Increased strength welding of especially critical structures	Ignition of the arc and re-ignition are difficult. A fairly high qualification of the welder is required
Pulp	For DC operation.	In all spatial positions. Avoid overheating.	Special strength welding of especially critical structures	Losses due to splashingThe coating absorbs moisture very quicklyRequires special storage and packaging conditions
Sour	For operation on direct and alternating currents.	In all spatial positions except vertical seams from top to bottom	Easy slag separation	Splash losses. Possible cracks in the seams. Harmful to the health of the welder
Mixed (rutile-cellulose)	For operation on direct and alternating currents.	In all spatial positions except vertical top-down	Seam strengthLow consumption	Not suitable for welding load-bearing structures that are operated at particularly low temperatures

ELECTRODE DIAMETER FOR MANUAL WELDING

The next parameter you will encounter when choosing an electrode is its diameter.

In general, in order to select an electrode when welding with an inverter, we must know the type of metal and its thickness because... For each type of metal and thickness, a different electrode is selected.

Experienced welders also take into account the position for welding, the depth of penetration and other nuances, but for starters, the thickness of the metal will be enough for us.

Rice. 9 – Selecting an electrode

POLARITY OF ELECTRODES

Based on the type of electrodes, they can be divided into electrodes that work only with direct or reverse polarity, as well as universal electrodes that work with both polarities. The correct choice of electrode connection polarity simplifies the welding process and improves the quality of the seam. The polarity of welding electrodes is indicated on the packaging.

To perform the vast majority of household tasks, you will use universal electrodes.

The welding inverter has a polarity selection. That is, you can connect the electrode holder to both plus and minus.

There are two options for connecting the ground and electrode holder:

- direct polarity - when the workpiece is connected to the plus, and the electrode to the minus.

- reverse polarity - electrode to positive, workpiece to negative.

The pack of electrodes indicates the polarity in which they are recommended to work.

WELDING CURRENT PARAMETERS

Now that the electrodes and polarity have been decided, all that remains is to select the desired current strength.

The welding current is selected depending on the diameter of the electrode. And the choice of electrode, as we have already written, depends on the thickness of the metal. On the housings of FUBAG devices there are hint tables that will help you instantly select the desired current strength. Once you gain enough experience, you will be able to adjust the amperage to suit your style.

Fig. 10 – Selection of welding current depending on the diameter of the electrode

For example: You plan to weld small metal structures - a fence, greenhouse frame or box. The material for them is small shaped rolled products (angles, profile pipes) and rolled sheets made of low-carbon steel with a thickness of 2-3 mm.

The table shows that three electrodes and a device with a current of up to 130 A (we show IR 160) completely cover this task.

You can also use a simplified formula:

For 1 mm of electrode you need 35-40 A of welding current.

When buying welding electrodes, you need to be sure that they have retained all their qualities. Electrodes are a very specific product and the preservation of their original properties depends on storage conditions and the integrity of the packaging. And the quality of the seam will directly depend on the quality of the electrode.

Before welding, check the surface of the electrodes - they should be free of swelling, scratches and chips, well coated and free of rust at the ends.

If the welding electrodes were not stored correctly and became damp, then when working with them, the quality of the seam will suffer, cracks and pores will appear.

Novice welders often ask: how and in what way to calcinate the electrodes.

At home, or in a summer cottage, electrodes can be calcined in different ways. For example, some experienced welders do this in the oven. Setting the temperature to about 190-210°C, keep the electrodes in the oven for about 20-30 minutes.

In fact, it also depends on the coverage.

Electrodes with rutile coating usually do not need to be calcined, but if they are still very damp, then it is better to calcine them for 1-2 hours at a temperature of 100-150°C. At lower calcination temperatures, the calcination time must be increased.

Electrodes with cellulose coating, as a rule, absorb little moisture. Therefore, they do not need to be heated. As a last resort, they can be heated at a temperature of no more than 70°C, otherwise they may crack.

If electrodes with a basic coating are stored under normal conditions (15°C / 40% relative humidity) and in the original packaging, then they also do not need to be annealed. After unpacking, they can be heated at 50 degrees for 2-3 hours.

It is not recommended to calcinate the same electrodes more than 3 times. Electrodes should be stored in a dry room at a temperature not lower than 10-15 degrees.

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Source: https://store.fubag.ru/tips/kak-vybrat-elektrody-dlya-svarki-invertorom/

Electrodes for welding: how to choose the right electrode for high-quality welding of critical elements

Gone are the days when the welding machine had a terrifying appearance, enormous size and catastrophic energy consumption. Modern welding devices are compact, easy to use and quite economical in their use of electricity.

Coupled with an affordable price, this gave impetus to their wide distribution and popularity among home craftsmen, and household welding machines, mainly based on the inverter operating principle, became reliable helpers in the home, on a summer cottage and in the garage.

To successfully carry out welding activities and obtain a result for which you will not have to blush in front of your household and friends, you need to take a serious and responsible approach to the choice of electrodes, since the quality of the weld, its reliability and durability depend on this.

Selecting Electrodes

Modern industry produces a wide range of electrodes with a wide variety of types and characteristics. Firstly, they are divided into electrodes with a melting rod or a non-melting rod.

Non-melting ones are used only in a protective gas environment (argon), therefore, in amateur conditions they are completely irrelevant. Consumable models are made from a metal central rod coated with a special layer of coating that protects the welding zone and promotes stable combustion. These types of electrodes are widely used in everyday life.

Selection by material type

The choice should begin taking into account that the electrode must be close in composition to the material of the surfaces being welded.

The following types of electrodes for welding different metals can be distinguished:

• To weld low-carbon steel, carbon types of electrodes should be selected;
• For welding nickel-plated steels, electrodes with an appropriate rod are used, for example: MP-3, ANO-21, OZS-4, UONI-13/45;
• When performing operations with high-alloy steel grades and surfacing, electrodes with high-alloy core material - TsL-11 - are used;
• The OZCh-2 grade is suitable for welding cast iron
• For copper surfaces – Komsomolets-100.

Selection by coating method

The coating covering the electrode core can be of four types:

• Rutile;
• Basic;
• Cellulose;
• Sour.

The cellulose and base coatings are intended for welding with direct current. The result of welding greatly depends on the preliminary preparation of the surfaces being processed. To work with an acidic type of coating, the room must be well ventilated to avoid damage to the welder’s health.

Rutile coating is characterized by simple ignition and low spattering. For household work, brands with rutile coating (MP-3) and basic coating (UONI 13/55) have proven themselves to be excellent.

Selection by electrode diameter

When choosing the right electrode, the thickness of the surfaces to be welded is of no small importance. As a rule, the greater the thickness of the material being welded, the larger the electrode diameter needs to be selected. The properties of the metal also matter, but this can only be determined experimentally.

The choice can be made based on the following criteria:

• For surfaces with a thickness of 2 mm. electrode diameter is 2.5 mm;
• With a thickness of 3 mm. – electrode 2.5-3 mm;
• If the thickness of the surfaces is 4-5 mm, electrodes with a diameter of 3.2 - 4 mm are suitable;
• 6-12 mm parts need to be welded with 4-5 mm electrodes;

Thicker, over 12 mm. surfaces are welded with 5 mm electrodes.

The most popular and universal size for household use is 2.5 millimeters. As a rule, this is enough for almost any household work.

Having chosen the desired diameter, you need to decide on the current strength, since these parameters are directly related to each other. Usually the manufacturer indicates the recommended amperage on the packaging.

If these recommendations are missing, you can use the following data:

Electrode diameter, mm.

2 – 2,5 – 3 – 4 – 5 – 6

Current strength, A

55-65 – 65-80 – 70-130 – 130-160 – 180-210 – 210-240

Hence the conclusion, in order to find the best electrode for welding, it is necessary to correctly determine the type of metal base, coating and diameter, and set the optimal welding current. After this, it will be possible to achieve a decent result.

popular electrodes

Based on numerous consumer reviews and recommendations from experienced professional welders, the following rating of the best electrodes was formed:

• ANO. These electrodes do not require additional calcination, light easily and give good results;
• MP-3. Electrodes can weld even poorly cleaned surfaces. Versatile.
• MP-ZS. Allows you to obtain a welding seam with improved characteristics.
• UONI-13/55. Recommended for more experienced welders. For high-quality seams and responsible design solutions.

In addition to domestic brands, electrodes from the Swedish company ESAB are widely represented on the Russian market and enjoy deserved popularity.

From the large assortment of products from this company, several of the most popular models can be identified:

• OK 46.00. In terms of its parameters, it is practically an analogue of the MP-3 brand. Used when working with unalloyed metal. The connection is of high quality.
• OK 48.00. Creates a reliable and high-quality weld.
• OK 53.70. More specialized, usually used when welding pipes.
• OK 61.30. For stainless steel.
• OK 68.81. Used when working with difficult-to-give materials.
• OK 92.60. For welding cast iron.
• OK 96.20. For welding aluminum.

These are not all articles of this brand; the assortment includes many specialized models.

Calculation of the number of electrodes

The approximate number of electrodes for the upcoming work can be determined independently, based on accumulated experience.

In addition, there are special formulas that allow you to solve this problem. Consumption is determined based on the deposited metal mass, taking into account losses (slag, splashes, cinders).

The formula for calculating the deposited metal mass is:

Weld mass = weld length*weld area*material density.

Carbon steel has a density of about 7.85 g/cm3, alloy steel - 8.5 g/cm3.

It remains to calculate the consumption of electrodes using the equation:

Consumption = deposited mass * consumption coefficient.

The consumption coefficient differs for each specific brand of electrodes used. Here are the coefficients of common brands:

• 1.5: AHO-1, OZL-E6, TsT-28;
• 1.6: AHO-5, AHO-13, SSSI 13/55;
• 1.7: OZL-9A, TsT-15, TsL-11, UONI-13/45;
• 1.8: OZS-11, OVL-20, NZH-13, K-5A,
• 1.9: ANZHR-2, OZL-27.

The data obtained will allow you to determine the approximate number of electrodes and avoid unnecessary costs.

Photos of electrodes for welding

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Source: https://mirstrojka.ru/elektrody-dlya-svarki/

What types of welding electrodes are there?

To improve the quality of processing of metals and alloys, it is recommended to select appropriate electrodes for welding that provide optimal working conditions.

And in order to avoid mistakes when choosing a consumable, you should have a clear understanding of the existing types of electrodes, the order of their marking, as well as the possibilities of application.

Purpose

Electrodes are used in electric arc welding. Thanks to them, an electric discharge arc is formed that melts the metal. The stability of the arc largely depends on the quality of the electrodes, and their composition affects the strength and other important characteristics of the seam.

Both conventional and universal electrodes, classified as the best examples, must be able to:

• maintain a stable arc when welding;
• ensure that the welding seam obtains the required chemical composition;
• melt evenly (this applies to the rod and coating);
• create conditions to reduce the level of metal spattering and increase the efficiency of welding work;
• ensure ease of slag separation and guaranteed strength of connections;
• maintain the degree of toxicity at an acceptable level during the welding process.

In order to correctly select the electrode that is suitable for each specific case, the welder must be familiar with their classification, made in accordance with their purpose, the chemical composition of the coating and the manufacturing method.

Classification

All known types of electrodes are divided into products intended for welding various grades of steel, cast iron or non-ferrous metals and alloys.

This division involves taking into account not only current modes, but also the types of equipment with which the workpieces are supposed to be cooked. There is also a special category of electrodes used for the so-called “surfacing” of metals.

Depending on the purpose, manual operations are divided according to the technological features. Welding is performed in certain positions, with varying degrees of penetration and location relative to the weld pool.

In accordance with the thickness of the coating, all electrodes for manual welding are divided into thin (M), medium-sized (C) and thick (D) products.

And according to the type of coating, they are all divided into rods with acidic (A), so-called “basic” (B), rutile (R), cellulose (C) and combined coatings. The latter has a double designation; for all other cases, a special designation “P” (other) is provided.

The coating may contain impurities that improve the quality of the seam when working with a certain material. Thus, welding with rutile electrodes helps to create a seam that is resistant to cracking. They are often used to weld low-alloy steels.

In addition, all electrodes are classified according to the type and polarity of the supply current, as well as the magnitude of the voltage acting in the network.

The dependence of the length of the rod on its diameter can be tracked in the table.

If you wish, you can make welding rods with your own hands. To do this, use pieces of 1.66 mm steel wire. The length of each segment is approximately 35 cm.

The coating is a mixture of silicate glue and chalk. But today, with the abundance of products, it is better to purchase ready-made products, which will save nerves during welding and ensure a reliable connection.

Composition and characteristics

An electrode is essentially a wire that conducts electric current, or a rod with chemical parameters that determine its properties. Some types of welding electrodes consist of a single metal rod (uncoated), so they are commonly called "uncoated".

When a rod is coated with a special compound used to improve welding performance, it is classified as “coated.”

Melting and non-melting

The consumable metal rod in the welding electrode acts as the material that forms the seam and is usually made of steel or copper rod. In the latter case, they are called copper electrodes.

Non-consumable products for welding are produced on the basis of powdery and solid substances (coal, tungsten). They are intended to improve the quality of adhesion of welded parts. The connection is formed without the participation of the rod metal, and the electrode itself is used as a filler wire (rod).

The starting material for the production of such electrodes is a special type of carbon (amorphous), manufactured in the form of elongated rods of oval cross-section.

Such carbon products are used to obtain neat and beautiful welds, as well as for cutting very thick metal workpieces in air-arc mode.

Checking for compliance of the characteristics of welding electrodes with current standards is carried out by a special commission, based on the results of which a report is drawn up for checking technological parameters.

Technical characteristics of welding electrodes Type and brand TU, GOST Type Purpose and scope of electrodes Mechanical properties of electrodes Type of electrode current Spatial positions of welding time. resistance times.rel. udl.udl. elm.

E-46MR-3	TU 14-4-1853-2001 GOST 9466-75 GOST 9467 75	P	Electrodes for welding critical structures made of carbon steel with a tensile strength of up to 490 N/mm2 and carbon content of up to 0.25%	450N/mm2	18%	79 J/cm2	AC or DC reverse polarity	Anything except vertical from top to bottom
E-46MR-ZM	TU 14-4 1863-2001 GOST 9466-75 GOST 9467-75	AR	Electrodes for welding carbon and low-alloy structural steels with tensile strength up to 490 N/mm2	450 N/mm2	18%	78 J/cm2	AC or DC reverse polarity	Anything except vertical from top to bottom
E-50AUONI 13/55	TU 144 1856-2001 GOST 9466-75 GOST 9467 75	B	Electrodes for welding particularly critical structures made of carbon and low-alloy steels operating at low temperatures, when increased requirements for ductility and impact strength are imposed on the weld metal	490 N/mm2, Weld joint bend angle 150 °	20%	128 J/cm2	Constant reverse polarity	Anything other than vertical from top to bottom
E-42A USENI 13/45	TU 14-4 1855-2001 GOST 9467-75 GOST 9466-75	B	Electrodes for welding particularly critical structures made of carbon and low-alloy steels operating at low temperatures, when increased requirements for ductility and impact strength are imposed on the weld metal	410 N/mm2, Weld joint bend angle 180 °	22%	147 J/cm2	Constant reverse polarity	Anything except vertical from top to bottom
E-46ANO-4	TU 14-178-427-2002 GOST 9467-75 GOST 9466-75	R	Welding electrodes for welding structures made of carbon steel grades in accordance with GOST 380 and GOST 1050 in all spatial positions, except for the “top-down” method	460 N/mm2, Weld joint bend angle 180 °	22%	98 J/cm2	Variable or constant of any polarity	Anything except vertical from top to bottom
E-46ANO-4I

Source: https://svaring.com/welding/prinadlezhnosti/elektrody-dlja-svarki

Electrodes for welding with an inverter: what are they, how to choose the right one, features of operation

Inverter welding is often found in garages and in the hands of beginners, because it is suitable for different types of welding, and it is easier to work with such devices.

But not all electrodes are suitable for it. The proven material produces a reliable seam that will not cause complaints from customers, so you need to choose wisely.

The stores have a large assortment of electrodes for all occasions and for different inverters. The master must understand for himself which type to choose for his purposes. To work with metal, you need to buy different electrodes in composition and diameter.

Types of electrodes for inverter

High-quality materials for welding with an inverter produce a good seam, so their choice is important for the job. There is no need to save on them, otherwise you may end up with a defect.

An experienced professional can handle any electrodes, but a beginner can choose better quality material, albeit more expensive.

Craftsmen who have been involved in inverter welding for a long time and recently prefer several types of inverter rods that have proven themselves:

1. ANO - the rods do not need to be calcined before work, they light up without any problems. This brand is often chosen by experienced welders and beginners.
2. MP-3 - the most common. They are suitable for working even with parts damaged by corrosion.
3. MP-3S - used in working with pipelines because they provide the most reliable seam.
4. UONI 13/55 is an option for the strongest seam. They are a little difficult for beginners, but masters use them to create strong seams. If the seam needs to be neat, but you have little work experience, you should choose the MP-3C brand.

When choosing a material for welding with an inverter, the brand and other characteristics are important.

Which diameter to choose

When working with an inverter apparatus, you should not expect miracles, so rods with a diameter of 2 millimeters are suitable. This is what experts who have been welding for more than fifteen years say, but they forget to point out that not all parts can be welded with such electrodes.

If you intend to work with parts of different thicknesses and metal compositions, you must purchase welding rods of different diameters.

For example, the task is to weld parts with thick walls. In order for the metal to set, it must be heated thoroughly and for a long time. When welding with an inverter with a thin electrode, it will take a lot of electricity and time, so it is more logical to work with a larger diameter.

Also, the choice of thickness depends on the specification of the job. On the routes they weld with large diameter rods to reduce work time and simplify it. And to work with a profile, a diameter of 2 millimeters is enough.

They are also suitable for household work, for example, welding garage doors or gates.

What metals are welded with electrodes

Purposes vary, as do diameters and brands. The following metals can be cooked using an inverter:

• carbon and low alloy;
• heat resistant;
• stainless steel;
• aluminum and copper alloys, pure metals;
• cast iron.

You can also work with small parts and repair products, weld elements from unidentified metals.

What is the function of electrode coating

Coating is needed to improve the performance of welding rods. Popular coatings are rutile and basic. The latter is used in most brands, because it guarantees good quality of the seam when welding with an inverter.

An experienced welder, choosing such a coating and the correct diameter, will weld a strong seam that can withstand heavy loads.

For inverter welding of low-carbon metals, rutile rods are chosen. It prevents pores from appearing in the seams; it is cooked with any type of current; such electrodes are used several times. They are convenient to use, especially in difficult places.

During combustion, they do not emit toxic substances, and therefore are considered safer.

How to properly use an inverter welding machine

In experienced hands, an inverter can produce a good seam; you need to follow three rules:

• set the optimal current strength;
• choose the correct electrode diameter;
• take into account the thickness of the parts being welded.

Diameter is the main guarantee of a high-quality seam, and the current density also depends on it. The density cannot be higher, because the arc will be unstable, which means the metal will not be welded as well and the seam will be wider.

Of course, this will not affect the quality, but if aesthetics are important, then it is better to avoid it. If you need to cook thin products, it is better to use a semi-automatic machine.

Inverter welding will produce an unreliable seam, and when choosing thick welding rods, pores will appear in the joint, which will reduce its strength.

To find out the optimal current strength when working with the selected rods, just look at the markings on the packaging. It is not recommended to deviate from this parameter.

How foreign rods have proven themselves

Foreign manufacturers supply a large number of welding elements for inverter welding. European companies have proven themselves well.

Their products are suitable for any welding: for refractory, carbon metals, for welding pipelines, for working with non-ferrous metals.

Craftsmen who work to order or weld difficult elements choose foreign modifications. They are of higher quality than domestic ones because they undergo strict control.

Resanta device: which rods to choose

The scheme for selecting welding rods when working on Resant is usual: the part is assessed, the thickness of the metal is measured and a welding rod of a suitable diameter is selected.

If the part is 1 centimeter thick, then the electrode is taken with a diameter of 5 millimeters. You can take Resanta brand electrodes, but they are not plastic.

Are there special rods for cutting metal?

Beginners are interested in how to cut metal with an inverter. Previously, this issue was relevant, but now in industry they use electrodes for cutting metal.

Masters of the old school still use ordinary elements for cutting, but rather out of habit. Special welding elements produce a reliable arc, quickly oxidize the metal and remove it from the cut.

Welding with an inverter goes quickly. They reach 3−6 mm in diameter.

Selection scheme

There are several principles that help you choose electrodes for inverter welding.

When fulfilling orders, it is better to choose foreign-made welding elements with a basic coating. If the work is done at an amateur level for yourself, then you can take Russian-made rods.

It is necessary to assess the condition of the parts being welded. If the metal is damaged by corrosion, it is welded with rutile rods.

A competent assessment of the thickness of the metal allows you to choose the diameter of the rod and the current strength for welding with an inverter. Based on these principles, you can choose the right tool for the job and achieve reliable seams.

Source: https://prosvarku.info/elektrody/ehlektrody-dlya-svarki-invertorom

Electrodes for welding - types, markings and selection

Not all novice welders know that there are more than 200 types of electrodes for welding, of which about a hundred types are used in manual welding. They don’t need to know everything, but they need to get information about some of the most popular and frequently used ones. Therefore, let's move on to the selection of electrodes for manual arc welding.

Electrode components

An electrode is a wire coated on top with a special compound called coating. During the welding process, the wire (core) melts under the influence of high power electric current, filling the space between the welded metal products. The coating also melts, which releases gas during combustion. The latter envelops the welding zone, preventing oxygen from penetrating inside.

The second purpose of the coating is to protect the welded layer itself. During the melting process, part of the coating material becomes liquid and covers the weld seam. This thin film protects it from the negative effects of oxygen. Why is this protection necessary?

• During the process of melting metal, oxygen will absorb some of the energy, so the electric current may not be enough for the welding itself.
• When contacting oxygen with low humidity, oxide appears on metals, reducing its quality characteristics.

Types of coating

Currently, four types of coating are used.

1. The main one is marked “B”.
2. Sour – “A”.
3. Pulp - “C”.
4. Rutile – “R”.

There are mixed types, for example, AR - acid-rutile, RB - rutile-basic, RZh - rutile mixed with iron powder and RC - rutile-cellulose.

Most often, for manual welding with an inverter, welding electrodes with a basic or rutile coating are used. The first category includes electrodes of the UONI brand. They are usually used in cases where it is necessary to obtain a high-quality weld.

That is, the seam must meet high strength, impact strength and high ductility. At the same time, seams from the UONI welded electrode guarantee that crystalline cracks will not form inside the welded material, plus electrodes of this type are not subject to aging.

Therefore, experts recommend their use for welding critical structures that will be operated in harsh conditions.

SSSI also has its downsides. Moisture on the electrodes, rust on the end of the wire, oil or grease stains on the coating, rust on the metal products being joined - all this guarantees the appearance of cavities inside the weld seam, which reduce its quality. In addition, you can only work with these electrodes using direct current with reverse polarity.

Rutile-coated welding consumables are used primarily for joining low-carbon steel parts. Their prominent representative is the MR brand. Here are the positive characteristics of this category.

• They can operate on both direct and alternating current.
• Metal spattering is minimal.
• Using electrodes of this type, high-quality welding seams can be obtained in any position of the workpiece.
• Slag comes off easily after welding.
• Using MR, you can cook rusty products, and even heavily contaminated ones.
• Easy ignition even with a low current-voltage characteristic of the inverter.

When a beginner is faced with the question of how to choose the right electrode for welding, the best option for him is the MP brand.

Attention! Experts do not recommend using MP for welding vertical seams from top to bottom.

Rutile coatings include ANO grades. They are used for joining carbon steel products, for example, for welding pipelines. All other characteristics are exactly the same as those of the MP.

Why do experienced welders not like to use rutile-coated electrodes? First of all, they call them sparklers. Secondly, this is soft and fast welding, and for good heating of the metal, slow welding is needed. Therefore, professionals have a negative attitude towards them, but for beginners this is just right.

Other selection options

A few more parameters that determine the choice of electrodes for welding. One of the most important indicators is the polarity of the connection, and accordingly the type of current.

If an inverter is used for welding, then you need to understand that it produces direct current. Therefore, connecting the electrode for welding can be done according to two schemes.

1. Polarity is straight. The diagram is as follows: minus is connected to the welding electrode, plus to ground.
2. The polarity is reversed. Here it’s the other way around: minus to the mass, plus to the holder.

What are the features of each connection scheme? It all depends on the strength of welding of metals. With direct polarity, the metal parts being welded are subject to high heat. With reverse polarity, the heating temperature is not so high.

Therefore, when you need to weld two metal sheets of small thickness, it is better to use reverse polarity, which will provide protection against burn-through. In addition, reverse polarity is used when welding products made from high-alloy steels.

They are sensitive to high temperatures.

There are three more indicators that you need to pay attention to.

Welding thickness

The diameter of the electrode must be related to the thickness of the parts being welded. That is, these two parameters are interconnected. Here are some ratios.

Diameter of welding material, mm Thickness of welded parts, mm

2,5	2
2,5-3	3
3,2-4	4-5
4-5	6-12
5	13

It is important to choose an electrode by diameter. The thing is that the higher this indicator, the worse the density of the seam, taking into account the ratios in the table. In addition, incorrect selection leads to instability of the welding arc, deterioration of penetration, and an increase in the width of the seam itself.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E6b9vONaay4

Another dependence of the diameter of the welding electrode. In this case, it depends on the current strength.

Diameter of welding material, mmWelding current, A

2	55-65
2,5	65-80
3	70-130
4	130-160
5	180-210
6	210-240

It turns out that three parameters: current strength, thickness of the metals being welded and electrode diameters are interconnected. Therefore, when answering the question of which electrodes to choose, it is necessary to take this relationship into account.

However, we note that the current strength in each category may differ slightly from those presented in the table. MR electrodes with a diameter of 2 mm can be welded at a current of 40 A. SSSI at 30 A.

Therefore, before choosing electrodes, be sure to study their characteristics, which are indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging of the welding material.

Selecting welding materials for the required metals is not always easy, because by eye you can only determine steel, stainless steel, cast iron or non-ferrous metal. It is clear that in addition to steel structures where the electrodes described above are used, in all other cases special welding products are used: for cast iron, for stainless steel, for aluminum and so on.

As for steel products, there are certain difficulties depending on the definition of the type of steel. But if you figure this out, then the question of how to choose the right electrodes will become easier to answer.

• For welding boiling-type steels, you can use any grade with any coating. These steels include: low-carbon and slightly deoxidized.
• For welding semi-quiet steels, it is better to use electrodes with rutile or basic coating.
• For welding structures made of mild steel, which are subject to high dynamic loads, and which are operated at fairly low sub-zero temperatures, it is better to use grades with a basic coating.

The quality of the weld will also be affected by the stability of the arc. Therefore, the electrode you choose must match the type of current you are using. For welding consumables with a basic coating, only direct current is required; for other types, both direct and alternating current can be used. For electrodes with rutile, cellulose and acid coating, which operate from welding transformers, that is, on alternating current, the arc burns stably. This means the seam is of high quality.

As for the welding direction, cellulose-coated electrodes are welded well in the lower position and vertically. Because these electrodes produce a fairly viscous slag and plus the metal of the wire is transferred to the seam in small drops, which allows you to evenly fill the joint between the metal parts. In this regard, the worst weld seam is formed on electrodes with a basic coating.

When there is a question of welding thick-walled products, the technology determines the multilayer nature of the applied seam. Therefore, such a parameter as good slag separation becomes the main one when choosing electrodes. In this regard, electrodes with basic coating again lose out. Let us also add here that welding products of this type require a certain purity of the metals being welded.

Conclusion on the topic

Selecting a welding material according to all parameters is not easy. You will have to take into account many nuances, so it is recommended to take into account the tables located above, as well as information that indicates the purpose of the electrodes themselves.

Source: https://svarkalegko.com/materials/vidy-svarochnih-elektrodov-i-ih-vibor.html

How to choose electrodes for welding: types and features of choice

Different types of welding technologies are carried out using electrodes. This consumable is an important component on which the strength of the welded joint depends. The modern market offers a huge selection of consumables, the wide range of which can easily get confused. For this reason, you need to know how to choose electrodes for welding.

They are usually divided depending on the types, materials of manufacture, coating composition and other important criteria. In any case, it is worth considering all the important features if you want to get a durable and high-quality seam.

Main purpose

Before you find out which electrodes are best for welding, it is worth considering the main purpose of these products. They are usually used when performing electric arc welding. Due to them, an electric discharge arc is formed, which melts the metal. The degree of stability of the arc depends on the quality criteria of the electrodes, and their composition affects the strength and other indicators of the welded joint.

The main purpose of electrodes of the usual and universal type, which belong to the best class, is as follows:

• maintaining a stable arc during the welding process;
• thanks to these elements, a welded joint with a suitable chemical composition is formed;
• capable of melting evenly, this applies to the rod and coating;
• these products create optimal conditions to reduce the level of metal spattering;

rods increase the efficiency of the welding process; promote easy separation of slag and guarantee the strength of welds;

thanks to them, toxicity indicators are maintained within low limits.

It is worth noting! Every welder should know how to choose electrodes for welding work. Typically, when selecting these components, it is worth relying on the classification, chemical composition of the coating and production method.

Main selection indicators

Every welder, regardless of experience and degree, should know how to choose the right electrodes for welding. It is worth considering that these components can be melting or non-melting.

The first option is made of metal rods, on the surface of which there is a coating designed to protect the welding area, and it also increases the stability of the arc. They are used for manual welding. Elements of the second type (non-consumable) are used for welding in protective gas mixtures (using argon).

Important! When welding, it is worth remembering that not only the selected electrodes affect the basic qualities of the connection. Strength depends on the material of the products being welded.

So how to choose the right electrodes for welding? Depending on the type of material, a certain type of rods is used:

1. To connect components that consist of low-carbon and low-alloy steel, it is worth using carbon-type rods.
2. To weld elements made of alloy metal, it is recommended to use rods of suitable brands: OZS-4, MR-3 (GOST 9466-75), MR-3, ANO-21, UONI 13/45 (GOST 9467-75).
3. If welding is carried out with surfacing or other types of steel, then preference should be given to electrodes with a core based on a high-alloy metal - TsL-11 (GOST 9466-75).
4. For welding products made of cast iron metal, electrodes of the OZCh-2 brand (GOST 9466-75) are selected.

Suitable electrodes for inverter welding

Which welding electrodes are best suited for inverter welding? There is a list with certain types of rods that will help form a high-quality and heavy-duty seam:

1. ANO . They have good ignition. They do not require additional calcination. Suitable for both experienced and novice welders.
2. MP-3 . These are universal rods. They are suitable for working with products whose surface is unclean.
3. MR-3S . It is recommended to give preference to rods when high demands are placed on the quality of the welded joint.
4. SSSI 13/55 . The rods are recommended for use in the construction of important structures that place high demands on welded joints. It will be quite difficult for a novice welder to work with them; their use requires some experience and some knowledge.

Advantages of popular brands of electrodes

You definitely need to know how to choose electrodes for welding so that they can ensure high-quality welding. High quality rods have a number of advantages:

1. They make welding work easy. Difficulties in using these products can only appear in cases where they were incorrectly selected according to the composition of the core material.
2. With their help you can get a high quality seam. This criterion is considered the most important when welding. Electrodes included in the top best brands are able to fully provide this. When used for inverter equipment, high-quality internal and external connections can be obtained. They also provide the formation of seams with concave and convex shapes.
3. Slight separation of slag is observed. The slag that forms when using many types of electrodes can be separated quite easily. This is what makes it possible to immediately see the quality of the resulting connections.
4. Using electrodes, you can weld products that have corrosion. Despite the fact that elements with rust are welded very rarely, the use of the best electrodes still allows us to obtain a weld with high strength.

Diameter Features

Which electrodes to choose for beginners and professional welders? This issue worries many specialists who want to obtain a strong welded joint. When selecting these products, it is worth considering their diameter. It usually depends on the thickness of the products being welded and the metal.

How to choose electrodes in accordance with the diameter and its dependence on the thickness of the element being welded? Let's consider the main parameters:

• when the thickness of the products used for welding is 1.5-2.5 mm, it is worth using electrodes with a diameter of 2-2.5 mm;
• if the product thickness is 3 mm, it is worth using rods with a diameter of 2.5-3 mm;
• with a thickness of 4-5 mm - 3-4 mm;
• at 6-10 mm - 4-5 mm.

The permissible welding current also depends on the diameter of the rods. At increased current values ​​and exceeding the permissible electrode diameter, there may be a possibility of pore formation in the area of ​​the welded joint.

Welding electrodes are considered important components, without which full and high-quality welding is impossible, so you need to know how to choose them correctly. The rods ensure the formation of a strong seam with an ideal shape. But it is still worth considering that when selecting them, you need to take into account the type of metal, the thickness of the product, the width of the joint, the type of welding equipment, coating and many other important factors.

Interesting video

Source: https://osvarka.com/obuchenie-svarke/kak-vybrat-elektrody-dlya-svarki

6 best welding electrodes

Nowadays you can easily find a wide variety of welding electrodes in specialized stores. They differ from each other not only in characteristics, but also in reliability. Unfortunately, very often people purchase products that can last an extremely short period of time.

Our site strives to prevent this from happening. Stop wasting your money! Buy a quality product that will serve faithfully for a long time. Perhaps you will overpay slightly. But eventually you will realize that you actually saved money.

In a word, choose those welding electrodes that are mentioned in our article today.

Which brand of welding electrode should I choose?

Now welding electrodes have learned to be produced in a variety of countries. They are created in China, Russia, the USA and many other countries. Unfortunately, practice shows that domestic electrodes are inferior to foreign products in terms of quality and other parameters. And yet progress is noticeable.

If this continues, in a few years the level of performance will become much higher. In the meantime, along with electrodes from Russian companies, we will also recommend products distributed under foreign brands - they often show themselves in work from a more positive side.

The most popular welding electrodes in Russia are under the following brands:

1. ESAB-SVEL

2. Kobelco

3. Resanta

4. SSSI

5. Lincoln Electric

Some of these companies specialize in producing both rutile and basic coated electrodes. Others create electrodes of strictly one type.

SSSI 13/55

This electrode should be used for DC welding. It is ideal for use in critical areas. It is noted that the weld pool will be reliably protected from the effects of oxygen, for which we should thank the carbon dioxide released when the coating burns. One kilogram of this substance will cost a penny. But you need to take into account that most often UONI 13/55 electrodes are sold in packages of 3 kg.

The presence of coating here simultaneously plays a negative role. The fact is that the product is very difficult to light. Some novice welders spend a lot of time on this process. Also, re-ignition is difficult here. The melted coating hardens and insulates the metal, which requires stripping the end of the electrode. But it should be noted that it is with the help of an electrode with a basic coating that the most durable and aesthetic seams are obtained.

Advantages:

• The appearance of slag pits in the cooled seam is completely excluded;
• The seam is aesthetic and very durable;
• Minimum cost of the product;
• Widely distributed in specialized stores.

Flaws:

• Difficult to light;
• Re-ignition is possible only after stripping the end of the electrode;
• It takes time to get used to the features of this type of electrode.

Kobelco LB-52U

This is already a very expensive substance produced in Japan. Rolling off the production line of Kobe Steel, Ltd. the electrode is sold in our country at an inflated price per 1 kg. In this case, one package usually consists of four to five kilograms of the substance.

But this product does an excellent job of welding low-carbon steels, where there is no possibility of double-sided welding. In particular, pipelines are welded with these electrodes. There are no complaints about the strength of the resulting seam.

In many cases, the strength reaches 588 N/mm2, which is an incredibly high figure.

Of course, the base coating makes using the electrode slightly more difficult. Before work, it is necessary to calcinate at a temperature of about 300°C. This will remove moisture, as a result of which combustion will significantly improve, and at the same time the quality of the seam will improve. The creators also recommend cooking at constant current. However, a variable can also be used, but then the result will be slightly worse.

Advantages:

• The seam is strong and clean;
• Ideal for welding low-carbon steels;
• Easy creation of seams in any direction.

Flaws:

• Not everyone will like the price;
• Calcination is necessary, since the product is sensitive to dampness.

OZL-8

These domestically produced electrodes are primarily intended for welding steel with a high nickel and chromium content. That is, these are the electrodes that should be used to weld stainless steel. This product has one limitation. It is only suitable for welding machines using reverse polarity direct current. The arc should be short.

If the above conditions are met, the welder will receive a strong weld that is not prone to hardening and corrosion. In a word, OZL-8 electrodes show themselves ideally when working with highly loaded components, including those used under conditions of alternating loads.

Unfortunately, after welding, some slag is released into the light. But it separates easily, you won’t spend a lot of time on it. When cooling, the seam does not crack, but it should not be cooled sharply so that crystallization does not occur, which reduces strength. Like other electrodes with a basic coating, these products require calcination at high temperatures. This makes ignition somewhat difficult, or rather delays.

Advantages:

• Easy seam management;
• Ideally welds highly loaded components;
• Does not crack when torn off;
• Best suited for working with stainless steel.

Flaws:

• High price;
• When humidified, the characteristics seriously deteriorate;
• Usage restrictions typical for such electrodes.

Lincoln Electric Omnia 46

The most respected company in the welding market is Lincoln Electric. This American company has existed for over a hundred years. The first coated electrode was produced by her back in 1927. Since then, the engineers of this company have accumulated a wealth of experience. Therefore, you should not be surprised that Omnia 46 electrodes, which have a rutile-cellulose coating, immediately after their release earned the respect of many welders and specialized publications.

Despite their foreign origin, these electrodes are quite inexpensive. You can find different packs in stores; they usually contain from four to six kilograms of electrodes. In any case, you will spend less than a thousand rubles! Beginners love this product the most. The fact is that Omnia 46 electrodes easily flare up even on cheap welding machines.

They are not very sensitive to the length of the arc, which is also good news. Experts note a small number of sparks that occur during operation. This is important, as this improves fire safety. The slag can be easily separated after work, allowing welding of contaminated or rusty steel. Buyers have no complaints about the strength of the seam.

Often, even pipelines are welded with such electrodes, although they were not originally intended for this.

Advantages:

• The seam is very durable and resistant to stress;
• Does not require a short arc;
• Very easy ignition on any inverter;
• Even a beginner can handle the arc;
• Reasonable cost.

Flaws:

• Electrodes can quickly become damp (then they will require calcination).

ESAB-SVEL OK 46.00

These electrodes are both Russian and foreign. This is explained by the fact that they are produced here, but strictly under the control of the Swedish company ESAB. The product is sold at a relatively low price. This product has no equal in this price category. Even with partial dampness, the electrodes burn stably.

Ignition takes a matter of seconds on any welding inverter. You can work with electrodes with both direct and alternating current. Experts note that the product works in any direction of the seam, and the minimum current threshold for these electrodes is lower than that of competitors. All this allows the Swedish-Russian product to be used for welding thin-walled parts.

The main advantage of rutile-coated electrodes is that the surface of the steel being processed does not need to be cleaned. The product is not afraid of either pollution or corrosion. All slag can be easily removed after work. The cooled seam is strong and viscous. To calcinate a very cool electrode, it is enough to heat the welding machine to only 80-90 degrees.

Advantages:

• Can work with contaminated and rusty steel;
• The price tag can hardly be called high;
• Possible operation at minimum current;
• Very easy ignition.

Flaws:

• Not suitable for pipelines, since the strength of the seam is still not maximum.

Resanta MP-3

It is possible that Resanta MP-3 electrodes are the most common in our country. The Resanta brand unexpectedly became very popular, not least due to the fact that most often there are no special complaints about products under this brand.

The above electrodes have an average price tag. The product turned out to be successful, its main disadvantage is that it works noticeably worse when damp. If you need a strong seam, then the damp product will require calcination. At a temperature of 150-170 degrees, this process will last about an hour.

Like other rutile electrodes, Resanta MP-3 can be ignited with almost an ordinary match. This product also allows you to conduct an arc in any direction. It is not afraid of rust or contamination - the slag is then easily removed. The product has no particular defects.

While many competitors, when working with steel with a high carbon content, suffer from recrystallization, this product is completely insensitive to the quality of the steel being welded. And yet, there is no need to buy Resanta MP-3 for welding high-carbon steel - there are electrodes with a basic coating for these purposes.

Advantages:

• Optimal price tag;
• No tendency to form pores;
• The slag is easily separated;
• Minimum arc length requirements;
• Easy to light;
• Can be used with alternating and direct current.

Flaws:

• When dampened, the quality of the seam noticeably drops.

Which welding electrode to buy

1. If you have already worked with electrodes that have a basic coating, then you can purchase UONI 13/55. This product is inexpensive and provides a very durable seam. Also among its advantages is the fact that these electrodes can be found in many stores.

2. Kobelco LB-52U also has a base coat. In this regard, ignition here is possible only after calcination, which removes all moisture. This electrode must be purchased if a pipeline or some other serious object is being welded that does not allow double-sided welding.

3. If you are welding stainless steel, then you need to buy OZL-8. This is an expensive substance, but it is ideal for welding steel containing nickel and chromium. The product's disadvantages are typical for an electrode with a basic coating.

4. If you need fast-igniting electrodes, then you should consider purchasing the Lincoln Electric Omnia 46. Also, this product will not greatly affect your budget. The electrodes create a strong seam, otherwise they would not be included in our rating.

5. Another good example with rutile coating is ESAB-SVEL OK 46.00. This electrode also does not require serious calcination, and it is less afraid of dampness than others. To work with such an electrode, a minimum current is required, which allows you to weld thin-walled steel.

6. Resant MP-3 electrodes perform slightly worse. If they become damp, they will require long-term calcination at medium temperature. Otherwise, the seam will not be of the highest quality.

Do you want to receive up-to-date ratings and selection tips? to our Telegram.

Source: https://vyboroved.ru/remont-i-nedvizhimost/972-luchshie-svarochnye-elektrody.html