How to fit a pipe for welding

How to weld a pipe to a pipe perpendicularly

The reliability of metal structures depends on the quality of welding work. Therefore, there are state standards that regulate welding processes.

For example, GOST 23518-79 determines what should be the connections of parts welded in a shielding gas environment, and how to weld at an acute or obtuse angle. Depending on the gas used, the type of electrode, and additive, the requirements for the welding process are established.

To comply with the technology, devices are used that prevent parts from changing their position, making the welder’s work easier. Such devices help maintain a right angle or any other.

Electrode tilt

To weld parts at right or acute angles, you must be able to move the electrode correctly. During the welding process, the end of the electrode melts along with the coating, which releases protective gases and partially turns into slag, which also protects the weld pool from atmospheric oxygen.

It is necessary to ensure that the bath is constantly covered with liquid slag, otherwise a high-quality weld will not be obtained. The metal must remain in a liquid state for at least three seconds, which is required to release harmful gases.

In this case, it is necessary to move the electrode along the seam, making complex rotational or zigzag movements with the end of the electrode. Such control over welding can only be achieved with the correct angle of inclination of the electrode. But the tilt angle is needed not only to control the welding progress. It can be used to influence the characteristics of the weld.

Welding at an angle forward makes the penetration depth smaller, while the width increases. This can be used when welding thin metals. With this method, the edges are well fused and the welding speed increases.

When welding at an angle backwards, the penetration becomes deeper and the seam is higher, but the width decreases. The edges do not warm up enough, so lack of penetration and the formation of pores are likely.

But the ability to cook is not enough to obtain a high-quality weld. Sometimes a certain position in space is required to make a good seam.

And this is achieved by using special devices that fix the parts to be welded in space as required by the welder. For example, when electroslag welding it is required to position the seam vertically.

When welding, it is often necessary to secure the parts to be joined together so that the welder can do his job. If the products are heavy and have complex shapes, then you cannot do without special devices.

In small workshops, universal type devices have become widespread, capable of fixing the assembled product before welding and changing its position during the work. They come in installation and fixing types.

Installation and securing mechanisms

More practical to use are mechanisms that perform both functions at once - secure and install the workpiece in the required position. In this case, the part is simply installed in the fixture and clamped. Next comes the welding of the workpieces.

The simplest device in design is a device for welding perpendicularly connected products. The base of the device is mounted on a welding table.

If these are large products, then a lattice frame is made and placed in a horizontal plane. The products to be welded are placed on its surface at right angles to each other. For this purpose, there are guides in the form of corners on the plane.

If you need to weld one or more products at right angles, you can fix them using screw clamps (clamps) . It is easier to start welding any connections at right angles on a welding table.

When laid on the table, the correct arrangement of the parts in one plane is guaranteed. A corner rectangular clamp helps maintain a right angle between the parts. The parts are secured in several places by welding, after which the whole product can be rotated as needed for the next operation.

When welding volumetric products, it is necessary to make rotary clamps. This speeds up installation and removal of the product.

Homemade retainer

If the workpieces are small, then a device for securing them at an angle of 90 ° can be made independently from available material. You need to take a metal corner, a strip (two pieces) and two clamps. To set a right angle, you will need a square; no other tool is required.

The length of the corners can be any. The strip is welded at an angle of 45 degrees to each corner so that they form an isosceles right triangle.

In order to prevent the structure from moving, you first need to grab it in four places and only then boil it completely. The resulting device, when secured to the table, will last for more than one year.

Application of magnets

When welding at home, it is convenient to use magnetic clamps. They are electromagnetic and based on permanent magnets. Electromagnets are used more in production. For household needs and small industries, latches with permanent magnets are convenient. They are compact, can be installed anywhere, and some have a variable angle of fixation.

The simplest in design and most common are magnetic squares. It is enough to apply the square to the part to be welded with one plane, and accordingly position the second part to obtain reliable fastening at a right angle.

It remains to grab the parts in several places. After this, the product is completely welded. Without tack, magnetic angles will not withstand temperature deformations during welding.

In addition to squares, there are universal magnetic devices. They can fix the welded products in many positions.

As an example, consider the MagTab device. The device has two main planes with magnets. The angle between the planes changes, so the device can be mounted on a cylindrical, flat surface or in any corner.

There are two more planes to which the parts are attached. The planes are located at right angles and have the ability to move relative to the base. This makes it possible to install the product to be welded in the position that is required.

If you have powerful permanent magnets, especially neodymium ones, you can make such devices yourself. When using magnetic fasteners, you need to take into account that they lose their strength when exposed to high temperatures, so you need to avoid overheating them.

Pipe connection

Welding is often used when pipelines need to be connected. In this case, the question often arises: how to weld one pipe to another pipe perpendicularly.

If profile pipes of rectangular or square cross-section are used, then everything is very simple. At the junction, in the pipe to which the other will be welded, it is necessary to make a cutout for the cross-section of the product being cut into.

After this, they need to be installed in an angle clamp and clamped with a screw, or in any other device that ensures a perpendicular connection of the parts. Then tack is done in several places and then everything is boiled all around.

When welding round pipes, everything happens exactly the same. Only additionally, at the end of the welded pipe, a cutout is made with a radius that matches the radius of the main pipe. This ensures a good joint, which will allow you to get a high-quality seam.

Adapters are often used to connect plastic pipes at right angles. The part is called a 90° angle. It allows you to quickly and easily ensure the accuracy of the angle of rotation.

Source: http://ooo-asteko.ru/kak-privarit-trubu-k-trube-perpendikulyarno/

Electric pipe welding technology

There are several methods for welding pipelines (steel). But the advent of inverters pushed back all methods, and now pipe welding in everyday life is carried out with this particular device. Firstly, it is the simplicity of the welding process, and secondly, accessibility and high safety. Moreover, the technology for welding pipes is not very complicated; the main thing is to carry out the preparation correctly and select the necessary consumables.

Preparing pipes for welding

The welding process begins with preparation. First of all, you need to select the electrodes with which the pipes will be welded. There are two selection criteria here: the material from which the metal rod is made, and the coating - the material covering the rod.

For welding metal pipes, consumable and non-consumable electrodes are used. In the former the rod melts, in the latter it does not. In the second case, an additional material is used - an additive, which fills the welding seam. Practice shows that welding pipes with consumable electrodes is used more often in domestic conditions today. Simply because this method is easier.

Now, as for coating the electrodes. There are several positions here where different materials are used to form a protective surface.

• Rutile.
• Acidic.
• Rutile acid.
• Cellulose.
• Rutile-cellulose.
• Basic.

Each position has its own pros and cons, so when choosing, it is necessary to take into account the conditions for welding pipelines. But among them there is a universal option - these are electrodes with a basic coating. This category includes such brands of electrodes as UONI, OZS, VI, EA, NIAT, OZSh and other less known ones. Beginner welders are recommended to weld pipes with UONI electrodes.

Before welding two pipes, you need to understand that there are several types of welded joints.

• Butt joint, when two pipes are located opposite each other.
• Overlapping, this is how two pipes of different diameters, or the same diameter, are usually connected, only one of the pipes is flared, that is, its diameter is mechanically increased.
• T-joint, when two pipelines are joined in perpendicular planes.
• Corner connection, when the joint is made at an angle of less than 90°.

By the way, option number one seems very simple. But it conceals the complexity of the process itself. Firstly, it is better to weld such a seam in the lower position, this is when the electrode is fed into the joint from above. Secondly, the metal must be boiled through the entire thickness of the wall.

And some more useful tips.

• For butt welding of pipelines and tees, it is best to use electrodes with a diameter of 2-3 mm.
• Welding mode, that is, the value of the set current should be in the range of 80-100 amperes. When overlapping welding, the current must be increased to 120 A.
• The filling of the weld should be such that the metal rises 2-3 mm above the plane of the pipe.
• Welding of profile pipes (square) is done spotwise. That is, first a small section is welded on one side, then on the opposite, then on the adjacent and then on the opposite adjacent. After which the joints are completely welded. The goal is to prevent the pipe from warping as it heats up.

Before electric welding pipes, they must be prepared. This mainly concerns the edges. Here is the sequence of how to do it.

1. The geometric dimensions are checked for compliance with the ongoing installation of pipelines. Pipes with different wall thicknesses can be joined, which can lead to failure of penetration of a thick pipe or burn-through of a thin one.
2. In cross-section, the pipeline should be round, not oval or other shape. This will simply ensure the quality of the welded joint and simplify the process itself.
3. The walls of the pipes must be free of defects: cracks, creases, expansions, and so on.
4. The edge cut must be straight (90°).
5. The edges are protected to a metallic shine (use a brush or sandpaper). The length of the area to be cleaned is at least 1 cm from the edge.
6. Oil and grease stains and paint are removed, and the ends must be degreased using any solvent.

And although UONI electrodes are not capricious, that is, they can be used to weld even rusty parts, the quality of the weld is affected by any metal defects. Therefore, it is worth taking a little time to prepare the edges of the pipeline.

Welding steel pipes

Welding of round pipes is carried out using a continuous seam. That is, if the process began from one point, then it should end at that same point, without lifting the electrode from the surface to be welded. When welding large-diameter pipes (over 110 mm), it is impossible to fill the seam with one electrode. Therefore, it is necessary to use multilayer welding, where the number of layers is determined by the thickness of the pipe walls. Eg:

• If the wall thickness is 6 mm, then two layers of metal are sufficient.
• 6-12 mm – welding is carried out in three layers.
• More than 12 mm - more than four layers.

Attention! Multilayer welding is carried out with one requirement. Before applying the next layer, the previous ones must cool down.

Pipeline assembly

Before welding pipes, to simplify the task, it is necessary to assemble the welding joint. That is, you install the pipes according to the assembly design, clamp them so that they do not move or shift. After which the tack is done. This is when spot welding is done in one place; if the pipeline is assembled from large-diameter products, then tack welding can be done in several places.

In principle, everything is ready, you can weld the pipeline. It would seem that this could be the end of the conversation about welding. But for novice welders it is just beginning, because the welding process associated with pipeline assembly involves a large number of nuances. Here are just a few of them that need to be taken into account.

• Pipes with a thickness of more than 4 mm can be welded using a root weld, this is when the metal fills the space between the edges to the full depth, and a roll weld, when a roller 3 mm high is formed on top of the seam.
• When connecting pipes with a diameter of 30-80 mm with a vertical seam, the technology is slightly different from the bottom location of the seam. First, the volume is filled to 75%, then the rest of the space.
• With multilayer welding technology, a horizontal seam is welded in two layers so that the next one is applied in the opposite direction than the previous one.
• The connection point of the lower layer should not coincide with the same point of the upper layer. The locking point is the end (beginning) of the seam.
• Usually, when welding pipes, the latter must be rotated all the time. This is done manually, so you need to know that the optimal rotation sector is 60-110°. It’s just that in this range the seam is located in a place convenient for the welder. Its length is the maximum, and this allows you to control the continuity of the seam connection.
• The most difficult thing, as many welders believe, is to turn the pipeline 180° at once and at the same time maintain the quality of the weld. Therefore, with such a rotation, it is recommended to change the welding technology. That is, first the seam is welded to a depth of up to 2/3 in one or two layers. The pipeline is then rotated 180°, where the seam is completely filled in several layers. Next, there is a 180° turn again, where the seam is completely filled with the electrode metal. By the way, such joints are called rotary joints.
• But there are also non-rotating joints, this is when pipe is welded to pipe in a fixed structure. If the pipeline is located horizontally, then the joint between its parts must be welded by dividing it into two parts. Welding starts from the bottom point (ceiling) and moves to the top. The second half of the joint is welded in the same way.

And the last stage in pipe welding technology is seam quality control. It must be tapped with a hammer to knock off the slag. Then visually check for cracks, gouges, chips, burns and lack of penetration. If the pipeline is intended for liquids or gases, then after assembly, water or gas is introduced into it to check for leaks.

The welding process is actually a responsible undertaking. And only the experience of a welder can guarantee the quality of the final result the first time. But experience is a gain. We invite you to watch a video on how to properly weld steel pipes.

Source: https://svarkalegko.com/tehonology/kak-svarivat-truby.html

Proper preparation and assembly of pipes for welding - Osvarke.Net

Proper preparation and assembly of pipes for welding can save significant amounts of time and money and ultimately improve the productivity of all operations.

Regardless of the welding process used, proper preparation before starting work is key to ensuring the quality of the finished weld. Taking the necessary steps to prepare weld joints can reduce the risk of weld defects and also save money on consumables.

Photo. Preparing pipes for welding

Proper preparation of pipes for welding helps to avoid problems such as solid inclusions, cracks in the weld, lack of fusion and low penetration depth. I propose to consider the following key steps in cleaning and preparing welded joints, which will help you avoid some common problems and mistakes when welding pipes.

Pipe cleaning and preparation

Cleaning and preparing pipes for welding are joint processes. First of all, this process depends on the condition of the pipes in which they are received. It’s not for nothing that some welders are given the responsibility for cutting pipes and bevels. But it often happens that the beveling and cutting of pipes is done by someone else before the welder receives the pipe.

Properly prepared pipe joints - whether beveled or not - should provide access to the joint and allow the weld to penetrate deep into the edge groove. After the pipe has been cut with a gas torch, plasma cutter or mechanical tool, and the edges have been beveled using a grinding machine or mechanically, the internal and external surfaces of the junction of the pipes and the bevel should be cleaned.

If the pipe is cut by mechanical methods, lubricant has likely been used, so it must be removed before welding to reduce the risk of hydrogen entering the weld. Gas and plasma cutting usually leaves a layer of slag and oxides on the edge. Be sure to clean it to prevent solids and porosity.

Before welding, the surface is cleaned of paint, oil and dirt on the base metal to prevent the possibility of defects and maintain the integrity of the weld. It is necessary to clear at least 2-5 cm from the weld seam and tack points.

While some welding processes and welding consumables can handle raw edge welding and oil welding, you should not rely on this when welding pipe. Pipelines are critical structures where it is necessary to minimize the risk of defects and maximize the service life of the pipes.

Assembly of pipes for welding

Proper assembly of welding requirements ensures that the weld joint has the same clearance around the entire circumference of the pipe. This prevents problems with insufficient root penetration, which can reduce the life of the finished weld.

Parts should be selected with matching internal diameters of pipes.

The parts are clamped into special assembly devices, which should hold the pipes during welding, so that during the welding process of the root of the seam or passage, the parts do not change, move closer to each other and do not move away from each other.

Assembly performed using tacks requires careful inspection of them for defects. If any, the tack is cut out and welded again. During welding, all tacks are melted.

Common Mistakes

Very often, correction of defects and modification of welding joints is caused by inaccurate preparation of the seam. To get good welding results, avoid these common mistakes:

• Very often you can find beveled edges with an angle that is too sharp, which leads to poor penetration of the weld seam into the depth of the weld joint.
• Not good enough to remove oil, dirt, paint or varnish from the base metal. Improper cleaning methods can cause the grout to become porous. Using grinders is the fastest way to clean the welding area. Make sure you clear at least 2-5cm from the end of the piece to prevent foreign material from getting into the seam.
• Not following welding procedures may seem like a good way to save time and increase productivity, but it can also lead to further rework, corrections, and failed welds. Before welding pipes, you should familiarize yourself with the specifications and technological processes, they usually contain the correct bevel angle, gap size, weld root size and other important details.

Conclusion

Welding pipelines requires high-quality connections, since pipelines in most cases are critical structures. Proper cleaning and preparation of pipe parts for welding plays a key role in the quality of the welded joint. Performing these operations well can save significant time and money later and ultimately improve the productivity of all subsequent operations.

Source: http://osvarke.net/tehnologiya/pravilnaya-podgotovka-i-sborka-trub-pod-svarku/

Electric welding technology for pipes. Useful tips

There is an opinion that welding pipes is a fairly simple technological operation that even a beginner can handle.

Indeed, it would seem that there is nothing complicated here. The parts are quite large, the connecting surfaces are well adjusted to each other and processed, the material is of high quality. At first glance, there is everything necessary to form an aesthetic and durable seam!

In practice, however, it turns out completely differently. This process is quite difficult, especially when it comes to the formation of a full-fledged pipeline operating under pressure. The best specialists are attracted to work with its segments.

Why is this happening? How to perform high-quality welding without significant experience? What tips and tricks should you follow?

Core Technology

The most common and popular technique is electric arc welding.

Yes, it has alternatives in the form of gas welding, but its undeniable advantages lie in simplicity, a minimal set of equipment and a result that meets the most stringent standards.

Even when designing main pipelines, this method is used. To achieve high quality, you must treat your work with full responsibility.

Selecting Electrodes

The connection of steel pipeline segments must be carried out using high-quality consumables, otherwise it is unlikely that a good result will be achieved.

For example, when it comes to choosing electrodes, the following models are considered the best:

• ANO-21, ANO-24 and MR-3 . They operate on alternating currents. Work is allowed even with wet coating. The cost of the products is low, which explains their demand in everyday life; they are ideal for connecting structural elements of gates, greenhouses and other light-weight structures that do not experience high loads. Work with pipelines in which the medium is transported under significant pressure is not permitted.
• SSSI . The quality of the cores deserves flattering reviews even from professional welders, but they have a disadvantage - work cannot be carried out at high speed. It is necessary to constantly monitor the stability of the arc; the weld is deposited gradually, so the worker must have some experience in interacting with classic ANO and MR electrodes.
• LB-52U electrodes are excellent for metal pipes . This is a Japanese development. It is the one that is preferred when implementing large projects. They form an even and stable arc, the resulting seam combines strength and aesthetics. The downside is the rather high cost, but they are suitable for both specialists and beginners.

Watch a video on the topic of which electrodes to use for welding pipes:

Basic methods

The connection can be made in one of the following ways:

1. Butt joint, when the pipes to be connected are placed opposite each other. The most common option, characterized by relative ease of implementation. However, it is also characterized by certain difficulties. The first point is that it is better to work from below. The second point is that it is necessary to thoroughly weld the metal so that the depth of penetration corresponds to the thickness of the wall.
2. Overlapping. This method is focused on connecting elements that initially differ in diameter, or segments, one of which is flared, that is, its diameter is intentionally increased by mechanical action.
3. The T-joint is made at a 90-degree angle.
4. A corner connection assumes that the angle between the connected segments is less than 90 degrees.

Useful tips

Before electric welding pipes, it is worth remembering a number of tips, following which will simplify the process and also improve the quality of the final result:

• If the connection is made using the butt or tee method, then electrodes whose diameter varies from 2 to 3 millimeters perform best.
• The recommended amperage is from 80 to 100 amperes, with the exception of overlap welding, when it is recommended to increase it to 120 amperes.
• When filling a welding seam, you need to ensure that the rise of the metal above the plane of the element reaches 2-3 millimeters.
• If the cross-section of the pipe is not the usual ovals or circles, but profiles, that is, rectangles and squares, then a point method of connecting it is used.

Its essence is that initially you need to weld a small area on one of the sides. Next - a similar section on the opposite side, then - on the remaining two planes. Only after this the pipe is finally welded.

This approach makes it possible to eliminate the possibility of warping of the product when the temperature rises; its geometry remains stable.

Preparatory operations

The final quality of the joint depends not only on the professionalism of the welder and the use of the “correct” electrodes, but also on how well the preliminary preparation is done.

It consists of the following operations:

• Checking the compliance of the geometry of the connected elements with the selected technology. It must be remembered that the wall thickness must be identical, otherwise it will not be possible to fully weld a thick-walled pipe, and in the case of working with a thin-walled product, on the contrary, the risk of burn-through increases.
• The presence of defects on the welded products, be it cracks, creases or deformations, is not allowed. During the process of thermal expansion, they can turn into areas of complete destruction of the structure.
• Geometric deviations of the cut are not allowed. Its angle must be 90 degrees, otherwise the welding seam will not be strong enough and problems will arise with its formation, which will pose a threat of destruction of the entire structure.
• The edges of the connected pipes must be cleaned until a shiny metal surface appears, for which coarse sandpaper or a special brush is used. The minimum length of the area to be cleaned is a centimeter from the edge.
• Grease and other contaminants, traces of paint and corrosion are removed. The most effective removal agent is a chemical solvent.

This video shows how to prepare the edges of a pipe for clearance using a grinder:

Process Features

Pipe welding technology requires following the following rules:

• The seam must be continuous, that is, end at the point of its beginning. Tearing of the electrode from the surface is not allowed. It is impossible to follow the rule if the pipe diameter is too large. In such a situation, multilayer welding is used. The number of layers must be correlated with the thickness of the walls.

2 layers correspond to a thickness of less than 6 millimeters, 3 – from 6 to 12, 4 – more than 12. Before applying subsequent layers, you need to make sure that the first one has cooled completely.

• Before welding two pipes, they need to be fixed. The tack will simplify the work, eliminate transverse and longitudinal movements, and allow you to form an even and strong seam without unnecessary effort.
• When the pipe wall thickness is more than 4 millimeters, it is possible to form a root seam, the main feature of which is to fill the area between adjacent edges to the full depth. An alternative to a root seam is a roller analogue, which is identified by a 3 mm bead on top of the seam.
• Checking the quality of the seam. It is tapped with a hammer, which allows you to remove slag inclusions. After this, a visual inspection is carried out; cracks, areas with insufficient penetration, chips, gouges, and burns are not allowed.

If a liquid or other medium under pressure will be transported through pipes, a test run is carried out to determine the tightness.

Source: https://plavitmetall.ru/svarka/trub-elektrosvarkoj.html

How to properly weld profile pipes with your own hands?

Metal structures are made from profile pipes, which are used in various spheres of human life. These can be fences, garage frames, greenhouses. The most reliable way to connect metal parts is welding. Having learned how to weld profile pipes, you can easily make metal structures with your own hands.

Welding profile pipes with argon

Characteristics of profile pipes

Frames from profile pipes are manufactured at various enterprises and workshops. Such products have a number of advantages:

• low price;
• resistance to water;
• no deformation at low or high temperatures.

Profile tubes are made of low-alloy or carbon steel. The cross-section can be square, oval, rectangular, triangular, or complex in shape. The more stiffening ribs, the stronger the parts.

Welding methods

There are certain features that are important to consider before starting welding work:

1. If the diameter of the tube is large, before creating the main seam, the parts to be joined are grabbed at separate points.
2. Carry out work at such a speed that the metal melts, but does not spread.
3. To connect two small-diameter tubes, they are first fixed opposite each other in a vice. The suture is applied without interruption.
4. If the wall thickness of the products is more than 4 mm, chamfer is removed from the connected ends. For this purpose, a special tool is used - a chamfer remover.

When welding, it is important to ensure that molten drops of metal and slag do not get inside the tubes. In place of frozen drops, plaque and debris will accumulate, which will lead to rapid wear of the part.

Contact

An inverter machine is used for contact welding. During the working process, current is passed through the parts, and the master presses the connection with an electrode. The metal melts and a strong seam is formed. Welding of profile pipes with an inverter is used for the manufacture of industrial metal structures.

Electric arc

This welding technology is used to connect parts in hard-to-reach places. To make a strong seam you will need a welding machine and electrodes. Step-by-step instructions for performing the work:

1. Touch the electrode to a metal surface. Wait for the arc to appear and move the tip of the electrode a few millimeters away from the workpiece.
2. Make smooth movements at the joint area so that the metal melts evenly.
3. Don't take breaks. Delays are allowed only for changing electrodes.

When the seam is almost finished, you need to hold the consumable for two seconds at the end point to prevent cracks from appearing.

Electric arc welding of profile pipe

Gas

Before starting work, you need to prepare the following tools:

• reducer for gas cylinder;
• cylinders with oxygen, acetylene;
• gas burner;
• flux powder, filler material;
• several hoses for connecting equipment.

Using this equipment, you can make a strong connection between parts with medium to large wall thickness. Step-by-step instruction:

1. Use a grinder to cut the pipes.
2. Coat the sections with flux.
3. Direct the flame to the area to be joined.
4. Slowly feed the filler material into the heated area.

When the work is completed, you need to clean the finished seam from slag and coat it with an anti-corrosion compound.

Selecting the welding mode and type of electrodes

To weld a profile pipe, you need to properly configure the equipment and select electrodes. The optimal current for melting thin-walled metal is 60 A. This figure can be increased only for thick-walled parts.

There are several types of electrodes:

• MR-3S;
• OZS-12;
• ANO-4;
• UONI-13/55.

Before purchasing, it is advisable to consult with the seller or familiar welders.

Welding Recommendations

When welding pipes with your own hands, you need to follow several rules:

1. To make an even cut, you need to use a grinder with an appropriate disk. Unevenness can be corrected with a file or sandpaper.
2. Scale and rust are removed with a grinding machine.
3. Check the dimensions of the elements. To do this, you need to put them together on a workbench.

When welding is completed, you need to let the seams cool and clean them of slag.

How to weld thin pipes?

Thin-walled products should be welded with one seam, without additional points. To do this, you need to fasten two parts opposite each other at a distance of 2-3 mm and start doing work.

Right angle connection

Not many novice welders know how to weld a profile pipe at 90 degrees. First you need to cut the tubes evenly. Next, the parts are clamped in a vice at the desired angle. Spot rough welding is carried out along the contour of the future seam. Next, you need to check the dimensions so that the angle remains in its original position. After this, weld the parts along the intended contour using a continuous seam.

Right angle welding

Possible mistakes

Sometimes when heated, the profile is burned through. To avoid this, you need to perform a number of actions:

1. Insert a metal block into the pipe that fits the size of the hole.
2. Do not stop the electrode in one place.
3. Reduce output current power.
4. Carry out preliminary spot welding, then connect them with a continuous seam.

You can practice working on rough parts in advance.

Various metal structures are made from profile pipes. To make them yourself, you need to master the workflow using a welding machine. Having familiarized yourself with the nuances, you can make a strong connection without much difficulty.

How to weld a profile pipe without burning it:
HOW TO WELD A PROFILE PIPE AND NOT BURN IT!

How to weld a 1.5 mm profile pipe:
How to weld a 1.5 mm profile pipe

Source: https://trubyda.ru/svarka/profilnyh-trub

How to weld pipes using electric welding, semi-automatic welding, gas

24.02.2019

When installing highways and utility networks, pipeline welding with electric arc or gas equipment is often used. Electric welding of pipes is carried out manually and using semi-automatic machines. The choice of additive is made according to the grade of rolled pipe steel. Taking into account the technological features, low pressure pipelines can be installed independently.

Features of pipe welding

When welding steel pipelines, gas and electric welding are most often used. When installing high-pressure pipe structures, special requirements are placed on electrodes and filler wire. The layering of the joints depends on the wall thickness:

• weld a joint up to 3 mm inclusive at a time;
• over 3 to 6 mm, two penetrations must be made;
• over 6 to 12 mm - create a three-layer connection;
• over 12 mm it is better to go through the joint at least 4 times.

In pipe welding technology there are distinctive features of the choice of operating current:

• amperage is selected according to the diameter of the electrode, multiplying the indicator by 35 (3 mm - 105 A, 4 mm - 140 A);
• when welding pipes with a wall thickness of less than 4 mm, a current exceeding 150 A is not installed;
• between the electrode and the rolled product, a distance equal to the thickness of the electrode plus 1 mm is maintained;
• thin-walled rolled products are welded in one continuous pass, turning the rolled products, thick-walled rolled products can be welded in sections up to 15 cm long;
• vertical and non-rotary joints are welded in two stages;
• The melt pool is located 30° from the top point.

The finishing layer roller should protrude up to 3 mm above the pipe. The quality of the connection is checked after each penetration, when the scale is removed.

How to weld a pipeline correctly and evenly

Pipelines are installed:

1. Butt joint, the pipes are pushed tightly together, the gap is filled with molten metal. Thin-walled gaps are immediately filled completely. When two pipes thicker than 3 mm are welded, several counter penetrations are made, each time starting the seam from a different place.
2. Overlapping, this joining method is convenient for pipe blanks of different thicknesses. When welding metal pipes in this way, the bead forms a smooth transition from one diameter to another.
3. It is convenient to weld a pipe at an angle using electric welding in the lower position. In the upper one, gas welding is used.
4. A T-joint is formed when a pipeline branches or one branch of the main line is cut into another.

The pipe blanks are first connected to each other at several points so that the joint does not diverge. This process is called assembly. Then the entire seam is welded.

Preparing pipes for welding

In addition to cleaning and degreasing the surface, edges thicker than 3 mm are beveled so that the joint is densely filled with hot metal. Cutting edges for welding is carried out similarly to flat parts, at an acute angle. If necessary, thin pipe blanks are processed with a cutter to ensure smooth joints.

Source: https://svarkaprosto.ru/tehnologii/kak-varit-truby

How to fit square pipes for fillet welding

When working with construction or plumbing tasks, you need to know how to cut a pipe evenly with a grinder. In this article we will look at quick and easy ways of how to properly cut a pipe with a grinder so that the result is perfect.

Cutting pipe at an angle of 45 and 90 degrees

If you need to cut a pipe at an angle of 45 degrees, which is often required when laying water and heating pipes.

Often steel and cast iron pipes that have a cylindrical shape are used. In installation work, rectangular or profile pipes are used.

However, you should cut the pipe correctly with a grinder so that you can easily connect it later. Therefore, you should carefully mark the pipe.

Some craftsmen try to mark the cutting area using a tape measure, but we warn you that the result will most likely be negative. And for a positive result, consider the following recommendation from professionals.

Take a sheet of paper or cardboard, preferably A4, fold it diagonally and wrap it around the pipe where you plan to make an even cut. The edges of the paper must be absolutely aligned with each other. And the side of the paper that is closer to the end of the pipe was perpendicular to the axis. Then mark a cutting line in a circle.

If you need to cut exactly at an angle of 90 degrees, then solve the problem quickly using paper or masking tape. Wrap it around the pipe so that the ends match. Make an even mark and saw off.

How to cut a profile pipe evenly?

Craftsmen advise using a square when cutting a profile pipe. To do this, apply the square to the sides one by one, and turn and apply marks with smooth movements. After the steps, secure the pipe and cut. Prepare yourself a template that will be useful in the future and will save time. It is better to carry out the action with a grinder, so the cut will be smoother.

How to cut a cast iron pipe?

When working with cast iron pipe, keep in mind that it is a fragile material. Therefore, we will find a way to cut such metal without damage.

Before starting work, make notes for the cut, as you would when working with steel pipes. Place a wooden beam for support. Run a grinder around the circumference of the pipe, making small cuts. Then take the chisels, insert them into the groove and hit them hard with a hammer. Please note that Bakelite-based cutting discs are used to cut cast iron pipes.

If you don’t have a grinder at hand to cut a cast-iron sewer pipe or other purposes, use a hacksaw, chisels or special pipe cutters.

How to cut a gas pipe?

Cutting a gas pipe is a dangerous action, so it is best to leave it to professionals. But if you are confident in your abilities, then use a grinder, welding, hacksaw, or gas welding to cut metal.

Trimming instructions:

• Before work, turn off the gas supply riser. Then release the rest of the gas from the pipe. To do this, light the gas in the burners and wait for it to go out.
• After these steps, cut. Using a welding method, the metal base burns when exposed to high temperature. The result is fast and effective. But remember that cutting or rooting gas pipes again requires experience.

Methods for cutting large diameter pipes

For cutting large diameter pipes, such as sewer pipes, there are a number of reliable tools available. Next, let's look at some of them in detail:

• The grinder is an inexpensive and accessible option, but it is considered not the safest when working with such materials. If you decide to use this method, be careful and use protective equipment.
• A roller machine (pipe cutter) is a tool adapted for such manipulations. The device is attached and material removal begins. The clamping force is adjusted using mechanical devices. It is important to note that machine models differ in shape, so before use, consider the size relationship with the pipe.
• Gas cutting is the most popular option for cutting larger diameter pipes and sheet metal. The cut occurs due to the action of a high intensity flame, the metal melts and leaves the cut zone with a gas flow. This method is convenient and effective.

How to cut a pipe lengthwise correctly?

A quick way to cut a pipe lengthwise using a grinder:

• Pay main attention to the markings.
• For this case, use painting thread, which is widely used when marking walls.
• Before starting work, secure the pipe and, using small movements, carefully saw the pipe.
• It’s better not to rush, but delicately and slowly process the parts of the pipe, so that the cutting disc does not jump off the marking lines. Remember safety precautions.

How to cut thin-walled pipes?

Thin-walled pipes are made of non-ferrous metals: aluminum, copper. Such work should be done delicately, as there is a high probability of deformation of the material. For cutting, fillers such as sand are used. Actions can be carried out using a grinder or a special machine.

To summarize, we emphasize that cutting metal pipes is a complex process, but every willing craftsman can improve it. Using the advice of professionals, you can easily cope with cutting pipes of various sizes and materials.

Also, do not forget to process the edges of the pipes after cutting with a file or sandpaper. And the most important thing to remember when starting such actions is safety precautions. When starting work, wear a special suit (casing), mask or closed-type glasses.

Your hands should also be reliably protected from sparks, so use thick gloves.

Source: https://stoiportal.ru/kak-podognat-kvadratnye-truby-dlya-uglovoj-svarki.html

How to weld profile pipes efficiently and correctly - recommendations from experts

Welding is a method of connecting parts, which makes it possible to create a structure of the most complex configuration - at any angle and inclination.

Profile pipes are often used to create frames for greenhouses, fences and other fences, gazebos, etc. All metal pipes are connected using various types of welding; when choosing, you need to take into account the wall thickness.

Features and characteristics of profile pipes

Profile pipes are used for the construction of structures for various purposes and are used in furniture production.

The use of metal is justified by low financial costs, the ability of products to retain their shape at high water temperatures and fairly simple installation.

Most often, profile pipes are made from carbon and low-alloy steels. The strength and smoothness of the material, both outside and inside, ensures comfortable operation and durability of the entire created system.

The profile cross-section can be rectangular, square, polyhedron or oval, which provides a high margin of strength against fracture and bending. But precisely because of the cross-sectional features, welding of profile pipes has certain nuances.

Types of welding work for connecting profile pipes

Both the welding method and the features of the preparatory stage of work depend on the wall thickness:

1. For pipes with a wall thickness of 4 mm and above, the ends of the products are processed with a bevel remover - at an angle from 25 to 50 degrees. This will make it possible in the future to create several layers of welding, which ensures reliability and strength of the seam.
2. Thin pipes are welded with one seam. To make it perfect, rigid fixation of the product is recommended. The clamps are removed only after the seam has completely cooled.
3. With a large diameter and thickness, the sections are first grabbed along the contact line and only then the main welding is performed.
4. The speed of work must correspond to the melting of metal without spreading.

Note! During operation, it is important to ensure that slag and drops do not fall into the hole. Liquid metal can get into the inside of the pipe, which will reduce its throughput; plaque will accumulate here, which will inevitably lead to corrosion.

The following types of welding work are used for welding profile pipes:

• contact welding;
• electric arc;
• gas.

Arc welding

The peculiarity of this type of welding work is that it makes it possible to connect pipes even in hard-to-reach places. Performed using a welding machine and electrodes.

When burning, the element begins to melt, melting and enveloping the sections of the joints.

Sequence of work:

1. After the electrode comes into contact with the surface, as soon as the arc appears, the tool is quickly retracted a few millimeters above the cut.
2. The movements are made smoothly along the line of contact, without gaps, so that the metal has time to melt, but does not drip down.
3. The technology provides for constant burning; breaks are allowed only to change the electrode.
4. At the end point, the arc is held for a couple of seconds to prevent the occurrence of cracks or delamination.

For household, that is, low-power, electric welding machines, it is enough to have a connection to single-phase wiring.

The welding transformer is capable of converting alternating current from the house network into direct current, which is necessary for welding. However, the equipment is not able to maintain a constant or stable arc, so a rectifier is often purchased for it.

For beginners, it is most convenient to perform arc welding using an inverter, because in this case a change in the pulse mode is provided, which prevents sticking of the electrode, this ensures a constant current strength, which stabilizes the length of the electric arc.

Arc welding makes it possible to connect pipes in different ways: overlapping, butt welding, at an angle, with a T-weld. In this case, the quality of the connection depends entirely on the choice of electrode.

Gas welding

Used in cases where it is not possible to connect welding equipment to electricity. The method is not unreasonably considered expensive: it is necessary to purchase cylinders with acetylene and oxygen. Work experience is also required.

Gas welding is suitable for connecting pipes with medium or thick walls. Thin products cannot be processed - they melt, deforming the metal, and the seam cannot be made without gaps.

To carry out the work you must have:

• a cylinder with acetylene (butane or propane) and oxygen;
• gearbox,
• gas burner and a set of tips for it;
• additives;
• flux powder;
• hoses of the required length to supply gas to the welding site.

Before welding, the prepared sections are coated with flux. The connection is made using filler wire. According to the technology, it is recommended to connect thin-walled pipes from right to left, with the introduction of an additive following the burner flame. For more than 5 mm - from left to right and the filler material is laid in front of the burner.

After finishing the work and cooling the seams, they are cleaned and coated with an anti-corrosion compound.

contact welding

The resistance welding method requires the use of special equipment. In the process of joining pipes, an electric current is passed through the pressure of the electrodes on the metal surface, as a result of which the metal is deformed and a very strong seam is formed. Such welding is carried out to connect structures of industrial facilities.

Recommendations for welding profile pipes

Experts recommend following the rules when performing welding work when installing structures from profile pipes to create better connections:

• It is better to cut metal with a saw designed specifically for this purpose, so that the cut is smooth without grooves or protrusions. All distortions must be smoothed out before welding begins.
• The metal should not be covered with scale or rust. The surface must be clean and smooth. The work is carried out using a grinding machine or metal brushes.
• Before assembling individual elements, it is recommended to lay out the entire structure and check all main and auxiliary parts for compatibility and dimensions.
• After completing the welding work using fasteners, the seams are allowed to cool and only then removed from their fixation.

How to connect a profile pipe at right angles

First of all, the pipes must be cut correctly and the sections prepared for work. For reliability, all structural elements are fixed so that the pipes do not move under their own weight. Angles, scarves or magnetic squares are used as auxiliary devices for establishing accuracy.

The welding itself is carried out in two stages. First, a rough connection is made, the necessary linear values ​​and the position of the vertical element are checked. After cooling, the finishing seam is made.

Source: https://InfoTruby.ru/soedinenie/svarka-profilnyh-trub

How to weld a pipe under clearance

There are few real specialists in electric arc welding of steel pipes. This work requires meticulous precision and a lot of practice. Welding the root seam is the most critical stage of the process.

The highest quality connection of steel pipes of any size is provided by electric arc welding. The parts being connected melt under the influence of an electric discharge. The article contains visual lessons on welding.

Technology of electric arc welding of metal pipes

Electric arc welding has technological standards and specific features depending on the material, wall thickness and intended purpose of the pipes.

Welding of fixed pipe joints

The connection of fixed joints is carried out in three ways, which depend on the location:

1. vertically;
2. horizontally;
3. at an angle of 45 degrees.

The vertical method includes 4 stages:

1. Welding a pipe to create a root bead. The most important stage is the formation of the joint, which will be the basis for all work. The inclination of the electrode relative to the surface: “backward angle.” The length of the arc should be adjusted: if penetration is insufficient, set it to short; if it is normal, set it to medium. Keeping the weld bead in a liquid state for a long time leads to the occurrence of defects. Therefore, with a large volume of the weld pool, the welding speed is reduced.
2. Welding three beads and sealing. The rollers are performed at high speed. Depending on the direction of the slag, rectangular or “backward angle” welding is used. The top edge of the last roller must have a minimum value up to the top edge. Usually equal to the diameter of the electrode.
3. Forming a lock at the beginning and end of the rollers. The formed lock is the beginning of the roller with a 5 mm offset from the previous one. When making a joint, the roller must be continuous along its entire length.
4. Welding on the front side. It is performed at high speed and aims to form a flat surface. Welding ends when it goes beyond the beginning of the seam.

The horizontal method requires professional skills. It is produced at different welding current values ​​and at different angles to the part. This technique involves three stages:

1. ceiling;
2. vertical;
3. lower.

Within one stage, welding takes place continuously, starting from the “backward angle” position and ending with the “forward angle” position.

Welding at a pipe angle of 45 degrees begins with creating the first bead at an electrode angle of 90 degrees. The seam is made by continuously melting the second roller. After filling the base, the first roller is melted. This creates connections horizontally and vertically.

Welding pipes “under clearance”

The technology provides the following conditions:

1. dullness size: 2-2.5 mm;
2. gap between edges: no more than 3 mm;
3. opening angle: in the range from 60 to 70 degrees;
4. additional processing of edges by chamfering to give them the required shape and eliminate irregularities;
5. the difference in the thickness of the welded walls should not exceed 3 mm or 10%.

Welding of high pressure pipelines

A feature of welding high-pressure pipelines is the need for preheating of the joined elements to 300 degrees C, which is maintained throughout the entire tack and welding process.

When cooking gas pipelines, take into account:

1. That thick-walled pipes are used for gas mains, which increases the overall labor intensity of the work.
2. There are increased demands on the quality and reliability of the weld, so professionals with extensive experience are involved in the work.
3. The entire system as a whole (pipe, as well as joints, welds) must be resistant to corrosion. After the end of cooking, to relieve thermal stress, a section of 10 cm in each direction from the seam is heated to 500-600 degrees C. For this, thermal ovens, induction heaters, and gas burners are used.

When heated, the ends of the pipes are closed to prevent cooling and air movement in the pipe.

Automatic welding

The so-called submerged arc welding involves feeding an electrode wire into the combustion zone of an electric arc using an automatic welding head. In the molten state, the wire metal enters the weld pool and mixes with the base metal.

Automatic welding allows:

1. speed up and stabilize the process;
2. make the arc invisible;
3. expand the range of parts in thickness;
4. make the seams more resistant to the formation of cracks and pores.

Flux has a positive effect on the stability of the arc and the chemical composition of the weld. To carry out automatic welding, the ability to rotate the joint is necessary.

Welding large diameter pipes

In more than half of the cases, the connection of steel main pipelines is carried out using pipe welding machines. When it is impossible to use the mechanical method, for example, due to localization features or limitations in manipulating the pipe, manual welding is used, carried out by a team of welders.

For main pipes with a wall less than 6 mm, two layers of welding seam are used, and more than 6 mm - three. The reverse roller of the root seam can have a height of up to 3 mm.

In those places of the root weld that are welded poorly, additional welding is carried out from the inside of the pipe. This requirement also applies to that part of the root that was made in the ceiling position: the lower quarter of the joint perimeter is welded from the inside.

Rotary joints require welding along the entire perimeter of the joint. Welding is carried out with 3-4 mm electrodes.

Large diameter pipes require the use of special centering equipment.

Welding steel pipes “through transmission” - step-by-step instructions

Pipes with thick walls, in which 2 mm is only the amount of dullness, are welded “through the light”.

Preparation and cutting of edges

The abrasive method is the least reliable due to the introduction of abrasive particles into the metal, which interferes with high-quality melting and leads to the appearance of cracks.

1. Use a double-sided Y-shaped symmetrical groove with an angle of 65 degrees, an optimal amount of bluntness and a gap of 2 mm.

2. When preparing bevel edges, use thermal or mechanical methods. Due to the high cost of thermal cutting (laser, plasma), various types of mechanical processing are used in practice, which make it possible to obtain a plane with high accuracy:

   • processing on a milling machine;
   • manual bevel processing;
   • cutting using abrasive wheels;
   • processing with slotting-type edge cutters.
3. Clean the joints of the welded products to white metal. There should be no irregularities, burrs or rust left.
4. Treat surfaces with acetone or any similar substance. The presence of grease, dirt, and dust prevents the high-quality connection of metal molecules.

Centering and joining of pipes

1. Centering and joining of small-diameter products is carried out by fixing them using improvised means or using assistants.
2. Center large pipes (from 60 mm) with special equipment - a centralizer: internal or external. Both have an electro-hydraulic drive.

   Internal ones are more preferable due to the fact that when they are used, the joint remains uncovered. This allows the use of automatic welding machines, and also does not limit manipulations during manual connection.

3. Do not allow deviations when using the manual alignment method. It is impossible to dock perfectly without a centralizer, but try to minimize the deviation.

4. Having connected the pipes exactly, proceed to welding the root seam.

Root welding

1. Cook the seam under the following conditions:
   • minimum current;
   • reverse polarity;
   • short electric arc;
   • dry electrodes;
   • lack of wind in the pipe.
2. Cook vertically, the electrode is perpendicular to the plane.
3. Use an electrode to melt the edges - a bridge will appear between them, which is called a weld pool.

   In front of the jumper there is a so-called technological window.

4. Carefully monitor the size of the technological window: throughout the entire process it should remain the same diameter.
5. Make a root seam no more than 1 mm high. The return roller should also not exceed this value.

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6. Clean the beginning and end of the seam and the transition area between the electrodes to avoid the formation of pores in the metal, the presence of which will sooner or later lead to loss of the pipe’s tightness.

Filling and capping of the weld

1. After welding the root, fill the entire seam section.
2. Depending on the wall thickness and material, use a single-layer or multi-layer penetration method.
3. The movement of the electrode during filling is a triangle: edge 1 - edge 2 - technological window.

4. Pay attention to the heating of the edges and root seam. The greater the heating, the wider the filling step.
5. After each layer, clean the surface of slag.
6. If you have the skill, and if the wall diameter allows, fill and cover in one pass.

Clearance pipe welding lesson

Welding special gas pipes for transporting high-pressure contents places increased demands on the process.

Gas pipe welding technology

Features of welding pipes for transporting high-pressure trains are determined by two characteristics:

1. Thick walls and small diameter.
2. Aggressive effects of transported gases.

Pipes up to 10 cm in diameter are welded manually, above - using semi- or automatic welding with manual welding of the root of the seam. For diameters greater than 6 cm, special rings are used. The weld is made multi-layered - from 4 layers and above, depending on the load on the pipeline and the characteristics of the material. After completing the work, a mandatory inspection is carried out - flaw detection inside and outside the welding site.

Yulia Petrichenko, expert

gas pipe welding lesson

1. A large current when cooking the root leads to the formation of a hole instead of a technological window through which the metal will drip down. Provide a current of such strength that the metal has time to cool literally immediately after the movement of the electrode.
2. If the process window is not visible, most likely the current strength is too low, and it must be increased.
3. A small bluntness leads to an increase in the technological window and to sagging of the metal inside the pipe.
4. A gap of more than 2 mm guarantees the appearance of pores in the seam - the work will be unsatisfactory.
5. When welding with an electrode, you cannot make jump movements of more than 5 mm in length.

Welding steel pipes is not an easy task for a beginner.

With practice will come experience and an intuitive feeling of what should be done and at what moment in order for the weld to come out perfect.

Perhaps you are a professional welder and have something to share with your readers. Leave your opinions in the comments.

Source: http://ProTryby.ru/kak-varit-trubu-pod-prosvet

Pipe welding technology

A pipeline means an engineering communication in which the working substance is supplied through pipes (water, gas, oil, etc.).

To ensure a high-quality supply, it is necessary not only to lay it correctly, but also to carry out repair and maintenance work from time to time. Here you just can’t do without joining the elements together.

Let's look at what pipe welding is, how to weld pipes using electric welding, and what techniques need to be applied in practice to create a sealed pipeline.

Types of pipelines and welding

There are a huge number of pipelines that are used to move different materials and working fluids. Based on their purpose, there is the following classification:

• technological;
• main lines;
• industrial;
• gas supply pipelines;
• water;
• sewer.

In the manufacture of pipelines, various materials are used - ceramics, plastic, concrete and various types of metals.

Modern welders use three main methods for joining pipes:

1. Mechanical is carried out due to explosions as a result of friction.
2. Thermal, which is carried out by melting, for example by gas welding, plasma or electric beam.
3. Thermo-mechanical is produced by a magnetically controlled arc using the butt contact method.

There are many types of welding, which are divided into many classifications. Before you weld pipes, you need to figure out what is the best way to do it. Theoretically, each type is suitable for welding pipes of small and large diameters.

It can be carried out by melting and pressure. Melting methods include electric arc and gas welding, and pressure methods include gas press, cold, ultrasonic and contact.

The most common methods for connecting communications are manual electric arc and mechanized.

Welding pipes using electric welding with consumable and non-consumable electrodes

It is most effective to weld technological pipelines with an electrode manually or using an automatic machine. This can be a method of working with a consumable or non-consumable electrode (argon-arc welding). Pipe welding technology is implemented in three main stages:

1. Preparatory, which is divided into two parts - preparation of the master and preparation of the material. The preparation of a welder should be taken very seriously, since his safety depends on it. Be sure to prepare special clothing and a protective eye mask to prevent burns from bright sparks. By preparing parts we mean thoroughly cleaning pipes for welding from corrosion, paint and contaminants. Before manual arc welding of pipelines, you need to thoroughly treat the joints and the area adjacent to them with a metal brush or sandpaper. If this is not done, there may be “gaps” in the seam itself, since the material will not “get caught” on the contaminated pipe.
2. Welding process. When everything is ready, you can start. The most important thing in the arc method (whether it is done manually or with an inverter) is to hold the arc. First you need to ignite the electrode and initiate the arc. Then the seam is fully completed. Its type is selected directly by the master during the work process. The method of guiding the electrode and the technology of pipeline welding in general is influenced by many factors - the location of the pipes, the material they are made of, and the preferences of the welder.
3. Checking the quality of work. When the seam is ready (do not forget to beat off the slag that forms above it in the form of a roller), you can start communication to control the quality of the connection.

The technology for welding water pipes, gas pipelines and other utilities is almost the same. It is important to follow the sequence of actions and take into account the types of seams in different positions, since the quality of communication will depend on the ability to weld them.

How to join pipes

For a beginner who wants to master welding perfectly, it is necessary to know all the intricacies of this process. There are more than 30 methods for welding two pipes. Let's look at the most common pipe welding methods:

• in the corner;
• in the Taurus (perpendicular to each other);
• into the joint;
• overlap

The type of pipe joining is selected depending on the type of metal, type of welding and nature of communication. For example, pipes for a central heating system are most often connected end-to-end using electric welding. For a high-quality seam, the main thing is to make penetration throughout the entire thickness of the product.

A major role in the technique of welding pipes using manual arc welding is played by seam types, which are classified into four main groups:

• horizontal;
• lower;
• vertical;
• ceiling

Each of these methods has its own implementation technology. The most convenient and easiest way to make a quality connection is the bottom position. If it is possible to move and rotate the element, then the master tries to install them in the lower position.

At the same time, during operation, the metal does not flow down, as with a vertical seam, and does not splash to the sides, as with a ceiling position. Welding of process pipelines is carried out using all these types, since communications have many branches.

Based on the type of seam duration on the pipeline, they are divided into continuous and intermittent seams.