How to properly clean coins

How to clean coins: a review of cleaning products

Coins are made from different metals and their alloys. Under the influence of external factors (such as humidity, temperature, friction and the presence of aggressive salts), the appearance of products deteriorates.

They show signs of oxidation and corrosion, which reduces the value of old and collectible pieces. Knowing how to clean coins, you can return them to their presentation without damage.

After reading the contents of this article, you will learn important secrets of coin restorers that you can easily apply in your own practice.

Basic approaches to cleansing

There are proven technologies that can easily clean dirty and damaged coins at home. However, before you begin to restore the original appearance of the product, you should wash the coin with ordinary water and toothpaste using a brush. After this, it is important to establish the following:

• metal or alloy from which the specimen is made;
• does the coin contain a metal core and what is the degree of its preservation;
• the nature of salt deposits (oxides, patina) on the surface.

Very important! Before starting cleaning, it is necessary to identify the presence of copper chloride particles on the surface of iron objects. This compound actively penetrates into the smallest pores of a metal product and aggressively corrodes it in a humid environment. Therefore, all efforts may be in vain if you do not first remove all the ingrained copper chloride.

To achieve better results, it is recommended to use a humidification chamber. In such a chamber, copper chloride will manifest itself in the form of small drops with a greenish tint appearing on the surface of the coin.

If you clean old coins at home and do not have a humidifying chamber, then do not worry. Modern methods used to clean coins can remove all aggressive oxides, even when used by novice collectors.

Cleaning depending on the metal

Different drugs may behave differently when interacting with different metals. Therefore, to achieve the best result, you should choose a method and means based on the composition of the coin. Basic cleaning methods:

• chemical;
• mechanical;
• electrochemical;
• combined.

Cleaning gold and silver items

Such specimens have always been considered the most valuable due to the high cost of raw materials. Therefore, gold and silver in private collections are representatives of the class of ancient coins or limited bank series dedicated to significant events.  

Due to the increased sensitivity of both metals to chemical and mechanical stress, cleaning antique gold and silver coins should be done with gentle but effective means, without increased physical pressure on them.

The best way is to clean it in a 5% sulfuric acid solution, which is recommended to be heated slightly. When horny silver forms on specimens without a metal core, it is recommended to immerse them in a 10% ammonia solution.

The electrochemical method is used in the presence of a metal core. Aluminum or zinc plates with numerous holes are used here. The electrolyte is formic acid. The coins are placed between the plates and completely immersed in the reagent until the desired result is achieved.

New or not too contaminated gold that has not been in the ground for several years does not need a thorough and step-by-step cleaning. Often it is enough to wipe the surface with a swab soaked in acetone, gasoline, ammonia, or you can briefly dip it in a solution of citric or formic acid.

Cleaning copper products

Copper coins become coated with a dense layer of bright red copper oxide over time due to their metallic core. To remove it, you need to make a 15% ammonia solution, into which the items to be cleaned are completely immersed. Do not allow even partial contact of the coin with air during cleaning.

Copper salts leave traces on the surface in the form of a green coating. A 10% citric acid solution effectively washes away such deposits. The object is placed in the prepared medium until the salts are completely dissolved.

If the copper surface is covered with a yellowish coating, then this indicates the presence of lead deposits resulting from the presence of lead in the alloy, or from long-term close proximity to lead objects. Eliminated with a 10% acetic acid solution.

Pay special attention! To speed up and improve the quality of the dry cleaning process of any metal, when using various solutions, it is recommended to periodically remove the product to be cleaned from the reagent and clean it of softened deposits through mechanical action.

Finishing cleaning

The final step in cleaning any deposits is the usual boiling of the items in a large amount of distilled water. You will need several liters per cycle. This procedure is repeated several times until the auxiliary materials are completely removed from the surface of the iron products. Afterwards the coins must be dried.

The result is strengthened if a polishing coating of paraffin or resins is applied, after which the coins are stored in individual cells. It is not recommended to allow them to contact each other.

Modern progressive means

If you are undecided on which product is best to clean coins, then it is better to contact a trusted supplier for help. Purchasing from dubious resources is fraught not only with the fruitless loss of money and time, but can also pose the threat of causing even greater harm to your collectible items.

The website of the Filtorg online store offers a wide range of effective and safe products for cleaning and processing coins. All you need to work with them is to follow the manufacturer's recommendations. No technical equipment or laboratory conditions are needed. Efficiency in work and loyal pricing policy will pleasantly surprise you. An overview of the most popular and effective products is presented below.

Paste "Asidol-M"

Produced by the domestic manufacturer Lenbythim for cleaning various products made from a wide range of metals. The paste has an unlimited validity period and consists of a fine abrasive and a surfactant. The product is universal and applicable for all types of coins, with the exception of especially valuable and rare ones. "Asidol-M" is suitable for cleaning coins and other precious items. metals, stainless steel, chrome and non-ferrous metals. Cleans coins perfectly and carefully.

Pasta "USSR"

The paste from the Russian manufacturer “Shine Coins” is intended for use on products made of bronze, brass and copper. The composition contains nanodispersed abrasive, as well as auxiliary substances.

Sodium potassium tartrate and sodium bicarbonate enhance the effect of use. The paste does not have a pungent odor, which makes the procedure pleasant. Cleaning coins will be quick. To do this, you just need to shake the product in a jar and apply it to a cotton pad.

After use, the product must be rinsed under running water.

Another top product from Shine Coins. In it, organic acids act as auxiliary substances to the base nanodisperse abrasive. It is as easy to use as the previous one. Recommended for cleaning galvanic and bimetallic items.

A real find for treasure hunters from Shine Coins. Thanks to the oxidizer from higher oxides of transition metals, as well as substances that inhibit corrosion, copper coins will be cleaned of all contaminants caused by insoluble salts in a matter of minutes. Due to the presence of active acids in the composition of the product, it is necessary to work with it using special gloves.

Trilon B powder

Produced by the Russian manufacturer “Shine Coins” in the form of a white powder. Refers to budget products for cleaning dug coins minted from a single metal. One teaspoon of powder is dissolved in a glass of hot water.

After the product has completely dissolved, the coins are placed in a container with the solution for at least 5 minutes. Cleaning time increases depending on the degree of contamination. For the correct result, the product should be placed on its edge.

Gloves are not needed to work with Trilon B, but the product irritates the mucous membranes, so you need to protect your eyes when working with it.

Coin passivation product from Shine Coins

This product is advanced in the domestic market, it is used to achieve the best protection of metal coins from corrosion. The paste is based on petroleum oil and anti-corrosion substances.

The product is easy to use: you need to apply it on a cotton pad in a small amount and thoroughly rub it into the surface of the coin. Remove any residue with a clean piece of cloth.

This passivation method will reliably protect the metal surface from tarnishing, and the coin will shine like new.

Nano patina product

The composition based on copper sulfate and acid ensures quick and high-quality cleansing. The instructions for use are simple and require heating the product to room temperature. “Nano Patina” is applied to a degreased surface without increased pressure. After 10 minutes of drying, the coin must be rinsed with a cold neutral liquid - water.

Mirror surface restorer from Shine Coins

It is a powerful solution based on a complexing agent and acid. Used to remove patina and fingerprints from silver coins. Provides restoration of the original natural shine. It is necessary to work with the reducing agent only with gloves. The principle of operation is simple: place a coin in the product for 5 seconds, then rinse it under water.

The Filtorg.ru website is an assistant for numismatists of any level. Here you can not only purchase new items for your collection, but also learn how to properly care for coins.

materials on the topic

Source: https://Filtorg.ru/articles/kak-pochistit-monety-vybor-pravilnogo-sredstva/

When and how to teach your baby to brush his teeth - useful tips and life hacks

With the birth of a baby, a million questions arise in a mother’s head. One of them is related to infant oral hygiene. Teaching a child to brush their teeth is not an easy task, but it is necessary. However, when and how best to do this is still the most common question

The lion's share of young mothers do not consider brushing children's teeth something obligatory, because baby teeth will still be replaced. However, dentists have a different opinion on this matter. They claim that if you neglect your baby teeth, you will not be able to avoid oral diseases in the future. Even newborn children need oral care, otherwise there is a risk of developing caries or periodontitis. This is fraught with the fact that the germ of a permanent tooth will be damaged.

The fact is that the enamel of children's teeth is much thinner than that of adults. Because of this, caries diseases develop faster in children. The development of caries will lead to toothache and discomfort, and, accordingly, to premature removal of the baby tooth. And this, in turn, is dangerous because the permanent teeth will be crooked.

When to start brushing your teeth

The same dentists say: you need to take care of your child’s oral cavity from birth. They believe that microbes accumulate on the gums and tongue, causing inflammation. But one can argue with this statement.

Dentists usually do not take into account the type of feeding of the child. So, breastfeeding cannot harm the baby. But a baby drinking formula from a bottle really needs oral hygiene from infancy. However, this is only necessary in cases where the child often has stomatitis or thrush.

Important! A white coating on the tongue of a baby who feeds exclusively on mother's milk is considered normal! There is no need to clean the child's mouth using various devices.

In other situations, you shouldn’t try to get into the baby’s mouth. Firstly, after 4 months, teeth begin to cut, and attempts to clean the gums can be painful. Secondly, in this way you can cause a lasting aversion to the toothbrush in the future.

It is best to start brushing your baby’s teeth only after the first tooth has erupted. This event usually occurs 4-5 months after birth, but some children do not develop teeth until they are one year old.

How to brush your teeth

Having decided to introduce a hygiene procedure into your daily schedule, you need to choose products that will help clean the oral cavity. The choice is quite wide, so any mother will be able to choose the most suitable devices for her child.

Brush

Manufacturers of children's products today offer a lot of options for every taste:

1. Finger napkins. The product is impregnated with xylitol and is designed to cleanse the entire oral cavity, prevent the growth of bacteria and the development of caries. Sold in a pharmacy.
2. Dental wipes. A variation of the first remedy. Also intended for oral care and disease prevention. Napkins with fruit flavors are available for sale, but they are quite expensive.
3. Silicone fingertip. The most common device for cleaning teeth and gums. On one side there is a miniature silicone brush, which is convenient for cleaning both teeth and gums.

If necessary, mother can independently make a device for cleaning the oral cavity from a regular bandage. It is necessary to build a small tampon, wrap it in gauze or bandage, and moisten it in warm water before use.

Important! After 6 months, it is advisable to purchase a special toothbrush with a small handle and soft bristles.

Toothpaste

Until 7-8 months, a child does not need toothpaste. The task is to simply clean the oral cavity of bacteria using wipes or a brush. But after a year, you can teach your baby to brush his teeth with a special product. In this area, manufacturers also offer a huge selection:

1. Gel for teeth. This product is purchased if the baby is still breastfed and has not tried complementary feeding. The taste of this gel is reminiscent of mother’s milk, so there will be no negativity on the part of the child.
2. Children's paste. It has a fruity taste. Allowed for children who are already receiving complementary foods.

Every manufacturer of children's products has a toothpaste in their line that is suitable for a child's age. The main thing is to choose a soft product, without abrasives.

Important! In no case should the composition of baby toothpaste contain fluoride. Children swallow small amounts of the product, and fluoride tends to accumulate in the body.

How to properly brush your child's teeth

So that at a more conscious age the child does not experience hostility when brushing his teeth, it is necessary to teach him to do it correctly from the first procedure. You need to brush your teeth 2 times a day, for 2-3 minutes. For children under two years old, this time can be reduced to 1 minute.

To prevent the early development of caries and prevent the abrasion of enamel, parents must clearly explain and show the child the correct algorithm for brushing teeth:

1. The brush should be moistened in warm water.
2. The brush must be inserted into the mouth at an angle of 45 degrees.
3. The front teeth are brushed with circular movements, the molars are brushed with “sweeping” movements.
4. Do not press on the brush while cleaning.
5. Clean your tongue with the back of the device.

Also, parents should be sure to teach their child to spit out toothpaste and rinse his mouth well. If the baby does not show interest in the process, you will have to interest him. It is necessary to introduce an element of play into the procedure, brush your teeth together in the morning and evening, and buy bright cleaning accessories.

For example, there are interesting toothbrushes for children with hourglasses or favorite cartoon characters on sale. Over time, the baby will want to become independent, and the mother will only have to control the process.

Conclusion

The first teeth, although temporary, contribute to the correct development of the bite. Only proper oral care guarantees healthy, beautiful teeth in the future. Hygienic procedures twice a day prevent the development of dental diseases, so special attention should be paid to brushing your teeth.

Source: https://nyamkin.ru/advice/kogda-i-kak-nuzhno-priuchat-chistit-zubki-malyshu

Microfiber cloth and avoidance of harsh chemicals: 5 tips on how to properly clean your computer

The computer has recently become a necessary tool for work and pastime. But some people underestimate the level of germs that appear as a result of using equipment. There is so much dirt that collects on the screen, and even more so on the keyboard, that it can be hazardous to health. This is why it is necessary to clean your computer periodically. Here are life hacks that will help you with this.

Use microfiber to clean the screen

In order to clean the surface of the screen without damaging it, you will need a special microfiber cloth (these are now sold in stores, their purpose is indicated on the label).

This way you can not only remove a layer of dust and dirt without scratching the surface, but also without leaving streaks and lint from the fabric. For example, if you use any other fabric, these “effects” will be guaranteed.

There are also special wipes that are designed specifically for cleaning the monitor.

Don't use chemicals

Under no circumstances should you use chemicals to clean the monitor, especially if we are talking about aggressive abrasives. Not only can you scratch the screen, but you also risk complicating the situation with a more global breakdown. Therefore, take plain water and wipe the monitor with a wet microfiber cloth. If the screen has not been wiped for a long time and is very dirty, you can make a solution of water and vinegar, where both liquids will be present in equal parts.

Get rid of scratches with toothpaste

You've probably heard that you can polish multiple surfaces with toothpaste. It turns out that the computer monitor is no exception. Apply a small amount of toothpaste to the scratch and leave it on for a few minutes. Then carefully remove the paste using a damp microfiber cloth. Lightly wash the area to ensure there is no residue. There will be no trace left of the scratch.

Use a hair dryer or vacuum cleaner

The keyboard needs special cleaning as it accumulates a lot of dirt and dust. To do this, you can use an ordinary hairdryer, fan or vacuum cleaner. A hairdryer and a fan will help use air flow to “blow up” dust that cannot be reached with a rag. A vacuum cleaner (make sure that the attachment is as neat as possible and that the vacuum cleaner is not too powerful, as this can cause damage) will collect all the dust and “free” the keyboard from debris.

Clean the keyboard with a knife or card

You've probably noticed how difficult it can be to get dirt between the keyboard keys, as well as in all the recesses. In order to get to those hard-to-reach places that cannot be cleaned with a simple rag, you need to use a knife or a plastic card.

Use the sharp tip of a knife or card to go through all the indentations. Do this especially carefully, without missing a single section. Then you can take a vacuum cleaner and carefully collect all the dirt from the surface.

And after that, it would be a good idea to go over the entire keyboard with a damp microfiber cloth.

Conclusion

If you want your equipment to not break down for a long time, you need to carefully care for it. Do not forget that such measures will be useful not only for the computer, but also for yourself. The amount of germs that settle as dirt on surfaces can lead to serious illnesses.

Therefore, do preventive maintenance and carry out “major cleaning” as often as possible. This way, you don't have to make multiple efforts to keep your computer sparkling clean at all times. A smart solution would also be to use cleaning services in specialized workshops.

There you will be able to wash not only the outside, but also clean the internal parts.

Source: https://www.nastroy.net/post/tkan-iz-mikrofibry-i-otkaz-ot-agressivnyh-himikatov-5-sovetov-kak-pravilno-pochistit-kompyuter

You can simply clean old coins from dirt and oxides at home

Often in films about pirates and treasures, you can see the following picture: a found chest opens, spreading the glow of gold coins.

The reality, unfortunately, is that coins that are discovered in hiding places under old floorboards are not always made of gold. But this does not mean that they have no value. But before you know it, you need to clean the treasure thoroughly.

Do old coins need cleaning?

The following contaminants may appear on metal money:

• dirty fingerprints;
• rust;
• dirt;
• oxides.

That is why there is a desire to give them the proper appearance.
But is it worth doing? Do not rush to clean the money; it often happens that it will be valued much more expensive with the imprints of time on it.

This happens because during cleaning, various defects may appear that were previously not visible due to a layer of dirt.

Before you begin the procedure, you need to find out the following:

• what metal served as the basis for the coin;
• degree of damage;
• its value.

The following metals are most often used for coining money:

• gold;
• silver;
• copper;
• platinum;
• iron;
• aluminum;
• zinc;
• nickel.

.Platinum and gold are inert. Since they are not capable of rusting or oxidizing, they do not require cleaning. They can only be washed in soapy water.

The use of any abrasive products and brushes with hard bristles is prohibited. Because they can scratch the metal.

Silver can oxidize and therefore needs to be cleaned. To select a suitable product, you need to determine its sample. Since different oxides may appear on metals of low and high standards.

If you need to clean high-grade silver, you will need ammonia for this, and for low-grade silver, Trilon B is used. It is prohibited to use abrasive substances.

Brown or black streaks may appear on copper coins. No cleaning needed here. Since the cobweb confirms its authenticity, gives it nobility, in addition, it is able to protect the coin from the influences of the external environment.

An uneven web, of course, can be cleaned, but there may be damage under the oxide layer.

Bronze can be cleaned similarly to copper.

For aluminum, iron and zinc, you can use a composition such as Reinigungsbad from Silbo. Such metal must not be washed with soapy water, acid or alkali.

Which method is suitable for any metals?

First of all, you should wash the coin thoroughly. You can use any baby soap for this. It should be rubbed gently with your fingers, and then rinsed and dried. This often helps remove dirt, grease and fingerprints from its surface.

Gold and platinum items may be damaged by other treatments, so if you are dealing with more stubborn stains, you should soak it in soapy water for 6-8 hours.

These tips will help novice collectors and connoisseurs of antiquities not to make mistakes. But, before embarking on such a serious procedure, it is best to consult with a specialist who will help assess the condition of the coin.

Source: https://freegameinfo.ru/sovety-dlya-doma/kak-pravilno-chistit-monety-v-domashn

How to quickly and easily remove scales from crucian carp: how to properly clean at home, how to remove gills, how to cut for frying

Fish dishes are very healthy and tasty. Especially if this fish is crucian carp, and it was caught with one’s own hands. But not many connoisseurs like to clean fish at home before cooking. There are methods for quickly and easily cleaning crucian carp from scales and entrails, which will be discussed later in the article.

Rules for processing and preparing fish

Before you start cleaning crucian carp, it must be properly prepared for this procedure. Experts recommend using some tips to make the cleaning process easier and faster.

Important! To speed up the process of thawing crucian carp, it is recommended to place them in salted cold water, so that the carcass does not soften and does not absorb excess moisture.

These include:

• It is advisable to clean freshly caught fish from scales;
• if it is not possible to immediately clean the crucian carp, it is better to wrap it in plastic wrap and put it in the freezer;
• a live fish must be stunned by hitting the head with a knife handle or a kitchen hammer;
• for convenience, you can use fabric gloves (so that the fish does not slip out) or a special cutting board with a clamp for the fish tail;
• It is recommended to purchase medium-sized crucian carp - they are easier to clean and contain fewer bones;
• the product must be defrosted naturally;
• It is easier and more convenient to clean fish that is not completely defrosted.

Required Tools

To quickly and easily rid a crucian carp of scales and giblets, it is advisable to acquire the necessary tools.

Namely such as:

• cutting board;
• table knife for all basic manipulations;
• kitchen scissors for removing fins;
• bone tongs;
• pure water;
• large capacity for carcass.

Also, at the end of the work, you can use a vinegar solution or squeezed lemon juice, wiping the used equipment and hands with them to eliminate the unpleasant odor.

Methods for cleaning crucian carp

The principle of cleaning crucian carp occurs in a certain sequence. For greater convenience, experts advise first removing the scales from the fish, then taking out the insides, washing thoroughly in clean water several times, if necessary, cutting into pieces, placing in a colander and letting the water drain. In cases where carcasses will be prepared without heads, they need to be cut off and the gills removed. Also, at the very beginning, you can use scissors to cut out the fin on the spine.

From scales

You can correctly remove scales on the body of a crucian carp as follows:

1. Use scissors to trim all fins to avoid pricking yourself.
2. On a cutting board, secure the tail of the fish with a clamp or nail it with a knife.
3. It is necessary to remove the scales in the direction from the tail to the head with a knife (the blunt part), fork, grater, fish scaler or other object.
4. It is advisable to do this work under running water or in a large container so that the scales do not fly apart in different directions.

For better comfort, fresh fish can be doused with boiling water or placed in a weak vinegar solution for several hours. Thanks to this procedure, the scales will be easier to remove from the carcass.

Removal of gills and gutting

The next step in cleaning crucian carp is removing the gills and offal. It is very important, because if you incorrectly remove the entrails from the carcass, damaging the gall bladder, the meat will be bitter and unsuitable for consumption.

Therefore, you should adhere to these recommendations:

1. Make a shallow incision in the direction from head to tail on the belly.
2. Carefully remove all the insides and black film.
3. Wash the carcass thoroughly in clean water, removing any remaining scales and mucus.
4. Then use a knife to cut the bridge between the head and body of the fish and remove the gills.

How to cut fish for frying

After all the manipulations carried out, the last step is cutting the carcass for frying. To do this, you need to make transverse or diagonal cuts on both sides of the body every 0.5 cm. Thanks to these actions, the small bones in the meat will be crushed, softened during heat treatment and will not prick when consumed.

Read also the description and characteristics of silver crucian carp.

Proper cleaning of a representative of the carp family from scales and offal plays a very important role in the future. After all, how well this work is done will determine the taste of the prepared fish dish.

Source: https://fermer.blog/bok/rybovodstvo/ryby/karas/17197-kak-pochistit-karasja.html