How to properly cut threads with dies and taps - instructions
Often, when performing home repairs, it becomes necessary to make threads - external or internal. In order not to involve specialists in this, but to do it yourself, you need to purchase a special tool. Cutting with dies and taps does not require any special skills or abilities. It is enough to know their types and technical parameters.
A little about the features of the tool
The first step is to decide on the type of thread. It is divided into 2 main types: metric and inch. The first one with the left direction is most often used. In order not to measure the distance between the grooves, you can find out the type by the shape. A metric thread in cross-section is an equilateral triangle, and an inch thread is an isosceles one.
Types of thread
Which products use a certain type of thread? Fasteners use metric, while water pipes use inch. In addition, you need to take into account the following factors that influence the process of cutting connecting elements.
- If the thread is intended to be connected to a finished part, its geometric dimensions must be appropriate.
- When manufacturing complete fasteners, it is recommended to use the metric type.
- The diameter of the workpiece must be different from the thread size. For the outside - to a lesser extent, for the inside - to a greater extent.
Self-cutting of threaded connections is carried out using dies and taps. They are made of high-strength steel with a standardized working fluid size.
Outdoor
The die is a nut with internal slots and external clamps for turning the tool. It can be of various shapes - round, square or hexagonal. If the work is carried out at home, you will need a vice to fix the part.
Die holder and dies
Before performing work, the main thing is to choose the correct diameter of the workpiece. It should be 0.2-0.3 mm smaller than the size of the future thread. For metric, you can use the data from the table.
The workpiece should be prepared in advance. If its cross-section is not a circle, you need to turn it. Then a conical chamfer is removed from the end part to mark the first turn of the thread.
Next you need to follow the instructions exactly:
- Having secured the workpiece in a vice, the correctness of its location is checked.
- Installing the die into the die holder. Its surface must be in the same plane as the surface of the workpiece end.
- The first turn is performed with little effort. It is important to make turns in the right direction.
- Having reached the lower limit, the die must be turned in the opposite direction.
External thread cutting
One such pass will not be enough to form a thread with good geometry. It is recommended to repeat the procedure 3-4 times until the die is freely screwed onto the workpiece. To check the quality, tighten a nut of the appropriate diameter. If force is observed, you can treat the outer part of the workpiece with fine-grained sandpaper.
Internal
Taps must be used to form internal threads. They are a cylinder with an external notch. If you need to process small parts with a diameter of up to 20 mm, you can use a manual type of tap. Larger sizes require machining using a machine.
Working with a tap
It is best to use a complete set of taps. It includes three parts that are designed for roughing, intermediate and finishing threaded holes. If you have a drill in your home kit, it is recommended to purchase taps with a tail mount.
The workpiece should be fixed. If this is a large-sized part, this can be done using clamps. For small products, a vice is used. Having secured the part, its location relative to the tap is checked.
The axis of the latter must be strictly perpendicular to the plane of the workpiece. The first pass will be made with great effort. Do not forget that for this you need to use a rough cutting tap. Having formed the primary thread, a tap is used for the intermediate thread.
And only after it can you begin final processing.
To reduce friction, specialists use solid oil or a similar product. In this way, mechanical damage to the part can be avoided. The formed thread must have the same geometry along its entire length. Otherwise, the connection strength may be lost.
Source: https://ismith.ru/metalworking/narezanie-rezby/
A die for cutting threads on pipes: how is it different from a die?
Despite the widespread dominance of polypropylene pipes, metal plumbing and heating systems are still in demand.
This means that when laying steel pipelines you will need tools for processing them. One such tool is a thread cutting die. With its help, work on pipes is carried out quickly and with professional quality.
What tools are used to cut external pipe threads?
The list is not long:
- Lathe.
- Mechanical or electrical clamp.
- Die (aka lerka).
In addition to a file, you will need a lathe or a lathe. This is not a joke: in industrial conditions, coils are actually cut using a machine. Especially if pipe threading occurs internally.
Processing on the outer surface is also possible if the workpiece is not too long. Using a die on a machine is undesirable (although it is possible); a cutter is used for cutting threads.
The advantage of a lathe: it is the only external thread cutting tool that can correctly form the conical shape of a joint. No manual threading kit can consistently increase the diameter of each subsequent turn.
This type of cutting, after tightening, creates a strong and tight joint that works on the principle of a Morse cone. The disadvantage of a lathe is obvious: not everyone has such a machine at home. Maximum mechanization is a portable electric clamp.
Even 20 years ago, when normal tools were in short supply, home mechanics actively used ordinary dies. A die for cutting threads could be borrowed for a short time, and it was taken to process pipes already laid along the walls.
The die (unlike the die) was made entirely of hardened alloy steel, and did its job properly as part of 2-3 pass-through sets: each subsequent number cuts deeper and deeper turns.
With the help of a die or a die (in common parlance - a “lerk”), only cylindrical threads are cut. It allows you to adjust the length of the joint, but does not ensure tightness without sealing materials.
Actually, what is a klupp, and how does it differ from a lerka?
The die (deck) is a monolithic structure. On the one hand, this allows you to cut threads with high precision. The other side of the coin is that the large diameter (and therefore circumference) of the pipe creates a huge load.
If the body of the blade is made softer to relieve tension, the incisors will instantly become dull. A compromise option is a spring die with a cut in the body.
This solution prolongs the life of the nozzle, but cannot ensure cutting accuracy: after all, the dissected blade has some play.
How to properly cut turns on a water pipe?
If you are laying a new section in the heating (water supply) system, cutting can be done on a workbench. The workpiece is positioned strictly horizontally (or vertically) using a special vice.
Even a hand tool, be it a threading die or a wrench with a die, creates an impressive torque. Therefore, to cut a thread on a water pipe with your own hands, you need to clamp it tightly.
If the workpiece rotates, the turns can be damaged. Many home craftsmen use for fixing not a vice with a dovetail clamp, but decommissioned supports from old lathes.
After taking measurements, cut the pipe taking into account the processing of the end for the entry of the die (die). Then the length of the threaded connection is marked: for example, on a heating pipe, at the point of connection with the radiator, it is necessary to provide a bend.
Before cutting begins, the end is processed with a file under a cone, for normal entry of the die or die.
If this is not done, the entry will be made skewed, and after a couple of turns, the thread will be torn off. It is impossible to restore the damaged area; the pipe will have to be cut.
Die work
Using this tool, you can easily cut turns on a pipe around which there are no objects within a radius of 50 cm. Either from the end or from the side, there should be room for a wrench.
Of course, it is not always possible to get close to the pipeline system, especially when carrying out repair work. There are models of cranks with one handle that can be used to cut threads along the wall: the so-called ratchets.
But the configuration of the die itself does not allow holding the device strictly along the axis. If the force on the cutters is uneven (and with one lever it cannot be otherwise), there is a risk of screwing up the turns.
Therefore, before cutting threads with a ratchet, you should practice several times on unnecessary pieces of pipe.
If the die can “forgive” some flaws, then a weakly machined chamfer at the end, or a drop from welding, can knock the die off the straight path. Cutting is performed in 2-3 passes: using dies of different cutter depths.
First, number 1 marks and removes the first layer. Then No. 2 (and No. 3) cut the turns to the working depth.
instructions for cutting threads on a pipe without a clamp (using a die)
Clupp work
Many novice craftsmen do not know how to cut carvings near a wall. This is exactly what the clamp is suitable for, since its design provides for self-centering relative to the pipe axis, therefore, tool misalignment is eliminated.
Experienced craftsmen recommend cutting any pipe thread with a die; this tool simplifies the process and improves the quality of external threads.
It is not difficult to work with the clamp; it is a design with replaceable cutters. That is, the material of the holder can be made of relatively soft (and therefore pliable) metal, and the cutters can be made of hard alloy steel.
The position of the cutters is adjustable during the cutting process: this allows you to perform primary, secondary and finishing passes without removing the die. That is, you simply tighten the cutting parts, deepening the turns each time.
The cutters are located in such a way that maintaining straightness along the axis of the pipe is easy. The probability of coil failure is minimal. Therefore, even a beginner can cope with working with a clamp in hard-to-reach places.
There are electric die-cutting models in which a powerful torque is created on the cutter block using a gearbox. The operator only needs to guide the tool along the pipe.
The prepared workpiece is lubricated with a grease, the depth of the first pass is set, and the power is turned on. There is no need to make reverse rotations, as on a knob, or to monitor the removal of chips - all this is done automatically.
It doesn’t matter what you are doing: repairing the water supply, or installing a heating system.
With the help of such a tool, the work gets done much faster. Of course, not for free: the cost of an electric plug is quite high.
How to use a hand clamp correctly - instructions
Cutting threads with an electric die
Source: https://obinstrumente.ru/ruchnoj-instrument/klupp-dlya-narezki-rezby.html
Types of dies for cutting threads on pipes. DIY thread cutting +
A die is a special tool for cutting threads on metal pipes. They come in tubular, square, round and hexagonal shapes. Based on the structure of the housing, they are divided into solid, sliding and split. The second name for the die is lerka. Dies are also divided according to their purpose into inch, conical, pipe, pipe conical, left-handed and metric, and also differ in the shape of the thread.
Most metal products are bolted. There are situations when the thread breaks. There are 2 options for solving this problem - contact a locksmith and cut a new one, or do this work yourself. To do this, you only need to have dies for cutting threads on pipes.
All about dies
A die or die is a device used to cut external threads of various types. It is represented by a small nut on which there is an edge and a chip outlet. The threaded device can have thread pitch sizes from eight to ten.
Thread pitch is the distance between adjacent threaded threads.
You can measure the thread pitch with a special device - a caliper.
The size range of dies is 1/8 - 2 inches. You can buy dies in any online store, the price of a die starts from 30 depending on the size.
The working area of dies is iron pipes and rods.
Threads come in conical and cylindrical shapes. To obtain a high-quality thread, you need to cut in one pass. The die has a cutting edge. To make cylindrical threads, dies with two parts of the working area are used - calibrating and cutting. The calibrating part forms the final diameter and thread profile.
Classification of dies
Ledgers are divided into: tubular, square, round and hexagonal.
They are also divided by structure:
- solid;
- sliding (prismatic);
- cut.
The round lecher is the most widely used.
It is threaded in one pass, and not in several, like sliding ones. These dies can cut threads at different pitches. They can also be used to cut pipe and inch threads. The working part of round dies is not subjected to grinding. The outside diameter will depend on the size of the chip guards and the size of thread required.
Threading
If you need to cut a thread, you will need dies, as well as a special fastening device for the pipe.
The selection of cutters is based on what thread is needed and what the diameter should be. Basically, for cutting new threads, inch dies for cutting cylindrical shapes are used. To avoid confusion, there are markings on the body of the dies. For example, the designation Points to a left-handed thread.
You definitely need to pay attention to what grade of steel. Before starting work, the thread must be prepared. Using a file, a small chamfer is removed and the place is treated with any lubricant. The die holder is a device for fixing dies while cutting external threads. This is a universal tool that works with different sizes of gauges.
After fastening, it is brought to the pipe and made at least two turns in the direction of the thread. In this case, you need to press the tool a little to cut it into the metal. It is done according to this principle: make 2-3 turns forward, then half a turn back. So, the work continues until the required thread length is achieved. While performing the work, you need to observe the position of the marker relative to the pipe. If you do not take care of this, you may cut the wrong thread.
Checking the correctness of the work done is done by screwing a nut onto a pipe that matches the thread and diameter.
Lerks are divided into non-rifled and cut. Using a cutting blade will result in more accurate cutting. With it, it is possible to correct the thread diameter using a locking screw. If there is a need to replace a piece of water pipe that has a thread, then you will need to use a split-type tap.
The thread can be round, as well as rectangular, trapezoidal and triangular.
Taps are special devices for cutting internal threads in an existing hole. You can cut internal threads using a tap in several approaches. For the first approach, you must have a rough tap. It is impossible to confuse this tap; it comes with a riss on the tail section. Then follows another approach, already using a medium tap with 2 risks. And when completing the work, use a finishing tap with three marks.
There are many varieties of lerok. The die is used together with a clamping device - a die holder. This tool is suitable for several jig diameters.
Types of thread cutting devices
Metric indicator. Marking "M". It is the main type that is used for the production of parts such as bolts, studs, etc. They cut metric threads that have a triangular profile, the diameter of which can be from one to seventy-six millimeters.
The M10 marking indicates a 10 mm metric thread.
The thread can be cut to any diameter, since the dimensions can be from one to sixty millimeters.
Each die has its own main thread pitch. The thread pitch is the segment connecting the threads. In addition to the main die, there are additional ones. There may be several of them. The main or step is more than the additional ones.
Using a thread gauge, you can accurately measure the taper pitch.
Left die. It is mainly used in rotary connections, in which right-hand threads cannot be used, because in this case, unwinding will simply occur. Marked - “LH”.
This thread is needed in most designs in order to avoid arbitrary loosening of the fastener during rotation.
There are metric, pipe and inch. Pipe die. In order not to be confused with metric ones, it is marked with the letter “G”. Unit of measurement inch.
Thread size – 1/8-22”. Produced in accordance with GOST. They come with one set and two.
One inch is equal to twenty-five point four millimeters.
Pipe conical. Used for cutting round conical threads. They are mainly used in production in fuel pipelines and machine tools. Marked "K". They have a special structure that ensures single-sided threading. They have a intake cone with angles from thirty to fifty-five degrees and a small width of the feathers in order to reduce the effort during cutting and friction.
Conical blade. Marking "K". A distinctive feature of this type is the elongated front part of the lecher. In this part, the incomplete thread in the calibration zone becomes full. Which helps to cut threads along the entire product. But since there is no calibrating part in the design of this type, the greatest load occurs at the end of cutting, so the use of special cartridges will be required.
Inch die. The purpose of this tool is to cut threads in inch systems, which are accepted in America, Canada and other foreign countries. It is used mainly in the repair of imported equipment, in parts manufactured according to Western designs, etc. These tools work with steel, cast iron and metal products.
Die quality
For the production of blades, high-speed steel of such types as R6M5, 9ХС, ХСС is used. It is less common to find the P18 type, still made in the Soviet Union. The quality of Soviet products is very good. A modern manufacturer that produces good products is the Tulamash plant.
Source: https://iseptick.ru/truby-i-fitingi/krany-i-fitingi/plashki-dlya-narezki-rezby-vidy.html
How to apply threads to pipes using a die yourself
A thread-cutting tool is a necessary tool in the kit of a plumber, a gas service technician, or a plumber. It is used to create collapsible units in communication systems and construction. A die for cutting threads on pipes is a plate with cutting edges located inside a round hole. The hand-held device is designed to create threaded grooves on the outer surface of pipes, studs, and rods.
Pipe ram device
Professional thread cutting set
The simplest pipe die, often used by craftsmen for manual threading, is a disk with a round hole. On its inner part there are cutters that create grooves.
The thread appears when the die is screwed onto the knee. For plumbers, plumbers and gas workers who work with soft metals, a manual model is sufficient.
Steel and cast iron pipes are processed on machines using the same dies, but under the influence of an electric or hydraulic amplifier.
The thread is applied smoothly with a hard, sharpened die without knots or burrs.
In addition to sharp edges, the die for cutting threads on pipes has:
- Fastening recesses with which the mechanism is secured in a gate or machine. This simplifies the work, making the stop comfortable and the position of the die on the pipe level.
- Through holes through which the chips that appear during cutting come out.
- Marking of axes and verticals for the most even installation of the device and compliance with thread directions.
Tool marking
Dies and gates for manual threading
There are 7–8 cutting edges on a typical die (GOST 9740–71, 6228–80). Such a tool is made from high-strength metals or alloy steel. It cannot be used for processing similar materials. Popular brands: R6M5, 9ХС,ХСС.
Craftsmen especially value the rare P18, which was removed from mass production. The density of the steel makes this tool durable, but the packaging must be marked accordingly and the year of manufacture no later than 1991.
Later, such an instrument was not produced, and the copies that hit the market are fakes.
In addition to the common round one, according to GOST, a pipe die can be:
- tubular;
- square;
- hexagonal.
The outer diameters of round dies are made according to general standards, allowing the use of one die holder for several samples:
- small ones accommodate lechers with a diameter of up to 1 cm;
- samples 1.2–2.4 cm are attached to the middle ones;
- the larger ones accommodate 2.7–4.2 cm models.
The fundamental indicators of the models are the same:
- Diameter: the internal hole of the device matches the diameter of the pipes and rods on which the thread is applied. The entry should be tight. This size is indicated in inches; craftsmen remember the most common diameters without cheat sheets: 15 mm pipe - ½ in; 20 mm – ¾; 25 mm – 1 inch; 32 mm – 1 ¼. On the packaging this indicator is marked along with other necessary ones: “Die ¾ pipe” or “Die ½ pipe G”
- Thread type: tapered (K), cylindrical (G), pipe tapered (R).
- The depth of the grooves, that is, the level of immersion of the cutter into the metal.
- Thread pitch, that is, the distance between turns. The recommended pitch depends on the diameter of the pipe, and each of the dimensions of the grooves has its own offset between the applied grooves: a 1 ½ pipe die has a higher pitch frequency than a 2 ½ pipe die.
- Thread direction for metric models. Screw thread dies create right-hand (more common) and left-hand threads. The latter is used for moving mechanisms that require fixation or stop. It is practically not used when installing household communications. The mark corresponding to the left-hand thread on the package with the die is “LH”; the usual one may not be marked.
Thread cutting with a die
Operating principle of thread-cutting machine
For plumbing work around the house, a hand tool is sufficient: the thread is applied with a die using a die collar. The technique is simple, although it requires cutting-level precision. An unevenly applied thread will distort the communication axis and deprive the assembly with fittings or plumbing devices of tightness.
Preparation
Before threading begins, you must ensure that the pipe is intact and that the diameter at the machined end and the die match. After diagnosis, a chamfer is removed from the end.
The appropriate die and holder are selected for the job. It is advisable to use two cutting attachments: roughing and finishing: the transition will maintain the sharpness of the runners, extending the life of the tool. The through die is entrusted with the hardest work - the first 4-5 revolutions.
Before cutting threads on a pipe with a die, lubricate the surface of the area to be treated and the teeth themselves with machine oil. This will increase sliding and reduce the labor intensity of the process.
Operating procedure
Working with different types of dies
Applying the first turns requires effort. The die holder is positioned perpendicular to the pipe axis so that the threads coincide with those on the factory fittings, and the direction of the pipeline does not deviate from the axis.
The gate rotates clockwise. The exception is screw LH dies.
If there are significant difficulties in cutting the gate, it turns in the opposite direction: this breaks the stuck chips and frees movement. Excessive force can bend the knee. After 5–6 revolutions, the die is changed to finishing and work continues to the required cutting depth.
detailed overview of the carving tool
Manual dies are designed for a small amount of work: installing water supply in an apartment or private house. It is recommended to order units for large-scale communications or gas pipelines that are prone to leakage from specialized enterprises with means of thread quality control.
Source: http://trubsovet.ru/soed/rezb/rezbu-na-truby-plashkoj.html
How to properly cut a thread with a die? — Metals, equipment, instructions
Currently, it is difficult to imagine carrying out metalwork work without a special thread-cutting tool.
This tool can cut threads on products made of non-ferrous metals and steel.
Taps
The internal threads on the parts are cut using taps.
Taps for cutting inch and metric threads are usually manufactured in sets of two.
Taps for inch threads (less than 2 inches) and for metric threads from 32 to 54 mm with a pitch of more than 3 mm are manufactured in sets of three pieces. Such sets include the first (rough), second (medium) and third (finishing).
There is one circular mark on the tail of the first tap, two on the tail of the second, and three on the tail of the third.
The thread size is also indicated on the tail of the tap.
When cutting threads by hand, a special driver is used for the tap.
More details about video tags at the end of the article.
How to cut a thread with a tap
At first glance, cutting a thread with a tap looks simple, but this does not mean that it will be easy the first time. Pay special attention to choosing a quality tool. A dull tap has every chance of breaking. Getting the fragment out of the hole is still a hassle.
When cutting threads, follow the rule: 1 - 2 turns forward (cutting threads) - 0.5 - 1 turn back.
When cutting threads in blind holes, chips will inevitably accumulate; it is necessary to unscrew the tap and remove metal waste from the hole and from the tap.
If the tap has been removed completely, be careful when screwing it in again or when passing the next number. It is necessary to hit the already cut thread and not cut it.
The diameter of the drilled hole must correspond to the diameter of the thread (Table 1):
| Thread diameter | Hole diameter | Thread diameter | Hole diameter |
| 1 | 0,75 | 2,6 | 2,15 |
| 1,2 | 0,95 | 3 | 2,5 |
| 1,4 | 1,15 | 3,5 | 3 |
| 1,7 | 1,35 | 4 | 3,3 |
| 2 | 1,6 | 5 | 4,1 |
| 2,3 | 1,9 | 6 | 4,9 |
| 2,5 | 2 | 8 | 6,7 |
Deviations from the specified values will lead to poor-quality threads.
And of course, don’t forget about lubricants (oil, kerosene, grease, etc.).
Dies
External threads are cut using dies.
The dies are produced as sliding (prismatic), rolling and round. Round lerks are divided into cut and solid.
Solid round blades are used for cutting metric threads on parts with a diameter from one to 76 millimeters. For cutting inch threads, dies with a diameter of 1/4 to 2 inches are used.
When manually cutting threads, the dies are clamped into a specially designed driver called a handle holder.
It is necessary to use lubricating fluids and comply with the dimensions in Table 2:
| Thread diameter | Rod diameter | Thread diameter | Rod diameter |
| 1 | 0,98 | 2,6 | 2,54 |
| 1,2 | 1,17 | 3 | 2,94 |
| 1,4 | 1,37 | 3,3 | 3,23 |
| 1,7 | 1,66 | 4 | 3,92 |
| 2 | 1,96 | 5 | 4,89 |
| 2,3 | 2,25 | 6 | 5,86 |
| 2,5 | 2,45 | 8 | 7,83 |
The process of cutting external threads is clearly presented in the video:
Pay attention to the reverse rotations (opposite to the main working stroke of the tool).
Special dies and taps
Special dies and taps are tools that are manufactured with various deviations from DIN, ISO, ANSI and other standards. Changes may affect the degree of accuracy, the length and shape of the shank, the number of threads per inch, thread pitch, diameter of the thread being cut and other parameters.
Standard tools and taps are made from HSS grade high-speed steel, as well as from improved high-speed steel with the addition of vanadium and cobalt grade HSS-E. Various wear-resistant coatings are also applied to special taps.
Thread gauge
To control the profile shape, diameter and thread pitch, special and universal tools are used.
A thread gauge is used to check the thread profile.
For precise control, special microscopes are sometimes used. The diameter of the thread can also be measured with a caliper.
Source: https://spb-metalloobrabotka.com/kak-pravilno-narezat-rezbu-plashkoy/
How to cut threads on a pipe with your own hands
In order to securely connect a tap to a pipe, or install a heating device in a heating system, it is important to know how and with what to cut a thread on a pipe.
After all, most shut-off valves have threads; accordingly, connecting such elements by welding is impossible.
Thread on a water pipe
For example, if you have to install a new washbasin or toilet in your apartment, and it is not possible to unscrew a long-term connection on a steel water supply system, then the best option is:
- Turn off the water supply;
- Using a grinder, cut off part of the pipe near the installation site of the washbasin;
- Cut pipe threads;
- Install a ball valve or tee on the pipe;
- Connect it with a flexible hose to the washbasin tap.
This work can easily be carried out by a qualified plumber. However, any apartment owner, having purchased a tool for cutting threads on pipes, is able to carry out this work independently.
Today, to equip a pipe with a threaded connection, 2 types of thread-cutting devices are used:
- Threading dies;
- Pipe clamp.
With their help, you can cut threads on any sewer or water pipe that is used in the utility networks of residential buildings and private cottages.
If you have never cut a thread, it will be difficult to do it with a die. The slightest misalignment of the tool can lead to a defect.
Therefore, it is better to use a clamp, since it has a guide that greatly simplifies the cutting process.
Let's brush up on the theory behind the threading process.
- threading on pipes is the formation of a screw surface on the outside of a pipe (plumbing or heating system);
- the screw surface is a connecting element rotating uniformly around the axis of the fitting,
- tee or tap, with uniform translational movement along this axis;
- thread pitch is the translational movement of the screwed element relative to the thread axis, corresponding to one full revolution.
In other words, in order to install shut-off valves, it is necessary to cut a thread on the pipes, the pitch of which coincides with the pitch of the connecting elements. Then such a connection of sewer or water pipes will be sealed and durable, and able to withstand high pressure.
Thread cutting work
To carry out this operation yourself, you need to purchase a pipe threading set. These can be either dies of the required diameter, or a more practical set of dies.
Basic requirements before starting work:
- before threading, the pipe must be cleaned of rust and old paint;
- the lead-in chamfer must be removed on its end surface;
- use only high-quality cutting tools in your work;
- It is imperative to have lubricant for efficient operation of the cutting tool and removal of chips.
Caution: pipe threading dies require some skill. Therefore, before starting work, you should practice on a piece of an old pipe so as not to spoil the water supply or sewer system.
Professional pipe threading kit
Preparatory work for cleaning the pipe and chamfering is best done using sandpaper and a file:
- thoroughly clean the surface of the pipe to a metallic shine;
- Use a file to chamfer the end of the pipe.
Cleaning the pipe before threading
The next stage is direct threading, which differs in the sequence of actions, depending on the selected tools.
Using dies
If you purchased dies for cutting pipe threads and a die holder, then the procedure will be as follows:
- we clamp the pipes in a vice, or fix them in a convenient way so that the pipe remains motionless during the cutting process;
- install the die into the die holder and fix it with screws;
- apply oil to the pipe and to the cutting edges of the die;
- carefully place the tool on the pipe and, rotating clockwise, cut the first thread pitch;
- We make sure that the tool is perpendicular to the pipe;
- Having cut the thread to the required length, unscrew the die and run it again.
Source: https://crast.ru/instrumenty/kak-narezat-rezbu-na-trube-svoimi-rukami
How to cut threads on a pipe with a die by hand
If it is necessary to manually cut external threads for a pipe connection, make a stud or bolt for a nut with a metric thread, a simple but quite effective tool is most often used - a die. The thread preparation process is quite simple if you follow the instructions below exactly.
Preparing to cut threads with a die
Before cutting a thread with a die on a rod or pipe, you need to select a tool of the required diameter and pitch. The die itself is a nut with conical cutting teeth with holes for fastening in the collar. The dies can be solid, split, sliding, round, square or hexagonal.
First of all, you need to select the material and tool of the required diameter. Below is a table of correspondence between the most popular diameters for metric, imperial and pipe threads with an example of selecting a workpiece for an M6 thread
As we can see from the table, to cut an M6 thread we need a rod with a diameter of 5.8 mm. For larger thread diameters, there is an acceptable minimum and maximum value for the rod thickness. You cannot violate it - if the diameter is exceeded, you risk breaking the die; if the value is less than the minimum, you will get a weak thread.
Before you start cutting external threads with a die, in addition to the tool itself and the workpiece, you need a driver suitable in shape and size, as well as machine oil. After this, you can proceed directly to the cutting itself.
Thread cutting order
Before cutting, it is necessary to chamfer the outer part of the pipe or workpiece at an angle of 45°. This is necessary to facilitate the first turns and fix the die.
- Secure the pipe or workpiece in a strictly vertical position. The best option to avoid distortions is a bench vise, but you can also use a gas wrench.
- Lubricate the tool with oil.
- Place the die on the head of the rod in a strictly horizontal position and start with the first few circles.
- If there is obvious misalignment in the first laps, remove the die, tap the workpiece and start again.
- When rotating on the first turns, simultaneously press evenly on the handles of the driver to begin the cutting process.
- After the first few turns, check that the thread is cut correctly. This can be done by checking the horizontality of the dies and the knob, which can be checked with a level. Next, with the correct position of the tool, you can continue cutting the pipe thread with a die to the entire required length.
- When approximately the middle of the length is reached, the pressing force can be weakened, then the self-tightening process begins.
- After one or two turns, it is necessary to turn the die half a turn back to remove chips.
- After cutting to the desired length, simply return the tool back along the finished thread.
It is necessary to take into account that the die can have several numbers, most often 2. In this case, after cutting the rough thread, it is necessary to go through each of the numbers in turn to finally form the thread profile.
Currently, pipelines can be assembled from plastic or metal pipes. Plastic pipes are mainly connected by welding, for which a special apparatus is used. Metal pipes are connected with threaded fittings. The joint of pipes with a threaded connection is as strong as possible. However, to assemble a metal pipeline, threading on the pipe is required, the application methods of which are described in this article.
A section of pipe with a self-made thread for further assembly of the pipeline
Tools used for thread cutting
Before starting work, it is necessary to prepare a tool for cutting threads on pipes, which includes the following devices:
- tape measure, pencil and caliper. The pipeline is assembled according to a previously prepared diagram. At the first stage, it is necessary to prepare pipes of a certain length indicated in the diagram. A tape measure and pencil are used for marking. Vernier calipers are used to measure the diameter of pipes and select the required tool;
Tape measure and calipers for measuring pipes
- Bulgarian. The tool is used to cut pipes according to previously applied markings. Instead of a grinder, you can use a hacksaw;
Metal pipe cutting tool
- vice. Threading on pipes must be done clearly horizontally. To do this, the pipe section must be securely fixed;
Device for fixing a pipe in a certain position
- machine oil and any other lubricant. Cutting threads on pipes by hand will be much easier if the tool and the end of the pipe are lubricated with special products;
- glasses for eye protection. Any work must be carried out in compliance with all safety rules. When cutting threads, metal shavings can get into your eyes and cause severe damage, so protection in the form of glasses is necessary;
- tool for cutting threads on pipes. This can be one of three options:
- klupp;
Source: https://MyTooling.ru/instrumenty/kak-narezat-rezbu-na-trube-plashkoj-vruchnuju
How to properly cut threads with taps and dies?
It is difficult to imagine a mechanical working tool or functional part that would not work through the use of threaded connections. Cars, hand tools, household appliances, plumbing - this is just a small list of equipment that would not be able to function without modern threads.
Set of dies for thread cutting
It is not surprising that so often a person has to sharpen the threads on parts himself. Fortunately, this is quite easy to do. In your work you will need a small set of basic tools, taps and dies.
So how to do thread cutting correctly? Let's figure it out now.
Tool selection
Let us note in advance that threads can be cut in different ways. You can work either manually or by machine. In the first case, as we noted above, you need to have a set of tools with you for creating threads, in the second, the work is carried out on a lathe.
Manual threading is recommended if your task is to machine only a few parts. For example, when assembling plumbing equipment, creating household pipelines, etc.
Processing parts on a lathe involves performing large-scale tasks. A person with experience with this type of equipment is able to cut threads on an industrial scale, up to a hundred parts per hour, and sometimes more. However, you are unlikely to need such performance.
Most often, a set of hand tools covers all the household needs of home craftsmen. With their help, you will also be able to cut threads correctly and efficiently, but it will only take more time and effort.
The set of equipment mentioned above is mainly represented by taps and dies, as well as various additional parts.
Features of taps
Taps are cone-shaped or cylindrical parts that are designed for cutting internal threads. In particular, they are used to make threads on pipes, nuts, small washers, various kinds of clamps and even flanges.
The taps are quite convenient to use. They consist of a working and a rear part. The working part has a unique shape and diameter. On its edges there are special incisors or teeth with a certain pitch. The teeth, when rotated, cut the metal in parallel with the removal of chips.
The back side is made in a certain shape, which makes it easier to fix the tap on the working tool.
A variety of taps for household use
Taps with the ability to cut threads without forming chips are also used, but much less often, because they are more expensive.
There are taps:
- Rough;
- Semi-draft;
- Finishing.
Roughers make the first pass, remove most of the chips and form rough grooves for the threads. This is not a full carving yet, but the preparation has already been completed.
Semi-draft models are extremely rare. They are intended for finishing rough grooves, cleaning them and forming a workpiece for a clean thread. Semi-rough taps are used primarily in the manufacture of complex parts.
The last sample, a finishing tap, forms a ready-to-use thread of precise dimensions and shape.
According to the type of actions performed, taps are divided into:
- Metric;
- Nuts;
- Pipe;
- Machine.
Note that taps, as well as dies, can cut threads of different sizes, directions and shapes. It all depends on the chosen equipment model.
Features of dies
A die is a cutting tool that is used when making external threads. The simplest example of an external thread is a bolt. While an example of an internal thread is a nut.
The dies are flat, from the outside they strongly resemble large washers or clamps for machine chucks. Only inside the die there is a cutting attachment with several rows of twisted cutters.
Tap and die, close up
Dies can have different shapes, types of assembly and dimensions. There are both round and square models. Some options are completely solid, others can be disassembled and the cutting attachment can be replaced.
The cutting part consists of three working zones. The two zones located at the edges consist of teeth, while the inner zone is responsible for removing chips and adjusting the direction of rotation.
It is thanks to the inner zone that the dies have a self-tightening property. That is, after several rotations on the pipe, the die is fixed.
You can then rotate it without pressure, since it will tighten in the direction of the thread formation. While the taps must be rotated with force throughout the entire process.
The types of dies are essentially the same as the types of taps. If you bought a large set of tools, you will probably receive several of these parts at once.
Threading
Now that we've sorted out the tools themselves, let's move on to the question of how to use them correctly.
Almost anyone can cope with such tasks, but there are several details and nuances in the work that you should pay close attention to.
The standard stages of work differ little from each other, and it does not matter whether you use dies or taps. In any case, it is necessary:
- Prepare and assemble the instrument.
- Lubricate parts and work area.
- Perform a rough pass.
- Check the quality of the thread.
- Perform a finishing pass.
- Perform final check.
There are also nuances that we will now pay attention to.
Carving with a die
Most often, a set of dies is used when it is necessary to obtain a result in the form of a pipe thread. At least in civil engineering.
When cutting threads with a die, caution plays a major role. First, the die is selected and assembled with the die holder (popularly called a knob). Then lubricate with oil or lard, if nothing else is available.
Next it needs to be fixed. At the fixation stage, beginners very often make serious mistakes. The die is difficult to fix in the ideal position. In this case, it is necessary to start cutting using pressure, and even combining it with rotational actions.
As you understand, some skill is required here.
Mounting the part in a horizontal vice, as well as lightly turning the working edge, will greatly simplify the work. Turning is done with a file.
Then the work will go easier. The die is fixed onto the machined edge by turning it several tens of degrees in both directions. Then they press (it’s easier to work if the part is below the level of your belt, then it’s easier to concentrate the pressure from your own body) and rotate in the working direction.
Thread cutting tool set
The first 2-3 turns must be done with pressure from top to bottom, then the die is tightened on its own, and you only need to rotate the knob.
Rotation is performed with translational movements. Every few revolutions in the working direction, alternate with a reverse rotation of 0.5-1 revolutions, for better turning of the thread.
Thus performs a rough pass. The finishing pass should not cause any problems for you, since the part is already ready for processing, and the process there is identical
The nuances of working with taps
They work with taps according to the same scheme. The tool set also includes roughing and finishing taps. They also need to be fixed on the holder, only here it is not a knob that is used, but a kind of vice that comes with the kit.
The main difference when cutting threads with this tool is the need to apply forced pressure throughout the entire time.
As a result, the process becomes more labor-intensive. It is correct to remove the chips from the tap yourself from time to time. Without removal, it will quickly grind down the teeth and damage the part. It is also advisable to cool the tap.
Due to pressure, rotation and interaction with chips, it heats up quickly. Industrial oil is ideal for such tasks.
Source: https://trubypro.ru/soedinenie/rezbovoe/narezaniye-rezby-plashkamy.html
Tool for cutting threads. Revealing the features of the work
Thread shaping in industrial and home environments is a common problem. Without such operations, it is impossible to lay plumbing communications, carry out repairs and lay pipelines, or manufacture fasteners. Dies (dies), as a tool for making carvings on pipes and solid metal rods, are an indispensable attribute of the home craftsman.
Classification of leroks
Thread cutting tools are distinguished according to the following characteristics:
- According to the method of producing threads - machine or manual.
- According to the materials from which this equipment is made.
- According to the profile of the threaded part on the final product.
- According to the characteristics of the thread being cut: its diameter and pitch.
Tools for obtaining internal threads are often called taps, but this is incorrect - such equipment is called taps.
A thread cutting tool is always used in conjunction with a die holder - equipment where the thread-forming tool is secured. The appearance of such devices is determined by the design of the lectern. In particular, for manual thread cutting, die holders are equipped with a handle and three to four gougons that secure the blade, which are evenly distributed along the arc of the seating surface. When machine-forming threaded profiles, the die holders have the form of a flat prism.
To universalize the designs of die holders, tool companies that produce die holders make their outer surface the same for the adjacent group of threads (for example, M10 and M12). The taps, designed to produce threads with the same diameter but different thread pitches, are also unified in their seats.
The standard marking of the lerka includes in its designation a letter that determines the type of thread - inch (D) or metric (M). Rarely, lugs with left-handed threads are also used (for example, in the seats of devices for tying cargo cables and ropes, in heating radiators, etc.). Then the Latin letters LH are added to the designation of lerki.
For trenches that form threads on pipes, the letter G is added to the designation. Such trenches can have a conical profile of the thread-forming part, and are used to produce threaded parts on pipes, in particular, on bends, adapters, etc.
The parameters and characteristics of domestically produced lechers are regulated by the requirements of GOST 9740.
Tools for manual thread cutting
When cutting threads manually, the workpiece (rod, pipe) is stationary, and the tool itself rotates. In this case, there is no peripheral sliding speed, so the thread cutting tools practically do not heat up to high temperatures.
To reduce mechanical wear of the thread-forming profile and reduce the effort, the area of the workpiece required for cutting is lubricated.
If there are large differences between the diameter of the original workpiece and the diameter of the thread, it is also necessary to lubricate the inner surface of the hole.
It is believed that in order to form a full-fledged threaded profile, the diameter of the initial workpiece (for the most popular diameters) must correspond to the following values:
| Diameter of cut thread | M6 | M8 | M10 | M12 | M16 | M20 |
| Diameter of the original rod (or tubular blank), mm | 5,805,95 | 7,757,90 | 9,709,95 | 11,8011,95 | 15,8015,95 | 19,8019,95 |
Note : The data given in the table can also be used to determine the diameter of the initial workpiece for subsequent thread shaping on machines with flat dies.
An important element for choosing the right lecher is the material from which it is made. The peculiarity of the thread cutting process - a gradual increase in force, with a sharp decrease towards the end of the process - determines the increased viscosity of the threading material, otherwise the thread profile will intensively chip.
Therefore, the optimal choice would be levers made of alloy tool steel X12F1 or 9ХС, with a hardness of 5961HRC. For cutting threads on heat-resistant and alloy steels, a tool made of high-speed steel grades R6M5 or R9K6, with a hardness of 6063 HRC, is suitable. The price of such blades will be high, so their use is justified only for large volumes of production of threaded parts.
For domestic purposes, it is quite acceptable to use lerks made from carbon tool steels U10 or U12.
Among the enterprises that produce such tooling, the highest ratings are those of Izhevsk, Chelyabinsk, Vladivostok, Samara, Bryansk, Nizhny Novgorod (Russia), Orsha, Minsk (Belarus), and Lvov (Ukraine). Foreign-made lechers from UFC (Italy) and CM Tools (Finland) have proven themselves to be excellent in operation.
Tools for machine thread forming
Unlike hand tools, when producing threads on specialized machines, dies perform a reciprocating movement, while the workpiece moves in a screw manner. Such lechers are divided into movable, which is fixed in the slide of the machine, and stationary, installed on its table.
The working area of the fixed ladders consists of three main parts:
- The intake, with the help of which the rod workpiece is captured;
- Profiling, where the thread rolling itself is carried out;
- Calibrating, in the area of which the basic parameters of the thread are calibrated and the product smoothly exits the thread formation zone.
This design eliminates sharp fluctuations in force, which are inevitable due to the operating characteristics of the equipment: high productivity (up to 400 rpm) and the presence of an idle stage, when the slide with the die holder returns to its original position after the next workpiece.
The movable die has a simpler design. Its receiving part in length is approximately 30-35% of the diameter of the original workpiece, while the rise of the profile to the main level of profiling occurs at an angle of 47 °. Moreover, the length of the movable lever is always greater: this eliminates accidental capture of the knurled workpiece during the reverse stroke of the slide.
Machine tools can be used to cut not only ordinary types of threads, but also special profiles, for example, for grease nipple heads, as well as threads for self-tapping screws. For this purpose, a special comb is made on the form-forming part of the lerk, in the grooves of which the necessary sharpening of the end of the fastener is formed.
In order to avoid cracks during long-term use of tools for machine thread shaping, their hardness should be slightly lower than manual ones - within 5658 HRC.
Machine lerks are usually manufactured by the same companies that produce the thread rolling equipment itself. Tools listed are Italian (from the Sima and Sacma brands), Japanese (Sakamura) and Belgian-made (Malmedie). It is better to avoid commercially available tools made in China and Taiwan: although its price is much lower, the stability of its performance characteristics and mechanical properties are highly questionable.
Source: https://proinstrumentinfo.ru/lerka-dlya-narezki-rezby-na-trubah-tsena/
What and how to properly cut threads on a water pipe
Currently, plastic or metal pipes are mainly used for laying water supply systems.
Plastic products are connected to each other, as a rule, by welding (a special welding machine is used for these purposes).
Metal pipes are joined with threaded fittings, in this case the connection is as strong as possible.
articles:
Not many people have thought about how to connect the water supply to a private house.
It consists of:
- pipes,
- valves,
- valves
- taps and other components.
All this is assembled into a single system using threaded connections.
To ensure that the process of replacing an old part with a new one does not take much time, there is a thread.
Sometimes you have to deal with cases when you yourself have to change a worn-out element (for example, a pipe), but there are no grooves on it.
What to do in this case?
The way out of this situation is very simple - cut the thread with your own hands. The ideal option is when you have the opportunity to use a lathe.
But not every home craftsman has such equipment.
It is expensive, and in order to use it you need to have certain experience and skills.
Do you know the cost of installing radiators in an apartment? The approximate cost of aluminum, bimetallic and cast iron radiators for heating living space is indicated in a useful article.
Find out what can be glued with silicone sealant on this page.
If you need to equip a pipe with threads , for example, to connect a membrane tank for water supply (written here), you can use one of two types of devices designed for cutting grooves:
- thread cutting table,
- pipe wrench.
This tool is used to cut threads in water and sewer pipes (read why a water seal is needed here), which are used in the utility networks of multi-storey buildings and private buildings.
Note! If you do not have any experience in this matter, then working with a lecher will be very difficult for you. Since even the slightest misalignment of the tool will invariably lead to the formation of a defect.
In this case, it is best to use a wrench; the cutting process with its help is simplified by the presence in the design of such an important part as a guide.
In order not to spoil the water pipe , to acquire a certain skill, practice on an unnecessary piece of a hollow object.
Now let's try to refresh our memory about what the thread cutting process is:
- when applying grooves to pipes , a helical surface is formed on the outside of the hollow object;
- the helical plane plays the role of a connecting element, which rotates steadily around the axis of the fitting;
- The thread pitch corresponds to one full turn.
In order for the junction of water pipes to be waterproof, durable, and the unit to withstand high pressure in the system, it is necessary to cut the threads so that the pitch exactly matches the pitch of the joining parts.
Tools used for these purposes
Before you begin, you need to make sure that you have all the necessary equipment at hand.
Pipe threading kits are sold in stores . These can be dies of the required diameter or a set of clamps (this option is more practical).
First of all, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the pipe from rust and remnants of old paint.
from the end surface of the pipe .
It is extremely important to know! The tool for the job must be of high quality.
Do you know why a casing pipe is needed for a well? A useful article describes the rules for drilling on a personal plot.
Read how to push through an air lock in a heating system here.
On the page: http://ru-canalizator.com/santehnika/s-oborudovanie/kosvennye.html it is written about making indirect heating boilers from stainless steel with your own hands.
There is one more point to consider:
- do not forget to purchase lubricant for more productive operation of the cutting device and removal of chips.
List of tools without which you cannot complete this job:
- pencil or piece of chalk,
- roulette,
- calipers.
The pipeline must be installed according to pre-prepared drawings. The first thing to do is prepare the pipes.
Their length must correspond to the parameters indicated on the heating and water supply diagram of a private house (written here).
A tape measure and a pencil are necessary for marking.
Without a caliper, you will not be able to correctly determine the cross-section of pipes and accurately select the tool.
It is necessary to mark the pipes extremely, carefully and, as much as possible, carefully.
If you make even the slightest error in measurements, the device will turn out incorrect, and as a result you will have to make a new design.
Grinder or hacksaw for metal.
These devices cut the pipes according to the markings made earlier.
Important condition! The cut in relation to the pipe walls should be strictly perpendicular. Otherwise, the threaded connection, for example, when connecting a circulation pump to a heating system, will not be sealed.
A device for clamping and holding an object during processing - a vice. With their help, you can cut the pipe as smoothly as possible.
Lubricant material (this can be machine oil).
By cutting a hollow object by hand, you can make your work much easier. To do this, you need to lubricate the end of the pipe and the tool with a special compound.
You will need glasses to protect your eyes.
When cutting grooves, metal shavings are formed. If it gets into your eyes, it can cause severe damage.
A tool designed directly for applying threads to pipes:
- set of dies,
- Klupp,
- tap.
In order not to make a mistake in choosing the right device, you need to take the type of thread as a basis and rely on the preferences of the master.
External threads are applied using a die, and internal threads are applied using a tap.
How to make a clump correctly
The process should occur according to the following structural diagram.
- You need to choose a leech of a suitable cross-section . To accurately select equipment, you must use a caliper.
- The prepared section of the pipe and the inner surface of the tray must be lubricated with machine oil.
- A die is inserted into a metal pipe; a holder is used for this (it is included in the kit for cutting grooves on pipes).
- If you are performing initial pipeline assembly or you decide to install a tap for a drinking water filter (written here), then the hollow object should be fixed in a vice - this will make the work easier.
When reconstructing a water main, threading is done directly on the installed pipe.
- After all the preparatory measures have been completed, it is necessary to insert a tap of the appropriate diameter into the pipe opening, and then rotate its base clockwise.
For this purpose, use a wrench, which is included in the tool kit.
Chips form on the grooves and must be removed.
How?
It is necessary to make several turns around the pipe, and then move the device 90 degrees in the opposite direction.
At the end of the work, the remaining oil should be wiped off with a clean rag.
Grooving with a die
This type of threading device is:
- round configuration .
In order to cut threads into pipes of various sections, they use dies of different sizes; - sliding.
This part is used for cutting grooves on hollow objects of different diameters.The sliding die is operated using a special holder.
This tool model is used more often. The reason is the low cost of the product.
Before starting work using a die (die), it is necessary to prepare the pipe using the method described above.
Only after this should you proceed to the procedure according to this scheme:
- Select a device of the appropriate diameter (for this use a caliper).
- Then we lubricate the surface of the product and the inside of the die with any lubricant.
- Next step – securely secure the lever in a vice.
If you do not use a holder, the threads will not be straight, and this may cause leaks to form at the mating points.
- Turn the die holder in the desired direction.
After making a few turns, you need to remove the chips.
To do this, turn the device in the opposite direction.
- At the end of the work , the tool and threads must be cleaned of grease.
At the first stage, they use roughing tools (they clearly cut through the pipe).
But with their help you will not be able to achieve maximum carving accuracy. The final cutting is done using a finishing blade.
Cutting the internal thread
What do I need to do.
- Prepare the opening thoroughly.
The hole must be clean, free of foreign coatings and deposits.Then, it must be lubricated.
- Select a tap by diameter.
- Secure the tool in the hole.
Remember that the vertical position of the threading device must be strictly observed.
The tap must be rotated clockwise.
It is important to know ! The manufacturer must apply markings to each die.
It specifies all the sizes of the grooves that can be cut using this tool.
Before you start work (watch a video on how to lay sewer pipes in different ways here), you should carefully study this data.
If you need to cut threads on stainless steel pipe , you will have to work a little more.
Since stainless steel is a very hard material, the task becomes significantly more complicated.
In this case, you will have to buy a die that matches the steel grade.
Markers with branding - P9 are suitable for this purpose..
Important point! If the die is selected incorrectly, then, in the end, you may be left not only without a thread, but also without a tool.
Basic reasons for marriage
No one is immune from the fact that the result of your work will be marriage.
What could be the reason for its occurrence?
- Mismatch of the cross-section of the holes or rods of the cut grooves.
- Using a tool of poor quality (blunt or incorrectly aligned).
- Do not use lubricants during operation.
- Lack of professionalism.
There is nothing difficult about cutting a thread on a pipe yourself.
There are no tricks to this.
The main thing is to have a special tool at your disposal.
Perform all actions carefully and slowly. And one more thing you shouldn’t forget:
- In order for you to succeed, you need to have desire, and skill is an acquired skill.
Any homework can be done on your own , the main thing is to find the right approach to it. This way you can save money from the family budget.
Master class from a home craftsman who took up threading a pipe for the first time - watch the video.
Source: http://ru-canalizator.com/santehnika/aksessuary/rezba.html
