How to solder wires with flux

How to solder wires and what you need for this

There are many ways to connect conductors. In this article we will talk about one of the most reliable - soldering wires with a soldering iron. This process is delicate and painstaking. If you have never held a soldering iron in your hands, then you will need to learn a little. Firstly, you need experience and skills in using a soldering device. Secondly, before soldering the wires, you need to twist them together. Thirdly, you will need special tools and materials.

Physics of the process

Before connecting wires by soldering, it would be nice to understand the very essence of this process.

With the help of soldering, permanent connections are obtained. For example, if you need to connect any two elements (cable or wire), then solder in the form of molten metal is introduced between them.

It is necessary that the melting point of this metal be lower than that of the materials of the elements being connected. The soldered element, flux and solder are brought into contact by heating. The solder becomes liquid and wets the surface of the conductor.

When heating is stopped, the solder alloy hardens, thereby forming a strong contact connection.

The strength of the contact depends on how well the solder wets the surfaces of the elements being connected. And here there is a direct dependence on how clean these elements were at the time of soldering. Therefore, before soldering wires, they must be cleaned of organic substances (oil, grease) and oxide film. Flux should be used for this purpose; moreover, it reduces surface tension and improves the quality of spreading.

Soldering copper wires places the least demands on flux, solder alloy and temperature. Therefore, if you want to learn this business, it is better to first solder copper wires with a soldering iron, and over time, when you gain skill and experience, you will work with other materials.

Advantages and disadvantages of soldering

The most important advantage of soldering over other types of wire connections is reliability. In terms of reliability, a soldered electrical assembly can be inferior only to a connection made by welding.

For the entire period of operation, you can forget about the soldered connection; it will not require any additional maintenance.

Using soldering, you can connect conductors of different cross-sections, single-core with multi-core.

This method is low in cost. The main thing is that you have a soldering iron, and solder and rosin are very inexpensive, and their consumption is very negligible.

Also, the undoubted advantage of soldering is that it can be used to simultaneously connect more than 2 wires.

The disadvantages of soldering include high labor intensity and the required skills in using a soldering iron.

Required tools and materials

Before soldering two wires, you must first purchase all the necessary materials, and also stock up on the most important device - a soldering iron.

Soldering iron

This device is a heating device; it is used to heat the solder alloy and the surfaces of the parts that need to be soldered. It has three main parts:

• handle (it is made of wood or plastic, it does not heat up during operation);
• a heating element;
• work item.

Soldering irons come in different types:

1. Electric heating. The working part of such a tool is the tip of a copper tip, which is heated by a heating element. The temperature of the tip reaches 300 degrees, and it is not very powerful (from 60 to 100 W).
2. Gas. According to the principle of operation, this soldering iron is similar to an ordinary gas torch; the place where soldering should be done is heated using an open flame.
3. Thermal air. The soldering area is heated with hot air.
4. Hammer. The working part of this soldering iron is also a copper tip, but its shape resembles a massive hammer. Heating occurs using an open flame or due to the built-in electric heating element.

The most widely used electric heating soldering iron is for soldering radio components and wires.

Solder

The main material in the soldering process is solder. It is an alloy of several metals, which has a lower melting point than the metal of the elements being joined. Such alloys are made from tin, cadmium, silver, copper, lead, and nickel.

It is advisable to solder copper wires using POS-60 alloy. The letters POS indicate that this solder is made of tin and lead. The numbers show what percentage of tin is contained in the solder. Of course, pure tin is considered the best solder material, but it is expensive and is used in exceptional cases.

Solder comes in different forms - granules, pastes, ingots, powder, foil or wire.

How to use solder alloy? It is heated above the melting point and, when it reaches a molten state, it is touched to the solid surfaces of the elements being connected. At this moment, chemical and physical processes begin. The solder alloy spreads over metal surfaces, penetrating into all the gaps between them.

Keep in mind! Before you solder the aluminum wires, you will need to find a special solder. For this metal, zinc-based alloys TsO-12 (zinc with tin) or TsA-15 (zinc with aluminum) are more suitable.

Flux

Most often, a mixture of organic and inorganic substances is used as a flux, with the help of which surfaces are prepared for soldering. This can be rosin, acetylsalicylic or phosphoric acid, ammonia or borax salt.

The most common flux is rosin. Some people use acid for soldering, but it is inferior in quality to rosin. Although it is much easier to use acid, we soaked a brush in it and applied the substance to the surfaces to be joined. With rosin it’s a little more complicated; you need to place a core in it, heat it with a soldering iron, then the resin will begin to melt and envelop the wire.

Sometimes they use solder, which is a thin wire filled with rosin inside. Of course, this makes the process faster and more convenient; all you need to do is take solder with a heated soldering iron and apply it to the surfaces to be connected; there is no need to treat each wire with rosin separately.

Other tools

Also, in order to solder the conductors, you will need:

1. The place to work must be covered with a material that will not be afraid of drops of molten solder. A metal table or some kind of stand made of metal or wood is suitable when work needs to be done, for example, in a distribution box.
2. Stand for soldering iron (it should be reliable and comfortable).
3. A piece of damp cloth or sponge for wiping the soldering iron tip.
4. File. Before using a soldering iron, you will first need to clean its tip; there should be no traces of soot on it, then soldering will go easily.
5. A knife or a special device for removing the insulating layer from wires.
6. Pliers.
7. Sandpaper.
8. Alcohol.
9. Insulating tape (or heat shrink tubing).

Preparatory work

Before soldering the wires, it is necessary to perform a number of preparatory work:

• On the cores to be connected, cut off the insulating layer by 40-50 mm.
• Now you need to clean the bare areas from the oxide film. This can be done using fine-grained sandpaper. The wire cores must be cleaned to a shine.
• Before soldering copper wires, they are tinning. Heat the soldering iron to the melting point of the rosin. How to find out? Just touch the rosin with the tool, it will begin to actively melt. Immerse the bare area in rosin resin. Take some solder alloy with the tip and run it along the wire. To make the process smoother and faster, turn the wire a little. The copper core after tinning will not be red, but silver. Do the same with all the wires that need to be soldered.
• Twist the tinned wires together.

How to tinning wires is shown in this video:

Now everything is ready for the soldering process itself.

Performing soldering

Using pliers, hold the twisted wires with one hand. If you are connecting only two thin wires, and the soldering length is short, then it is quite possible to do without twisting. You just need to attach the conductors very tightly to each other.

In your other hand, take a soldering iron heated to the desired temperature and pick up the solder alloy with the tip. Press it onto the joint using slight force. Heating should occur in this place, the rosin will boil and the solder alloy will begin to spread.

All that remains is to wait for the alloy to spread and fill all the gaps between the cores.

It is very important that the surfaces to be joined are well heated. Because if the solder hardens, and wetting does not occur, the result will be a weak solder, electricians call it “cold” or “false”.

It is imperative to allow the soldering to cool while stationary. Even the slightest movement of the soldered elements at the moment the solder hardens can affect the quality and strength of the connection.

When the soldering area has hardened, wipe it with alcohol to remove any remaining flux.

How to properly perform soldering is shown in detail in this video:

and here you can see how to solder strands in conditions close to real ones:

All that remains is to reliably insulate the connection. You can wrap 3-4 layers of electrical tape. Heat-shrinkable tubing serves as good insulation. Just remember to put it on one of the conductors before making the connection. Then pull it over the resulting electrical assembly, heat it with a hair dryer or lighter, and the tube will tightly wrap around the connection. The second option is preferable, as it ensures the tightness of the contact connection.

We told you how to solder wires correctly. In principle, this is not difficult for those who know how to use a soldering iron. If you've never done this before, it's better to ask someone to teach you a little. Of course, you can read the articles and understand everything theoretically. But don’t forget that “it’s better to see once.”

Source: https://YaElectrik.ru/elektroprovodka/kak-payat-provoda

Learning to solder wires - consideration of all the nuances of soldering

Soldering wires with a soldering iron is not difficult, so even an inexperienced electrician can handle this method of connecting copper wires. Next, we will tell you how to properly solder wires in a distribution box - the place where electrical wiring is carried out in rooms.

The technology will be provided step by step, with pictures and video examples, so that you can more clearly understand how to solder two wires together. We immediately draw your attention to the fact that we will tell you how to solder copper wires. This is due to the fact that aluminum conductors are practically no longer used at home.

GOST standards recommend avoiding the connection of different non-ferrous metals (aluminum and copper conductors), so the only safe option for a private house and apartment is to solder the copper cable cores.

Step 1 – Prepare the tool

First, you need to prepare a soldering iron for soldering wires with your own hands. All that is required is to thoroughly clean the tip from solder residues or other possible contaminants.

For this you can use a regular file. In addition, you must prepare solder and flux, without which you will not be able to solder wires with a soldering iron. As for solder, in order to solder the wires, you can use either an alloy of tin and lead, or a special thread, as shown in the photo below.

Flux is necessary so that during soldering the solder evenly covers the materials being soldered. In addition, flux removes the oxide film from copper conductors, which significantly impairs the reliability of the connection. As a flux, you can use either rosin or special soldering acid. Both options are popular among craftsmen.

Another important stage of preparation is creating a suitable workplace. You should have an outlet and a stand for a soldering iron nearby so that the technology of soldering wires with your own hands is safe.

By the way, you can make a soldering iron with your own hands, which will not take much time and effort. A homemade device will serve you for quite a long time, as you can see for yourself!

Step 2 – Tinning

So, if you need to solder two power wires together, then first of all you must remove the polyethylene insulation and tin the exposed wires, especially if they are very thin.

Before soldering, the stranded conductor is first twisted and then treated with flux, on top of which a thin layer of heated solder is applied.

Before soldering, be sure to prepare the tip of the soldering iron - dip it in flux (in the same rosin as shown in the photo), and then in tin so that the tip is covered with a small layer of solder.

Tinning wires for soldering is quite simple - first you must place the bare wire on the rosin, then heat this place with a soldering iron so that the wires are immersed in the flux. After this, you need to take it out and treat it evenly on all sides with solder.

To properly apply the heated tin-lead alloy to the surface, twist the wire in your hands while tinning. If you need to connect the wires in a junction box, for convenience, you can use acid instead of rosin.

It is enough to simply apply it with a brush to the surface that you need to solder.

If the conductors have a large cross-section (thick), tinning is performed in a similar way. The only difference is that you do not need to pre-twist the cores, like a stranded conductor.

After you have completed the tinning, you can move on to the soldering process. We immediately draw your attention to the fact that it is necessary to carry out work only when the electricity is turned off. Soldering live wires is strictly prohibited!

Step 3 – Solder the wires

Well, the last thing left is to solder the two prepared wires in the junction box. All you need to do is twist or overlap the wires and heat the joint with a soldering iron. The solder will melt and after it hardens, it will reliably connect the electrical conductors. We discussed tips for connecting wires by soldering in a junction box separately.

An important point - do not move the wires during soldering, otherwise the connection will not be reliable enough.

It should also be noted that preliminary tinning does not need to be done, but simply twist the wires together in a junction box, treat them with flux and solder them properly. However, we do not recommend you soldering this way, because in this case the connection will be much worse.

Source: https://samelectrik.ru/uchimsya-payat-provoda-rassmotrenie-vsex-nyuansov-pajki.html

How to solder correctly with a soldering iron - how to learn how to solder aluminum and copper wires with a soldering iron yourself?

How to solder with a soldering iron?

This article will help you learn how to solder correctly with a soldering iron if you have not held one in your hands before. A soldering iron is a really necessary thing if you are a radio amateur, a system administrator, want to repair home electronics yourself, or if you want to learn something new and useful.

It is important to understand that if today you need to resolder wires in household appliances or solder the motherboard in a computer, reading one article will clearly not be enough. Despite its apparent simplicity, working with a soldering iron is almost an art that requires care, experience and a steady hand. Before you solder anything for a wire that has value, you should practice a fair amount on the consumable material.

Soldering iron operating principle

Understanding how a soldering iron works is not difficult. The heating element heats up to a high temperature ( 300 degrees and above ). Soldering is the process of absorbing a special substance (solder). It has a melting point lower than that of soldering wire.

The soldering iron melts the solder, which fills all the micropores of the metal, interacting with them at the molecular level. When cooled, it “sticks” and forms a stable connection between the two parts of the wire.

Soldering iron and tools needed for work

Answering the question “how to solder with a soldering iron”, it is necessary to touch upon the topic of the tools and consumables necessary for soldering. So, in order to solder correctly and efficiently, you will need:

• The soldering iron itself
• Special stand
• Solder
• Flux
• Additional tools

Additional tool

To solder conveniently and safely with a soldering iron, you should acquire the following items:

• Wire cutters. They bite off the wire, remove the insulation, and support the part during operation.
• File – for cleaning the heating part of the soldering iron
• Scalpel with tweezers. They will help you avoid burning your fingers when working with small parts.

Getting Started

The new soldering iron must be cleaned and tinned. You should plug it into the network for 15-20 minutes. In this case, the factory lubricant often begins to burn out, and the tool itself may smoke a little, this is not a big deal.

After warming up, you should carefully clean the work surface with a file, and then immediately dip it in solder. It is important not to let it oxidize. The tool is now ready for use.

It is important if the tip of your tool is made of metal ceramics. It cannot be processed with a file. There is a special damp cloth for this, and you need to gently wipe the surface with it.

How to solder a wire: process

It is very important to prepare the surface. There should be no foreign substances on it, such as grease, paint, varnish, or insulation residues. The success of all work depends on cleanliness. If there is anything, you should carefully clean it with a scalpel and wipe it so that no dust remains.

Next, you take a little solder with the tip and carefully solder it in the right place. This is not a very complicated process, but it requires a “tough” hand, and the very first time you are unlikely to get a beautiful and neat solder.

While working, it is worth remembering a number of rules:

• Soldering must be fast
• If you can't solder the wires right away, you should let them cool before the second attempt. This applies doubly to radio components or microcircuits
• The end of the tool should be applied with the entire surface, the process will be most effective

How to solder wires more securely? You should twist them before starting the procedure. After cooling, they are insulated with electrical tape to avoid short circuits during operation.

A good solder is shiny, even, and free of any cracks. Then it will last as long as possible, and you will not have problems with the device.

Safety precautions

How to solder with a soldering iron without getting burned? Safety precautions must be observed. Working with a soldering iron is not the best time to try your luck with violating safety rules. There are some simple tips:

• Clear the work surface of foreign objects
• Remove overly curious children and animals from the room
• Watch the cord - if you touch it with your foot or hand, there is a risk of burns
• If there are strangers in the room, warn them that you are working with a soldering iron on.
• Flux - just a little. If you use too much, it can splatter on your hand, or in the worst case, directly into your eyes.
• Each time you should take no more solder than 2 solderings . If you overdo it, it can drip onto the table, hand, or even worse, onto the soldered chip.

By following these simple rules, you will protect yourself from extremely unpleasant consequences. If you take your work seriously and don't leave your soldering machine unattended, there shouldn't be any problems.

Solder the wires properly

The further operation of the entire device depends on how the wire is soldered. Experienced craftsmen give a number of tips for high-quality and reliable soldering:

• If there is not enough solder, it will not be able to properly hold the parts together and fill all the gaps
• If there is insufficient amount of flux on the tip, the soldering site turns out to be heterogeneous and uneven, which negatively affects the result. This can happen when the instrument is heated, then the rosin evaporates before soldering is completed.
• When there is too much rosin, it can splash out and touch adjacent contacts or wires, and in the worst case, get on your hand

With experience comes the ability to heat the soldering iron to the desired temperature and use exactly as much solder as needed. Maintaining perfect balance, the solder independently takes the desired shape and flows correctly around the contacts. This is exactly what we need to strive for.

It is best to use soldering irons that have a thermostat. Then it is easy to maintain the desired temperature, which has a positive effect on the process and result of the work. A soldering iron without a regulator can quickly overheat, and its tip can turn black from oxidation. Then you have to turn it off periodically. Maintaining the required temperature is very difficult, and the soldering is not of sufficient quality.

How to solder efficiently with a soldering iron?

The best way to learn how to do something is to practice. Soldering is no exception. There are a number of exercises to help you master this undoubtedly complex but useful instrument.

You should take a bare or insulated wire (to practice stripping) and cut it into 12 equal pieces. To ensure that they are not too small, the optimal length is 30-40 centimeters (before cutting).

After cutting, you should take a soldering iron and form a cube from these blanks, using only a soldering iron and pliers. This will allow you to feel the instrument and get used to using it. Then the finished cooled cube should be taken in the palm of your hand and squeezed into a fist. The work is satisfactory if the adhesions remain intact. This can be practiced to keep your skills at a high level, even if you are an experienced professional and confident in yourself.

The second method of training to work with a soldering iron requires thin wire and a stripped cable. It needs to be wrapped around a wire, and then carefully soldered using a soldering iron and pliers. You should practice until you can solder the wires well the first time. After this, you should begin normal responsible work.

Regular practice will allow you to achieve significant progress in soldering very quickly. In no time, you will be able to repair your radio, wiring (with caution), or other home appliances yourself. But before that, you should entrust this matter to specialists so as not to risk expensive items.

Source: https://remont.youdo.com/articles/repair/paykapayalnikom/

How to properly solder wires with a soldering iron

Proper soldering of wires is reliable, durable and beautiful in appearance. To properly solder copper wires, you need to select solder, flux, and prepare the wire cores. The article discusses the question of how to properly solder copper wires of different sections with an electric soldering iron.

Tools and materials for soldering copper wires

Preparing a soldering iron for soldering wires

The choice of soldering iron power depends on the cross-section of the wires. For thin single-core and stranded copper wires and printed circuit board tracks, a soldering iron with a 3 mm tip and a power of 25 W is suitable. For wire sections of 2 mm or more, you need a 60 W soldering iron, and for massive parts, use a 200 W hammer soldering iron.

The soldering iron tip must be clean, without shells. To align the soldering iron tip, use a fine file. After processing the sting, it is tinned so that the copper does not oxidize. Another important element when soldering is the soldering iron stand. If you want to efficiently solder small wires and electronic board elements, you need to have a soldering iron tip temperature regulator.

With this regulator you can accurately set the temperature of the soldering iron for solders of different brands. The best option for a soldering iron tip temperature controller would be a device with a temperature sensor that is installed on the soldering iron tip. The set tip temperature will not depend on changes in the mains voltage.

Temperature regulator for soldering iron

Since soldering with an electric soldering iron produces toxic solder fumes and smoke from rosin, the workplace must be equipped with good exhaust ventilation. Workplace lighting should not be dim. To make it easier to repair electronic boards, you can purchase a special board holder with a lens and backlight.

You can make a simple temperature controller for a soldering iron with your own hands

Choosing flux and solder for soldering wires

Depending on the type of soldering, the brand of solder is selected. The most common brand of solder is POS-61. Tin-lead solder with a tin content of 61%. Its melting point is 190 C, and it is suitable for any soldering iron. This solder is used where there is no stress on the connection.

Solder characteristics

If the connection of the wires must be strong, choose POS 40 or POS 30 brand solder. It is convenient to use POS-61 solder in the form of a rod wound on a reel. Solder diameter is from 1 to 3 mm. Sometimes there is hollow solder with rosin poured inside.

Also, depending on the type of wire soldering, there are various fluxes, gels, and rosin. Flux is necessary when soldering wires, as it removes oxides from the surface of the wires being soldered, and also reduces the surface tension of the solder, which allows the solder to easily spread over the surfaces being welded.

Fluxes also degrease surfaces well. Another advantage of fluxes is the protection of heated surfaces from oxides. Without fluxes, soldering copper wires with a soldering iron would be difficult. Many fluxes contain active substances such as acids and solvents. These active substances remain on the surface of the wire and in the solder.

Over time, they destroy wire connections. Therefore, the PUE prohibits the use of active fluxes for soldering connections when installing electrical wiring, in electrical panels. These fluxes are also prohibited in the electronics industry, but many electricians use them, after all, not for themselves.

Rosin-based fluxes for soldering with an electric soldering iron

I don’t argue that such fluxes provide quick, convenient and even beautiful soldering, but no one thinks about the consequences. There is a rosin-based flux that has high performance when soldering wires with a soldering iron. The solderings are beautiful, durable and reliable.

This flux is also used when soldering electronic circuit boards. It's pretty easy to make. Usually they take a piece of rosin, break it into powder and dissolve it in any 90% alcohol in a ratio of 50% to 50%, by volume. Rosin dissolves easily in alcohol. To work with rosin, use a brush.

How to solder copper wires with a soldering iron

The first point of soldering is to clean the wires from the oxide film. Not only aluminum, but also copper is coated with an oxide film. Its presence on copper makes tinning of wires difficult; tinning occurs in patches and unevenly. Therefore, clean the copper wire with a sharp knife from all sides.

After removing the oxides, the surface of the wire is moistened with a brush with liquid rosin. Use the tip of a soldering iron to take a little solder and tinning the wire. You don’t have to twist the wire, move the soldering iron tip forward, and we see how the solder instantly spreads over the entire wire.

Solder with a 2 mm rod

Now, one more important point before soldering copper wires is the connection. Remember, all wire connections must be secure. Methods for attaching wires are shown in the figure below. You cannot overlap solder without fastening. The soldering turns out to be very weak, although even. Such soldering does not withstand mechanical load or slight vibration for a long time.

Methods for connecting wires by twisting

After connecting the tinned wires by twisting, apply a little liquid rosin with a brush and solder. A slight movement of the soldering iron tip forward from the insulation and perfect soldering is ready. Why can you solder from insulation here, because soldering with liquid rosin occurs in a very short time and the wire insulation does not have time to burn. After soldering, the remaining rosin is washed off with a stiff brush and alcohol.

Liquid rosin

Visually you can determine the quality of soldering of electrical wiring and electronic boards: 1. Soldering must be skeletal, that is, the skeletal connection of wires and element leads must be visible.

2. Soldering must be glossy, without shells or bubbles.

Source: http://electricavdome.ru/kak-pravilno-payat-provoda-payalnikom.html

Soldering wires with a soldering iron: how to do it right

One of the most reliable methods of connecting wires is soldering. This is a process in which the space between two conductors is filled with molten solder. In this case, the melting temperature of the solder must be lower than the melting temperature of the metals being joined. At home, soldering is most often used with a soldering iron - a small device powered by electricity. For normal operation, the power of the soldering iron must be at least 80-100 W.  

What you need for soldering with a soldering iron

In addition to the soldering iron itself, you will need solders, rosin or fluxes; it is advisable to have a stand. While working, you may need a small file and small pliers.

Most often you have to solder copper wires, for example, on headphones, when repairing household appliances, etc.

Rosin and fluxes

To get a good connection between the wires, it is necessary to clean them of contaminants, including oxide film. While mono-cores can still be cleaned manually, multi-core conductors cannot be cleaned properly. They are usually treated with rosin or flux - active substances that dissolve contaminants, including oxide film.

Both rosin and fluxes work well, but fluxes are easier to use - you can dip a brush into the solution and quickly process the wires. You need to put a conductor in rosin, then heat it with a soldering iron so that the molten substance envelops the entire surface of the metal. The disadvantage of using fluxes is that if they remain on the wires (and they do), they gradually corrode the adjacent sheath. To prevent this from happening, all soldering areas must be treated - the remaining flux must be washed off with alcohol.

Solders and fluxes for soldering copper wires with a soldering iron

Rosin is considered a universal remedy, and fluxes can be selected depending on the metal you are going to solder. In the case of wires, this is copper or aluminum. For copper and aluminum wires, use LTI-120 flux or borax.

A homemade flux made from rosin and denatured alcohol (1 to 5) works very well, and it’s also easy to make with your own hands. Add rosin to the alcohol (preferably dust or very small pieces of it) and shake until dissolved.

Then this composition can be used to treat conductors and strands before soldering.

Solders for soldering copper wires with a soldering iron use POS 60, POS 50 or POS 40 - tin-lead. For aluminum, zinc-based compounds are more suitable. The most common are TsO-12 and P250A (made of tin and zinc), grade A (zinc and tin with the addition of copper), TsA-15 (zinc with aluminum).

Convenient to use solder with rosin

It is very convenient to use solders that contain rosin (POS 61). In this case, there is no need to pre-treat each conductor in rosin separately. But for high-quality soldering, you must have a powerful soldering iron - 80-100 W, which can quickly heat the soldering area to the required temperatures.

Auxiliary materials

In order to properly solder wires with a soldering iron, you also need:

• Stand. It may be completely made of metal or have metal holders for a soldering iron attached to a wooden/plastic stand. It is also convenient if you have a small metal box for rosin. Soldering with a soldering iron is more convenient with a homemade or factory-made stand - not very important
• File. Before work, sharpen the tip of the soldering iron. It should be smooth and clean without traces of soot. Then it is easy to solder. This is how you need to sharpen the soldering iron tip
• Pliers. It is difficult to hold the wires with your fingers while soldering - copper and aluminum have high thermal conductivity, which leads to rapid heating of nearby areas. Therefore, it is more convenient to solder wires with a soldering iron if you hold them with pliers. The only thing is that the tool should be miniature, with thin handles and jaws. In principle, you can use tweezers, but it is advisable to put a heat-shrink tube on the top of it (where you hold it with your fingers) - the steel also heats up quickly. Pliers - to hold the wires

Alcohol may be required to wash off the flux, and electrical tape or heat-shrinkable tubes of various diameters for insulation. These are all the materials and tools without which soldering wires with a soldering iron is impossible.

The entire technology of soldering wires with a soldering iron can be divided into several successive stages. All of them are repeated in a certain sequence:

• Training of conductors. When soldering wires, they are freed from insulation. After this, the oxide film is removed from them mechanically. You can use a small piece of fine-grit sandpaper. The metal should shine and be light.
• Tinning. Heat the soldering iron to the melting temperature of the rosin (it begins to actively melt when touched). Take a conductor, bring it to a piece of rosin, heat it with a soldering iron so that the entire stripped part of the wire is immersed in rosin. Then take a drop of solder onto the soldering iron tip and spread it over the treated part of the conductor. The solder spreads quickly, covering the wire with a thin layer. To make it distributed faster and more evenly, the wire is turned slightly. After tinning, copper conductors lose their redness and become silvery. This is how all wires that need to be soldered are processed. Tinning the wires
•  The tinned conductors are folded together, straightening them with your fingers so that they fit snugly against each other. If the soldering needs to be long, you can twist it. Holding the conductors, take solder onto the tip, press it to the soldering site, applying some force. At the same time, the soldering area heats up, the rosin begins to boil, and the solder spreads. When it covers the entire area and flows between the conductors, we can consider that soldering the conductors with a soldering iron is completed. They are held motionless for some time - until the solder cools down (to speed up the process, they blow on this place).

That's all. In the same way, you can solder two or more wires, you can solder a wire to some contact pad (for example, when soldering headphones, you can solder the wire to a plug or to a pad on a headphone), etc.

After you have finished soldering the wires with a soldering iron and they have cooled down, the connection must be insulated. You can wrap electrical tape, put it on, and then heat up the heat shrink tube. When it comes to electrical wiring, it is usually recommended to first screw on a few turns of electrical tape, and then put a heat-shrinkable tube on top, which is heated.

Differences in technology when using flux

If active flux is used rather than rosin, the tinning process changes. The cleaned conductor is lubricated with the compound, and then heated with a soldering iron with a small amount of solder. Further everything is as described.

Soldering twists with flux - faster and easier

There are also differences when soldering twists with flux. In this case, you can not tin each wire, but twist it, then treat it with flux and immediately start soldering. The conductors don’t even need to be cleaned—the active compounds corrode the oxide film. But instead, you will have to wipe the soldering areas with alcohol to wash away the remnants of chemically aggressive substances.

Features of soldering stranded wires

The soldering technology described above is suitable for monocores. If the wire is multi-core, there are nuances: before tinning, the wires are untwisted so that everything can be dipped in rosin. When applying solder, you need to make sure that each wire is covered with a thin layer of solder. After cooling, the wires are twisted into one bundle again, then you can solder with a soldering iron as described above - dipping the tip into solder, heating the soldering area and applying tin.

When tinning, multi-core wires must be “fluffed”

Is it possible to solder copper wire to aluminum

Aluminum cannot be combined directly with other chemically active metals. Since copper is a chemically active material, copper and aluminum are not joined or soldered. The point is too different thermal conductivity and different current conductivity.

When current passes, aluminum heats up more and expands more. Copper heats up and expands much less.

Constant expansion/constriction to varying degrees leads to the fact that even the best contact is broken, a non-conducting film is formed, and everything stops working. That's why copper and aluminum are not soldered.

If there is such a need to connect copper and aluminum conductors, make a bolted connection. Take a bolt with a suitable nut and three washers. At the ends of the connected wires, rings are formed according to the size of the bolt. Take a bolt, put on one washer, then a conductor, another washer - the next conductor, a third washer on top and secure everything with a nut.

Aluminum and copper conductors cannot be soldered

There are several other ways to connect aluminum and copper lines, but soldering is not one of them. You can read about other methods here, but bolted is the simplest and most reliable.

Source: https://stroychik.ru/elektrika/pajka-provodov-payalnikom

Rules for soldering copper wires

One of the best ways to connect copper wires is soldering. It provides high strength and electrical conductivity. At the same time, soldering is easier to carry out than welding, and it is more reliable than simple twisting. Although the wires in junction boxes are often connected using self-clamping terminals such as WAGO, soldering techniques will not hurt any electrician to know.

You can learn how to solder copper wires in a few minutes, having all the necessary materials and equipment.

The essence of the process

The essence of the soldering process is that metals are joined together using an alloy that has a melting point lower than the melting point of the substances being joined.

During soldering, materials are heated to the melting temperature of the solder. This ensures very strong adhesion (sticking) - the property of materials to adhere to each other at the molecular level.

However, the main parts do not melt and mix with the solder material, as happens when welding using filler material.

Soldering iron and solder

Soldering irons are traditionally used for soldering copper wires. There are several types of them, including electric and gas. Soldering of copper wires is carried out using an electric soldering iron with a copper tip. This tool consists of a copper rod, sometimes nickel plated, that is mounted in a heating element housing.

The heating element operates on direct or alternating current. The supply voltage can vary from 12 to 220 V. For soldering copper wires of electrical wiring in the house, the most common soldering iron with a power of 60 W is suitable. If you need to solder thin wires of an electrical appliance, then a less powerful tool will do. It is important that it heats the copper material well and melts the solder.

To ensure high soldering quality and joint strength, it is necessary to remain still while the molten solder cools. You can hold the wires with your hands, but it is more convenient to use tweezers or clamps.

Tin-lead solder is used for soldering copper wires. Most often this is POS-61, but you can also take POS-40. The marking indicates the composition - tin-lead solder with a tin content of 61%.

Solder is usually produced in rods with a diameter of about 8 mm or in the form of solder wire with a diameter of 2 mm. General purpose solder is often used for soldering copper wires, which looks like a hollow tube of tin-lead alloy. Inside such a tube there is flux powder.

Application of flux

In order for the solder and the wire material to interact with each other, and the connection to be high-quality, the wires must be cleaned of the oxide film and only then soldered. For cleaning, you can use sandpaper, and for subsequent processing, use a special substance - flux.

Flux will not only clean copper wires, but will also create a thin protective film that prevents oxidation of the material.

It is allowed to use both solid flux - pine rosin, and liquid - various types of soldering acids or a homemade composition.

Sometimes, in order to correctly and firmly solder copper wires to each other or to any metal object, they use only liquid flux. You can prepare it by dissolving ordinary pine rosin in ethyl alcohol.

Soldering acid is prepared independently by dissolving zinc granules in hydrochloric acid in the proportion of 412 grams of zinc per 1 liter of acid.

But it’s better to buy ready-made flux that meets all quality standards, since bringing acidic compounds to copper wires is undesirable.

How to solder correctly

To reliably solder copper wires, you need to prepare a soldering iron. If you do not tin the tip before work, the solder will not stick, but will roll off the rod in balls. This happens because the tip is covered with a layer of copper oxide and carbon deposits formed during previous soldering.

Preparing the soldering iron

For ease of work, some specialists sharpen the tip with a flat file to give it the shape of a spatula or flat screwdriver. The sharpening angle should be 45-60 degrees.

A non-burning tip (eternal) cannot be sharpened under any circumstances; special sponges are used for it.

The mechanically cleaned tip must be heated and then tinned. To do this, it is coated with flux.

If the flux is solid (rosin), simply immerse the tip in it. The rosin will melt and cover the heated surface. After this, you need to touch the solder bar with a soldering iron and heat it up. The molten solder will coat the tip, protecting it from further oxidation.

The procedure for tinning a soldering iron must be repeated as carbon deposits form on it. This happens because the temperature of the tip is much higher than the melting point of the solder, and over time it begins to burn. To reduce the likelihood of this happening, it is recommended to use a soldering iron with temperature control.

Preparing the wires

The copper wires to be connected also need to be prepared for soldering. First, remove the insulation from the ends at a distance of about 4 cm, strip them, twist them together and tinning them. Copper wires can be tinned as follows:

• heat the twist with a soldering iron;
• coat with flux;
• Apply a small amount of solder, spreading it over the surface of the wire.

The actions are similar to those performed when tinning a soldering iron tip. If you are going to solder stranded copper wires, then you must stock up on liquid flux, since it will be very difficult to cover the entire surface of the copper “hairs” with molten solid rosin. To get a quality connection, you need to heat the stranded wire and then dip it in liquid flux, which will wet the entire surface intended for soldering.

Further, soldering of stranded and single-core copper wires is carried out in the same way. The two or more conductors being joined are heated together and solder is applied to them. After applying it, it is necessary to ensure that the joint remains motionless while it cools. It is not allowed to accelerate cooling by wetting it or blowing air on it.

Copper and aluminum connection

When connecting copper and aluminum wires by soldering, you can encounter many difficulties, which can only be overcome by using alternative connection methods.

The fact is that both aluminum and copper are covered with an oxide film in air.

And if these films themselves do not affect the state of the conductor in any way and even provide fairly good conductivity, then when combined they contribute to the occurrence of a powerful chemical reaction.

Under the influence of moisture contained in the air, at the point of contact between aluminum and copper oxides, the process of electrolysis begins, that is, an electric current is formed due to the fact that the ions of both materials have different electrical potentials.

Electric current is the movement of charged particles - ions, and during their movement, metals at the point of contact are destroyed. At the same time, aluminum is more destroyed. Destruction causes the contact to deteriorate, and subsequently the electrical resistance of the connection increases and it heats up. With severe corrosion, when direct contact between the two materials has already been lost, an electric arc occurs, which completes the destruction.

It is recommended to connect copper with aluminum only through a third, neutral material. Most often, steel terminal blocks or clamps are used for this.

Source: https://svaring.com/soldering/praktika/pajka-mednyh-provodov

How to choose the right soldering iron and learn how to solder wires

Soldering is the primary method of electrical and mechanical joining of both parts and wiring. But despite the apparent simplicity of the process, soldering is quite complex and painstaking. That is why, before picking up a soldering iron, you need to have a good idea of ​​what, why and, most importantly, how to solder wires.

Tools and accessories

Soldering, like any other technical process, involves the use of certain tools and accessories. You will need a few tools: a soldering iron, a knife, pliers, a file, sandpaper.

There are even fewer accessories - soldering flux and alcohol or gasoline are enough. Nevertheless, all of these are important components of the process and the choice of both must be taken extremely seriously.

Both the mechanical and electrical reliability of the soldered joint will depend on the quality of the soldering iron and the availability of the necessary accessories.

Selecting and preparing a soldering iron

This is perhaps the most crucial stage. A poorly chosen or improperly prepared tool will not produce high-quality soldering.

Power and type

The main criterion for choosing a soldering iron is its power. The industry produces instruments with power from 10 to 200 W and higher. The former can be the size of a fountain pen, the latter look like a natural hammer of impressive size.

Electric soldering irons with a power of 30 (left), 60 and 200 W.

All that remains is to decide which soldering iron to choose for soldering wires. Here everything will depend on the operation being performed, or more precisely, on the thickness and massiveness of the parts that need to be soldered. The more massive the parts, the greater the heat capacity the tool should have. An approximate dependence of the recommended soldering iron power on the task being performed can be presented in the following table:

• 15-25 W – small radio elements, microcircuits, conductors with a diameter of up to 0.3-0.5 mm;
• 30-40 W – large radio elements, wires with a diameter of up to 1 mm, including multi-core ones;
• 40-60 W – fairly large parts, conductors with a diameter of up to 2 mm;
• 100 W – massive parts, wires with a diameter of up to 3-4 mm;
• more than 100 W – power wiring with a diameter of more than 4 mm.

If you don’t have a soldering iron with the necessary characteristics at hand, you can take a slightly larger one in power, but not vice versa. With a massive device, it is possible to solder thin wires with a certain skill, but with a small and low-power thick one, it is almost never possible. Ideally, your household will have several electric soldering irons of varying power.

But what to do if there is no soldering iron of the required power or if it does not exist in nature at all? Trying to solder busbars into a pencil thick with a 100-watt soldering iron? In no case! In this situation, regular fire will help.

Place the parts prepared for soldering, for example, in the flame of a household gas burner or alcohol lamp and solder. Additional heating will help to perform high-quality soldering even with low-power tools.

The only thing is, when heating the wires over an open flame, do not overdo it - a little additional heating is enough.

Separately, it is worth noting the so-called “pistol” or pulse soldering irons, which were widely used, and even today are in service with craftsmen on the road.

A modern version of a pistol soldering iron.

At first glance, the advantages of such a device are obvious - it heats up instantly and cools down just as quickly. But this feature is convenient only for a narrow circle of specialists - on-call specialists. He came, took it out of the suitcase, poked it, put it in the suitcase, took the money and left. But anyone who has seriously worked with such soldering irons knows very well their shortcomings.

Source: https://pochini.guru/sovety-mastera/kak-payat-provoda

How to solder correctly with a soldering iron: what is required for soldering using rosin - Machine

In the modern world, saturated with electronics and electrical appliances, you need to know how to use a soldering iron. This skill will save a lot of time and money on repairing broken appliances. Despite the apparent complexity of this process, it is actually very easy to learn how to solder correctly with a soldering iron.

Soldering technology is to use a metal that has a lower melting point to connect more refractory metals.

Soldering irons

Soldering irons have several types, differing from each other in the heating method. According to this criterion, they are divided into electric, hot-air, induction, and hammer. The most popular in everyday life are electric soldering irons with a spiral or ceramic heater.

For each type of work you need to use a soldering iron of a certain power. For example, for soldering electronics, you will need a low-power soldering iron up to 40 W, and for parts with walls up to 1 mm you will need a more powerful device up to 100 W.

To solder together parts with a thickness of more than 2 mm, you will already need an electric hammer soldering iron with a power of 200-550 W. Such a device is unsuitable for everyday use, as it is intended for large-scale work and has a huge price.

Solders

Solder is essentially an alloy of metals with a low melting point. Solder usually contains tin, but due to its high price, a cheaper material, lead, is added to it.

Also, solder often contains auxiliary substances that are used to improve soldering strength or reduce the melting point.

Soft solders marked from POS-18 to POS-90 are very popular. The number in this abbreviation means the percentage of tin in the solder.

Hard solders are rarely used at home. They contain copper and zinc, which allows the solder not to melt until the temperature reaches 450˚C.

You need to know that solders with different compositions are suitable for different types of metals. For steel, POS-41 is better suited, for copper almost any solder is suitable, and for stainless steel - tin solder with cadmium.

It is best to determine what metal will be used for soldering before purchasing solder and, based on this information, purchase the appropriate solder.

Pastes

Solder pastes or tinol are a mixture of solder and flux. The paste is used for soldering in complex, hard-to-reach places. Tinol is also convenient to use for beginners without experience with a soldering iron.

Tool preparation

Don’t be afraid if the new soldering iron starts to smoke when you first turn it on. This occurs due to the burnout of the oil that preserves the instrument during long-term storage.

Before using a soldering iron, you should prepare its working part - the tip. It can be forged a little or sharpened to the required shape. If the working part of the soldering iron is coated with nickel, then such preparation is strictly prohibited.

The stores have a wide range of tips or tips for soldering irons, differing in sharpening. For large parts, a round tip with an angular sharpening is suitable, and for small parts, a sharp conical one.

If the soldering iron has a tip made of copper, then before work you need to tin it during the first heating. Tinning can be done by rubbing molten solder over a heated tip with a wooden block or by any other method.

The main thing is that upon first use the working part of the soldering iron is covered with a thin layer of solder. Otherwise, the soldering quality will be poor and the working part of the tool will be damaged.

Preparing parts

The preparation of parts does not depend on the metal from which they are made or the method of soldering them. Preparation always follows the same scheme - first the part is cleaned of contaminants and degreased.

For this purpose, use gasoline, acetone or other solvents. Rust must also be removed mechanically.

Temperature

The temperature of the soldering iron is the main parameter when working with it. When working with an insufficiently heated tool, the solder does not melt, but forms a lump.

To determine at what temperature you should solder, you need to know the melting temperature of the metal of the part and the solder. The temperature of the soldered parts should be 40-80 C˚ higher than the melting temperature of the solder, and the temperature of the tool tip should be 20-40 C˚ higher than the soldering temperature.

If the soldering iron does not have a temperature control function, then this parameter can be assessed using rosin. When touched by a soldering iron, it should boil, without instant combustion. Overheating will be indicated by the appearance on the solder, after touching it with a soldering iron, of a dark film consisting of oxidation products.

Soldering technique

1. Basically, soldering occurs in two ways: by applying solder to the parts using a soldering iron or by applying solder directly to the parts.
2. When using any of the methods, you must first clean and degrease the parts, secure them, heat the tool and treat the soldering area with flux.

If you are using a soldering iron to apply solder, melt a small amount of solder at the tip and transfer it to the soldering pad. Next you should move along the junction of the parts.

• If solder is applied directly to the junction, then the parts are first heated with a soldering iron, and then solder is supplied there later.
• If you plan to solder circuits, then it is better to find high-quality photo instructions on how to solder electronic circuits.

To evaluate the quality of work, you need to evaluate the color and shine of the junction. A high-quality solder has a pronounced shine; if the solder is burned through, it has a matte color and a fragile structure. The spongy structure of the solder indicates a defect.

For the first tests, it is best to use simple and inexpensive materials. The easiest way is to understand how to solder with tin and rosin correctly.

Photo recommendations on how to solder

1. We also recommend visiting:

Source: https://regionvtormet.ru/okrashivanie/kak-pravilno-payat-payalnikom-chto-trebuetsya-dlya-pajki-s-ispolzovaniem-kanifoli.html

How to properly solder two wires with a soldering iron?

> Knowledge base >

24.09.2018

Every man wondered how to solder two wires. Performing such actions is required when repairing household and computer equipment, electronic devices and machine tools. Before you get an answer to the question, you need to familiarize yourself with the tools and materials needed for the work.

What you need for soldering

Before you start soldering wires, you need to prepare:

1. Soldering iron. This is the main tool for working with metal products. It melts the solder, which is used to connect the elements of the microcircuit. The devices have different powers. The higher this indicator, the faster the soldering iron heats up. It is recommended to choose a tool with a power greater than 60 W. The soldering iron operates from a 220 V power supply.
2. Solder. This term refers to a tin-based alloy used to join metals with a high melting point. Solder is a long wire, less often tin is sold in small pieces.
3. Rosin (flux). Used for tinning microcircuit elements. Rosin provides reliable adhesion of metals to other materials.

Choosing rosin and fluxes

The choice of flux or rosin depends on what materials will be soldered:

1. Tinned parts. In this case, liquid rosin is used. You can replace it with flux paste, which does not dry out and does not require removal of residues. Rosin gel has a gel-like structure, the product is easily washed off with water.
2. Working with small radio components. Activated rosin fluxes, for example LTI-120, are suitable for this. Glycerin hydrazine paste also has positive qualities. However, after using this product, the parts must be degreased.
3. Soldering of iron, brass and copper parts of small sizes. Liquid Rosin Lux copes well with the task.
4. Connection of massive galvanized parts. In such cases, acid fluxes (orthophosphoric or soldering acid, Fim) are used. Acidic compounds work quickly, so the metal does not need to be heated for a long time.
5. Soldering of aluminum parts. To solder these types of wires, in the past the soldering iron tip was usually treated with rosin. However, now F-64 flux is used to work with aluminum and copper, which provides good adhesion of the metals. The product contains toxic chemicals, so it is recommended to work in a ventilated area. F-34 flux, which has less activity, is considered safer.

Additional materials

Additional materials that simplify working with a soldering iron include:

1. Stand. Provides convenience and safety of work. It is made from a thin metal sheet.
2. Braid to remove excess solder. Consists of flux-treated thin copper strands.
3. Device with clamps and magnifying glass. Provides convenience for working with small parts and a soldering iron.
4. Clamps, tweezers, pliers. Makes it easier to work with heated parts.

Soldering process with an electric soldering iron

How to solder wires, what you need to do for this:

1. Tin the soldering iron. To sharpen the tip, you need to use sandpaper until you get a smooth, shiny surface. After this, the heated tip is immersed in rosin and solder. The tip is applied to a wooden plank. The manipulations are repeated until the soldering iron tip acquires a silver color.
2. Tin the wires. They are cleared of braid and coated with rosin, and a soldering iron tip is placed on top. After the flux has melted, the wire is removed.
3. Solder the tinned parts. The tip of the device is treated with solder, the soldering area is heated to the required temperature. After covering the wires with tin, unnecessary movements are avoided. For quick cooling, use a fan.

Features of soldering when using flux

Soldering parts using flux has the following features:

1. The melting point for rosin should be lower than for solder. This condition is considered mandatory for strong adhesion of the parts.
2. The flux should not come into contact with molten tin. Each product forms a separate coating that ensures reliable connection of parts.
3. Rosin should be evenly distributed over surfaces.
4. Liquid flux must wet all parts to be sealed and have increased fluidity.
5. It is necessary to choose a product that dissolves and removes films of non-metallic materials that appear on surfaces.
6. It is necessary to use a flux that does not react with the materials being joined. This helps maintain the performance of the elements.

Source: https://odinelectric.ru/knowledgebase/kak-pravilno-spayat-dva-provoda-payalnikom

How to solder correctly with a soldering iron: what is required for soldering using rosin

Whatever innovations the modern market of tools for repairing radio equipment offers, the soldering iron remains one of the most reliable and safe devices.

The process of soldering wires and microcircuits is considered effective because it allows you to achieve the strongest possible connection between wires and small parts.

This result can be achieved by adding a special material to the contact area - solder, which has a lower melting point than that of the parts being connected.

Thus, soldering with a soldering iron is the effect of a certain temperature on different metal surfaces for their strong and high-quality connection. However, before you start working with a soldering iron, you should first understand the rules of soldering and other intricacies of this process.

How to solder correctly with a soldering iron and rosin

Rosin has such unique qualities as ease of dissolution in various organic compounds, for example, acetone or alcohol. When heated, this substance can break down complex chemical compounds such as copper, tin or lead. Therefore, proper use of rosin helps reduce the likelihood of spreading of the substance, destruction of the oxide coating, as well as high-quality tinning of soldered elements.

You also need to take into account that the thinner the tip of the soldering iron, the easier it will be to work with it, especially when it comes to soldering very thin wires and parts. Therefore, if it has not yet been sharpened, this should be done before starting work.

Process description

• First, you should prepare the workspace where you plan to seal the parts. To do this, you need to open the window, since the fumes that come from the solder heavily pollute the air. You should also take any sponge, soak it thoroughly in water and place it as close to the soldering iron as possible. Well, in order not to stain your work area with drops of solder, it is best to cover the surface on which you will be working with thick cardboard or some other similar covering.
• There must be a stand for the device at hand.
• Then you need to plug the soldering iron into a power outlet and heat it up. As the device heats up, a specific smell and noticeable smoke may appear - this is normal. The device will be ready for use immediately after the tip is completely heated and the smoke and unpleasant aroma have evaporated.
• After the tool has been calcined, it should be turned off.

  This is necessary in order to pre-clean the tip from dirt and plaque. It is best to clean the instrument while it is hot. To do this, you can use a prepared sponge or cloth.

• Then you need to turn on the soldering iron again and let it warm up thoroughly.
• After cleaning and heating the tool, you should carry out the process of tinning the tip of the soldering iron - covering the tip with a light layer of solder, in this case rosin.

  Thanks to this simple manipulation, the heat transfer between the parts that are intended for soldering will significantly increase.

• Next, you need to dip the tip of the heated device into rosin for a while so that a little solder accumulates on the tip. You should wait a little while until the solder heats up and begins to soften.
• Excess rosin can be removed using cardboard or other available tools.

• If you plan to solder one copper part, then one tinning will be enough - you need to touch the rosin once, then apply the tip of the soldering iron with solder to the working surface and wait a little until the wires are covered with solder. As a result of these manipulations, the rosin will begin to smoke, and the soldered parts will flow around the molten substance.
• In order to solder two parts efficiently, they also need to be tinned separately, that is, covered with solder. It should be remembered that the tinning process is a mandatory procedure, without which it will not be possible to properly solder the necessary parts.
• After finishing work with the soldering iron, while it is still warm, you need to remove the remaining solder.

  To do this, the tip of the tool just needs to be wiped with a damp cloth, or better yet, a sponge soaked in alcohol or any other composition intended for these purposes.

There should not be any particular difficulties when working with the tool. For everything to go smoothly, it is best to first practice working with rosin on parts that you won’t mind throwing away later. After all, experience always comes with practice.

In order to correctly solder copper wires using rosin, you must follow a certain sequence of actions.

• First prepare the wires . To do this, the ends of the wires that need to be soldered must be thoroughly stripped of insulation. All wires spliced ​​together are usually insulated using a special heat-shrinkable tube. If such a tube is present, then it must be cut using a sharp knife so that the length extends 2-7 mm beyond all seams. The insulating coating should be about two centimeters on each side of the wires being connected. The exposed ends of the wires must be burned to completely remove the insulation.
• Then the connected ends of the wires need to be provided with a high-quality mechanical connection. To do this, the two ends of the wire are twisted together so that their centers intersect tightly with each other. After this, the end of one wire should be twisted along the length of the cable. The same manipulation should be done with the second end of the other wire.
• Then you need to heat up the soldering iron to first tin the wires and then warm them up. To do this, a heated soldering iron is lowered into rosin and a little solder is taken, after which the device is passed a couple of times along the ends of the wire. During tinning, the wire should be rotated and heated, which will help ensure an even coating of rosin.
• At the end of the work, the finished wire should be insulated . To do this, you need to put the heat shrink back on the already soldered wires. This will not only help cover the connection, but also heat it, making the soldered wire strong and flexible.

As you can see, there are no particular difficulties with soldering wires using rosin. The main thing is not to forget to tin the wire and check the quality of the soldering. If necessary, tinning should be repeated several times until the wires are firmly connected with solder.

Important Tips

Having figured out how to use a soldering iron, you should consider several recommendations for working with this tool.

• Before starting work, to ensure high-quality soldering of parts, you should always clean the tip of the tool. You need to understand that only thanks to the soldering iron tip the thermal conductivity and quality of the connection are enhanced. You can use a damp sponge for cleaning. After cleaning, the tip of the device should be immediately dipped in rosin so that it is covered with a thin layer of solder, which prevents oxide deposits from interfering with high-quality soldering of parts.
• You should always solder small and thin parts first, since the tip of the device at the beginning of its use will be as thin and precise as possible.
• Before soldering parts, their surface must be thoroughly cleaned of dirt and acid. Cleaning the surface of soldered objects is done using a sharp tool - sandpaper or a regular knife. This is done until the surface of the wires noticeably brightens. After which the contacts are tinned and connected using solder.
• If you need to solder some part without using a soldering iron, you can use rosin, previously dissolved in alcohol. The resulting mixture can be applied to the desired surface using any thin tool, such as a screwdriver.
• The highest quality soldering can be achieved by using solder with rosin.
• In order to correctly and tightly solder wires and other parts using solder, you first need to heat the joints with a soldering iron.
• The mistake of many is poor heating of the soldering iron. If this happens, the parts do not connect well. Therefore, before you start using the tool, you need to warm it up thoroughly.
• However, severe overheating of a soldering iron with maximum power can also negatively affect the quality of work. You need to understand that there are different temperature conditions intended for a specific type of work.
• Soldering temperature is a very important nuance. For example, to seal various microcircuits, the temperature should be no more than 250 degrees. But in order to connect radio components, you will need to heat the soldering iron to more than 300 degrees.
• When working with electrical appliances, safety precautions must be observed. To do this, you need to make sure that the window is open and the socket is working. This is due to the fact that when working with solder, harmful chemical elements are released that negatively affect health. As for the serviceability of the outlet, this is also a very important point - in the process of severe overheating, fires often occur. Therefore, the workplace must first be prepared and secured, and only then can we begin to work.

If you take note of these little tricks , the process of soldering parts will go quickly, and most importantly, with high quality.

A soldering iron is a universal tool with which you can quickly connect broken wires or contacts, as well as quickly repair a microcircuit or connect light metal surfaces.

The ease of operation of the device allows any man to learn how to use it in the shortest possible time.

And what is important: working with a soldering iron does not require any professional skills.

Source: https://tokar.guru/instrumenty/payalniki/kak-pravilno-polzovatsya-payalnikom-s-kanifolyu-uchimsya-payat.html