How to sharpen Electric Planer knives at home

How to make a sharpening device and sharpen a plane knife or chisel with your own hands

The blade of a carpentry tool is designed for processing wood. It experiences greater loads for a long time than the blade of a regular knife.

Therefore, it is given an original shape that requires sharpening using special methods. A high-quality cutting edge accessible to the beginner is created by a simple sharpening trolley.

The article, based on personal experience, contains practical advice for a home craftsman on how to make a simple device for sharpening a plane knife or other tool with an explanation of the operating technology with diagrams, pictures and a video.

The entire process of creating the cart took literally half an hour and took place in the kitchen. This technology is called: assembly on a knee or stool. It does not require complex equipment and allows you to make a device from the most accessible parts. At the same time, nothing prevents you from assembling such a tool for professional work not from wood, but from metal, using professional equipment.

Geometry of a plane blade, chisel, chisel

The optimal profile of the cutting edge of a carpentry tool was formed experimentally. It is slightly different from the usual cross-section of a regular knife, described in the article on the rules for sharpening a blade.

Although the blade blade also has a rectangular shape.

A one-sided profile is created in the cross section of the carpentry tool blade.

We can say that the plane of the bevels is aligned with the approach, and the cutting edge is finally finished due to the formation of micro-approaches during polishing on the grinding belt.

The sharpening angle can vary from 25 to 45 degrees. It depends on the density of the wood being processed.

How to make a sharpening device

First you need to prepare all the necessary equipment for assembly, and then proceed with installation.

Preparatory stage

I needed to find supplies and assemble a simple tool.

Necessary materials

I made the sharpening cart from a wooden block and two pieces of laminate. The wheels were a pair of identically sized bearings. Their internal diameter turned out to be slightly less than the thickness of the selected wood.

For fasteners I chose two screws with countersunk heads and a pair of six-centimeter studs with a diameter of 4 mm with ready-made figured nuts. Thicker structures can also be used.

Tools

An ordinary electric drill is needed to drill several holes. In addition to this you will need:

tape measure, ruler or caliper;
pencil for marking;
sharp knife for woodworking;
hacksaw;
chisel;
hammer;
plane knife.

Creating the Cart Body

I drew a center line on a piece of laminate with a pencil. I marked two points on it, slightly wider than the plane knife.

I used a drill to drill holes for 4 mm studs. Then I laid this laminate on the second one and, using the first element as a template, drilled it in the same way.

The result was two blanks for attaching the plane knife with holes located slightly larger than its width.

Now we need to transfer this dimension to the body of the future sharpening cart. To do this, place the prepared block in a vertical position and use the same drill to make a bevel hole, stepping back from its edge to a distance slightly greater than the width of the bearing wheel (photo 1).

It is convenient to perform such work on a drilling machine. Since he was far from me, I had to use a simple drill.

I inserted a pin into the drilled hole and put a laminate piece on it (photo 2).

It served as a marking for drilling the second vertical hole (photos 3 and 4). At the same time, the disadvantages of working without a drilling machine appeared: deviation of the drill on the reverse side from the vertical line. The picture is not pleasant, but quite acceptable.

In order for the stud heads and fastening nuts to be hidden in the block, it was necessary to perform a shallow countersink with a thicker drill bit.

Then I inserted the studs into the prepared holes (photo 1) and screwed the nuts onto them from the back side.

After screwing the nuts tightly, the heads of the studs (photo 2) and the nuts themselves (photo 3) were hidden flush inside the wood.

I secured the bottom plate of the laminate to this block using screws. It had to be drilled (photo 1, 2) and countersinked (photo 3, 4) directly on a wooden block.

I screwed screws into the prepared holes using a screwdriver flush with the top surface of the plate.

This photo shows another drilling defect caused by careless countersinking: to the right of the second screw, a solid hole of large diameter has formed in the laminate. Reason: accidental pressure on the drill body during operation. Therefore, we had to redo this operation. Take my mistake into account and drill carefully.

The excess wood of the block was simply cut off with a hacksaw.

All that remains is to attach the bearings to the prepared cart body.

Wheel mounting

I marked lines in the block with a pencil for installing the bearings.

The basic dimensions were taken to be the width of the laminate plate (photo 1) and the option of the lower arrangement of the wheels (photo 2). To do this, I used a piece of wood. Let me remind you that its thickness is slightly larger than the diameter of the inner race of the bearing.

All that's left is to do a little hacksaw work.

You can also use a chisel and hammer.

The result was a body blank on which the wheels remained to be attached.

To do this, I drew a center line for the centers of the bearings with a pencil, and also made appropriate markings at the ends.

With its help, I used a knife to give the rectangular protrusions the shape of a cylinder.

I adjusted the cuts with a rasp.

I installed bearings on them.

I smeared their mounting plane with glue for subsequent strength and hammered it with a hammer until it fits completely.

I installed a second laminate fixing plate on top. I inserted a plane blade between them and secured it at a certain angle to the surface of the base with fastening nuts. The result was a homemade sharpening cart.

How to sharpen a plane knife

The first attempt at straightening the cutting edge showed good performance of the created device for sharpening carpentry tools, but immediately pointed out its shortcomings, which were made in a hurry.

About the body height

To create a high-quality cutting edge, you need to set the sharpening angle correctly. It is formed by extending the blade of a plane, used as the hypotenuse of a right triangle.

This factor must be taken into account when creating the cart height. To form the sharpest corners, I needed to extend the knife out of the sharpening device as much as possible, and this is not very convenient.

Therefore, when setting up, I reduced the height of the device to a minimum by cutting off part of the body. It only took a few minutes, and the capabilities and ease of use of the tool expanded.

About the width of the distance between the wheels

A mistake was made here too. A wide cart requires a large whetstone or large area sandpaper. It's not economical.

I reduced the distance between the ball bearings as much as possible, and they began to fit on a homemade whetstone I made from ceramic tiles. With its help, it is convenient to fine-tune the cutting edge after straightening it on coarse-grained sandpaper.

Other recommendations

The block body I made is more conveniently made from three components:

lower, serving as an axis for fastening the wheels and attached to the upper adapter;
medium rectangular;
the top of the fixed mounting plate.

The lower blank with bearings can be made narrower than the width of the plane blade and secured with separate screws to the middle one, and the studs can be placed in the middle and upper parts. In this case, the cutting tool will become more convenient.

Sharpening technology

There is nothing complicated in this matter if you install the plane blade correctly. Its feed plane must lie exactly on the surface of the grindstone at the moment when the trolley is in the working position. We need to pay attention to:

density and uniformity of surface contact;
strictly perpendicular position of the cutting edge relative to the direction of movement of the sharpening cart;
no obstacles in the way of the wheels.

The sharpening itself is quick. My assistant, a primary school student, performed this simple job with great interest, rolling the prepared device along an evenly spread strip of sandpaper.

He got a fairly satisfactory result: a completely normal, smooth cutting edge, but not a fully formed bevel plane at the bottom.

I just have a little work left to do to fix this defect. Then I brought the cutting surface to good condition on a homemade fine-grit whetstone.

Surface quality has improved. Next you need to edit the leather or rubber with GOI paste.

But even in this state, the plane began to plane the wood well, creating thin and uniform chips.

In concluding the presentation of the material, I would like to draw your attention to the fact that the devices for sharpening the knives of a plane, chisel and other carpentry tools have different designs. The simplest ones are created from an ordinary wooden block, in which a cut is made at an angle to attach the cutting blade.

This whetstone is used to guide the grindstone. The sharpening is quite satisfactory, but additional friction occurs on the wood, which also gradually wears down. And in the described design, rolling bearings relieve this load.

The design I recommend is intended for beginners without practical experience. Professional carpenters use expensive and high-precision tools.

Andrey Yarmolkevich talks about them in detail in his video “Sharpening a hand plane.”

If you still have questions about this topic, you can ask them in the comments. Now it’s convenient for you to share this material with your friends on social networks.

Source: https://HouseDiz.ru/kak-sdelat-prisposoblenie-dlya-zatochki-i-natochit-nozh-rubanka-ili-stamesku-svoimi-rukami/

How to sharpen electric planer knives

Parts made of wood have become quite widespread. To process the surface layer, a plane is used - a fairly common tool that has a blade. It removes the surface layer and is used to process rough edges. With prolonged use of the product, there is a possibility that the degree of sharpening of the cutting edge will deteriorate.

It is worth considering that hard wood wears out the cutting part of the device the most. Even larger defects appear on the surface when the device bumps into a nail or other element. A device for sharpening knives is found quite often, and homemade devices are also found.

It is recommended to carry out periodic maintenance of the plane, which allows you to maintain the basic properties of the product.

Planer knives: which ones can be sharpened

The main element of the mechanism in question are knives. Their cutting part can wear out quickly under certain conditions. When operating planes, attention should be paid to the fact that there are two types of devices:

Manual ones are extremely common today. In the manufacture of the main part, plastic, metal or wood can be used. The blade is made using special steel, which is characterized by increased wear resistance.
Electric planers are used when processing large quantities of material. Thanks to the built-in motor, you can significantly increase the speed and efficiency of the process.

It is necessary to take into account the fact that an electric tool can have several incisors at once. Due to this, the efficiency of the process is significantly increased. The main part is made of tool steel or tungsten. It is worth considering that the tungsten cutting part cannot be sharpened; after severe wear, it must be replaced. In this case, the surface may differ in shape and some other parameters.

How can you tell if your plane knives need sharpening?

It is important to determine in a timely manner when the surface needs to be sharpened. A device for sharpening plane knives can be purchased or assembled yourself. Among the features we note the following:

The condition of the cutter can be determined by visually examining the chamfer edge. If upon inspection it turns out that there is a thin shiny tape, then you need to start sharpening.
Some products are equipped with double-sided knives. If the blade is severely worn, it is rotated, due to this the required performance can be ensured.

A device for sharpening plane knives can be used in accordance with certain recommendations. Do not forget that if you make a mistake, there is a possibility that a serious defect will appear, due to which it will not be possible to remove the material.

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How to sharpen planer knives correctly?

A wood planer should be used in accordance with basic recommendations. It is worth considering that you can sharpen a plane only by using the following tools:

A bar with a fine-grained surface.
Emery cloth with the required type of grinding wheel.
A leather belt with a special polishing paste, as well as a grinding stone.

Sharpening a plane at home allows you to quickly restore the condition of the cutting edge. If the knives are severely damaged, a large circle is required, which is designed to remove a large amount of material from the surface. Such a tool eliminates the possibility of the knife bending.

The best type of sandpaper for this task is sandpaper with two different wheels: one with coarse grain, the other with fine grain. This combination provides the most favorable working conditions.

Do not forget that improperly sharpened knives do not provide the proper quality of processing. That is why you need to take the task at hand responsibly.

One of the most important parameters is the sharpening angle. In most cases, this indicator varies from 25 to 45°. The most suitable parameter is selected depending on the hardness of the surface being processed. The angle is maintained when using a special template.

There are quite a large number of recommendations regarding the use of devices for sharpening plane knives. The main ones are the following:

At the time of work, it is not recommended to apply strong pressure, since in this case a large layer of metal will be removed. Such an error often becomes the reason why the tool simply fails.
When it comes into contact with the abrasive wheel, the steel heats up, due to which the ductility index significantly increases. That is why a specialist is recommended to periodically cool the metal in water.
After using a large grinding wheel, finishing is carried out with a fine-grained stone. The final stage consists of applying leather and a special paste, which allows you to obtain a perfectly smooth surface.

The above information indicates that the procedure is very complex to perform. Despite this, it is recommended to carry it out almost immediately after the first signs of loss of sharpening appear. If you postpone such a procedure, then over time the knives may become unusable.

Not all private workshops have special machines for sharpening knives. That is why it is often necessary to use a combination of a block and an abrasive.

It is best to have the knives of electric tools sharpened by specialists, since even minor defects can cause them to become completely unusable. At the same time, the cost of the product is very high.

Checking Blade Adjustment

After carrying out the procedure in question, the position of the knives should be adjusted. After installing them, you need to inspect the plane and evaluate how far the blade extends. The main recommendations are the following:

The optimal value is 0.5 mm. If you need to carry out rough processing and at the same time significantly increase productivity, the blade is moved out by 1 mm.
It is worth considering that too much clearance causes large chips to be produced. Therefore, conditions for obtaining a high-quality surface are not provided. If the gap is minimal, then the chip size will be insignificant, and this will lead to a significant increase in the processing time.

Do not forget that in comparison with other tools, this one is used for finer processing. Taking this into account, the location of the blades is adjusted, and the corresponding blade sharpening angle is selected.

How to evaluate the quality of sharpening?

Having maintained a certain sharpening angle of the plane knife and carried out the final grinding, you should check the quality of the work done. It is worth considering that quality is determined by the type of chips obtained.

The check involves running a plane over the surface of the workpiece. If the surface turns out smooth, then the procedure performed was correct.

Types of equipment for sharpening knives

The device used for sharpening planer knives can be classified according to a fairly large number of different characteristics. Among the features of the classification, we note the following points:

There are manual and mechanized devices. The first option is easier to use and much cheaper, while the second allows you to significantly increase processing speed. Electric tools have become quite common these days.
When considering the device for sharpening planer knives, you should pay attention to the grain size of the abrasive. Too large grains cause rapid material removal; reducing their size allows you to reduce the thickness of the removed layer in one pass.
There are homemade and purchased devices. A homemade sharpener copes with the task.

A large number of different companies are engaged in the production of sharpening devices. In many ways, the popularity of the brand determines the cost of the mechanism.

Why is hand sharpening necessary?

Hand plane sharpening is used exclusively for its intended purpose. Among the features of use, we note the following:

The device is suitable for sharpening the cutting edge of a plane, as well as many other products.
A similar mechanism can remove metal from the surface. The abrasive can have different grain sizes, which determines the amount of material removed in one pass.

In most cases, a manual device is used when it is necessary to process a complex surface. Unlike electrical equipment, the mechanism is quite simple and costs a small amount. Also, when using such a tool, a knife can be sharpened, which also has a cutting edge.

Sharpening plane knives on a machine and adjusting them

It is worth considering the point that sharpening a plane involves its setting and adjustment. A similar process also involves adjusting the degree of blade extension. The sharpening procedure itself is characterized by the following features:

The procedure involves removing metal from the cutting edge.
It is important to maintain the proper angle, since an incorrect angle causes a decrease in the effectiveness of the tool. The correct angle is maintained using a special device.

Sharpening when using the machine is simplified, since it is possible to secure the workpiece securely and set the proper angle. At the same time, it is possible to replace nozzles with varying degrees of abrasiveness. Coarse grains are used initially to remove large amounts of material, while fine grains ensure high quality surfaces.

How to make a sharpening device?

If necessary, you can make the required device for sharpening plane knives yourself. This version is characterized by the following features:

Low cost.
Possibility of application in a wide variety of cases.
Versatility.
Long service life.

The only drawback is that you cannot change the sharpening angle. That is why the functionality of the device is significantly reduced.

Device for sharpening knives for planes

It is recommended to carry out periodic maintenance of the plane, which allows you to maintain the basic properties of the product.

Planer knives. Replacement and sharpening angles

A plane is perhaps the most popular tool in the arsenal of a home carpenter. That is why you need to know everything about replacing planer knives, their proper sharpening and operation. And how to choose the right knives for a plane, both manual and electric, to ensure maximum durability - these issues will be discussed further.

Knife operating conditions

All knives for hand planes (electric ones have some nuances, but more on that later) operate under conditions of significant loads on the blade, which manifests itself in increased shear stresses experienced by the metal.

The dynamics of the plane knife operation are as follows. When the tool moves back and forth, the knife cuts into the wood to a certain depth. Since the tree does not have any noticeable plasticity, a certain layer chips off with the formation of chips.

The chips themselves are also rarely long and quickly split into smaller fragments. This happens at the moment of “creeping” of the wood cut from the workpiece onto the inclined edge of the blade. As the plane moves further, a crack appears in the next layer, etc.

If you do not take into account the individual characteristics of the material being processed, then the durability of the planer knife is affected by the size of the passage - the maximum length of the broken chip fragment. With a decrease in span and a decrease in planing depth, the surface of the workpiece becomes cleaner and smoother, and at the same time the shear loads on the blade are reduced.

Since the chips break when bent upward, the greatest stress is caused in the plane block. Therefore, it is made from the hardest wood species. However, the durability of the block, as a rule, far exceeds the durability of the knife. This is explained:

More favorable block geometry, where there are no stress concentrators;
The situational desire of a carpenter (especially an inexperienced one) to increase the cutting depth, as a result of which the thickness of the passage increases;
Increased friction between the contact surfaces of the knife blade and the chips, as a result of which the temperature at the working edge of the knife increases.

These factors lead to rapid dulling of the blade. Therefore, the correct choice of the geometry of the knife for the plane, as well as the material from which the tool is made, is important.

Knife design

The knife of a hand plane consists of a working and a supporting part. In the configuration of the working part of the knife there are:

A chamfer that forms on the back of a blade. It reduces the force of cutting the knife into wood by eliminating friction of the rear part against the workpiece material.
The rake angle, which in most cases coincides with the accepted inclination of the knife in the plane body.
The back corner of the chamfer itself.
The working angle of the sharpening, which is equal to the difference between the values of the chamfer angle and the angle of inclination of the knife in the plane.

For the durability of the tool in question, the rake angle is of greatest importance: it is this that determines the smoothness of the planed surface, the conditions for removing chips from the processing zone and the load on the blade.

When choosing the optimal value for a given angle, the following factors are taken into account:

Physico-mechanical properties of the processed material . In particular, as hardness increases, the angle must be increased. For processing soft wood (linden, aspen, pine, larch) it is recommended to set the knife at an angle of 45±5°, for working on harder wood (hornbeam, oak, pear) - 60±5°, and when processing even harder materials - even up to 80°. Such recommendations are associated with the abrasive action produced by the passage of chips as they rise from the planing zone;
Type of planing . Almost every type of wood requires a certain angle of inclination of the plane to the plane of the workpiece being processed. For example, pine is best planed when the tool is tilted at a sharpening angle of the knives of a hand plane of 4050° from the axis of the board. Less soft grades are processed at sharpening angles of 2530°. This technique provides better planing quality, but the knife heats up more and, therefore, becomes dull faster;
Knife material and hardness . High-speed steels P12 or even P18 are most suitable for these purposes (for this reason, some home craftsmen use parts of friction saw blades that work under similar conditions to make plane knives). Planer knives made from ordinary tool steel type U7 or U8 will be less durable.

Sharpening knives for hand planes

The working edge of the knife is an edge, which still has a slight radius of curvature. Before sharpening, visually check the integrity of the edge: there should be no local metal tears on it. If they are present, the planer knives will have to be shortened.

To minimize the radius of curvature on the edge, sharpening is recommended to be carried out in two stages. First, primary sharpening is carried out: the dull knife from the chamfer side is brought to the periphery of the sharpening wheel and pressed firmly.

The speed of the sharpener should not exceed 600700 min-1, otherwise the metal removal will be significant. It is important not to overdo it with the pressing force, since blue-violet tarnish may appear on the steel - an unpleasant sign of tempering of the metal.

In this case, the hardness of the plane knife will decrease, and it will be necessary to restore the strength characteristics of the material through rather complex heat treatment (annealing + hardening + tempering).

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If there is no sharpener, proceed as follows. Sharpening a knife for a hand plane is done with a coarse-grained sharpening stone, which must be fixed on a workbench (both hands must remain free).

Sharpening is performed by circular movements of the chamfer along the surface of the block. In this case, it is advisable to periodically moisten the knife with water or soap solution.

This not only cleans the sharpened surface from the smallest particles of the knife metal, but also allows the tool to be cooled evenly.

The appearance of a thin burr on the blade along its entire length is a sign of transition to the second stage of sharpening. Here the tool is sharpened using a finer-grained stone that will remove the burr. The generally accepted gradation of bars according to their grain size is as follows:

High grit (30-180 µm): silicon carbide or corundum whetstones/sharpening stones. Used to remove large defects on knives, change the chamfer angle, etc.
Medium grit (720 µm): whetstones/sharpening stones made of electrocorundum or chromium dioxide. Suitable for pre-sharpening.
Fine grain size (35 microns). The materials are the same, the tool is used for final sharpening of knives.

After sharpening is completed, the knife blade is passed along a piece of hardwood, which will finally remove the burr fragments.

Sharpening electric planer knives

The main features of knives for drive-type planes are their double-sidedness, as well as work exclusively along the wood fibers. If the knives are made of tool steels, then they can be sharpened, while carbide knives will have to be replaced. When one part of the knife becomes dull, it is turned over to the opposite side and continued to be used.

The following versions of electric planer knives are distinguished:

Straight - they are used for working with narrow grooves on products;
Rounded – suitable for planing wider surfaces;
Curly or wavy, which are used to form textured surfaces on the product.

Knives also differ in their sizes, in particular, in length. For imported tools, the standard size is 82 mm; in practice, such knives are called “plates”. However, some domestic manufacturers produce knives that are compatible with foreign-made tools. High-power electric planers (designed for working with more durable wood) are equipped with thicker knives with a width of 110 mm. A special feature of these knives is the presence of mounting holes.

The longer the knife, the easier it is to sharpen. As in the previous case, it is important to know the material from which the knife is made. The process of sharpening knives for electric planers is as follows.

First, the current state of the cutting edge is determined. If a shiny stripe is clearly visible on the bevel of the knife, then such a tool needs to be sharpened. It is carried out at a sharpening angle of 30°, using a grinding wheel with a guide jig, pre-moistened with water.

Grinding can be performed using both reciprocating and circular movements of the knife. In the first option, movements should be performed across the working surface of the blade. Cooling during the grinding process is mandatory: electric planer knives operate at much higher speeds and are therefore extremely sensitive to a decrease in hardness.

This is exactly what will happen if grinding is carried out in ordinary air: the steel is released, and its hardness drops.

It should be noted that all models of electric planers are equipped with special holders. By securing a knife in such a holder, you can sharpen it relatively conveniently on a regular grinding block. During the sharpening process, the condition of the blade surface is visually monitored: the working edge should have a mirror surface.

After finishing work, the surface of the grinding wheel or block should be thoroughly cleaned of grease.

Source: https://proinstrumentinfo.ru/nozhi-dlya-rubanka-82-mm-110-mm-dlya-ruchnogo-rubanka-ugol-zatochki/

Determining the need for sharpening

The relevance of this issue primarily concerns carpentry tools, because working with wood does not tolerate inaccuracies. If something is cut off too much or the cut is oblique and does not correspond to the specified parameters, then the whole work will have to be redone.

Therefore, characteristics such as serviceability and quality are fundamental and require timely determination. This also applies to all types of planes, or more precisely, their knives, which must always be sharpened and ready for use.

To identify the need for sharpening, you need to pay attention to the following subtleties:

The knife blade is in constant contact with different materials, which leads to their gradual dulling. It must be remembered that it is located at a certain angle, and its sharpness ensures the accuracy and correctness of the cut.
In an electric planer, the knives are located directly on the rotating drum and have two cutting edges. When at least one of them becomes dull, the knife begins to turn over. Despite the fact that such knives are made of steel endowed with high strength (tungsten carbide), they also successfully become dull over time.

It is known that different shapes are an indicator inherent in all kinds of plane models. They can be straight, rounded and wavy. Some amateurs believe that straight-shaped knives become dull the most, but this is incorrect, this process can affect any structure, so it is necessary to monitor the condition.

People who, due to their professional duties, work almost constantly with wood processing, are more likely to encounter this phenomenon. Typically, changes are reflected in the quality and speed of work performed and are accompanied by the following symptoms:

difficulty making movements;
surfaces that have been worked with for a long time do not change their shape;
the appearance of a shiny thread-like strip on the chamfer (cutting edge).

If the entire list above is available, it means that the tool needs immediate sharpening, and delay will lead to difficulties at this stage of solving the problem.

Devices to solve the problem

In fact, solving this issue is easy and accessible, even with your own hands, using some recommendations:

Using a wooden block, you need to attach the tool knife to its upper part. The block is set at one angle and tilted directly towards the abrasive. As a result, we get an additional support point in the form of a knife edge that will be sharpened. Completing the work involves sharpening the blade at an angle of 30°; only under this condition will its normal functionality be ensured.
To do this, you just need to choose the right height of the bar used and the position of the knife on it.
Using a special block is also an accessible method from the point of view of independent implementation and the effectiveness of the result obtained.

This process involves following a step-by-step process, which includes:

Preparing the abrasive stone, which includes immersing it in water at room temperature for several minutes, which will avoid further sparks or dust. This is followed by its installation on the sharpening machine.
Fixing the knife on the surface of a special block. This device allows you to sharpen at the correct and required angle. The knife is installed and secured with nuts.
The sharpening process itself is carried out. The main thing is to ensure that there are no disturbances in the balancing of the knife; if this happens, then the further operation of the plane will be of poor quality and will require repeated adjustments.

Using special sharpeners, which can be purchased in specialized stores.

They have a low price, so by purchasing such equipment once, you provide yourself with a permanent solution to issues of this kind. Sharpeners are capable of sharpening the blades of not only planes, but also jointers from any manufacturer. Using this option, you need to pay special attention to the level of reliability of fixation of the knife itself. In the process, he should not change his position, otherwise all efforts will be in vain.

Regardless of which device is chosen, after the procedure it is necessary to align the blade and eliminate minor defects, for which it is advisable to use a barrel-shaped roller.

Source: https://MyTooling.ru/instrumenty/kak-tochit-nozhi-jelektrorubanka

How to sharpen planer knives with your own hands

Any craftsman must have all his tools in perfect condition. Otherwise, the work itself will be performed poorly and unprofessionally. This is especially noticeable with a carpenter. Working with wood does not like inaccuracies.

If you cut off a little extra, then everything will have to be redone. Therefore, the sharpness and serviceability of the tool must be at a high level. The same rule applies to the plane.

The most important element here is the knives, which are periodically dull. How can you sharpen them with your own hands?

How to determine the need for sharpening

While working with a plane, it comes into contact with the material with the blade of a knife.
The latter is located at a certain angle and, thanks to its sharpness, cuts the desired section of wood (or other material). The knives themselves in the electric planer are located on a rotating drum. Moreover, they can have two cutting edges. If one becomes dull, then the knife is simply turned over. The blade itself is made of high-strength tool steel or tungsten carbide.

Knives can have different shapes. In their work, carpenters use straight structures (the most common), and rounded, and even wavy. Each variety is used to perform specific work. Therefore, every master can always find a large assortment of planer knives.

If you often process elements made of hard wood, then even durable metal gradually begins to wear out. The more you work, the faster the edge of the knife becomes dull. Gradually, you yourself will feel that every movement is becoming more and more difficult. In this case, the work does not move, the original part does not change its outline. It is not worth bringing the blade to this state. The duller it is, the more difficult the sharpening process will be.

A dull plane blade will make the carpenter's job very difficult. It will be impossible to perform even a simple task with such a tool. It is quite easy to understand that a knife needs sharpening. To do this, you need to remove it from its place and look at the blade. If you notice a shiny thread-like strip on the cutting edge (chamfer), then it’s time for sharpening.

What devices can you use?

The easiest and most affordable way to do this kind of work with your own hands is to use a device in the form of a wooden block. The plane knife itself is fixed in its upper part. By placing the block at one angle, you tilt it towards the abrasive. As a result, we get another fulcrum - the edge of the knife itself, which we will sharpen.

A simple device in the form of a block for sharpening plane knives

It is worth remembering that the work should be carried out so that the blade is sharpened at an angle of 30 degrees. Only in this case will your plane work as it should.

To obtain such an angle, you need to correctly select the height of the wooden block and the position of the knife itself on it.

In addition to this simple and homemade method, there are others that are no less effective. To sharpen planer knives with your own hands, all you need is a special block. The process itself must be performed in several stages:

The first step is to prepare an abrasive stone. It is placed in water for a few minutes. This procedure allows the stone to absorb more water, which means there will be less dust and sparks during operation. After such “bathing”, the abrasive wheel is installed on a sharpening machine;
Now you need to fix the plane knife in a special block. This device allows you to sharpen at the desired angle. Many manufacturers produce special pads, so choosing the right option will not be difficult. The knife is installed in the designated place and secured with nuts;
Next, the sharpening itself is carried out. There shouldn't be any big difficulties here. The most important thing is that during this process the balancing of the knife is not disturbed. If this happens, the electric planer will not work properly.

Device with a clamp for sharpening plane knives

Some manufacturers of planes and other carpentry tools produce special devices for sharpening them. For example, you can find a special sharpener on sale. Such a device is capable of sharpening blades from planes and jointers from almost any manufacturer.

To sharpen, you need to install the knife in a special mount. Next, use the templates to set the required angle. The mount itself is equipped with a roller, with its help you can easily perform translational movements, thereby sharpening the blade.

But when using such a device, as with any other method of sharpening, it is necessary to pay special attention to the reliability of fixing the knife. Its plane must remain in place (at a certain angle to the sharpening surface) throughout the entire procedure. If this requirement is not met, the knife will be sharpened unevenly. This means that there is no point in talking about high quality when working.

After sharpening, it is advisable to correct the blade. Even with modern devices, minor defects can still occur. To prevent them from interfering with your work, it is advisable to pass the knife through a barrel-shaped roller. This device allows you to get rid of all small “tracks” and other defects in two or three passes.

From the video you will learn how to sharpen planer knives using a homemade machine.

We use a special machine

Many manufacturers of carpentry equipment offer their own devices for sharpening planer knives. For example, the company Tormek produces a special machine. With the help of such equipment, it will not be difficult to perform correct and high-quality sharpening with your own hands, even if you do not have the necessary skills.

The most effective sharpening of plane knives can be done using a sharpening machine

Machines similar to the Tormek brand have a powerful but low-speed electric motor. Thanks to this feature, the unit can operate continuously for a very long time. In addition, the speed of 90 rpm allows you to sharpen planer knives more efficiently. As a result, the blade is quite sharp and without any defects.

The sharpening process itself is performed in the following sequence:

After you have removed the knives from the plane, they are placed in a special holder. This device allows you to keep the tip at the desired angle to the grindstone;
further, the holder is installed on the sharpening machine using special fastening devices;
after that we start the device. The whetstone is half immersed in water, so it is constantly cooled as it rotates. This feature allows you to avoid creating a lot of dust and sparks during operation.

The sharpening process itself takes place in front of you. This allows you to control the operation of the sharpening machine. You can easily change the angle of the knife, the clamping force, the width of the chamfer, the speed of rotation of the whetstone and many other parameters.

This feature allows you to sharpen almost any tool from chisels to kitchen knives. It is not so important what metal they are made of.

Learning to work with such a machine is quite simple. It is enough to know at what angle and at what speed you should sharpen. By spending a little time on training, you can sharpen not only planer knives, but also any other tool.

Source: https://TeremizBrusa.ru/instrument/kak-natochit-nozhi-dlya-rubanka.html

How to sharpen knives for an electric planer yourself

One of the most important tools of a carpenter and joiner is a plane. Enterprises often use power tools to quickly complete work. However, the sharpness of the blades on them deteriorates faster than on hand tools. To continue removing wood quickly, efficiently, without damaging the workpieces, you need to sharpen the knives for the electric planer.

Knife on an electric planer for sharpening

Types of knives for electric planer

Planer knives are divided according to several factors. By form:

Rounded - they are used when working with wide workpieces. Using a rounded blade, you can make a neat transition between two or more planing planes.
Straight - used for planing small workpieces. Allows you to select a quarter.
Wave-shaped plane blades. With their help, they simulate the aging of wood.

A separate division concerns the length of the blades. It varies depending on what kind of power tool is used for planing.

Features of the work

Before you start sharpening, you need to select the sharpening angle of the plane knife. This indicator is influenced by various factors:

Properties of the tree that will be processed. To work with soft wood (larch, linden, pine, aspen), the optimal angle range is from 40 to 50 degrees. For hard wood (oak, hornbeam, maple, pear), set the angle to 55–65 degrees.
Setting the tool at a certain angle. The quality of planing also depends on this indicator. For soft wood - about 40 degrees, for hard wood - about 25.
The material from which the cutting edge is made.

After thoroughly studying the tool and selecting the materials to be processed, you can begin resharpening the plane at home.

Hand planes

Step-by-step instructions for sharpening a hand plane:

Determine the sharpening angle.
Unscrew the clamping bolts and remove the blade.
Place a coarse-grit whetstone in a vice.
Use the chamfer of the blade to make circular movements on the abrasive material.

Movements should be slow. When sharpening, the metal is moistened with water. After processing with large grains, a fine-grained stone is used. Sharpening of a plane, which is intended for manual planing, can be carried out on a special machine.

Sharpening a hand plane blade

Electric planers

The main difference between electric planer blades and hand tools is double-sided sharpening. When one side becomes dull, the knife is turned over to continue planing. Their sharpening is carried out using sharpening machines. Step-by-step instructions for sharpening planer knives:

Unscrew the blade from the tool.
Moisten the abrasive stone with water and set the speed to low.
Start the engine.

Minor damage and unevenness can be restored using sandpaper. We must not forget that blades for electric tools can be made of hard alloys. If such a cutting edge is dull on both sides, the element will have to be replaced.

Knives for electric planers become dull faster than those for hand tools.
This is due to high planing speeds. To sharpen them, it is necessary to use specialized equipment, accurately set the angles and the number of revolutions of the abrasive wheel. Exceeding the speed will lead to loss of hardness and destruction of the cutting edge. How to make a simple device for sharpening electric planer knives

How to sharpen knives for an electric planer yourself Link to main publication

Source: https://metalloy.ru/obrabotka/zatochka/nozha-elektrorubanka

How to sharpen electric planer knives video

» Articles » Construction and repair » Home workshop: how to sharpen a chisel by hand

Home workshop: how to sharpen a chisel by hand

Everyone knows that the key to careful and safe work is the use of sharp, and most importantly, properly sharpened tools.

A good chisel cuts wood without much effort, does not leave chips and rarely breaks, reducing the likelihood of damage to the workpiece and the worker’s hands.

You can sharpen a tool yourself in two ways: on an electrically driven machine or manually using sandpaper and a simple device made in a home workshop.

There are disadvantages to using an electrically driven abrasive disc for sharpening chisels:

High cost of equipment: the price of a machine equipped with clamps and adjustment of the sharpening angle can reach several tens of thousands of rubles;
Tool heating: During processing, it is necessary to cool the surface after each pass. Otherwise, there is a risk of overheating the metal and changing its properties;
Concave chamfer: the sanding disc is shaped like a circle, so the surface being sharpened is not flat, but slightly dented. A working edge with a concave chamfer is considered less resistant.

Based on the above, it can be recommended to use an electric machine only if there is significant damage to the cutting edge resulting from the snagging of metal objects, such as nails.

Making a device for sharpening chisels

In most cases, it is sufficient to periodically straighten the chisel by hand using emery cloth, which provides a flat bevel and is inexpensive. Every workshop always has some scraps of lumber left over; by choosing the right ones, you can make a simple device for sharpening chisels with your own hands. The photo shows a device with a sharpening angle of 25°; for other angles, you will need to make several of these homemade products.

The basis was taken from pieces of furniture chipboard and a small wooden block 40 mm thick. I also needed a piece of duralumin profile for the stop (replaced with anything suitable, even thick plywood) and several self-tapping screws. The dimensions in the drawing are not critical, the main thing is to make the correct angle of inclination.

All blanks are marked and cut out; the parts for the moving part of the homemade product should be especially carefully prepared: a bar, two corners and a stop for the chisel. The elements are fastened together using screws, for which holes are pre-drilled.

Sharpening chisels on sandpaper

Sandpaper is placed on the stand, a chisel rests against it along the stop and is pressed with a finger or a clamp. The blade is sharpened with smooth movements back and forth.

First, coarse sandpaper is used until the entire cutting edge is covered with even marks. Then we run the back side (back) of the blade along the sandpaper several times, removing burrs.

We change the abrasive material to a finer one and repeat all the steps again. The final finishing, after which there are not even small scratches left, can be done on a piece of leather using GOI paste or household cleaning powder.

How to sharpen a semicircular chisel

It is more difficult to sharpen a semicircular chisel by hand; you have to perform arc movements while maintaining the desired angle of inclination.

It will be much more convenient if you place the sanding sheet on your palm and bend it approximately to the shape of the tip. We move the chisel from side to side, periodically inspecting the blade.

The finishing of the inner side of a semicircular chisel is carried out on a block with an oval edge.

This is how, with only sandpaper and a simple device, you can keep your chisels in working condition. When carefully manufactured, such devices are in no way inferior to expensive and complex factory-made analogues.

It turns out that disposable electric planer knives can also be sharpened. You just need to make a simple device and use it to sharpen knives.

Watch the video to see how to make such a device.

I tried knives sharpened in this way to make a summer shower and a small structure for garden tools.

I planed about one cubic meter of raw 25 mm edged board.

Sharpening knives for an electric planer: wood processing

At the same time, both sides of the knives became dull. It turned out that one side of the knives is enough for 0.5 cubes. I worked on the road and the nearest store where you can buy such knives is more than 35 km away. so, the device was useful for straightening the sharpening.

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Source: https://crast.ru/instrumenty/kak-natochit-nozhi-jelektrorubanka-video

How to sharpen electric planer knives yourself - Machine tools, welding, metalworking