Why doesn't gold oxidize?

Why can gold turn black?

articles:

• Main reasons
• Cleaning the product

When purchasing gold jewelry, we often think that now we don’t need to take any care of it, because everyone knows that gold is a noble metal and does not enter into chemical reactions.

But now, after a few months, a coating seems to appear on our new ring, earrings or chain - the metal becomes dull, darkens, and, in the final stage, even turns black.

Since this phenomenon seems strange to many non-specialists, it is worth talking about the properties of gold alloys and their interaction with the environment, answering the question of why gold turns black.

Main reasons

It happens that a piece of jewelry quickly loses its shine and golden color, turning into something like an antique. A few centuries ago, in these cases they would have said that this was the result of damage to the owner of the jewelry; such misinterpretations still occur today, but science explains this phenomenon in a completely different way.

Let's look at the composition of gold in jewelry. If you purchased a model from 750 fineness, then you have a better chance of not getting a darkened surface, because there is 75% pure gold, and only 25% is copper, silver and other additives.

Alloys of 585 purity are already included in the risk group, but it is better to refuse specimens with even lower gold content and save up for something more worthy. The secret of a high-quality alloy is in the process of its manufacture.

Some unscrupulous jewelers change the original formula by adding more base metals in order to keep the extra grains of gold for themselves.

This violation of norms leads to gold turning black. This happens because the components of the alloy react with the external environment - air, water, secretions from your skin. As a result, the skin where you wear the jewelry will also turn black. This reaction of the product to wear is unacceptable, and you can safely contact the jeweler and demand the return of the product.

To prevent such a situation, you should buy jewelry only from jewelry houses that have proven themselves in the market, where product quality is a priority. However, be careful not to confuse blackening of the item with darkening of the skin underneath if it is new. This effect can be from the top polishing layer, which is applied to ensure the shine and presentation of the product.

The change in color of your gold jewelry may be due to your body. Gold jewelry can get dirty, just like an ordinary item. The properties of the metal do not change; it does not enter into an oxidative reaction, but becomes covered with dirt and dust. At risk are jewelry that is worn on the body and worn every day - wedding rings, body chains and crosses, and stud earrings for children. Our skin releases various substances to the surface in the form of sweat.

This is an absolutely natural process that cannot be stopped or corrected. The composition of sweat depends on the individual characteristics of a person, on what he eats, what he is sick with. Some elements reflect worse on the state of gold, which is why the surface darkens. Gold accumulates a layer of sediment and dust, resulting in a crust of dirt that looks like a darkening. Fortunately, cleaning the product can be quite simple.

There are substances that have a special effect on gold alloys. They contribute to the appearance of gray spots that are difficult to miss. First of all, these are mercury and iodine. They destroy the top layer of gold, that is, they are much more aggressive than ordinary pollution.

It will no longer be possible to restore the top layer, so such exposure should be avoided. Mercury can be found in cosmetics and medicinal substances.

Even a small dose can cause harm to the product, for example, if you apply cream or ointment with your finger on which the ring is placed, you risk soon seeing stains on its surface.

There are very interesting cases involving the effects of iodine. In addition to direct exposure to medical iodine, exposure to it is possible, for example, in a swimming pool. When going for a swim at a fitness or spa center, a rare woman takes off her jewelry, but sometimes iodine is added to the water, which can destroy the surface of the gold alloy.

Having received answers to the question of why your ring or chain has darkened, the gold will still have to be “reanimated”. If your option is the first, and the too cheap alloy begins to oxidize, nothing can be done.

The easiest way would be to sell the product at a pawnshop as scrap, and save the proceeds for a higher-quality model. If you see gray spots, you can contact a jeweler in the workshop and find out what can be done.

The simplest option is the second, when the question of why the decoration turned black received a simple everyday answer. In this case, the gold can be cleaned.

Cleaning the product

Gold can be cleaned with an ammonia solution at a concentration of 25%. Please note that the strong smell and vapor of the substance will not do you any good, so take care of protective gloves and a mask. Place the jewelry in the ammonia solution for 10 minutes and then rinse thoroughly with water.

You can use regular vinegar, wet a cotton swab, wrap it around the jewelry and leave for 15 minutes. Then the decoration also needs to be washed.

If the gold has only darkened a little, a soap solution can also do the job, which will gently remove dirt.

There is also an ultra-modern way: put the product in a container with Coca-Cola, which dissolves any plaque. The most traditional, “Soviet” method is the use of a mixture of ammonia and washing powder.

In order for the ring to regain its shine, you can rub it with a piece of woolen cloth.

Monitor the condition of your jewelry, wash it with soapy water for preventive purposes, and remove it when going for cosmetic procedures. The rules for their preservation are quite simple and will allow you to wear the jewelry for a long time. But the most important thing is not to make a mistake when purchasing; remember, only high-quality gold can serve faithfully, delighting with its bright color and resistance to influences.

Source: http://golden-inform.ru/ukrashenija/pochemu-cherneet-zoloto/

Why gold is valued: properties and features of the precious metal

Have you ever wondered why gold is more valuable than any other metal in the world? All kinds of jewelry and industries, glass production, aviation and space industries simply could not exist without it.

But why is gold so valuable in the world? To understand this, you need to know all its physical and chemical properties as a metal and, therefore, what determines its wide distribution in the world.

Gold and the ancient world

About 6,000 years ago, people began to meaningfully mine gold in Egypt. The oldest deposit of this precious metal, Nubia, hid about 6,000 tons. The first gold was mined by washing sands through cloth. Then they began to use more labor-intensive methods: separating the ore from the entire rock and grinding it.

Gold was used as a trade currency, a metal for making jewelry, dishes, weapons and armor for warriors. Since the ancient times of the emergence of mankind, this metal has been very common throughout the world.

Chemical and physical properties

1. Gold is a low-melting metal and therefore the most malleable. Melting point - 1064°C. Without heating, it can be forged into a layer about 0.1 microns thick. The most interesting thing is that in any form the metal retains its inherent properties. It will not be difficult for an experienced blacksmith to forge any, even the most elegant, figurine from this metal. Thanks to this plasticity, gold is used to cover temple domes and even create ultra-thin wires for microcircuits.

2. From a physics point of view, metal is good because it has low resistance and, at the same time, good thermal conductivity; it is also resistant to all kinds of oxidative processes (corrosion, etc.). Why gold is valued in science is because it has the ability to reflect infrared rays and, in particular, light. This determines the use of gold in the glazing of aircraft and all kinds of aircraft models, astronaut helmets and sea vessels.

3. Why is gold valued by jewelers? This metal lends itself well to all kinds of processing (soldering, polishing, etc.), and also easily forms alloys with any elements. These properties have become a powerful argument for taking the position of primacy of the main precious metal and raw material in the jewelry industry.

4. As a chemical substance, gold is an inert metal, meaning it does not react with natural substances. The only exception is mirror amalgam (gold and mercury). As a result, its dissolution in acids, alkalis, and, in principle, under normal conditions is excluded. Unless in “aqua regia” (a solution that is a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids) of a concentrated form and under some other special conditions.

5. Gold is a weak metal, which means another advantage is that it can be easily reduced to pure metal from any compound. For example, for amalgam, only 800°C is sufficient.

Gold in medicine

All the properties described above clearly show the value of gold. Since ancient times, people have even associated healing properties with this metal.

It was believed that it could cure any human ailment: relieve pain, cure allergies, improve memory, increase endurance and simply eliminate the effects of stress.

Moreover, there was no need to carry out any special procedures; it was enough to just wear gold jewelry. Some healers believed that this metal could even prolong life.

Why is gold valued today? Followers of alternative medicine also believe that it will help those who have problems with the liver, heart, skin, reproductive system, as well as in the prevention of influenza and other seasonal diseases, because this precious metal kills viruses and pathogens.

Also in cosmetology, products containing a certain proportion of colloidal gold have advantages.

What determines the color of a gold item?

Jewelers call the substance in its pure form red gold. Because it is soft and susceptible to deformation, it is not used for smelting jewelry. But in order to improve the quality of the product, give it a special color and shine, pure gold is used in alloys.

To obtain a yellow tint, it is mixed with silver and copper, red - with a large amount of copper, white - with palladium, platinum and nickel (this alloy is considered the most noble, but nickel is rarely used, as it can cause an allergic reaction).

To add a white shine, a thin layer of rhodium can be applied to the jewelry to increase the strength of the product and its anti-corrosion properties.

What color of decoration should you choose?

Rose and yellow gold were considered low-grade and practically unsuitable for jewelry set with precious stones. But during the Soviet era, rose gold was very common; its popularity is explained by the fact that it looks beautiful and has a relatively low cost.

The most luxurious and expensive metal of the upper class of society is white gold. It has excellent quality characteristics and, due to the high content of silver and palladium, a fairly high price.

Speaking from a fashion perspective, both white and yellow gold are equally in trend now, since the design of the product plays a significant role, and not the color or weight of the metal.

Gold classification (fineness concept)

The cost of the product does not depend on the color, but is determined by the fineness, that is, the amount of gold contained in the alloy.

Since jewelry is not made of pure gold, but of alloys with various metals, you need to ensure that jewelry does not interact with substances that contain iodine, mercury and chlorine.

The more craftsmen worked with this metal, the more varieties it appeared. How do you know which gold is more valuable?

For this purpose, all jewelry has a hallmark, for example, if it says 500 hallmark, it means that the product contains 50% pure gold. Accordingly, the higher the sample, the higher the cost.

A fair question arises: which standard of gold is valued higher? 999 is the highest mark of metal quality. But jewelers don't use it. It has found its application exclusively in coating all kinds of silver and other surfaces of products, protecting them from corrosion (tinsel). 585 and 750 samples are especially in demand among jewelers.

In Russia, these samples are most common, because they have an affordable price-quality ratio, which is why they are popular among a large number of the population of the post-Soviet space.

If we talk about 585 sample, it should be noted that it is very practical for daily use, even if you work in production.

But many are inclined to believe that since 750 gold has a higher gold content, it is definitely better. This is wrong. The more pure gold there is in a product, the softer it is, not as wear-resistant, and it can be accidentally damaged. Typically, it is more appropriate to purchase products of such a high standard for celebrations or other special occasions in your life.

How to buy a quality product

When the question is already closed: “Why is gold valued?”, we can talk about what you should pay attention to when buying products made from this noble metal.

First, find out the sample of the product and compare it with the sample on the tag. The jewelry must have a special stamp from the manufacturer - a kind of guarantor of quality and authenticity. Also, don’t forget to check the tag. It contains all the necessary information about the product, manufacturer, composition, weight, and so on.

Pay attention to the appearance of the product. Make sure that all fastenings and soldering points are of good quality. Also, there are no unevenness or pronounced defects in the jewelry.

Source: https://FB.ru/article/406815/pochemu-zoloto-tsenitsya-svoystva-i-osobennosti-dragotsennogo-metalla

Why does the skin turn black from gold on a person’s hands and body?

Gold is a noble precious metal. He is the cause of wars and battles; people fought and killed for him. Gold can make a person rich, beautiful and elegant.

Some consider it a despicable metal, others consider it the purest and most natural material for making jewelry.

Many people prefer to wear gold jewelry. It is customary that wedding rings are bought exclusively from this metal.

Other jewelry also gives the owner elegance and speaks of his status in society, material well-being and refined taste. 

The only disadvantage of such jewelry is the darkening of the skin.

What causes this reaction, whether you should worry about your health and how to correct the situation are the most common questions among jewelry owners.

It is worth understanding the causes of this problem, it is very common today.

Characteristics of gold

Gold is a yellow metal. It is extracted from rocks by washing. The density makes it easy to wash.

Real pure gold is yellow in color and can have a green tint. If the jewelry has a reddish tint, copper has been added to its composition.

Today, jewelry made from this material has various impurities. It is practically never found in its pure form.

Jewelry stores sell products made from a mixture of precious metals: gold, silver, copper, palladium.

Impact on humans

Jewelry that a person wears close to his body every day has an impact on his body.

We are not talking about those jewelry that are worn several times a month, on holidays or weekends. These are things that are not removed from the fingers, ears or neck. Most often - gold jewelry.

The influence of gold on humans:

№	Point of view	Influence
1	Psychological	The noble metal tones the nervous system. Gives confidence in actions and intentions. When wearing gold jewelry, a person may act a little arrogant. He feels on a subconscious level that he has something that many others cannot afford. For women, such jewelry gives confidence in their beauty. They become more relaxed
2	Spiritual	In ancient times, gold was considered a source of solar power and energy; it was given to warriors to give them strength in the fight. It was believed that if a warrior took a gold item from home, he would definitely return it. The yellow metal was endowed with special properties: it was believed that it drives away evil spirits, gives women beauty and fertility, and promotes a strong union. This is where the tradition of putting gold rings on each other's fingers on their wedding day came from.
3	Physiological	Metal tones the work of the heart and blood vessels. It is not recommended to constantly wear such things for people suffering from hypertension. Has a beneficial effect on brain activity: improves memory and brain function. According to unconfirmed reports, metal helps cope with head diseases

Why does the skin turn black?

Darkening of the skin under a gold item does not mean that a person is sick. It is worth dispelling myths about this effect.

What does darkening of the skin under gold jewelry indicate?

1. More often - about the low quality of the product. Gold does not oxidize if your jewelry causes a reaction - it contains many impurities. The product may be fake or of low standard.
2. Experiments have shown that in some cases, real gold jewelry can react with sweat released by people suffering from liver and kidney diseases. 

   This happens in 50% of cases. Sweat contains substances that react with metal. Low statistics do not allow us to talk about the reliability of the data.

3. Constant stress causes sweating. People exposed to stress are more likely to notice dark marks from jewelry.  

   Since almost any piece of jewelry contains impurities, frequent sweating causes a reaction that leaves dark marks on the skin.

4. Finished products are treated with polishing paste, which is difficult to wash off before sale. 

   It instantly reacts with the slightest signs of sweat and causes darkening. The decoration just needs to be cleaned.

5. If the skin under the ring darkens and you do not remove it, pay attention to the cream. Modern creams may contain substances that react with gold.  

   Clean your ring, finger, and try not using the cream for a while. This will help determine if the skin care product is causing the darkening.

6. The cause of the problem may be frequent consumption of meat. It adds substances to the blood that cause this effect.

What do the signs say?

Popular superstitions say that if the skin under the gold darkens, a spell or evil eye has been cast on the person.

Since gold is a noble metal, it senses changes in the human body and gives such a reaction.

Interesting fact! If a person’s cheeks are burning, someone is gossiping about him. To find out what kind of gossip this is, you need to run a gold piece across your cheek.  

If a dark line remains, they speak badly of you. A light stripe indicates that you are remembered with warmth, in a friendly conversation. Believe it or not - it's up to you.

Evil eye or damage?

The reliability of this data can be compared with the belief of ancient people that thunder is the wrath of the gods.

People no longer believe that the earth is round; they understand that natural disasters do not arise because the inhabitants angered Zeus. Superstitions should have been discarded long ago: there are explanations for everything.

They also contradict the Orthodox faith: the believer has no doubt, and all superstitions come from dark forces.

In our age, you can throw away all prejudices and not worry when you see a dark mark from the ring. Try taking the piece to a jewelry store so that a craftsman can assess the authenticity of the piece.

If it has many impurities and a lower sample, try returning the product. Exchange the product, or try not to get it wet.

Clean using ammonia - this method will help if the darkening is caused by the applied composition.

Source: https://LadyKisa.com/dom/cherneet-kozha-ot-zolota-na-tele-cheloveka-prichiny.html

Gold does not rust. Why are central banks buying precious metals at a record pace?

Global central banks are increasing gold reserves at an unprecedented pace. In the third quarter, they purchased $5.82 billion in gold, almost a quarter more than a year earlier. The record holders for purchases are the Bank of Russia and the Central Bank of Turkey. Why national banks stock up on gold and why they prefer the precious metal to the dollar - in the RIA Novosti material.

Golden fever

Central banks around the world bought more than 148 metric tons of gold in the past three months, up 22% from the same period last year, according to the World Gold Council.

The Bank of Russia purchased the most - 92 tons of gold. The Central Bank bought so much precious metal in one quarter only at the height of market reforms in 1993.

Taking into account the 106 tons purchased in the first half of the year, Russia's gold reserves exceeded 2,036 tons, its market value is approximately $78 billion. Thus, in terms of gold reserves, Russia entered the top five, second only to the United States (8133.5 tons), Germany (3369.7), Italy (2451.8) and France (2436).

If the Russian Central Bank continues to buy the precious metal at this rate, it will displace France from fourth place by 2020.

And judging by the recent statement of the first deputy chairman of the Central Bank, Dmitry Tulin, who called gold “a 100% guarantee of legal and political risks,” the Bank of Russia intends to increase purchases.

Other government regulators argue in much the same way. It should be noted that the most active buyers of gold in recent months have been Turkey and China - countries whose relations with the United States have sharply worsened.

It is no coincidence that Moscow, Ankara and Beijing became the largest sellers of American government bonds this year.

This year, the Central Bank has reduced investments in American government debt by almost eight times - to $14 billion (as of August). Now Russia is in the sixth ten global investors in Treasuries.

Since the end of last year, Türkiye has reduced its share of investments in American government debt by almost half.

Beijing has been regularly reducing the amount of US government bonds in foreign exchange reserves since April, when Washington introduced the first tariffs on imports of Chinese goods. In October alone, the People's Bank of China dumped three billion dollars worth of US securities, staging one of the largest sales since 2004.

Politically, this is quite logical: why lend to a state that is pursuing an openly unfriendly policy. However, economic considerations are perhaps more important.

Margin of safety

The world is approaching another era of instability, the prospect of a global crisis is becoming more real, and almost all experts are confident that the US economy and the dollar will suffer the most from the impending cataclysms.

In mid-October, economist Ulf Lindahl, director of currency market research firm AG Bisset Associates, said that the dollar was on the verge of collapse and would depreciate against the euro by 40% in the next five years.

Negative investor expectations are also evidenced by a recent Bank of America (BofA) survey of 174 investment fund managers with total assets of $518 billion.

Respondents reported reducing the weight of U.S. stocks in their portfolios by an average of 17% over the past two months due to increased volatility in U.S. markets.

According to most managers, investing in American assets today comes with risks. First of all, the trade war (this was indicated by 35% of respondents).

The tariffs imposed by Trump on the import of steel and aluminum, as well as on Chinese goods, have already negatively affected the quarterly reports of the largest American companies in the industrial sector.

Investors were especially upset by 3M and Caterpillar. The results of the fourth quarter promise to be even sadder.

The US trade war with China has spelled disaster for American farmers. In response to Trump's tariffs, Beijing stopped purchasing American agricultural products. As a result, since the end of May, market prices for soybeans have fallen by 18% (to the lowest level in ten years), and for corn - by 12%.

Wheat in the US fell by five percent, pork by 29%. Trump threatens new sanctions, Beijing threatens an adequate response, so American companies are preparing to count additional losses.

Dangerous Fed

Investment fund managers (31% of respondents) consider the policy of the Federal Reserve to be the second most important risk.

“By raising the cost of dollar borrowing, the Fed is simultaneously accelerating the rate of withdrawal of the three-and-a-half trillion dollars that have been flooded into global markets since the 2008 crisis,” said James Knightley, chief economist at ING. “Since October, the volume of balance sheet reduction operations has grown to $50 billion per month: the Fed will cancel $30 billion in Treasuries and $20 billion in mortgage bonds.”

As a result, firstly, the amount of free money for investment will sharply decrease, and secondly, the yield on government bonds will increase, so funds from the stock market will begin to flow into government securities.

In addition, the cost of borrowing for companies will increase, so that more and more money will be spent on servicing debts and less on development. As a result, the activity of sellers on American exchanges will increase, and buyers will weaken, which will lead to a rapid decline in quotes.

“Tightening monetary conditions in the form of a strong dollar and rising borrowing costs will become a drag on the economy and stock markets,” Knightley said.

Risky government debt

Among the top three risks, American investors also include the possibility of an economic recession in China due to a combination of two factors - a trade war and a huge domestic debt, estimated at seven trillion dollars.

As Lawrence Fink, head of the world's largest asset manager BlackRock, noted in an interview with CNBC, if “something goes wrong” with these debts or if China has to look for funds for large-scale fiscal stimulus due to a trade war, Beijing will have no other choice , except for the massive sale of American government debt.

As of the end of July, China held nearly $1.2 trillion in US government bonds. By throwing these securities onto the market, Beijing will doom the American economy to a financial crisis unprecedented in history.

It is quite logical that investors no longer consider the dollar as a defensive asset. After all, the main risks for markets today come from the United States - trade wars, the policy of the Federal Reserve, and a possible collapse in the American government debt market.

Therefore, in anticipation of new shocks, both investors and central banks are betting on the traditional anti-crisis asset - good old gold.

Source: https://www.russiapost.su/archives/159919

The effect of gold on the body. Who is suitable and who is not suitable for gold?

When gold heals

Gold jewelry should be worn during epidemics, as well as for those suffering from skin diseases. After all, gold has the property of disinfecting and killing harmful bacteria. It can also strengthen the immune system.

Gold has a positive effect on the heart and nervous system. Very useful for hypertensive patients.

Also, wearing gold jewelry will not harm those suffering from diseases of the heart, liver and biliary tract, depression, diseases of the joints and spine. Gold jewelry will be useful for women suffering from chronic metritis and uterine fibroadenoma.

In addition, wearing gold will help with epilepsy, hysteria and general loss of strength.

By the way, sometimes to get out of depression, just holding your favorite gold trinket in your hands for a few minutes is enough.

A gold ring will strengthen self-confidence and help you overcome any obstacles.

The most interesting thing is that gold behaves differently in different parts of the body. For example, gold chains and pendants will help with heart arrhythmia and calm you down. Therefore, it is especially advisable to wear them for people working in stressful conditions.

Metal therapy

The external use of metals for therapeutic purposes is called metal therapy. This is the name of the method of applying metal plates - gold, silver, copper - to diseased areas of the body.

This method is the simplest type of reflexology. If during acupuncture (another type of reflexology) a non-professional risks missing the desired point and, at best, the treatment will not be beneficial, then when applying the plates it is almost impossible to make a mistake. It’s as if the metal itself finds the sore spot and sticks to it.

Why does gold heal? When the plate comes into contact with human skin, an electric current is generated. Moreover, in the case of plates made of gold, copper, zinc, lead, the current flows from the metal to the skin. And in the case of silver and tin plates - on the contrary, from leather to metal.

Therefore, “diseases of deficiency” are treated with gold or copper plates, and “diseases of excess” with silver or tin plates.

Gold and silver plates are rarely used in metal therapy, primarily because they are expensive. At the same time, plates made of precious metals are the most effective. Gold, for example, tones and activates the activity of organs. Silver is calming and has an anti-inflammatory effect.

Negative influence of gold

Gold is not for everyone. How can you tell if wearing it is harmful to you?

The first signs indicating excessive sensitivity to gold are bad mood, deterioration of teeth, hair growth, problems with the liver and kidneys.

In addition, when wearing gold jewelry, as in everything else, you need to know when to stop. You can’t wear the same wedding ring all day without taking it off.

The fact is that there are many sensitive points on the hands, by stimulating which you can influence certain human organs. Constantly wearing a gold ring leads to a constant effect on some organs (the rings constantly affect some biologically active points). As a result, atherosclerosis, radiculitis, and inflammatory processes occur.

Therefore, any ring, even a wedding ring, must be removed periodically, at least while sleeping.

Wearing heavy and massive gold jewelry can also lead to poor health.
Ring, solid yellow gold

Gold is considered a very strong metal, which is suitable for people with already formed consciousness. Therefore, gold jewelry is not recommended for children.

In addition, gold provides a powerful energy boost to its owner. If your energy is already overflowing, it may be better to replace gold jewelry with items made from a “calmer” material.

By the way, it is not advisable to wear gold and silver together. These noble metals have the exact opposite effect on the body (gold tones, silver soothes). Therefore, the result of wearing them together is difficult to predict.

"Indicator" of disease

There is an opinion that if gold jewelry loses its shine, darkens or becomes cloudy, this is a sign that it is losing its healing properties. Or that his owner is seriously ill.

This is just pure nonsense. Gold can lose its appearance as a result of improper handling - scratches, dirt - or simply oxidize if the gold standard is low (see Caring for gold), but not from the terrible diseases of the owner.

Therefore, proper storage and wearing of gold, coupled with optimism and a good mood, can bring nothing but positivity.

Larisa Goroshanskaya

Dragocenno.com.ua

Source: https://doctor.kz/health/news/2010/09/30/10011

Why does silver and gold turn black on a person - what to do?

Everyone knows that silver and gold jewelry darkens over time. Wearing them is not very pleasant, especially since the cause of this phenomenon is not known. There is an opinion that metals darken due to health problems, damage, and the evil eye. I wouldn’t want to believe in all the superstitions, so I just cleaned the jewelry. In general, the question is interesting, so this article will discuss it in more detail.

Gold

Gold jewelry can darken quite quickly, especially if we are talking about 585 standard. This alloy contains only 85% real gold, which is why you should avoid purchasing it. The best option is to purchase 750 standard, in which the content of noble metal is much higher.

When purchasing jewelry, it is important to choose the right store. The fact is that some unscrupulous jewelers add more other metals to the alloy, and take the excess gold for themselves. Violation of standards leads to rapid darkening of the alloy, the particles of which come into contact with air, water, and the owner’s skin. Quite often, darkening of the skin at the contact site is also observed.

If you find any signs of counterfeiting, you should immediately contact the store for a return. Buying jewelry from trusted jewelry houses will help prevent such situations. It is important to take into account that new jewelry can also darken, in this case the reason lies in the properties of the polishing layer.

Darkening of the metal can also be caused by the individual properties of the body, which regularly secretes fluids. The jewelry becomes covered with dirt and dust, which causes its color to change.

Most often this happens when wearing everyday jewelry - wedding rings, crosses, etc. This process is considered natural; it cannot be stopped or corrected. The composition of each person's sweat is individual, it depends on nutrition and diseases.

The dark crust on the metal is a mixture of sweat, dirt and dust.

Some chemicals have a destructive effect on the metal, resulting in gray spots forming on its surface. They have aggressive properties and provide a stronger effect on metal compared to ordinary dust. Mercury is found in many medicines and cosmetics; even a small amount of ointment or cream poses a danger to the metal.

The likelihood of metal exposure to iodine increases when swimming in a pool. Many women wear jewelry in the water; the amount of iodine dissolved in the pool is quite enough to destroy the top layer of the alloy.

Silver

The situation with silver is similar. Since ancient times, it has been customary to associate its darkening with damage and the influence of evil forces. A trip to 3 churches and confession were supposed to help get rid of their influence. To believe in this or not is an individual question. There are other reasons for the darkening of metal, which you can learn about from the article.

Compound

Silver is considered a fairly soft metal; it does not require much force to bend it. To increase hardness and density, it is customary to add other metal compounds to the alloy (up to 8%). One such substance is copper, which oxidizes upon contact with air. High-quality jewelry is sprayed with radium, which is destroyed and causes the product to darken. A rapid loss of shine often indicates a fake, the presence of foreign inclusions in the alloy.

Health status

Darkening of silver jewelry is often observed during pregnancy, when there is a strong change in hormonal balance. This phenomenon may be associated with sweating. With kidney and liver diseases, silver items become lighter and begin to shine brighter. This reaction is caused by the release of nitrogen, which accompanies the listed pathologies. In such a situation, it is recommended to make an appointment with a doctor.

Other reasons

If the jewelry has been in the box for a long time, it may darken when in contact with other products. The cause may also be high humidity or dampness in the room. One of the reasons is also considered to be the contact of silver with other chemicals. Cleaning with a ring during a lesson can lead to rapid darkening of the metal.

Cleaning

Cleaning methods:

1. When cleaning jewelry, it is recommended to use a 25% ammonia solution; the procedure should be carried out wearing a protective mask and gloves. The product should be placed in a container with the solution for 10 minutes and rinsed with water.
2. Wrap the jewelry with a vinegar-soaked swab, hold for 15 minutes, and rinse.
3. Soap solution - helps get rid of minor dirt.
4. Place the products in a glass with Coca-Cola.
5. Preventative cleaning will help prevent the formation of dark summer. It is recommended to remove jewelry more often and send it for special procedures. It is also very important not to make a mistake with your choice and not to purchase a fake.

Conclusion

Conclusions:

1. Gold and silver often darken, most often due to the poor quality of the metals.
2. Jewelry can also become covered with dirt and dust, and metal alloys also cause a similar reaction.
3. Regular cleaning using available products will help get rid of dark deposits on products.

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Source: https://thebestvideo.ru/fun/poleznosti/cherneet-serebro-i-zoloto/

Why does gold turn black on the body?

Gold is a noble metal, so it is not subject to intense oxidation by moisture in the air; layers of corrosion are also not scary for such a metal. Nevertheless, gold turns black quite often, and the reasons for this can be very different. So why does gold turn black?

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Why does metal darken: the first reason

The product has lost its former color and shine

When an alloy is made to make jewelry from such a precious material, the ligature inscription is often broken. The fact is that such a precious metal in its pure form is practically not used in jewelry. In most cases, gold is used with the addition of a ligature.

Various materials can be used in the manufacture of ligatures, but the most commonly used metals in this regard are copper, silver and palladium. Such additives are made to ensure that jewelry has increased wear resistance.

Often during the production process the ligature is broken, and often this happens deliberately in order to reduce the financial costs of production. It is in such cases that the jewelry darkens and oxidizes, so it is recommended to return it to the store as quickly as possible.

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The second reason

A beautiful and precious metal darkens for other reasons. The human body contains waste products that are released through the skin. They are formed in the human body as a result of natural life processes. The environment contains a large number of different bulk substances.

This is what causes the precious metal to oxidize and form a film on it. The composition of such a film can vary, but most often it consists of sulfides, fat and dust particles.

All this leads to the fact that the jewelry becomes covered with a dark coating, but such a coating can be cleaned without any difficulty. To do this, you need to prepare a simple solution of ammonia and liquid soap.

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Why does gold on the body darken and oxidize?

Iodine can ruin gold items

A beautiful piece of jewelry can turn black for other reasons. The question often arises as to why the jewelry oxidizes on the finger. There may be many reasons for this, but most often this is due to the fact that many people (especially the fair sex) use a large number of cosmetic and pharmacological products.

These products are characterized by a high content of mercury or iodine compounds. Then the precious metal jewelry becomes covered with gray spots. And the main trouble is not even that the gold has darkened, but that it is not possible to get rid of such gray spots, since the destruction of sections of the metal occurred as a result of the negative effects of mercury and iodine.

As for the fact that gold oxidizes as a result of damage and the evil eye, these assumptions have no real basis.

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Other common reasons why metal darkens

If gold jewelry was purchased recently and begins to leave a dark mark on the skin, this is due to the following reasons:

1. Many jewelry stores coat their items with a special polishing paste before selling them. Dark spots appear on the finger if the jewelry coated with such a polishing paste has not been cleaned.
2. Often gold oxidizes as a result of the person wearing the jewelry eating a lot of meat. At first glance, there may seem to be no connection, but in fact, avid meat eaters produce sweat containing large amounts of nitrogen, which, when in contact with gold, causes dark spots to appear.
3. There is a common belief that the popular precious metal oxidizes on the body of those people who suffer from liver and kidney diseases. However, this fact has not been proven by medicine, since there are a large number of those who are not sick with anything like this, and gold still oxidizes on them.

Thus, gold in the ears and on the body turns black for various reasons. In any case, it is strongly recommended to purchase jewelry only from trusted stores that have a positive reputation. And then fingers, ears and other parts of the body will be decorated without harm to health. If you know the reason why such metal turns black, it will not be difficult to deal with it.

Source: https://grammzolota.ru/uhod/pochemu-cherneet-ushi.html

Causes of darkening of gold and ways to combat it

Why does gold turn black? The answer to this question interests many. There may be several reasons for this, from health problems to low-quality alloy from which the jewelry is made. It is not difficult to independently determine the reason why the metal suddenly changed color; just pay attention to the condition of the products.

articles

• If the product is new
• Other reasons
• What to do?

If the product is new

If the blackened metal was purchased recently, then the change in color indicates its low quality. When preparing the alloy, gold is “diluted”:

1. Silver.
2. Nickel.
3. Copper.

Blackened gold ring

Pure gold is not used to make jewelry because the metal is very ductile. Impurities will help increase its strength, so copper, nickel, silver and other metals that oxidize are added to jewelry.

If the amount of other metals in the alloy is greater than normal, then the jewelry may darken for no apparent reason.

You should get rid of such jewelry as soon as possible, take it to the store and return it under warranty, since the quality of the jewelry is questionable.

It is recommended to buy products that have a sample of 585 and 750.

What to do?

Proper care of gold is the key to its appearance. You need to clean your jewelry using special products that are sold in stores.

Caring for gold jewelry

You can care for your jewelry using ammonia and soap. In addition, there are several rules that will help keep your jewelry in its original form:

• It is worth storing the products in a box;
• polish gold using a special cloth;
• avoid contact with aggressive substances.

Gold does not oxidize, but the alloy contains copper, silver and nickel. Copper oxidizes upon contact with water, nickel oxidizes when exposed to air, and silver quickly darkens when exposed to the external environment.

It is worth keeping a close eye on your jewelry, especially if it is encrusted with stones, since such jewelry is difficult to clean: stones do not tolerate high temperatures and humidity.

Jewelry is capricious by nature, so not only external factors, but also other factors can affect the condition of the jewelry. If the alloy is of low quality, then the color of the product will change regardless of associated factors: contact with the human body, water and air. A jeweler will help you recognize a fake, but do not forget that any products made from precious metals need care.

We recommend other articles

Source: https://DedPodaril.com/zoloto/imform/pochemu-cherneet-zoloto.html

What substances does gold react with?

What reacts to gold? Gold can be considered inert; it does not react to environmental factors and is not subject to oxidation. For example, interactions of a metal with air and water do not in any way change the characteristics of the element.

Basic properties

The chemical properties of gold and other characteristics of the metal indicate that the element does not interact with the following reagents:

Gold cannot interact with these elements; an exception in its chemical properties is the compound of mercury and gold, which chemists call an amalgam.

The reaction with an acid or alkali does not occur even when heated: an increase in temperature does not in any way affect the condition of the element. This is what distinguishes gold and platinum from other metals that do not have the status of “noble”.

Large placer gold

If you immerse not pure gold in an acid or alkali, but an alloy from a master alloy, a reaction may occur; it will proceed more slowly. This will happen because the alloy contains other elements besides gold.

What does gold interact with? It reacts with the following substances:

• mercury;
• royal vodka;
• liquid bromine;
• aqueous solution of cyanide;
• potassium iodide.

Amalgam is a solid or liquid combination of mercury and other metals, including copper and silver. But iron does not react with mercury, for this reason it can be transported in lead tanks.

Dissolves in aqua regia, the formula of which includes nitric and hydrochloric acids, but only in concentrated form. The reaction proceeds faster if the solution is heated to a certain temperature. If you study historical documents, you can find an interesting image: a lion that swallows the disk of the sun - this is how alchemists depicted a similar reaction.

Gold dissolves in aqua regia

If you mix bromine or cyanide with water, you can get a solution in which gold will dissolve. The metal will react with substances, but only if there is enough oxygen for the reaction (without the latter it will not start). If the solution is heated, the reaction will proceed faster.

A similar reaction will begin if gold is immersed in a solution of iodine or potassium iodide.

A characteristic feature of the metal can also be considered that it begins to react to acids only when the temperature rises. For example, the reaction of gold with selenic acid begins only when the temperature of the solution increases. The acid must also have a high concentration.

Another characteristic feature of the element is its ability to be reduced to pure metal. So, in the case of amalgam, you just need to heat it to 800 degrees.

If we evaluate conditions far from laboratory ones, it is worth noting that gold cannot react with safe reagents. But most jewelry is made not from pure metal, but from an alloy. The ligature is diluted with silver, copper, nickel or other elements. For this reason, jewelry should be protected and its contact with chemicals and water should be avoided.

Gold has a number of other qualities that are not classified as chemical, but physical, such as:

1. The density is 19.32 g/cm3.
2. Hardness on the Mohs scale is a maximum of three points.
3. Heavy metal.
4. Malleable and plastic.
5. Has a yellow color.

Density is one of the main characteristics of an element; it is considered indicative. When searching for metal, it settles on the sluices, and light pieces of rock are washed away by the flow of water. Due to its density, the metal has a very decent weight. The density of the metal can be compared with only two elements from the periodic table - tungsten and uranium.

When assessing the density of a metal on a 10-point scale, it is given only three. Therefore, gold is easily affected and changes shape. An ingot of pure metal can be cut with a knife if desired, and a coin made of gold without any admixture of other elements can be damaged by trying to bite into it.

Gold is a heavy metal; if you fill half a glass with gold sand, it will weigh about 1 kg; lead has approximately the same weight.

The malleability and ductility of gold are qualities that are in demand not only in the jewelry industry. You can easily break a piece of metal into a thin sheet. This kind of gold is called leaf; it is used as a covering for church domes, thereby protecting it from aggressive environmental factors.

Yellow is the color of the Sun, a sign of wealth and prosperity, for this reason gold is associated with prosperity, and jewelry made from this metal is designed to emphasize the status of the owner and his material condition.

Gold is an element of group 11 of the periodic table, denoted by the symbol Au, Aurum is the Latin name. In the periodic table, the metal has number 79.

Additional Information

Dmitry Mendeleev had not yet decided what number in his table gold would be located under and what symbol it would be designated by. But the metal was already popular among monarchs and nobles. Its color and characteristics surprised scientists of that time and for this reason the element was endowed with magical properties.

Alchemists believed that gold would help:

• cure heart disease;
• eliminate joint problems;
• relieve inflammation;
• improve a person’s mental state;
• the brain functions faster and better;
• to be a person who is resilient and strong.

But some astrologers are inclined to believe that gold is not suitable for everyone; for some it will help cope with health problems, but for others it will be an unwanted gift.

Modern astrologers claim that the following zodiac signs should wear gold:

1. Sagittarius.
2. Leos.
3. Aries.
4. Scorpios.
5. Pisces.
6. Cancer.

The first three signs of the zodiac are classified as fiery. This means that the Sun and its energy are favorable to them. For this reason, people born under these zodiac signs can wear jewelry made of precious metal all the time.

The following three zodiac signs can wear gold jewelry often, but not all the time. You can remove the products at night.

The rest of the zodiac signs need to wear gold on a limited basis, since the metal can cause harm to their body. But when putting on jewelry, do not forget that contact with gold can lead to an allergic reaction.

This is an allergy if, while wearing jewelry, the following appears:

• itching and burning of the skin;
• headache;
• malaise and poor health.

It is worth avoiding contact with gold, since there is an individual intolerance to the metal, which manifests itself only with direct contact with the Au element.

Despite the fact that gold has been known to mankind for a very long time, its unique properties have been studied and are actively used in various industries, the study of this metal and its properties has not stopped to this day.

Some scientists claim that the element came to Earth from space and therefore it is insensitive to acids and alkalis and does not oxidize upon contact with water and air.

Maybe scientists are right and gold really has a cosmic origin, but, one way or another, the potential of the metal has not yet been fully revealed, and there is not much of it left on Earth.

Source: https://HochuZoloto.com/svojstva/chto-reagiruet-na-zoloto.html

How to test gold for authenticity at home using vinegar, iodine, magnet, acid + reviews

Treasure hunters, antique dealers and jewelers know for sure: “all that glitters is not gold.” There are several ways to distinguish a fake from a precious metal using available means. Below is an overview and assessment of their effectiveness.

Characteristics of precious metal

Gold is a metal that is resistant to external factors, durable and beautiful, but at the same time very soft. That is why there is no jewelry made from pure precious metal; other chemical elements are necessarily added to the alloy:

• yellow gold - a combination of equal parts of silver, copper and gold itself;
• red gold - 25% copper;
• white gold - contains 32% gold, the rest is an alloy of platinum and nickel.

Pure gold is marked with a purity of 999. The 958 purity contains 96.3% pure gold. Such materials are rarely used for making jewelry - they are very soft.

The scammers' tricks know no bounds. Products made from:

• copper and/or brass;
• lead;
• aluminum

Jewelry is made from cheap materials and then plated with gold. Modern fakes are so skillful that it is impossible to distinguish them from jewelry made of precious metal with the naked eye. So how can you test gold at home, and can this be done without going to a jeweler?

How to check gold for authenticity: 10 ways to recognize a fake

It is believed that you can check the authenticity of gold products yourself: no special devices are needed for this. But are all folk methods as effective as they say? Having examined each of them in more detail, it becomes clear which “test” should be trusted and which should not.

Sherlock's method

Good fakes cannot be identified visually: they have samples on them, and they are painted in such a way that there is nothing to complain about. However, the punishment for counterfeit products with a stamp is more severe, so not all “specialists” decide to make such stamps. Armed with a magnifying glass, you need to carefully examine the product from all sides under bright light (from a window or a powerful table lamp). Signs of a fake:

• absence or unclearness of the manufacturer's imprint and/or sample - on a genuine product these marks are visible even with the naked eye;
• the presence of discolored areas - real gold is colored evenly, if in some parts of the product (usually along the edge) the color has worn off, most likely there is only sputtering.

Jewelry made of precious metal cannot be without proof, but the print sometimes turns out unclear. At factories, the requirements for such tags are minimal. On domestically produced gold items, before hallmarking, a female profile in a kokoshnik facing to the right is extruded.

Peculiarities. In foreign Westerns, cowboys bite gold coins to preempt their authenticity. However, jewelry can only be examined in this way as a last resort. Firstly, counterfeits can also be made from soft alloys. And secondly, such “tasting” is hardly useful for the teeth.

Procedure

1. Lightly bite the product
2. Inspect the “bite” site. It is believed that soft noble metal should leave dents.

Magnet experience

Peculiarities. For the experiment you need the most powerful magnet that you can get.

Procedure

1. Bring the product to the magnet.
2. Follow the ring: if it attracts, there is iron in the alloy.

If the jewelry is not attracted to the magnet, this does not mean that it is 100% gold. Yes, the alloy may not contain iron, but scammers successfully use copper, bronze and aluminum - these metals are magnetically passive.

Peculiarities. This method is only suitable for people with a sensitive ear for music. To simplify the experiment, you can use the sound of falling jewelry as a standard, the authenticity of which is beyond doubt.

Procedure

1. Throw the ring onto a flat glass surface.
2. Listen: the gold product emits a clear, “crystal” sound.

"Doctor" option

Peculiarities. When checking, it is better to do a “test” on an inconspicuous area: iodine leaves stains on the surface. If the gold is real, its color will not change. If no trace remains, or it takes on a milky tint, or noticeably darkens, then the alloy is made of other metals.

Procedure

1. Wipe a small area of ​​the product with a thick cloth.
2. Using a cotton swab, apply a drop of iodine to the treated surface.
3. Inspect the stain carefully.

Testing gold with iodine is simple. However, items of 585 and 583 samples can be damaged: the iodine composition will react with the precious metal. If you do not erase the smear immediately, the dark mark will forever remain on your favorite brooch or chain. You can quickly remove stains with toothpaste.

Peculiarities. Gold items sink quickly. If the jewelry sinks to the bottom slowly and smoothly, it is most likely a fake.

Procedure

1. Place an earring, ring or other item in a glass of water.
2. Pay attention to how immersion occurs in water.

Bread wrap

Peculiarities. When checking, there should be no residue left on the gold. If green spots appear, the decoration is not real.

Procedure

1. Mash the crumb of black bread.
2. Roll up a piece of jewelry into the blank.
3. Wait a few days for the bread to go stale.
4. Take out the product and inspect it.

Experiments with glass

Peculiarities. The authenticity of yellow precious metal is checked using glass and unglazed porcelain, and white precious metal is checked using a sheet of paper. The product is used to “draw” several lines on the sheet. If the jewelry is made of silver, it will not leave a mark on the surface.

Procedure

1. Press the product across the glass - the gold will not leave scratches on the surface.
2. Try to draw a line on unglazed porcelain - if the scratch is yellow, the product is gold, other metals leave a dark mark.

You can make a small scratch on an inconspicuous area of ​​the product: if another metal is visible under the coating layer, the jewelry is clearly not real.

Peculiarities. Having decided to test gold with vinegar, you need to remember that after the “procedure” the product must be rinsed with running water and polished with a piece of suede.

Procedure

1. Immerse the product in vinegar (50-100 ml).
2. After half an hour, inspect the decoration.
3. If you test real gold with acid, the color will not change, but other metals will darken.

Processing with lapis pencil

Peculiarities. A lapis pencil is used to stop bleeding and is sold in pharmacies. Gold should not be oxidized by the silver nitrate contained in the pencil.

Procedure

1. Moisten a small area of ​​the jewelry.
2. Mark a dot on the treated surface with a lapis pencil.
3. After one or two minutes, inspect the product.

Keeping up with the times: applying chemical reagents

In jewelry stores, as well as in the departments of chemical reagents and laboratory supplies, you can purchase special kits that are used to identify fakes and low-quality products. Such preparations allow you to quickly check gold for authenticity using nitric and other acids with which the precious metal does not react. Just apply the product to the product and evaluate the result.

If the color has not changed, the jewelry is gold; if it has changed slightly, the alloy contains a certain amount of impurities, and the fake will immediately become covered with noticeable stains. Modern fraudsters can be incredibly skillful, so even passing all home tests does not guarantee that the item is valuable.

Jewelers claim that it is impossible to reliably determine the authenticity of a metal using iodine, brilliant green and other folk methods. Only a professional can accurately check whether gold is real, using a touchstone or modern equipment that is equipped in banks and jewelry stores with a good reputation.

Reviews: “It’s easier to go to a jewelry store”

If you drop any acid on it, it won't turn gold black. It’s easier to go to a jewelry store. We had an engagement ring lying around, which we got by chance - with samples, etc. I wanted to adjust it to my size, we got to the jewelry store, and the truth suddenly emerged, and they didn’t take any money for it. Although there were doubts before this - the ring had a strange shade.

Source: https://DomZnatok.ru/uborka/uhod-za-veshhami/kak-proverit-zoloto/

12 ways to check gold for authenticity

iPhones are iPhones, but there are also more eternal values. How to check whether they are offering you real gold or a cheap fake? You can’t drown him in royal vodka!

We tell you how to avoid being deceived when buying gold and how to check its authenticity.

1. Look at the sample

Factory products always have a standard stamp with a hallmark. Fineness is the number of grams of pure metal in the alloy; the lower it is, the worse the quality.

According to Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 2016 No. 394, all alloys in which more than 30% of the weight is precious metal must be stamped with hallmark. Standard samples for gold are 375 (lowest), 500, 583, 585, 750, 916, 958, 999 (highest - only 1 g of impurities per 1 kg of metal).

In the USA and Canada, carat hallmarks are used (9 carats correspond to the 375th hallmark, 24 carats correspond to the 999th). Moreover, the letter K next to the numbers means that the product itself is gold, and KGP means that it is plated with gold (karat gold plated).

In Belgium, gold samples are designated by numbers: 1 – 833, 2 – 750, 3 – 585. A similar system works in the Czech Republic and Slovakia: 0 – 999, 1 – 986, 2 – 900, 3 – 750, 4 – 585.

Examining a sample is often difficult. Use your smartphone in macro mode, then enlarge the photo and look at the sample in detail. The mark should not be crooked or blurry. This is, if you like, a passport of the product, so they are very careful when applying it.

2. Smell the product

Gold items should not have a smell. Even silver has a characteristic metallic smell, but gold does not.

3. Take a closer look at the joints

On bracelets or chains, you can often notice a difference in color between the metal of the link itself and its joints. This is because when soldering gold, they use solder of a higher standard - it melts more easily.

If you see a difference in color, everything is OK, the gold is real. If not, you should carefully check the product in other ways.

4. Attach a magnet

Plating steel or other alloys with a high iron content with gold or its imitation is a common practice. Only ferromagnets are strongly magnetic - iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium.

Dimagnets (for example, water or table salt) and paramagnets (aluminum, etc.) are weakly magnetic. All non-ferrous metal is not magnetic.

If it happens on the beach or in places where tourists gather, buy the cheapest magnet in a souvenir shop and attach it to the product. If it sticks, it’s definitely a fake or the metal is of too low standard (too many iron impurities). If not, perform other checks.

5. Test with vinegar

Tell the seller that you will test the gold with vinegar. Are you nervous? There’s no need to run to the grocery store anymore. But a professional who is confident in his product will not sweat it.

Fake gold quickly darkens in vinegar - just pour a little into a glass and hold the metal in it for about five minutes. But real high-grade metal doesn’t care about anything.

6. Drop some iodine

Rub the product on jeans or other thick fabric, then drop iodine on this place on the metal. High standard gold does not darken. If the metal has darkened (this may appear within a minute), the product is not genuine or the standard is not too high.

But brass and copper do not change color from iodine either. So this testing method is good for high-grade gold, but it is not enough on its own.

We do not recommend testing products with iodine levels of 585 or lower. After iodine, you will definitely have to polish them or remove stains with ammonia; traces may remain.

7. Draw with lapis pencil

A lapis pencil is needed to stop the bleeding. This is an antiseptic based on silver nitrate, it can be bought at a pharmacy, it costs about 100-150 rubles.

To check the authenticity of gold, soak the item in water. Then, using a lapis pencil, draw a small line over the wet one and wipe it off.

Lapis does not react with gold, but does react with other metals. If a trace remains, then the gold is fake or of very low standard. Nothing will happen to genuine metal.

8. Look for gold in the sun and shade

Objects made of real gold shine equally strongly both in the shade and in direct sunlight. Admire the product in different lighting.

If in doubt, take an object that is definitely made of gold and compare the intensity of the shine.

9. Test with black bread

The method is safe (for real gold!), but slow. Take the crumb of black bread, remember, mix with water and stick the mixture onto the product. Leave it until the bread crumb turns into a dry crust, then break it apart.

If there are dark traces inside the crumb, it means the fake has oxidized. If not, then it is either gold or good gilding.

10. Run gold over tile or unglazed porcelain.

On unfired ceramic tiles or porcelain that is not glazed, gold will leave gold marks. After counterfeiting, the marks are gray or black.

Just draw with inconspicuous parts - fasteners, fasteners, so that it is not so noticeable. Gold may leave no traces at all on fired tiles.

11. Go to a pawn shop

In the pawn shop there are professionals who have an eye for gold. Invite the seller who wants to sell gold off his hands to go there with you - they say, let them evaluate the product.

The service costs 500 rubles, rarely more. But if you pretend to be a potential client, you can get an estimate for free (then you’ll pretend that you’ve changed your mind about selling).

12. Go to a jeweler

Jewelers not only determine the quality of gold items by eye, but also have special instruments for this. For example, a device with the otherworldly name “DeMon-U” will not only distinguish real gold from a fake, but will also indicate the sample.

The check will cost a maximum of 1000 rubles, often less.

Don't try it on your teeth!

Gold is a soft metal, so if you squeeze it hard with your teeth, marks will appear. Agree, the seller will not like it and will force you to buy.

Athletes test their medals for the sake of photos. Moreover, gold medals are actually just gold plated.

By the way, fake aluminum behaves exactly the same way, so if the seller insists on a “teeth test”, don’t be fooled.

On the other hand, only a new product does not have even small scratches on the surface. If a person claims to be selling his used gold, but it appears to have only come from a factory, something is wrong here.

conclusions

If you buy gold secondhand or from an unverified store, use as many methods as possible to ensure the authenticity of the product. The main thing is not to try too hard, so as not to spoil the soft metal.

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Source: https://www.iphones.ru/iNotes/12-sposobov-proverit-zoloto-na-podlinnost-07-08-2018