What was the standard of gold in the USSR - Metals and their processing

The best standard of gold: differences between 1000, 999 and 585 gold

Today, 585 gold is very popular in various fields. The precious metal is actively used for making jewelry or in the technical field. Earrings or chains delight owners with their attractive appearance, perfectly complement various sets of clothing and emphasize the status of the owner.

Many buyers wonder what grade of gold is best to purchase so that the jewelry is truly worthwhile. What types of samples generally exist and how can a person who does not have a sufficient level of qualification understand this issue. All these issues will be discussed in this article in as much detail as possible.

What are the hallmarks of gold? Gold samples of the USSR and Tsarist Russia?

Pure gold (also called 1000 gold) has a completely different look than what we are used to seeing in a jewelry store. Visually, the element called Au is a fairly dim and very soft piece of unknown material.

There is absolutely no shine, brightness or attractiveness. It is worth saying more that pure gold in nature is extremely rare in its natural form and people practically do not use it.

The reason for this is one thing - the precious metal is not able to hold its shape due to its natural softness.

To correct the situation and make the substance harder, people learned to add special impurities. The proportion that results from the ratio of gold to impurities determines the properties of the resulting composition. It is impossible to say for sure which sample is the best, since each is used in different fields. The maximum gold purity is 999. We are talking about 100% aurum with a minimum of additives.

During the Soviet era, different types of gold products were in use, namely:

royal hallmarks (usually jewelry);
Soviet gold, in the form of chervonets;
imported gold.

In the latter case, the specific gravity of the metal was measured not in grams, but in carats. The highest quality gold was considered to be a metal with a purity of 24 carats, and the lowest quality was considered to be 9 carats. A special table of gold purity can help in converting American or British hallmarks into familiar designations.

In Soviet times, when the industry was sufficiently developed, a special GOST was introduced for jewelry, where special designations began to be used. Similar marks were affixed even to jewelry where gilding was used.

What does the hallmark depend on, and what is added to 585 gold?

Beginning collectors and ordinary buyers of gold rings or earrings believe that the quality of the precious metal depends on the color. In other words, the richer the shade of the product and the stronger the item, the higher the quality of the gold. In fact, this opinion is erroneous and the color of the metal depends only on the volume of the material acting as an impurity.

Taking into account the added component, the metal sample is determined. Various gold alloys (additives) give the finished alloy certain shades of the finished item. Here are examples of what alloys are and how the composition of the impurity affects the color of the product:

a greenish tint and increased strength are given to the alloy by a silver admixture;
red gold, pink-red in color, comes out with the addition of copper;
nickel makes the metal pale yellow and is used to produce so-called white gold;
cadmium gives the alloy a light green color;
zinc brightens gold and makes it light green;
palladium increases the strength of the metal and gives it a “flesh” tone;
Platinum brightens Au585 more than other additives and almost completely removes yellowness.

The more impurities in the metal, the lower the sample. The presence of a small mark on a specific product will allow the buyer to establish the quality of the metal used and draw conclusions regarding the value of the item.

What should a gold hallmark look like?

It is important to have an understanding of the most common sample designations to determine the quality of the product. In addition, gold can be bank or jewelry. The first is produced in ingots, and the second is used to make “jewelry”.

All jewelry and bars made truly from precious metal must have a special mark or stamp. This is called a breakdown. The stamp can easily be seen through a magnifying glass and determine what quality of gold we are talking about and whether the set price corresponds to the product.

Many buyers believe that 585 is considered a fairly high and high-quality standard. Products made from this metal are durable and attractive in appearance. The same cannot be said about things made of metal with a high content of aurum.

They usually get scratched quickly and become uneven.

What standard is gold in bullion?

Precious metal bullion is usually sold in banking institutions when citizens want to invest their savings in the yellow metal. Here we are talking about pure gold and the metal bars are marked with 999 purity.

You can purchase aururm of another standard, for example, 583 or 585, but this option is less common and the differences from pure gold lie in the metal content.

What do the letters on the gold standard mean?

Sometimes people who do not understand precious metals wonder what is better - 750 and 585 gold purity? To establish the quality of the product, jewelers came up with a special marking - using three-digit numbers. Each designation tells you what the specific gravity of gold is in one kilogram of the alloy.

The marking on the product indicates what kind of precious metal we are talking about. For example, the lowest standard for jewelry is 375, where there is only 37.5% gold per 1000 grams. It is also the cheapest sample. If we are talking about gilding, then two stamps are placed on the product at once: on silver (which is usually used at the base of the item) and on gold plating.

Source: https://fin-monitor.com/oboznacheniya-na-zolotyh-izdeliyah.html

Top 7 Soviet Hi-Fi equipment. There was sound in the USSR!

All that glitters is not gold! So in the USSR there were really cool technical developments in the field of Hi-Fi - yes, ones that could give a hundred points ahead to Japanese or American solutions. Our new selection includes seven of the most spectacular engineering implementations created in the USSR!

7. Acoustics Radio engineering S-90

“Radio Engineering S-90” is a real cult of the Soviet era. It was not just difficult to buy them, but very difficult - people flocked to visit the owners of the speakers. It was they who stood in the offices of prominent leaders, and it was they who shaped the tastes of music lovers of that time.

Real “fashionable speakers” of Soviet times - with a sweeping and truly large-scale sound, with the very “meat” of rock and roll.

A classic three-way speaker with a “75 GD” bass driver could pack a punch, but, alas, at high sound pressure levels the low frequencies began to “thump.”

6. Acoustics Electronics 100AC-060

These speakers are already a precision Hi-Fi instrument. “Electronics 100AC-060” sport speaker cones made of foamed nickel and aluminum foil (the midrange driver dome was built up with outer layers of sapphire on an aluminum substrate, the slots in the tweeter were created with a laser).

The speakers play from 31.5 Hz to 25,000 Hz (an outstanding indicator), have a sensitivity of 88 dB and an impedance of 6.4 ohms. The large weight (51 kg) is largely due to the 19 mm five-layer walls of the fiberboard cases (the front panel has a thickness of 20 to 60 mm). Speaker baskets are cast; filters – with linear phase.

Alas, it was not possible to exactly replicate the sound of the “Japanese” ones, but this acoustics remained in the hearts of audiophiles for a long time.

5. Acoustics Corvette 35AC-208

The “35AC” class was marked by the “Corvette 35AC-208” speakers, which were sold individually and cost 250 rubles. The classic design and heavy cabinets (34 kg, walls made of natural oak) guaranteed leveling of resonances, and the “closed box” acoustic design completely deprived the speakers of “thumping” even at high volumes. The speakers played from 25 Hz - just a fairy tale.

4. Integrated amplifier Corvette 100U-068S

The integrated amplifier “Corvette 100U-068S” produced 2 x 60 W at 8 Ohms or 2 x 90 W at 4 Ohms - thus, the model fully revealed the majority of speaker systems of that time, which required up to 100 W of input power.

The plastic body meant it was not too heavy (only 9 kg), and the control handles, also made of cheap polymer, quickly wore out.

But two-level power supply significantly improved the situation with speaker control, and the MM/MS phono preamplifier available “on board” guaranteed flexibility and ease of use.

3. Acoustics Electronics 75AC-065

The “Electronics 75AC-065” speakers were based on the Fisher 1200 Studio Standard model; their 40 kg housings provided excellent vibration suppression, and the frequency response ranged from 40 to 25,000 Hz. The model had a sensitivity of 90 dB, a resistance of 8 ohms and required a power supply of 75 W, however, the technical characteristics are not the main thing here. The sound of the speakers meets the best standards of the era.

2. CD player Estonia LP-010 Stereo

Source: https://www.hi-fi.ru/magazine/audio/top-7-sovetskoy-hi-fi-tekh/

Gold hallmarks in the USSR: 583 hallmark - an excellent investment

Already in the USSR, people knew that gold was an excellent investment. This metal is one of the most stable. The price for it has not been falling lately, but has only increased, which cannot but please those who have already invested in this material. The cost depends on the percentage of gold in the alloy, as well as additional factors, especially when it comes to jewelry.

In the USSR, gold samples were not particularly diverse. A single standard was established - the 583rd sample. But at the same time, gold differed in different shades (greenish, reddish, pink) depending on the ligature used. Let's figure out what the 583rd sample indicates and why this particular number.

Composition and value of gold in the USSR

The value of gold is measured using the karat system. The maximum indicator is 24. It indicates absolute purity. The 583rd hallmark corresponds to 14 carats. This mark indicates that you are looking at a piece of jewelry that consists of 58.3% gold, and the rest is admixtures of various metals.

Worth knowing! Why exactly the number 583? If 14 is divided by 24, we get 0.5833333. That’s why we chose the number 583 – for convenience.

Gold was presented in different shades depending on the ligature. Information about this is summarized in the table below.

We recommend reading: Hallmarks and tags on Turkish gold

Try	Silver	Nickel	Zinc	Copper	Gold	Color
583	8,3	—	—	33,4	58,3	Red
583	18,3	—	—	23,4	58,3	Pink
583	36,0	—	—	5,7	58,3	Green
583	—	17	8,7	16,0	58,3	White

What other tests were there in the USSR? There were also 375th (38% gold in the alloy), 500th (50%, the rest is a mixture of copper and silver), 750th (75%), 916-a (91.6%), 958th (95.8%) and 999th (99.9%), but they were less common. Gold of the highest standard was used exclusively in industry. In the manufacture of jewelry, 365, 500 and 750 were sometimes used, creating real masterpieces, the cost of which is high today.

Gold of the 583rd standard is almost impossible to distinguish from the modern 585th standard (the exception is metal with a greenish tint). Only a professional can perform such a procedure.

We recommend reading: What types of palladium are there?

Why was 583-carat gold in demand in the Soviet era? The demand for it is explained by the metal’s resistance to external influences, wear and the overall reliability of products. As a result, those who did not neglect simple care were able to preserve the primary beauty of the metal. In addition, the material was malleable enough to create almost any jewelry from it.

Why is there no more 583rd sample? It was difficult to bring products with such USSR markings to the international market. But the 585th met all standards. As a result, the 583 was abandoned in favor of the 585. The latter indicates that the alloy contains 58.5% gold.

Metal price 583

The cost of gold of the 583rd (modern 585th) standard depends on the region. It can range from 2900 to 6000 rubles per gram. If we are talking about jewelry, the prices are higher, since the design and precious stones (if any) are taken into account. The price of 583-carat gold in a pawnshop is up to 1,800 rubles per gram. In fact, such establishments accept metal at the cost of scrap.

We advise you to read: 18 carat gold is the best investment

Currently, the most popular and purchased gold standard is 750. It is the alloy products with this marking that are primarily purchased in Europe, as well as by wealthy residents of Russia.

Now we know how much earrings or rings of 583rd standard can be sold for. Due to low prices, it is advisable to donate them not to a pawnshop, but to private collections. Buying Soviet jewelry is an excellent investment.

Source: http://inzoloto.ru/proby/probyi-zolota-v-sssr

History of hallmarks and hallmarks: Soviet period

The spool system and the first stamps appeared in Russia several centuries ago, but when did the modern metric system replace the spool system, and what changes did the stamps undergo during the Soviet period?

Stamps on products before 1927

In 1899, a new mark for products made of precious metals appeared in Russia in the form of a profile of a woman’s head turned to the left. Next to the stamp, letters were required to indicate the initials of the corresponding assay district, as well as the value of the spool assay in Arabic numerals.

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However, already in 1908, after the First Russian Revolution, further changes appeared in the appearance of the mark. First of all, this was caused by the need to gradually switch to international standards. True, in 1908, all the changes boiled down to the fact that the female profile on the brand turned to the right. The sampling system remained spool-type.

Transition to the metric assay system

Really major changes occurred in 1927, when Russia switched from the old spool system to the new metric system. At that time, a similar system was already in operation in Germany and soon promised to become an international standard.

Unlike the spool system, which is tied to an exclusively Russian measure of weight - the spool, the metric system allows you to determine the proportion of precious metal in the alloy. For example, a 585-grade alloy contains 585 g of pure precious metal and 415 g of impurities, respectively, per 1000 g of alloy. In this case, the metal sample is indicated on the product with three numbers, and not two, as with the spool system.

The transition to the metric system was not the only new thing in 1927. A new brand appeared, which depicted the head of a worker with a hammer. It is quite natural, given the dramatic political changes in the country and the rise to power of the Soviets.

Five-pointed star, sickle and hammer

The Soviet mark underwent the next fundamental change in 1958. Now it depicted a hammer and sickle inside a five-pointed star. It is noteworthy that the star initially had a convex shape. Later, the stamps began to be cut out and replaced in case of wear.

In addition to the star, sickle and hammer, the product must be marked with the designation of a specific assay inspection inspection (letters of the Russian alphabet were used), as well as an established three-digit hallmark.

The main differences between the marks of this period were in the shape of the shield:

Spatula - for products made of gold and platinum. Previously, the mold was used for products weighing less than 10 g.
A rectangle with convex opposite sides - for silver products.
Truncated oval shape - for products made of palladium. Until 1958, this form was used for branding foreign products at customs.

There is also an additional mark in the form of the letter “P”, which was placed on items that have undergone restoration.

In 1965, the star acquired a flat shape. It was this version of the hallmark that remained until 1994, when, with a new change of government, it was decided to change the hallmark, returning the profile image of a girl in a kokoshnik.

If you are interested in learning how the art of hallmarking developed at the very end of the 20th and in the 21st centuries, read our next article - “The history of hallmarks and state hallmarks: the modern period.”

Source: https://ssudy.ru/articls/istoriya-proby-i-kleyma-sovetskiy-period

Gold samples in the USSR: where they are located and what they look like, the use of carat values and the correspondence between different systems

Brand on jewelry | SOKOLOV Magazine

When choosing jewelry made of precious metal, to purchase a fake product that is not made of gold and silver - what could be more offensive? In addition to disappointment, buying a “jewel” skillfully disguised as jewelry with a really high cost will result in a loss of money. How to avoid being scammed?

The most reliable way to control the authenticity of jewelry in Russia is to check the presence of two marks on it: the imprint of the state assay office and the “name” of the manufacturer.

What is a hallmark?

The State Assay Office stamp, often also referred to as a hallmark, is a mark that is placed on gold and silver jewelry. The presence of such a mark on the product indicates that the ring, earrings or pendant are legally sold in Russia - the sale of products made of precious metals that do not have an imprint is prohibited in the Russian Federation.

The stamp of the state assay office consists of several parts. The general outline contains the elements of the print: the head of a girl in a kokoshnik, looking to the right, the code of the state inspection of assay supervision, located at the bottom left of the image, a digital code indicating the quantitative content of pure gold in the jewelry alloy. The code of the State Assay Supervision Inspectorate allows you to find out where the jewelry was tested.

The general outline in which the parts of the mark are enclosed should be different depending on what precious metal the product is made of. Thus, the mark of gold products is outlined with a contour reminiscent of a spatula, of silver - an oval cut off on the right and left, and of platinum - an octagon elongated horizontally.

If among old jewelry you find a product with a stamp on which a star is depicted, do not be alarmed - such stamps were used to mark products made of precious metal in Soviet times. The shape of the contour for types of metal in Russia has remained unchanged.

On complex jewelry that is not directly connected to each other, another, additional mark is placed. It is a digital code for the content of pure precious metal and is applied, for example, to studs - after all, the lock parts of this type of earrings are detachable.

What is a “name”?

“Manufacturer’s name” is the second mark, the presence of which is necessary on a piece of jewelry. It is a kind of analogue of a label on clothing and contains information about the manufacturer. By deciphering the print, you can get the most complete information about the purchased jewelry.

The “name” stamp is a four-digit alphabetic code enclosed in a single outline. It is rectangular in shape and, as a rule, is applied next to the “test”.

The print contains four letters. The first will indicate the year when the product was produced (for example, “N” - 2012, “O” - 2013, “P” - 2014). The second will indicate the code of the Russian state assay inspection body where the product was tested (for example, “B” - Verkhne-Volzhskaya). The last two letters are the manufacturer’s individual code, which cannot be repeated within the same inspection.

Using the manufacturer's stamp, in case of doubt about the jewelry, you can find out when, where and by whom the jewelry you purchased was produced.

Where to look for stamps?

To ensure the authenticity of a piece of jewelry before purchasing it in a store, it is important to check for the presence of stamps on it. You should arm yourself with a magnifying glass: to maintain an aesthetic appearance, they are made small, and the information on them can only be discerned with a magnifying tool.

For different types of products, imprints are applied in different places. So, on the rings you need to look for them on the inside or outside of the tire. On earrings, the mark is most often placed on a pin or earring. On pendants, marks are placed on the hanging rings. If you are purchasing a bracelet, you should look for the imprint on the ring or link connecting the main part of the product and the lock. Manufacturers strive to apply brands so that their presence does not affect the appearance of the jewelry.

Depending on the technology, prints can be of different types. The most common - embossed - is not always possible to use for particularly delicate jewelry. In this case, a spark print is applied, in which even the most minimal deformation can be avoided.

Do your jewelry have all the necessary hallmarks?

Source: https://sokolov.ru/blog/about-jewelry/jewelry-factory/klejma-na-juvelirnyh-izdelijah/

Gold samples in the USSR. Color Chart

During the times of the former Soviet Union, people, as now, knew that gold was the most stable object for investment. Gold samples in the USSR and their table were not very diverse. This happened because the country, isolated from the rest of the world, decided to establish a single gold standard for everyone in the form of 583.

This gold could have different shades, depending on the metals added to it. The color could be reddish, green or tinged with pink. Many people still don’t understand why the number 583?

The value of gold is measured in carats, the number 24 is the maximum value, which means that the jewelry is made of pure gold. The 583rd hallmark is equal to 14 carats, if divided by 24, we get 0.583333.

Sample history

Since the times of the Soviet Union, people have become accustomed to believing that 583 gold is the best. But this is not entirely true: those who understand alloys immediately understood this. But for many ordinary people this was a big discovery. Evidence that gold is not of the highest quality is its deteriorating appearance, namely darkening many years after its purchase.

But Soviet jewelry has another useful feature - it is very durable and difficult to deform. This was done so that the thin rings, which were one of the best-selling rings at that time, would not bend and confuse buyers. If you compare the price per ounce of gold then and now, it has increased by $1,400. Given the rise in price, people are trying to buy products of the highest standard.

Composition and its connection to the shade of products

As was said earlier, there is a certain dependence of the color indicators of the decoration on the metal that was used for the alloy and obtaining the sample. In Soviet gold of 583 samples, accordingly, there was 58.3% pure gold, and the rest were additives in the form of silver, palladium or copper.

The table shows the color of this gold sample in the USSR in percentage terms:

SampleSilverNickelZincCopperGoldColor

583	8,3	—	—	33,4	58,3	Red
583	18,3	—	—	23,4	58,3	Pink
583	36,0	—	—	5,7	58,3	Green
583	—	17	8,7	16,0	58,3	White

Price

As of 2017, the price of 583 and 585 gold is practically the same. It ranges from 2900 to 6000 rubles. As for the pawnshop, the price per gram will not exceed the threshold of 1,700 rubles.

In Ukraine, the situation is similar: both samples are sold and bought at almost the same price. Here you can get about 1000 UAH per gram, but the amount more or less directly depends on a number of indicators, for example, on the manufacturer. In a Ukrainian pawnshop they will give no more than 600 UAH per gram of Soviet gold.

Reason for popularity

Gold of 583 and 585 samples still remains popular in Russia. It is almost impossible to distinguish them; only a professional can do this, but more on that a little later. What made this gold so popular and sold even in our time?

In the Soviet era, products were largely valued because of their reliability and resistance to wear and other external irritants. The jewelers understood this very well and worked to achieve the desired result. Those who did not neglect the care of the condition of the products, until our time, were able to preserve them in the form in which they were at the time of purchase.

Interesting! The most purchased standard in Europe today is the 750 mark. She is also popular among accomplished people in Russia.

583 or 585 sample?

Over time, the 583 sample changed to 585, this happened due to Russia’s difficulties in introducing such products to the European market. The fact is that the sample was not quoted in Europe and America, while the 585th met all international standards. Other countries of the former union followed this example.

Therefore, it is difficult to say which gold standard is better and which is worse. Of course, 585 will mean that there is 0.2% more pure gold in it.

Perhaps this is its direct superiority over the Soviet standard.

Where was the 583 sample used?

The test was used for almost all types of jewelry. This includes bracelets, pendants, chains, and rings. Large rings were especially popular; they could weigh more than some bracelets. If you find them now, their appearance will be almost identical to how they were when you purchased them.

At the moment, this sample can be found rarely, since it is not accepted internationally and is considered a second-class alloy.

Now people are well aware of this, and in order not to risk their reputation, they do not buy such jewelry.

But at the same time, gold is popular in certain circles. Many people order custom jewelry made from this gold. Things made in the old style are especially beautiful. An alloy is used for them, which will give a reddish tint.

At the moment, if the sample is used, then for the following items:

wrist watch;
accessories;
pens;
keychains;
earrings for piercing;
souvenirs;
products for decoration.

Care Tips

Despite the quality and reliability of the jewelry, it tends to darken due to the ligature contained in the composition. When in contact with the human body and oxygen, gold will change; To prevent this from happening, the following actions can be included in preventive measures:

you need to add up to 5 drops of ammonia to a glass of soap solution;
decorations are placed in water for 20 minutes;
Having taken out the product, wash it with ordinary tap water;
Depending on the contamination, you need to either clean the jewelry with a soft brush or simply wipe it with a napkin until it shines.

Important! Such a product should not be exposed to aggressive substances in the form of acids and alkalis, which may be contained in household chemicals. This may ruin the appearance, making it impossible to restore the earrings or rings.

The role of Turkish gold

In the 80s and 90s, the 585 sample began to cause indignation among the Soviet people. This was due to the massive import of jewelry of this standard from Turkey, which was made using gold foil. These products fell apart and deteriorated from any unconventional influence on them, and also faded, changing their color, and were not durable, easily bent and deformed.

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The same goes for precious stones. Their crafts were widely used for gold inserts. They were also not resistant to environmental irritants, and already in the first months they deteriorated and changed their color. Numerous complaints about the poor quality of the product provoked a ban, which was introduced in 2000.

After some time, gold from domestic producers returned to the shelves. It was of much better quality and did not cause any indignation on the part of buyers.

583 sample in the modern world

The economy of any country cannot fail to develop if innovative schemes are introduced to develop the state and raise the standard of living of citizens. Therefore, sample 583 has lost its relevance over time and is gradually depreciating in value. Today they have stopped arguing about which sample is better: 583 and 585, or they do it extremely rarely.

Manufacturers have long improved their manufacturing technologies and use only high-quality metals and alloys for jewelry.

But such products have become very expensive, at the same time, every self-respecting person with an average level of income would rather buy himself a high-quality ring, but one that is modest in weight, than a low-quality and massive one. The modern world is distinguished by the choice that a country can provide to the buyer on the shelves of jewelry stores, without binding or imposing any sample.

In Russia and Ukraine, special bodies have been created to control the quality of the metal and its sample. Some continue to worry and think that the gold that is sold today is inferior in quality to Soviet standards, this is not true, and there is no need to worry about this at all.

This is all explained by the high level of competition. No businessman who values his time and money will risk winning a place in the market, which is why the quality of gold jewelry continues to grow. And you should long ago forget about low-quality goods, like Turkish gold.

Today, in Russia and Ukraine, the current sample is 585. It meets all international requirements and is approved according to GOST. Without losing quality, the manufacturer is able to achieve any shade of jewelry or make it to order with the highest quality and at an affordable price, no matter what the buyer’s requirements are.

But you need to be careful and be able to distinguish a fake. Inexperienced people think that an indicator of quality is this or that shade of jewelry, although this is far from the case. The color will depend on the metal added to the composition, this can also be done at the request of the client. For example, to obtain a red tint, more copper and nickel are added to gold.

Conclusion

Gold, as provided for by Soviet standards, was, roughly speaking, imposed on all residents of the former USSR. But it cannot be said that the people suffered from this. The products were of high quality and never made the buyer doubt it. And yet, over time, it was necessary to take into account international requirements and standards, which led to the loss of relevance of 583 jewelry.

Source: https://ProDragmetally.ru/o-zolote/proby/sssr-tablitsa-tsvetov.html

Soviet gold 583 samples - features, composition and price per gram

Today, jewelry made from the so-called Soviet 583 gold is almost never seen. These are mainly rings, earrings and other jewelry from the days of the USSR. In Soviet times, gold of this standard was very popular. It did not darken, did not deform, and with various additions of alloy (copper, palladium, silver, nickel, zinc) it took on different color shades (red, pink, green, white).

Composition of 583 gold

When choosing jewelry made of 583 gold, you may notice a peculiarity - they may differ in color. This depends on the amount of alloy in the alloy. In 583 samples, 58.3% pure gold, and everything else is alloy (copper, silver, palladium). On the table below you can see the amount of metal in the sample, as well as the shade that will be at the output.

Try	Gold	Silver	Copper	Nickel	Zinc	Hue
583	58,3%	8,3	33,4	—	—	Red
583	58,3%	18,3	23,4	—	—	Pink
583	58,3%	36,0	5,7	—	—	Green
583	58,3%	—	16,0	17,0	8,7	White

Not only the shade, but also the cost of the jewelry depends on which ligature is larger.

Difference from 585 sample

First, a little background on how sample 583 came to be.

In Europe, precious metal is measured in carats: 9, 12, 14, 18, 22, 23, 24 (24 carats are considered to be pure gold). During the Cold War, the USSR was isolated from other states and independently set gold standards. 583 standard was equal to 14 carats. Dividing 14 by 24, it turns out 0.5833333, so in 1927 the 583 standard of gold appeared, and during the existence of the USSR it was considered the gold standard of the union.

But after the collapse of the USSR, in 1994, the 583 sample was changed to 585, due to the fact that Russia tried to use Western standards, and foreign markets were reluctant to buy the 583 sample.

The differences between 585 and 583 are quite insignificant, the difference is only in the content of pure gold in the product by 0.2-0.4%, and all other properties remain the same.

Price per gram of 583 gold

As in the case of the 375 hallmark, we will consider the option of taking it to a pawnshop, since essentially there are no other options other than finding a direct buyer, but this takes a long time and is not always safe. As of 2015, 583 gold purity cost from 1,800 to 2,500 thousand rubles per gram. Much depends on the ligature and the condition of the product. Of course, if you have rare items that have historical value, then the buyer is unlikely to pay attention to the sample.

Turkish gold

When visiting Turkey, you can often notice a significant difference in the price of gold products. The fact is that some sellers on the market test the products right before selling them, and if they try to sell you, for example, 958 gold with a definitely red tint, then this is definitely a scam. The same situation is with 583, 585 samples, so when buying jewelry of 583 or 585 samples on the market in Turkey at a low price, you cannot be sure that it is not 80% copper.

In general, Soviet 583 gold can be considered a part of history. After all, every year it becomes less and less, and even today it is practically no longer on store shelves.

Source: http://GoldInside.ru/probyi-blagorodnyih-metallov/sovetskoe-zoloto-583-probyi.html

What modern hallmark of gold corresponds to hallmark 56?

There are a huge number of different gold samples in the world. At the same time, each individual country has its own standards for assaying precious metals. The first mark on gold appeared in the middle of the 6th century in the ancient state of Lydia; this was done in order to protect the people from scammers.

Nowadays, a large number of modern jewelry is displayed in store windows, but sometimes you come across special jewelry that costs 56 gold. In order to understand what it means, you need to go back several centuries.

Historical facts

After the coin reform was carried out in 1700, a minimum weight of coins was finally established in Russia. After all, 400 years ago there was no special border line confirming the authenticity of money. As a result, people often trimmed both gold and silver coins.

Then Tsar Peter I decided to introduce a spool sampling system. He made this decision in order to streamline and systematize the accounting of precious metals, as well as to bring order to the jewelry business. The system lasted from 1733 to 1927.

The most common was the 56 sample, by the mark of which you can often find out the name of the jeweler who made the jewelry. The initials of the master and the year of manufacture of the product were added to the numbers.

Initially, the samples on jewelry had a convex shape and differed in size: the larger the jewelry, the larger the stamp. Products of that time are considered the most valuable because most often they were made by craftsmen who left their mark on history.

It was only after 1897 that the marks became depressed and more similar to those used today.

The sample system of the 18th century correlates with the modern one, otherwise it would be impossible to find out the price of antique items. Gold of 56 standard corresponds to modern 585 standard. Therefore, pawnshops buy it at the same price, but sell it for much more. In this case, sellers take into account not only the date of manufacture or the shape of the mark, but also the number of similar products on the market.

The relationship between the ancient and modern sampling systems

The spool test, like any other, shows the amount of pure gold in the product. In Tsarist Russia, 1 pound was equal to 96 spools. Therefore, the 56th sample product contains 56 spools of pure metal and 40 parts of additives (silver, palladium), they were added to give the metal various properties. The highest purity of gold was considered to be 96, which does not contain any impurities.

The modern metric system is based not on 96, but on 100 parts, in other words, the amount of pure gold per 100 milligrams (1 gram) of the alloy is indicated. In order to understand what the royal 56 standard is equal to, in the modern metric system you need to divide 56 by 96 and multiply the resulting result by 1000. As a result, it corresponds to 583 standard, which over time was equated to the 585th.

But it will also not cause any difficulties to convert the 56 spool sample into the carat system. It is accepted that pure gold is equal to 24 carats. 56 must be divided by 96 and the resulting number multiplied by 24. It turns out that royal gold of this standard is equal to a 14-karat alloy.

Jewelry of 56 samples is of historical rather than material value. But the connection between times and generations is much more expensive for many people, so increasingly such products remain in home collections rather than being put up for sale.

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Source: https://DedPodaril.com/zoloto/klejma/56-proba-zolota.html

USSR gold. All about the gold of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

At one time, the USSR was forced to sell gold at low prices. Solar metal was exchanged for various goods and products; revolutionary movements of various states were also supported with the help of gold. As a result, by the 23rd year of the last century, only about 350 tons remained.

The decline in USSR gold reserves continued in subsequent years. And after 5 years its quantity decreased to 150 tons. Solar metal production was just over 18 tons per year. The rulers did not see a great need to increase gold mining and gave only two reasons:

the gold of the kings was enough for the life of the country;
gold mining sites could not be fully controlled due to the weak influence of the authorities.

By the beginning of industrialization, we still had to look for more than 4 billion rubles. The export of Soviet products per year exceeded 350,000 rubles, but it took about 10 years to achieve industrialization. In addition, the crisis in the country was gaining momentum.

How we found a way out

The first step was to increase gold production. A serious task was set to become the first in the world to mine the precious metal. At that time, the leader in gold mining was South Africa, with annual gold production amounting to more than 250 tons of gold.

To further increase state reserves, it was decided to confiscate gold from ordinary people, and shops were opened everywhere that sold their goods exclusively for the precious metal. An interesting fact was that the opening of stores brought more than 200 tons of metal to the treasury, and with the help of confiscation it was possible to barely collect just over 28 tons.

As a result, gold production was raised to 320 tons annually, but they were not the first in the world. Approximately 250 tons of gold were used to purchase equipment for ten factories. The remainder went to the country's gold reserves.

By the 41st year of the 20th century, the reserve of precious metals in the USSR was approaching 3,000 tons. It doubled the royal reserve and reached a historical maximum. This supply also influenced the outcome of the Great War and helped raise the devastated country.

After his death, J.V. Stalin left the new ruler more than 2000 tons of gold reserves.

The fate of gold after Stalin

After the reign of Khrushchev N.S. There were a little more than 1,500 tons left in reserves, and after Brezhnev, stocks fell to 400 tons. But Andropov Yu.A. was able to increase reserves and almost doubled them. The most severe blow to the state gold treasury was dealt by M.S. Gorbachev.

By the year 91 of the last century, the gold reserves of the USSR amounted to about 300 tons and, together with all debts, were transferred to the management of Russia. A promise was made to increase the stockpile to almost a thousand tons, but the new government ultimately accepted only just over 350 tons of gold.

Where is the gold of the USSR

Experts do not know where the gold from the USSR went. In 85 of the last century it existed, but by 91 it had already disappeared. During Gorbachev's reign, the country fell into enormous debt.

There is an assumption, which is adhered to by almost all specialists - historians, that gold could only disappear in a westerly direction. Moreover, the rulers of these countries still cannot answer whether they have gold from the former Soviet Union.

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Gold in the Soviet Union

At all times, people understood perfectly well that gold is the most profitable investment. Gold samples in the USSR did not have much variety. After all, the country was practically remote from the other world, so it was decided to establish a single standard for the sample, which became 583.

Depending on the metal bleached into gold, it could be of different shades:

pink;
greenish;
reddish.

The value of the solar metal is measured in carats. 24 carats is the largest indicator, and indicates that the product consists of only gold and does not have any admixtures of other metals. But 583 standard is equal to 14 carats.

In the Soviet Union, jewelry made from precious metals was valued for its special reliability and resistance to various influences. Jewelry craftsmen worked hard on these qualities and were able to achieve the desired result. But the products of that time also needed special care; if the owners of the products could not properly care for the gold, then it quickly lost its original appearance.

583 standard was used for all jewelry, which included:

pendants;
brooches;
chains;
bracelets;
earrings;
rings.

Rings were extremely popular during the Soviet Union, sometimes their weight was several times higher than the weight of bracelets. Today, jewelry with such a hallmark is very rare, because 583 hallmark is not considered a world standard and is a low-quality alloy.

But in some circles, that gold sample still has its popularity. Some people specially make custom-made jewelry of this particular sample, because products made in the old style look especially attractive.

For this antiquity effect, a certain spain is used, which gives the product a red tint.

To date, sample 583 is used for the manufacture of:

various accessories;
hours;
pens;
key rings;
piercing jewelry;
souvenirs;
decorations of various objects.

Source: https://goldenlab.ru/interesnoe-o-zolote/istorija-zolota/zoloto-sssr-vsjo-o-zolote-sojuza-sovetskih-socialisticheskih-respublik/

Table and description of gold samples in the USSR

In practice, few people deal with pure metals. Even what we usually call gold, platinum and silver are various alloys that include varying amounts of metal. This quantity is indicated in a special way - using a sample.

Gold earrings

Precious metals traditionally include silver, gold and platinum. USSR 583 gold in pawnshops is still the most popular pawn, as it guarantees quality. Other metals with a positive oxidation potential, such as osmium or palladium, also fall into this category. But, since the latter are used extremely rarely, few people know about them.

Decoding the sample sign

The sample of a noble metal is its weight content in the alloy being tested. Information about this is indicated on metal ingots. By law, any alloy containing more than 30% noble metals must be assayed and properly hallmarked. This data is used in the manufacture of earrings, brooches, coins and other products, as well as when valuing them in a pawn shop.

Gold rings in a pawnshop

There are 4 systems.

Metric - the number of milligrams in 1 g or grams in 1 kg of alloy. It has been adopted in Germany, France and other countries that have signed the convention on the control and hallmarking of products made from precious metals. There is no doubt what samples of gold were in the USSR, since the USSR, the Russian Federation and all CIS countries also support the metric system. Data on the permissible weight ratios of alloys adopted in the USSR in 1927 are contained in the table. The photo shows gold items 585.
Carat - used mainly in the USA and Canada. The karat system is used only in relation to gold alloys and indicates the number of carats in a catchable 24 carat of the alloy being assayed. That is, a 9-carat alloy contains 0.375 g in 1 g, and a 24-carat alloy contains no less than 0.999 g, that is, it corresponds to 999 metric standards. Using the corresponding tables, it is quite easy to convert carat measurements to metric ones.
Zolotnikovaya is purely Russian. Based on the ancient scale, according to which the value is measured by the number of spools of pure metal in relation to 96 spools - 1 pound of alloy. According to such measurements, in an alloy of 36 spools, the mass of pure gold or platinum reaches 0.375 g per 1 g of alloy, and the designation of 56 spools corresponds to 583.
Lot - used in Germany and Britain for silver. In this case, the conventional weight unit mark contains 16 lots, in fact, 6 lots correspond to 375, 12 - 750, and 14 - 875.

Metal color chart

Features of alloys

What does the amount of metal in an alloy practically mean? First of all, this affects the physical characteristics of the material. For example, 999 gold is very soft, making earrings or rings from it is difficult. But the famous 585 is quite suitable, since the nickel, zinc and copper included in it give the alloy much greater strength and resistance to wear.

Samples of the USSR

The weight ratio affects the color. Moreover, not only quantitative, but also qualitative relationships are important here. Thus, the addition of copper to an alloy marked 585 will give the product a reddish tint, and the addition of zinc will turn the alloy white. Silver in large quantities 23.4 by 585 will give the alloy a greenish tint.

The table of gold samples in the USSR indicates quantitative data, but you should learn more about qualitative data.

Metal	Try
Gold	375, 500, 583, 585, 750, 916, 958, 999
Silver	800, 830, 875, 925, 960, 999
Platinum	585, 850, 900, 950
Palladium	500, 850

What information can be obtained by looking at the data in the table?

375 - means the presence of 38% pure metal in the alloy. Products made from it are yellow in color, but fade quite quickly, since iron sylphide appears on its surface.
500 – the color range varies very widely, since 50% of gold is a mixture of silver and copper and it is their ratio that gives the color.
585 - over time replaced 583. They differ little in color and physical characteristics - 58.3% versus 58.5%, but the first value did not meet European standards and, in the end, ceased to be used. Earrings made of 583 USSR gold, as well as rings, brooches and other jewelry are the most popular “investment” of money. Spav is very stable, durable, and does not lose color or shine under any conditions.

Source: http://zolotoigid.ru/zolota-sssr

What types of gold samples are there in Russia?

Gold and its derivatives are quite popular among all segments of the population of our country. People who want to protect against inflation invest in “eternal” metal currency; jewelry is made from gold; the metal is widely used in dental and cosmetic procedures. It is used in many areas of life, and therefore people often ask the question: what grades of gold are available in Russia in terms of their quality and appearance?

In its pure form, this metal does not have a bright appearance and good durability. Soft, dense, nondescript in color - this material is almost unsuitable for jewelry work and is difficult to process. To correct these shortcomings of the metal, they began to add impurities of other precious and not so precious metals for hardness and durability.

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What is gold purity and what can it be? The answer to this question can be found in the Latin language, in which the word probe means evaluation, test. It follows that the sample demonstrates the percentage of gold mixed with other substances. In addition, these are special marks that are placed by control authorities on the product as a guarantee of the presence of a certain amount of gold in the product.

Gold shade and purity – is there a connection?

Does the gold standard depend on the shade of the product? Does 585 gold have a red tint? All of these statements are incorrect because the color of gold largely depends on the impurities added to the alloy.

Only a subtle shade of the product can be the fact of the presence of pure gold in the total mass of the jewelry product. The myth about the dependence of the shade of jewelry on the percentage of pure gold content became widespread thanks to the Soviet Union.

At that time, products made from 750 gold were yellow, 375 were pink, and 585 were red, which was due to the traditions of the jewelry industry in the USSR.

What are the types of samples: carat and metric systems

There are four measurement systems in our world, but the most popular are the carat and metric systems.

The carat system dates back to ancient times when people began to measure the value and purity of precious products in carats. Pure metal without impurities has a value of 24 carats. How many grams of pure gold are there in 1 carat?

One carat of metal contains one twenty-fourth of the gold in the bulk of the alloy, which is reflected in the UK carat system, which is also used in the USA and European countries. An alloy of 14 carats is composed of 14 parts of pure gold and 10 parts of another metal, and jewelers in their work usually use compounds with a purity of 24, 14, 18, 10 or 9 carats.

In Russia, as part of the Soviet Union, in 1927, jewelers switched from the carat system to the metric system, in which the share of the precious substance in the alloy was calculated based on the number of grams of pure metal per kilogram of alloy. Thus, an alloy of 500 purity contains 500 grams of pure aurum, and the other half of the mixture contains other metals. Nowadays, the Russian jewelry industry suggests that the gold standard in jewelry can be: 375, 500, 585, 750 and 958.

For some time, Soviet jewelers produced products from 583 markings, which in the Western system were classified as fourteen carats, although foreign standards were slightly higher. After the collapse of the USSR, the 583rd sample was replaced by the 585th and our products became equal to Western ones. Thus, the 585th hallmark is equal to fourteen carats of gold.

The 375 marking represents 38% pure metal. Copper and silver are used as impurities, and the surface of the products is yellow. But over time, iron sulfide appears on the surface of the product, after which it becomes dull.

The 500th sample contains 50% of the precious substance, and the rest is occupied by silver and copper.

The 585 marking is widely used in the Russian jewelry industry. The alloy contains 58.5% gold, and the rest is silver, copper and even palladium. This combination of materials gives the product maximum strength, hardness, and resistance to environmental influences.

However, the most optimal in the jewelry industry is 750 standard with 75% precious metal content in the alloy. Nickel, silver, platinum, copper and palladium are added to it. The compound can have different shades: from bright green to red. Due to its excellent hardness, strength and fairly easy processing, it is widely used in the jewelry industry, but is quite expensive.

The 958th standard is practically not used in jewelry, because the compound contains 95.8% gold. Such a high content of precious metal results in a soft surface of the product and a dull color, as well as a very high price, which, with inexpressive characteristics, makes such a product impractical.

And finally, the highest sample value - 999, represents the precious element in its pure form, virtually without impurities. Nowadays, pure metal is almost never used for the production of products, because pure gold is very soft and easily deformed, and at the same time has the highest cost.

Spool sampling system

This assessment system was widely used in Russia and the USSR until 1927. It differs from carat in that the highest standard of gold has a value of 96 units, and all kinds of alloys in Russia had correspondingly lower numerical values. The system works on the same principles as others - the higher the precious metal content, the higher the sample number. When transferring from such a system to others, a special table is useful.

Different countries prefer different types of alloys, which depends on the standard of living and understanding of the practicality of citizens. Thus, in the USSR the most popular jewelry was made from 583rd standard.

Now in Europe, products made from 750-carat gold are popular, as are wealthy people in Russia. Well, in Germany, for example, the smallest sample size is 333 marking.

In Arab countries, in the Gulf countries, as well as in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, 875-990 samples are preferred. In the karate system, this corresponds to indicators 21-24.

Next come Europe and Egypt, where they love 750-carat gold (18 carats), but Portugal stands out from the general row with its love for 800-carat gold (19.2 carats). In Ukraine, Russia and other countries of the former USSR, the 583rd and 585th samples (14 carats) are more popular due to their good gold content and relatively reasonable price.

The most unpretentious people towards precious metal live in northern Europe and the USA. They can wear either the lowest standard - 333, or 750 (8-18 carats), but in these countries gold is not considered an indicator of status and products made from it are used precisely as a beautiful accessory.

Source: http://golden-inform.ru/proby/kakie-zolota-byvayut-v-rossii/