What kind of 325 gold is this?

Features of 525 gold

In ancient times, due to its softness, gold did not find serious use. Even today, no matter how hard you try, it is impossible to find objects made of pure gold, because they simply don’t exist.

In order for the characteristics of the product to satisfy, first of all, the needs and expectations of customers in terms of durability, certain metals are fused with gold in the process of making jewelry. You can find out about the amount of gold contained in the product by the stamp that is affixed.

So, 525 standard means that the product is made of material in a kilogram ingot, which contained 525 g of precious metal.

There are two standards systems: metric and carat. The first is used in Russia, and the second in Europe and America. To convert a metric sample into carats, you need to multiply its value by 24 and divide by 1000.

The carat test shows the number of parts of pure aurum, conventionally dividing the alloy into 24 parts. In the metric system it is divided into 1000 parts. Based on this, a metric 525 product corresponds to 12.6 carats. This means that it contains 13 parts of precious metal and 11 parts of ligature.

Composition of 525 gold

The combination of various additives used to impart hardness to a precious metal is commonly called a alloy. It can be presented:

• copper;
• silver;
• palladium;
• nickel;
• platinum;
• cadmium;
• zinc

The most common variant is the 525 alloy, consisting of 52% pure aurum, 27% silver and 20% copper.

In the jewelry industry, there is the concept of remedium, which denotes a permissible deviation from the norm of the quantitative content of metals, for example, the composition of a 525 alloy can contain 49.5 - 55.5% gold.

In addition to copper and silver, 525 gold is alloyed with palladium, nickel and zinc. Thanks to these impurities, it is possible to obtain a base of different colors. But platinum and nickel are not used. The first is expensive for a medium grade gold alloy. The second one is prohibited for use.

Value quality characteristics

It is known that pure aurum, due to its softness, has excellent casting properties. Whereas the gold alloy in question, despite the fact that it contains a considerable part of the precious metal, does not have good casting properties (fillability, shrinkage, fluidity).

Due to the large crystallization interval, inhomogeneities with porous inclusions are formed during the formation of the surface. The deterioration of such characteristics complicates the work of jewelers with this material, so it is practically not used for making gold jewelry.

For this reason, in jewelry stores you will not find earrings, rings and pendants with 525 standard.

The physical properties of the alloy and its color depend on the amount of certain alloy additives. For example, adding palladium increases the ductility of the alloy.

In 525 standard the content of pure metal is 52.5% and 47.5% of various additives, so it turns out to be harder than similar materials with higher standards.

For different samples, the standard establishes one or more grades that determine the ratio of various impurities in alloys with different samples. Some characteristics of the alloy, such as color, vary depending on the grade.

Depending on the color of the precious alloy, the amount of alloy additives changes as follows:

• red aurum of different shades contains 2-28% silver, 19-45% copper;
• in green – silver 33% and 14% copper;
• the yellow alloy contains 26.5% silver and 21% copper;
• White gold contains 29% silver and 18% palladium.

Price per gram

The Central Bank of Russia sets the accounting value of gold. The price of the precious metal is constantly rising. This is easy to verify by looking at the chart of changes in its quotes over the past few years.

Banks set two prices: one for the purchase of precious metal, the other for sale.

To make it more convenient to navigate the prices of precious metals of different grades, it is necessary to multiply the book value of the securities and the share of gold in the alloy.

Thus, through simple calculations, we find that the price per gram of 525 gold is 1,278,000 rubles. Unfortunately, in reality it is unlikely to be possible to purchase jewelry made of 525 gold at this price.

In the market for jewelry and other products made of precious metals, sellers usually have a higher price, while buyers, on the contrary, offer a lower price.

Where is it used?

People at all times have been mining the “yellow metal”, finding application for it in various areas of their activities. Thus, the gold alloy in question is in demand in industry and is actively used in medicine.

First of all, it is used in places where its characteristics such as strength and elasticity are needed. In medicine, this metal is valued for the fact that it does not cause allergies in patients.

Medical instruments are made from it, used in prosthetics, and dental crowns are made.

In jewelry, material with such markings is also used, but rarely. Due to the predominance of copper in some brands, it can be subject to corrosion. It is mainly used to produce low-priced products.

Some jewelers use this metal in combination with other types of gold alloys. It allows you to make individual details in jewelry as refined as possible.

Before the collapse of the Soviet Union, wedding rings were made from red gold, which were not very diverse, but were practical.

The sufficient density of the gold alloy in question allows it to be used as a coating for inexpensive jewelry, as well as vintage products for expensive cigarette cases, pendants, pins, pens and brooches to give the effect of wealth and luxury.

Source: https://VseoMetallah.ru/zoloto/proba/osobennosti-zolota-525-proby

Advantages, disadvantages and use of 325 gold

The 375 alloy belongs to low-grade gold, the mass of the noble metal in the formula is only 37.5%, the rest is copper, silver, palladium. According to the carat system, which is used in many countries of the world, 375 is equal to 9 carats. Only gold with a purity of 333 and 8 carats, respectively, common in Germany, can be called a lower grade option. In Ukraine and Russia, standard 375 is the lowest threshold of gold that has permission to be used for jewelry purposes.

Precious metal or not?

375 standard may have a yellowish color or a muted red tint, this depends on the amount of copper in the alloy. Due to the fact that copper is the basis of this low-grade material, many jewelers prefer to call 375 gold an alloy. Nevertheless, officially it belongs to gold and, for example, in the UK it is in quite high demand.

Earrings made of 325 gold

The same cannot be said about the countries of the former Union, in particular, in the Russian Federation the choice of offers with the 375 hallmark is not too wide. The described alloy is used extremely rarely in the manufacture of jewelry in Russia; it is not in consumer demand and is considered unprestigious.

Advantages and disadvantages

The main and perhaps the only significant advantage of such a low-grade alloy is its hardness and lightness in comparison with traditional gold.

During wear, after loss of polishing and contact with air, the low content of natural gold leads to darkening of the products, making them dull, unattractive, and with a grayish tint.

Another negative point is the recorded allergic reactions on the skin of some people after wearing jewelry made of 375 gold.

Despite the existing shortcomings, 375 gold has found its niche in jewelry production and is used successfully in the manufacture of wedding rings, watches, bracelets, and cigarette cases. In addition, the alloy is indispensable for inlaying decorative elements and making all kinds of decorative items.

We recommend other articles

Source: https://DedPodaril.com/zoloto/klejma/325-proba-zolota.html

375 gold standard - what is it, how much does it cost, price per gram in a pawnshop

375 gold is not the most popular, but it has a number of advantages. Read about the features and composition of 375 gold, as well as how to care for jewelry made from this precious metal.

Peculiarities

The distinctive features of 375 gold standard include the following:

• this alloy contains 37.5% pure gold;
• the ligature is usually made up of two precious metals - silver and copper;
• in accordance with Russian standards, there are five types of alloys on which 375 gold is allowed to be applied;
• the scope of application of such alloys is limited due to the fact that they, as a rule, dull when exposed to air;
• the color range of 375 alloys ranges from yellow to red;
• the hardest alloys are pink;
• the most popular area of ​​application is wedding rings;
• in Russia this is the lowest standard of gold; in European countries there is also the 333rd.

Alloy composition

Traditionally, the following 375 gold alloys are distinguished:

• an alloy of bright red color, in which the share of gold is 37.5%, silver - 2%; copper – 60.5%;
• a red alloy in which the share of gold is 37.5%; silver – 10%; copper – 52.5%;
• a red alloy in which the share of gold is 37.5%; silver – 16%; copper – 62.5%.

These alloys are of low quality, and therefore they are not popular in the CIS markets. However, in the UK and USA such alloys are quite popular.

We recommend reading: Precious metals quotes: January 9, 2015

Among the main advantages of 375 gold alloys are their hardness and strength, and among the disadvantages is the possibility of the product darkening over time.

How to care for gold jewelry

Caring for gold jewelry consists mainly of proper and timely cleaning.

The fact is that all gold jewelry, without exception, becomes covered with a dirty coating over time. Such contamination has an extremely negative effect on the appearance and attractiveness of the specimen, which fades over time.

It is important to know the basic rules for caring for gold jewelry and apply them correctly.

1. Under no circumstances should yellow precious metal be allowed to come into direct contact with any alkalis or acids, since the latter have a negative effect on the precious metal. Such substances are included in various detergents, cleaners, washing powders, solvents, nail polish removers, etc.
2. Contact of gold jewelry with paints and varnishes and abrasives is also unacceptable.
3. Before performing bath procedures, gold jewelry must be removed.
4. Gold jewelry cannot be stored in cardboard boxes, since cardboard is a substance that necessarily contains sulfur. It leads to blackening of jewelry.
5. Clean your jewelry regularly.

We recommend reading: All about 583 gold

The features of cleaning jewelry made of 375 gold are no different from those used in the case of gold products of higher standards.

How does the 375th sample differ from the 585th

In the case of comparing the 375th and 585th samples of yellow precious metal, the following features should be noted:

• one of the fundamental characteristics of 375 gold is low quality;
• alloy number 375 consists of only 37.5% pure gold, the remainder being alloy - additional components, which can be, for example, palladium, silver and copper; in sample 585, the quantitative indicators of the pure gold content are higher, namely 58.5% of the total composition of the alloy.

Differences in metal color between gold and bronze jewelry

How much does a gram of 375 gold cost?

One of the distinctive features of jewelry made from 375 yellow precious metal, which can only be called white gold with a stretch, is accessibility, since almost every consumer can afford such jewelry due to the affordable prices. Basically, the cost of one gram of 375 gold does not exceed one thousand rubles.

However, when forming a pricing policy, important aspects are the quantitative and qualitative composition of the ligature. If the ligature is palladium, which is a precious metal, then the cost of such a product will be higher than one in which the ligature consists of silver and (or) copper.

We recommend reading: Gold market: overview

In February 2019, the price per gram of 375 gold is approximately 900 rubles. In pawn shops the price for such gold is usually two times lower.

Cost indicators are conceptually important both in the case of purchasing jewelry made of 375 gold and when handing it over to a pawnshop. It is important to note here that pawn shops accept 375 gold exclusively as scrap jewelry. In view of this, when assessed, the cost of the jewelry is unlikely to exceed 450 rubles.

Advice! If you decide to hand over 375 gold jewelry to a pawnshop, first make it look more or less attractive. This will increase the estimated value of the jewelry.

If we talk about the market value of gold of 375 purity, then it is most rational to provide a graph reflecting fluctuations in the price of the precious metal of this purity in July 2015.

Graph of the dynamics of the price of gold 375 for July 2015

Jewelry made of 375 gold is one of the most popular products on the Russian jewelry market. The relatively low cost is one of the main factors in the undying popularity of this group of jewelry.

Source: http://inzoloto.ru/cena-na-zoloto/375-proba-zolota-i-eyo-osobennosti

375 gold: what is it and how does it differ from 585, which is better?

Jewelry alloys are a combination of noble metals with non-ferrous metals, giving the product a certain shade. 375 gold can include various alloying additives, due to which the alloy acquires a reddish, greenish, pink or white tint. Abroad, the standard corresponds to 9 carats, which is the minimum permissible limit for the content of precious metal in a jewelry alloy.

Jewelry made from 375 gold is not in demand in Russia; many even consider this material to be of low quality and suitable only for making cheap jewelry. Is it really?

Composition and features of the alloy

Pure (pure) gold or 999 standard gold is an extremely soft metal not used by jewelers. To increase strength and improve performance characteristics, a ligature is added to it. The most popular for its properties and aesthetics is, undoubtedly, 585 standard, containing 58.5% gold.

However, there are other alloys with a lower precious metal content, for example:

1. Hallmark 325, which is a combination of copper and a trace amount of gold.
2. The alloy with purity 333 is called German gold, it corresponds to 8 carats. The alloy contains 33.3% gold, 60% copper, the rest is bronze. The cost of products made from this material is low; it is often called low-grade gold.
3. 383 gold is also not considered valuable, like 385 gold, although products made from it can be considered jewelry. This is not gilding, as many believe, but a low-grade alloy. Jewelry made from such materials is not fake, it just looks less presentable than expensive alloys with a high content of precious metal, and can darken over time.
4. Gold standard 375 is quite common in Russia. Moreover, an alloy with such a content of precious metal is officially considered acceptable for the manufacture of jewelry, while not being costume jewelry.

Many people wonder: 375 gold, labeled abroad as 9-karat, is it jewelry or costume jewelry? It's still a jewelry material.

The ligature for it can be either silver, palladium (rather rarely), or copper. precious metal in the alloy is 37.5% (according to marking).

Precious metal with the imprint “375” on the stamp can have quite different colors:

• if copper in a gold product is about 60%, such an alloy will have a pronounced red tint, but at the same time look quite dull;
• the introduction of copper and silver makes the color of the precious metal soft pink;
• a creamy shade is obtained by adding about 40% palladium and 10% silver to gold.
• a further increase in the palladium content in the alloy makes it almost white, and the yellow metal is obtained by combining gold and silver without the inclusion of other components.

Many people are concerned about how to distinguish the more valuable and sought-after 585-carat gold from the low-grade 375-carat alloy?

By and large, these two precious metals differ only in their gold content. 375 standard means greater strength due to the greater amount of alloy in the precious metal.

In addition, the cost of products made from such gold is more affordable. However, there are also negative aspects - due to the rather low content of noble metal, gold with a purity of 375 looks less aesthetically pleasing than expensive alloys.

Features and application of 375 alloy

Despite the low quality of this precious metal, it is successfully used to make quite elegant jewelry - earrings, bracelets, pendants, chains. The fairly good strength of the jewelry material allows you to create intricate elements on jewelry.

In Soviet times, 375 gold found wide use in the production of wedding rings. Also, this alloy is now used in the production of status souvenirs and accessories - such as lighters, cigarette cases and wristwatches. The precious metal is also used for finishing exclusive decorative items - picture frames and furniture.

There is an opinion that products made of 375 gold may fade or even turn black over time. To prevent this from happening, gold items should be carefully looked after. Once the jewelry has lost its original shine, it needs to be cleaned.

Cleaning should be done with a special product that can be purchased at a hardware store, or with a solution of ammonia. It is strictly not recommended to use soap, as it can create a film on the surface of the metal.

The cost of products made from a jewelry alloy marked 375 has an undoubted advantage over the prices of more expensive alloys, for example, 585, if the buyer purchases jewelry for himself. Investing in such a precious metal is unprofitable and unprestigious.

However, the introduction of metals such as palladium into the alloy can make the product significantly more expensive. Also, the final cost of the jewelry will be influenced by the skill of the jeweler (exclusive type of weaving or design) and the presence of inserts of precious and semi-precious stones.

To summarize, we can say that 375 gold, despite its low popularity in Russia, is a genuine jewelry alloy that has nothing in common with gold-plated jewelry. It does have disadvantages that can be minimized with proper care. There are many reasons for purchasing jewelry made from low-grade gold.

Such jewelry, if handled properly and stored with care, will last quite a long time due to its strength and increased wear resistance. And the reasonable price will appeal not only to young people, but also to middle-aged ladies, as it will allow them to try different combinations of jewelry in search of their unique style.

Source: https://gems-and-jewels.ru/proba-zolota-375.html

375 gold

Why is there an opinion that jewelry made of 375 gold is bad? Myth Is it true? Of course, without a doubt, jewelry is highly valued from the markings above. But still, such products marked 375 are in circulation, and jewelry is made from it.

Cost of 375 gold

For investing money as an investment, gold of this standard is not interesting - its price is much lower than that of 585 and higher. The cost is influenced by the composition of the alloy: if it contains palladium, the price will be higher, as well as the current exchange rate on the London Stock Exchange.

To calculate the cost, you need to multiply the price for today by 0.375. The resulting figure will mean the current price of 375 samples.

For example, today the price on the stock exchange is 2368. 2368 x 0.375 = 888. This will be the approximate price per gram. Since pawnshops, jewelers and shops set their prices, focusing on the London fixing

In pawnshops, products made from such gold are accepted only as scrap, giving a very low price for them, which, again, depends on the composition of the alloy.

However, this does not mean that you should avoid such products - buy them in order to wear and enjoy their beauty.

Alloys 375 gold

If the actual precious metal in 375 gold is only 37.5%, what then makes up the remaining 62.5%? This is copper, another precious metal is silver.

In total, jewelry standards define 5 types of alloys, which are given the right to be called 375 gold. They differ in the percentage of metals in the composition, the color depends on the ligature: there will be more copper, the alloy will become red, if there is silver, it will be less saturated, pink.

Even with a low gold content in the alloy, its color can vary from yellow to red, so it is impossible to determine the sample by color:

• the more copper in the alloy, the richer the red hue of gold will become;
• if palladium is added to the alloy (40% palladium, 10% silver), the metal will acquire a creamy tint;
• silver in the alloy is more than 60% - the color of gold will be close to white.

In any case, for any ratio, the gold content is a certain percentage - 37.5.

Features of low-grade gold

A low-quality product should not be considered bad. Its main advantage is the price. In terms of design and artistic value, 375 gold products may not differ, but due to the price they become affordable.

The copper in the composition gives strength and durability to the alloy, but over time, if not cared for, products made from such gold may tarnish. Because of this, it is not widely used in the jewelry industry. However, the strength that the high copper content gives to the alloy (375 gold is much stronger than 585, 750) makes it indispensable in the production of products where increased wear resistance is necessary. Therefore, it is often used for the manufacture of:

• wedding rings;
• chains;
• bracelets;
• watch cases and bracelets.

It is important to understand that “gold does not wear off” - it is an alloy, not a coating; the precious metal cannot be erased - it’s just that the silver and copper that make up the alloy tend to oxidize in air and form a plaque. Therefore, it is important to care for 375-karat gold items with the same care as high-grade ones.

“They don’t trust” such a hallmark only in Russia - products made from 9-karat gold corresponding to 375 hallmark are popular among Western youth. By the way, the well-known company Parker also uses a 9-carat alloy for the production of its pens, which has increased wear resistance.

In Russia, there is a widespread myth that such jewelry quickly turns black, this blackness cannot be removed, cannot be removed by anything, and it appears due to the small amount of gold in the ligature. Therefore, many are stopped from buying: supposedly low-quality jewelry is bad, but there is not enough money for high-quality jewelry.

You need to take care of it the same way: both for products made of 750 standard and for low-grade ones - then both of them will last a long time.

Types of samples

The mined metal has a pleasant lemon color and is expensive; because of its softness in its pure form it is not used for jewelry - imagine what will happen to the ring if you clench your fingers into a fist - the ring can bend and lose its shape. Therefore, when making earrings and chains and the rings are not pure metal, but its alloys. Copper, silver, and precious platinum are most often used as additives.

Fineness refers to the percentage of precious metal in an alloy. There are 4 standards:

• “four nines” – “pure” gold;
• 750 - contains, in addition to 75.5% gold, other metals - silver, nickel, platinum, copper, palladium.
• 585 - the most common sample among jewelers - contains 58.5%.
• 375 standard – 37.5% with additions of copper and silver.

There are also other markings abroad, the lowest of which is 333, the most common is 500. However, Russian standards set 4 higher than those indicated.

Proper care of gold jewelry

The most important rule is to clean your jewelry regularly. It doesn’t matter what precious metal they are made of, and even more so, what grade they are made of - over time, a dirty coating appears on all of them. Body sweat, dust and environmental pollution settle on your rings, which is why they lose their former attractiveness and become dull.

Be sure to remove jewelry from your hands if you work with alkaline or acidic compounds. They are components of many cleaning products and solvents and have a negative effect on gold, even to the point of damaging the structure of the alloy.

Paints, varnishes, and substances with abrasive properties can also harm your jewelry. Take them off before going to the bathhouse or sauna. Exposure to high temperatures also has a negative effect on gold alloys.

Do not store gold jewelry in cardboard boxes - the sulfur contained in it causes the items to turn black.

As can be seen from the above, it is not the sample that is to blame for the fact that the products have lost their appearance, but incorrect wearing and irregular cleaning.

How to clean a gold ring at home

Cleaning gold items (of any standard) at home is simple:

• For light soiling, a warm solution of washing powder is sufficient. Keep the products in it for 10 minutes, then rinse well with running water.
• 10 drops of ammonia per glass of warm water - if the contamination is severe.
• Stains from a gold item are removed with a special paste; if they are ingrained, hold them in a concentrated ammonia solution - it will not dissolve the precious metal, but will remove the oxidation of copper and silver.

Now you know what 375 gold is, how it differs, and what its value is.

Source: http://lombardyinfo.ru/stati/375-proba-zolota.html

Gold purity: 999, 750, 585, 583, 375, 350

Why are gold samples used and what do they mean? Why are other metals almost always added to gold? If element 79 of the periodic table D.I. Mendeleev in his simple state fell into our hands - we would be surprised, to put it mildly.

This is because gold in its pure form is a soft, extremely dense metal with an unsaturated color. Using it to create jewelry would be foolish and the vaunted durability of “everlasting value” could be forgotten. At one time, smart people came up with the idea of ​​adding other metals to gold (an admixture of non-precious base metals is called an alloy) - the “solar” metal not only began to sparkle with other colors, but became harder and of higher quality in use.

To determine how much precious metal is contained in the alloy, a sampling system was introduced.

Gold test (from the English probe, assay) - determination of the ligature in gold, as well as special marks (stamps) that are imposed by control institutions to guarantee the content of precious metals in products.

The law strictly controls not only the jewelry itself, but also the institutions that sell them. Therefore, before finding out how much a gram of gold costs in a pawnshop, make sure you have a license and other documents that regulate the activities of the office.  

Today there are 4 existing sample systems, the most popular being the metric and carat systems.

Carat sample system

1 carat is equal to one twenty-fourth of the mass of the alloy, according to the British carat system (it is common in the USA, Switzerland and other countries). 24 carat gold (24K) is pure, free of any impurities, while 14 carat gold (14K) contains 14 parts gold and 10 parts other metals. Jewelers use samples of 9, 10, 14, 18 and 24 carats for their products.

Metric system

1927 was marked for our country by the transition to the metric system of samples; the share of precious metal here is determined by the number of grams in one kilogram of jewelry alloy. For example, 1000 g of 750-grade alloy contains 750 grams of noble metal and 250 g of other impurities, or alloy. Our jewelers use 375, 500, 585, 750, 900, 916, 958 samples to make gold items.

Previously, there was also a 583 standard of gold, which corresponded to the western one, equal to 14 K, however, the western one was slightly higher than the domestic one. Then a proposal was made to slightly change the classic gold standard from 583 to 585, all so that our products in cost per 1 gram of gold would not be inferior to Western ones.

By the way, Forex gold is not inferior in popularity to many common currency pairs in trading. 

Relationship between gold assay systems

Metric system	999	958	750	585	583	500	375
Carat sample system	24	23	18	14	14	12	9
Share of pure gold	99,9%	95,8%	75%	58,5%	58,3%	50%	37,5%

375 standard - the alloy contains only 38% gold (the bulk is made up of silver and copper), colors vary from yellow to red, the alloy fades in air, because Iron sulfide forms on the surface.

500 standard – contains 50.5% gold (the rest of the alloy is silver and copper), low-cast.

585 standard is an alloy containing 59% gold (ligature metals - silver, copper, palladium, nickel), it is hard, durable, does not tarnish in air, is easily forged, therefore it is widely used by jewelers in industry.

750 standard – 75.5% gold is contained in this alloy (the main components are silver, platinum, copper, palladium, nickel), the color palette is also very diverse: colors vary from bright green to red in all shades. Due to its hardness, strength, and ease of processing, it is widely used for making jewelry.

958 standard - the alloy contains 96.3% pure gold, is practically not used for the production of jewelry, it is soft and unsaturated in color. The cost of 958 gold is higher compared to other gold grades.

999 standard is actually pure gold, “red gold” - as our ancestors would say. The soft metal, which is prone to deformation, is not used in the jewelry industry. Although before the revolution of 1917, in our country wedding rings were made from it, which the “new Russians” of the mid-90s could appreciate - they were so thick, massive and weighed decently - more than 8 grams. The cost of gold today is 999, of course, the highest.

Legislative regulation

In our country, the gold content in a product is controlled by the state through the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 18, 1999 No. 643 “On the procedure for testing and marking products made of precious metals.”

If a product is manufactured on Russian territory or intended for import, it must bear the state hallmark and Russian hallmark. The Federal Assay Supervision ensures that the gold content clearly corresponds to the specified standard.

The Russian State Assay Office under the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation is responsible for the testing and hallmarking procedure. Russian jewelry is stamped with the image of a woman's head in a kokoshnik.

On the products of domestic jewelers, in addition to the stamp of the State Inspectorate's hallmark, there must be an imprint of the manufacturer's name. The name mark is the manufacturer's mark, on which the first digit indicates the year of branding, the second icon (letter) is the code of the State Inspectorate responsible for branding. The remaining letters contain the manufacturer's name.

Source: https://kupluzoloto.ru/proby-zolota-999-750-585-583-375-350

Lifehack: what types of gold are there?

Alexander. . Date: March 24, 2016. Reading time 5 minutes.

In Russia, GOST has always been used for gold products; only the State Assay Office can stamp them. It is quite difficult to fake it, and it is criminally punishable. Next to it is the sample and the “name” of the manufacturer.

For more than 40 years, gold has not served as an equivalent of money and is not used in direct calculations. Today it is a product, but not a simple one, but a very expensive one: rare, almost eternal, universal. To correctly determine its value, you need to know what types of gold there are - this indicator is the basis for the price of the product.

Sample as an indicator of content

There are two ways to determine a sample: in carats and in the metric system. Both are based on the same principle: calculating the precious metal content in parts of the total weight of the alloy. Metric - shows its quantity per 1,000 units, carat - per 24. So, sample 585 means 585 shares, or 58.5% of gold in the alloy. Let's construct a simple proportion and convert it to carats.

585 g - 1,000 g

X - 24 g

X = 585 × 24 / 1,000 = 14 carats

Gold is a very soft metal, so it is practically not used in its pure form. Only bars contain it in the amount of 999.9 (“4 nines”). Alloys containing from 300 to 750 parts Au are used for jewelry. Other metals can be represented by silver, palladium, nickel, zinc, copper - this common complementary “residue” is called an alloy.

Until 1927, the “spool” measure was adopted in Russia. It differs only in that a pound of weight was taken as 100%. If you happen to have an antique product, you can calculate the content using the same simple formula. One spool is equal to 1/96th of a part. Different countries may use their own standards, but any number indicates nothing more than the number of shares. Therefore, it is easy to convert from one system to another (Table 1).

Table 1. Correspondence of gold samples in various measurement systems in carats and metric in spools

8	333	32
9	375	36
14	585	56
18	750	72
21,6	900	86,4
23,5	980	94
24	1 000	96

Investing in jewelry and buying real estate are the most common ways to save money from inflation. In any case, this is less risky than opening a deposit in an MFO, trying to make money on the difference in bank rates. But in order to avoid mistakes, you need to be careful about the information indicated on the item.

The standard for “jewelry” is 585 gold, this is the optimal combination of strength, malleability of the metal, and resistance to chemical attack. Soviet-made jewelry is marked with the number 583, which is practically the same thing.

When converted to carats, it corresponded to 13.99, not 14, so the standard was clarified. The price of a gram of products fluctuates greatly. In jewelry with inserts of precious stones, it can increase to 6000-7000 rubles per gram.

Figure 1 shows the signs that should be marked on tested samples.

Figure 1. Hallmarks, designation of fineness and origin of a gold product

In Tsarist Russia, coins were made from “red” gold of a reddish color. This is an alloy with copper, the Au content in it is not less than 750, in modern coins - 900 - 999.9. It is impossible to determine a sample by color. Depending on the impurity, the alloy can have any shade: white, yellow, green (Table 2).

Table 2. metals in 585 gold alloy. The price is for new products without stones. According to the Russian company RegionGold, as of March 2016. Color Composition of alloy, in parts Average price per product, rub./g silver copper nickel zinc

white	100	30	250	35	2800 — 3430
pink	90	325	2797 — 3429
yellow	187,5	227,5	2801 — 3433
red	80	335	2798 — 2802
green	300	115	from 3 200

Note that gold, although a reliable commodity, has low liquidity. As an alternative way to save funds, it has now become available to open an individual investment account for individuals - investing in securities and transferring them to trust management.

Figure 2 shows gold grades in foreign jewelry. Most often this is marked in carats, sometimes it is supplemented with metric indicators and a manufacturer's code. Not all countries have established GOST standards; there is state control over production, as in Russia. There are none, for example, in Turkey. This explains the cheapness of Turkish jewelry.

Figure 2. Marking of foreign gold jewelry indicating color

Legal sale of precious metals

The sale of 9999 gold bars, the table and prices for which are shown below, is carried out by many Russian banks. The cost per gram increases during periods of economic instability and decreases during periods of calm - this is a market pattern.

As of March 12, 2016, it is 82.9% of the level of 3 years ago on the same date. However, over the last year the growth was 22.19% (Fig. 3, Table 3). Purchasing bullion and opening an impersonal metal account (UMA) are popular investment methods.

Figure 3. Dynamics of the cost of 1 gram of 999.9 fine gold bullion

Table 3. Selling price of gold bullion by Russian banks on March 10-12, 2016 Name of bank price per 1g in rubles. net weight (mass) total cost of the ingot, rub.

AK Bars Bank	3 862,00	1	3 862 000,00
Sberbank of Russia	3 859,00	1	3 859 000,00
Gazprombank	4 576,62	1	4 576 620,00
Lanta-Bank	3 899,58	1	3 899 580,00
Bank of Moscow	3 919,16	1	3 919 160,00
Promsvyazbank	3 974,35	1	3 974 350,00
MTS bank	3 379,31	1	3 379 310,00
Uralprombank	3 866,91	5	19 334 550,00
KB Bank for Technology Development	3 300,00	5	16 500 000,00
National Collateral Bank	5 090,80	5	25 454 000,00
MDM Bank	3 687,36	20	73 747 200,00

Almost a third of the world's gold reserves are the reserves of the IMF and State Central Banks of different countries. The rest is in the hands of the population, mainly in the form of jewelry. Until now, the volume of gold serves as an indicator of the welfare of the state, despite the fact that current currencies are not directly linked to a particular amount of this metal.

Source: https://yakapitalist.ru/imushhestvo/proby-zolota/

325 standard, advantages and disadvantages of such gold - Natural Treasures

Any jewelry connoisseur knows that every piece of jewelry is always created from an alloy that includes both precious metal and alloy of other types of metals. A sample or jewelry mark, the numerical value of which indicates the content of precious metal in the total mass, helps to understand how many additives are contained in the alloy.

When making gold jewelry in Russia, the following alloys are usually used: 375, 500, 585, 750, 958, 999.

However, in such a situation the question arises - which gold standard is better? After all, not every one makes it possible to create beautiful and high-quality jewelry that will be characterized by reliability and wear resistance.

To get an answer to this question, you need to consider the characteristics of each of the given samples.

375 sample

The 375 alloy contains only 37.5% gold, which is equal to 9 carats. Its main content is a ligature of copper and silver.

This sample is considered a kind of boundary for the low content of precious metal in the manufacture of jewelry.

Despite the fact that products made from this sample are quite durable, they quickly lose color and begin to fade. The advantage of this sample is its extremely low price, unlike other samples.

500 sample

A hallmark of 500 indicates that the alloy contains 50% pure gold. It is equal to 12 carats. Since it is difficult to pour, it is almost never used in jewelry.

Another reason that makes it difficult to make jewelry from this alloy is that its colors are highly dependent on the content of metals such as copper and silver. Products from this sample are not very attractive in appearance, especially since after a few years they lose color.

So this sample can be seen more often in the documentation of the assay supervision. You most likely won't find it in jewelry stores. The only advantage of this sample is its low price.

585 sample

The indicator 585 can be seen on approximately 90% of all domestic gold products. The alloy of this marking includes 58.5% natural metal, which is equivalent to 14 carats. The rest comes from copper, silver, as well as nickel and palladium. The ligature in the specified alloy makes it possible to achieve the desired color shade in the resulting product.

Products made from this alloy are characterized by such advantages as good hardness, as well as long-lasting color and shine. If we talk about strength, the products are well protected from deformation, they are difficult to damage or leave scratches. Currently, sample 585 is the gold standard in the CIS.

The price of this alloy depends on the metal alloy used in its composition, as well as on world gold prices.

750 sample

Alloy 750 contains 75% precious metal, which is equivalent to 18 carats. Its composition includes silver, nickel, copper and platinum. Products made from this alloy are characterized by sufficient strength and elasticity.

In addition, they are very easy to work with, so they can be used to create excellent, technically labor-intensive jewelry.

This indicator is the most common in the European market and among professionals is considered the best for making luxury jewelry. If we talk about disadvantages, then this is a rather high price.

958 sample

The indicator 958 indicates that this is a high-grade alloy that contains almost no additives. It contains 95.8% natural gold, which is equivalent to 23 carats. It is clear that the color and shade of this alloy are almost the same as that of pure precious metal.

Despite the fact that products with this hallmark are extremely beautiful, they are in any case too soft, so they are easy to scratch and ruin. It is quite clear that the cost of this sample is as high as the price of pure gold.

So an alloy with this indicator is not often used by jewelers when making jewelry.

999 sample

The last marking is 999. It is the highest and is equal to 24 carats. It is from this sample that products are extremely rarely made. The alloy is too soft and easily susceptible to various deformations.

Usually it is used to create various decorative inserts for jewelry made from more resistant alloys. Most often, coins and bars are made from it, which are considered a reliable investment option.

Its price is the highest among the others.

The best standard of gold

By comparing the distinctive features of the six gold alloys, you can understand which gold alloy is the best. The most optimal are samples 585 and 750. They are both good in price and quality. If you choose only between them, then the best standard of gold is 585, since it is of excellent quality and affordable price.

You also need to know that, regardless of the standard and its merits, gold requires care in order to maintain its original appearance. To do this, you need to remember a few tips.

1. Store items in boxes or drawers made of wood or metal. Cardboard and paper can cause a chemical reaction that will tarnish the gold.
2. Remove rings and bracelets when using leather products as they may contain ingredients that chemically attack the gold, making it duller.
3. Don't forget to clean your gold regularly. Available means for these purposes can be used: vinegar, ammonia, or onion juice. After cleaning the jewelry, you need to wipe it dry.

Source: https://22av.ru/osobennosti/325-proba-dostoinstva-i-nedostatki-takogo-zolota.html

Branding as it is

The fineness itself represents the percentage of the immediate volume occupied by gold in the alloy. In accordance with these data, a sample is assigned.

Samples appearing in Russian gold products.

According to the laws existing in Russia, all products that are produced by industrial facilities and contain more than 30 percent of precious metal must be branded.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u8ppCrJY2tc

The state controls and regulates the functioning of any enterprises and stores related to the extraction, production and sale of gold. The mark indicates that the state guarantees the composition of this alloy with a specific combination of gold and other metals.

If a sample is not found on any product made of precious metals, including gold, this indicates that the product was produced or brought into the country illegally. Naturally, there can be no confidence in its quality and purity.

For example, gold standard 375 contains only 37.5% pure gold, that is, 375 grams, and the rest of the metal is represented by a ligature that gives the gold alloy certain properties that gold lacks.

Relevance 375 samples

Given the low demand for hallmark 375 in Russia, the countries of the Old World and America, as well as in some other countries, gold of this hallmark is quite often quoted by consumers. Even much more often than gold of a higher standard. In Germany, for example, there is even a 333 sample in use.

In England and in European countries, gold standard 375 in terms of the karat system is 9 carats. This is the minimum acceptable limit of gold purity. In some countries this limit is somewhere between 333 (8k) and 417 samples (10k).

What is a ligature?

375 gold can include various types of alloy, as a result of which the quality of the product increases. Ligature additives are varied. Possible mixing with alloyed precious and base metals. The most popular alloys are gold and silver, gold and copper, gold and palladium.

Distinctive nuances of 375 gold

For the 375th sample, the ligature can be silver, copper and, in rare cases, palladium. Due to the low content of pure gold in this sample, jewelers jokingly call it “an alloy of copper and silver containing gold.”

375 gold can have completely different colors, from bright yellow to deep red.

The intensity of the pink color is directly proportional to the amount of copper in the alloy.

The delicate creamy shade is obtained thanks to the content of 10% silver and 40% palladium. If the volume of added silver is more than 60%, the result will be a shade identical to “white gold”.

The yellow-pink color is created by adding silver and copper.

Due to the significant amount of copper in gold of this standard, it becomes stronger, more durable and ductile.

The main difference and the biggest drawback of products of this sample is the fragility of its original color. Having gained excellent strength and wear resistance, the 375 gold alloy has lost the ability to remain chemically stable and not oxidize, forming plaque.

Application of this alloy

In Soviet times, 375 gold was the most popular option for making inexpensive jewelry, especially wedding rings.

In addition, in the Soviet Union it was widely used in the manufacture of “gold” wristwatches. But not only for the sake of aesthetics, but also because this alloy had strength and at the same time great ductility.

Over time, it began to be used less and less, which is not surprising. Such gold does not have status and cannot be a good investment. Therefore, it is not relevant among the population.

Over time, it quickly loses its original aesthetic appearance. His shine, brightness, and beauty disappear. Some owners of such jewelry complain of allergic reactions in the places where gold jewelry is worn. This is explained by the fact that some of its owners have increased sensitivity to certain alloy impurities.

But you shouldn’t categorically refuse gold 375.

If you treat it with care and periodically clean it from plaque, you will be able to delay the damage to the jewelry and it will be able to please the owner for many years.

In Russia, in accordance with standards, 4 types of gold jewelry have 375 standard:

1. Wedding rings;
2. Earrings;
3. Chains;
4. Bracelets and pendants.

It can also be found as a frame for semi-precious stones.

In terms of the level of artistic skill, products made from low-grade gold and its analogues are practically no different.

Jewelry made from 375 gold is the most accessible to any consumer. You can purchase jewelry made from it at a very reasonable price.

The pink alloy is considered the best of the 375 gold alloys in terms of its properties: durability, strength, and aesthetic appeal. Thanks to the parameters acquired in this tandem, it lends itself very well to processing and soldering. And even considering their low standard, products created in this way can be very elegant.

But there is one more nuance. 375 gold, taking into account reviews from jewelers, is really not in great demand. But manufacturers got out of this situation. They apply electroplating on top of such an alloy, obtaining a 585 sample. And then the real sample 585 is almost impossible to distinguish from gold 375 markings. Unless they decide to sell it and an experienced jeweler will recognize such a trick.

Prices

Today, 375-carat gold costs up to a thousand rubles per gram. The price takes into account that in this alloy the master alloy accounts for the majority of the alloy. Therefore, the composition of the ligature has a great influence on the cost of the product.

palladium significantly increases the cost of the product.

So, if the ligature is represented by palladium, which in itself is precious and costs no less than gold, then the product of this sample will cost more.

If the supplement consists of argentum or copper, then the price will be significantly lower.

We sell it to a pawnshop

Sometimes, for various reasons, it becomes necessary to take jewelry to a pawnshop. Perhaps the jewelry is already tired, out of fashion or obsolete. Also, there is an urgent need for money.

Then it will be useful to know that 375 gold in a pawnshop is considered scrap and is valued at an extremely low estimated value, so the price per gram will be no more than 450 rubles.

Before handing it over to a pawnshop, be sure to bring the 375-carat jewelry into more or less decent shape, perhaps this will at least slightly increase its chances of a higher estimated value.

Caring for jewelry 375

The resistance of a piece of jewelry to oxidation directly depends on the amount of additives it contains. The higher their content, the faster the original appearance is lost. Therefore, jewelry made of 375 gold requires more frequent and careful care.

After it becomes dirty and gradually loses its shine and brightness, it should be cleaned. Under no circumstances is it recommended to carry out such cleaning using abrasive products. If you don’t have time, you can take it to a workshop for cleaning, but doing the same procedure at home is not at all difficult.

Dirty or tarnished gold jewelry should be dipped in ammonia and washed in it. The solution is made from a glass of water and 10 drops of ammonia.

You can limit yourself to dipping it in a solution of washing powder, and then washing it and rinsing it off the foam.

Professionals categorically do not recommend using a soap solution for cleaning, because it creates a surface greasy film.

If there are stains on gold jewelry, they can be easily removed with a special stain removal paste.

If it has become ingrained, then you should try high concentration ammonia. Do not be afraid to keep products in an ammonia solution for a long time. It is safe for gold. And oxidized additives in the form of copper and silver form compounds with ammonia, which are easily washed off.

You can add any detergent to the ammonia solution.

Each product has its own buyer. It is unlikely that anyone will pass these products from grandmother to granddaughter, but thanks to the affordable price and subject to proper care, 375 gold can be bought without much strain on your pocket and you can enjoy your new purchase.

Source: http://golden-inform.ru/proby/375-zolota/

What is 333 gold standard and what are its features?

In the world of jewelry, 333 gold is the last in terms of precious metal content in the alloy. It is optimal in terms of quality and cost ratio. Jewelry made from this gold is wear-resistant and allows you to implement almost any design solutions.

A little about gold and 8-karat alloy

Gold is one of the precious and rare metals. Its extraction is expensive and requires a lot of time and resources. Only in computer games can you find gold bars by solving a riddle; in reality, everything is much more complicated.

Using pure gold to create jewelry is impractical. Precious metal by nature has a soft and malleable structure. To impart hardness and reduce the cost of the finished product, impurities are used. Jewelers are experimenting with different alloys and their percentages, producing alloys of different colors and different densities.

The purity of gold is determined by the percentage of pure precious metal to various additives. There are 3 generally accepted systems for classifying the purity of jewelry gold:

• metric (percent);
• carat (in carats);
• spool valve

According to the classification, 333 samples of gold contain 33.3% pure gold, which is equal to 8 carats of the imperial system and 32 units of the spool. In terms of composition and characteristics, this sample is close to 375, which is often used in Europe to produce a wide range of different jewelry.

The use of additional components in the alloy allows you to change its physical properties and characteristics. The most commonly used additives to gold are:

• nickel;
• copper;
• palladium;
• silver.

Most often, jewelry bronze is used to form an alloy with a low gold content. It is preferred for its color and high fluidity rate. Depending on the required indicators, different types of jewelry bronze are used. So, the components of the ligature and their proportions will determine what color the product will take: from pale yellow to bright red. The most popular is an alloy containing 9 units of copper and 1 unit of tin.

Rings, including wedding rings, bracelets, earrings, chains and any other accessories with small details are made from 333-karat alloy.

As an example, let’s look at the composition of a 333-carat gold engagement ring weighing 5 grams. The alloy will consist of:

• 3 g copper;
• 0.33 g tin;
• 1.67 g gold.

Properties of 333 gold jewelry

Despite the low percentage of pure gold in the 8-karat alloy, the indicator allows us to classify products made from it as jewelry. The properties of 333 gold allow jewelers to bring a wide variety of ideas to life. The alloy is especially suitable for making openwork elements.

Jewelry made of 333 gold is popular in jewelry boutiques in Canada. It is even more often used for the manufacture of various accessories in Germany. Often for this reason the sample is called Germanic.

In the last century, an alloy with 33.3% pure precious metal with bronze was often used in the Czech Republic. Local jewelers preferred it for its reliability and durability. You can still find jewelry over 100 years old in antique shops.

Compared to other samples, the 8-karat alloy is of the lowest quality. However, it has its advantages. The main thing is a harmonious ratio of strength and cost. Only this kind of gold makes it easy to create small jewelry elements.

Cost of 8 carat gold

Most often, 333 gold is preferred due to its low cost. To calculate the current price of 1 year, you need to use the price indicator of the Central Bank of Russia. Please note that it is indicated for 999 gold. Find out the market value of a unit of alloy with 33% gold by multiplying the indicator by a coefficient of 0.333.

The market value of gold products is influenced by several factors:

• price level established by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation for precious metals;
• the presence or absence of inserts made of precious or semi-precious stones;
• alloy components;
• artistic value of jewelry.

On average, the cost of 1 g of 8-karat gold is in the range of 2-2.5 thousand rubles. Most often, products made from such an alloy are imported.

Source: https://1nerudnyi.ru/333-proba-zolota-10/

Marking and testing of precious metals

Such a concept as “sample” appeared in jewelry when the need to control the consumption of precious metals and their content in various alloys was recognized. The mark determined the proportion of precious metal in the alloy from which a particular product was made.

It is impossible to obtain strong and durable jewelry that is resistant to deformation from pure precious metal, so jewelry and other items are made from alloys.

A precious metal alloy may include zinc, copper, silver, nickel and other metals that are responsible for certain properties and characteristics, including the color of the product. Metals added to an alloy are called alloys.

Knowing what types of precious alloys there are, you can easily determine the quality of a particular piece of jewelry.

What products are tested?

The state hallmark is placed on all products made of precious metals and their alloys using artistic processing, with inserts of precious, jewelry, ornamental and colored stones. In addition, the sample is minted for commemorative, anniversary signs and medals, except for commemorative coins that have been issued, as well as state awards.

Each precious metal on which the alloy is made has not only a certain set of digital hallmarks, but also the shape of a mark. In this case, gold-plated silver jewelry is branded as silver.

The following products are not stamped:

• Nuggets of precious metals used as jewelry (inserts, onlays, pendants, etc.), for such products a certificate for nuggets of precious metals is sufficient.
• Gold and silver leaf, as well as small incisions in gold and silver on weapons, vases, dishes, caskets and religious objects.

If a piece of jewelry is imported from abroad for sale, it may be of a lower standard than that established in accordance with Russian standards for the alloy of a particular precious metal. In such cases, the State Assay Inspectorate stamps the product according to the nearest lower established standard.

If the content of precious metal in an imported product does not correspond to even the lowest standard established by the state, the stamp is not applied.

How is jewelry assayed?

All samples of precious metal alloys are strictly regulated and controlled by the state. That is why every piece of jewelry must undergo control by the State Trial Supervision Inspectorate. After inspection, if the product meets the stated requirements, it is stamped with numbers indicating the sample. If a product does not have an assay mark, its quality raises fair doubts.

The state hallmark is placed using an electric spark or laser method by state assay supervision inspectorates.

What are the types of precious metals?

Today, two systems for testing products made from precious metal alloys are the most widely used. The karat system, which has German roots, is used abroad for gold alloys.

pure gold is determined by the number of carats (1 carat equals 9.7 g) in one “Cologne mark” (233.8 g). Pure gold will be 24 karat. A sample of 18 carats will mean that the alloy contains 18 carats of pure gold and 6 carats of ligature. There are alloys of 9,14, 18 and 22 carats.

This system has nothing in common with the system for measuring the mass of precious stones.

In Russia, the metric testing system has been used since 1927. It is much easier to understand: the number on the sample means the number of grams of pure precious metal in one kilogram of alloy.

Currently, GOST R 53197-2008 is in force, according to which the following tests are used in Russia:

• Gold: 375, 500, 585, 750, 958, 999 and 999.9.
• Silver: 800, 830, 875, 925, 960, 999.
• Platinum: 850, 900, 950, 990.
• Palladium: 500, 850, 900, 950, 990.

How to read a hallmark on jewelry?

The mark consists of identification marks and hallmark marks, which can be affixed together (in a single outline) or separately.

Since 1958, the ID badge has been an image of a hammer and sickle against the background of a five-pointed star. Since 1994, the Russian Federation has had an identification sign representing the profile of a female head in a kokoshnik, turned to the right.

In addition to the stamp with a woman’s head and the hallmark designation, the product has another alphabetic code - the name tag. The first letter tells about the year of manufacture of the product. This value was introduced in 2001, and this year corresponded to the letter "A". Subsequent years were designated in alphabetical order. A product manufactured in 2015 will have a code starting with the letter “P”. Products manufactured before 2001 had numbers and signs in the code.

The second letter of the name indicates which specific Assay Supervision Inspectorate issued the stamp, depending on the area in which the production is located. For example, the Moscow Region State Assay Supervision Inspectorate in the city of Bronnitsy is designated by the letter “B”.

The next two characters in the nameplate are the manufacturer's code. The Assay Office recommends that manufacturers use no more than two letters of the Russian alphabet.

Where should the sample be?

Imprints of the name and hallmark are placed on the inner surface of the rim of rings, on the clasp parts on earrings, brooches and chains, on the outer side of the ear of pendants and pendants.

Brands of products of the Bronnitsky Jeweler brand

Products made of precious metals in the assortment of the Bronnitsky Jeweler franchise network have three degrees of protection, which can be used to verify their authenticity and quality. 

• Personal hallmark of “Bronnitsky Jeweler”, registered by the Assay Supervision Inspectorate of the State Assay Chamber of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation. 
• The brand mark is updated every year and using it you can not only confirm the brand of the product, but also determine the year of manufacture of this product.
• Stamp of the Assay Supervision Inspectorate of the State Assay Chamber under the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation.

Source: https://www.bronnitsy.com/articles/markirovka-i-probirovanie-dragotsennykh-metallov.html

What types of gold are there?

Gold jewelry has been worn for thousands of years. But questions about jewelry made of precious metal are not decreasing. Many buyers mistakenly think that a high standard is a guarantee of high-quality jewelry that can be worn for years and not be removed. “Ukrzoloto” will tell you of wedding rings it is best to buy for every day. And why aren’t jewelry made from pure precious metal?

Metric gold hallmark

In its pure form, without impurities, the 79th element of the periodic table is a very soft material. Therefore, jewelry made of 999 gold cannot be called practical.

To make aurum jewelry durable and worn for years, special components are added to gold. They are called ligature . Impurities affect the color of gold and its wear resistance.

Copper, silver, palladium, platinum, nickel, cadmium, zinc and chromium are used as additives .

The gold sample (lat. probo - I estimate) shows how much pure gold is in the alloy. primarily affects the price of jewelry And only then - design.

999 standard for jewelry is used extremely rarely due to its softness. This is the same gold leaf used to cover church domes. Such a high percentage of aurum is found only in bank bullion, which is stored in a bank as an investment.

958 gold – 96% pure metal. Because of their softness, jewelry is made massive so that it does not deform. They are more popular in Arab countries and the East.

750 standard - 75% metal. The sample is easy to process, lends itself well to polishing, but is not entirely practical for every day. Especially when it comes to rings.

585 standard means that 1 kg of gold contains 585 g (58.5%) of pure metal. The remaining 41.5% is a ligature. The most popular and practical choice.

500 standard - 50% gold with silver and copper.

375 sample - 37.5% aurum. Durable alloy, but jewelry quickly fades if not properly cared for. Although this is an excellent budget option for a precious accessory for every day.

Red gold is a metal containing more than 90% pure aurum.
 

What is the difference between 585 and 583 gold purity

585 gold standard officially appeared in Ukraine in 1994. It fully complies with 14-karat international quality standards. Previously, 583 samples were used - 13.99 carats according to the Western grading system.

Externally, products made from 583 samples have a more saturated red tint due to the larger amount of copper in the composition. The differences between the two types are that 585 allows fluctuations only in a larger direction. Jewelry with a gold content of 58%, not 58.5%, is rejected. But at 583, this is a normal indicator.

Therefore, the jewelry contains 0.2% more precious metal (at least) 585 samples

What do carats mean in gold?

The carat weight of diamonds (Carats) and gold ( Karats ) are different concepts, which is easy to notice even by the different spellings. The karat system for grading precious metals is used abroad.

It also shows what percentage of pure gold is in the alloy: 24-karat contains 100% aurum, 18-karat - 75%, 14-karat - 58.5%, 9-karat - 37.5%.

The latter indicator refers to low-grade gold.

Gold color and purity

The color of gold is affected not by the sample, but by the alloy (additives to the alloy). The proportions of copper and silver make a red or pink ; for white gold , palladium, platinum, silver or nickel are used; for yellow gold , zinc, copper and silver are used. Unusual black gold is obtained in several ways:

• combining cobalt and chromium;
• black rhodium plating;
• using a laser pulse;
• treating with amorphous carbon.

  It is impossible to determine the gold sample by color. For example, 585 standard jewelry comes in yellow, red, pink and white. And it is hardly possible to determine it visually just by looking at the product.

   

Stamp and hallmark on a piece of jewelry: how to decipher it

The Trident or chestnut leaf is used as a brand in Ukraine. To apply the latter to its products, the plant receives state accreditation. In a simple version, the stamp has a rectangular shape with the specified hallmark. The brand and name tag are applied using a laser method or by making an imprint on the metal surface.

The name tag is the name of the manufacturer with a set of letters or numbers (date of manufacture). It is only available on products manufactured after 2001. How to decipher the name code:

1. The first letter is the year of manufacture (A - 2001, etc.)
2. The second letter is the hallmark code, corresponding to the code on the stamp.
3. The last letters are the manufacturer's code.

The name stamp is subject to annual re-registration with the State Assay Service .
  Information about the sample of the product must be indicated on the product itself and on the tag (passport) of the jewelry. Both the hallmark and the stamp are placed on the inside of the ring, in bracelets and rings - on the clasp of the product, in earrings - on the clasp, on pendants the hallmark can be found on the bunt (hole for the chain).

How to test a gold sample at home

There are several ways to find out the gold standard . The most popular methods among the people: drop 3 drops of iodine, dip the product in vinegar, run it across the glass or hold it to a magnet. But you shouldn't play professional. Questionable testing methods may provoke an unexpected metal reaction or affect the appearance of the insert.

Then it will be impossible to return the original appearance of the product. If you doubt the quality of the jewelry, take it to a laboratory or pawn shop. The examination will determine the sample quickly and painlessly for jewelry and your wallet. To avoid buying a fake, always look for hallmarks and hallmarks on the product.

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More on the topic: What types of silver are there?

Source: https://ukrzoloto.ua/blog/kakie-byvayut-proby-zolota/