How to connect an aluminum profile to each other

How to connect drywall profiles

All plasterboard structures are built from four main types of profiles: rack and guide profiles for plasterboard partitions and guides and ceiling profiles for plasterboard ceilings.

In cross-section, the profiles for gypsum craton are shaped like the letter P; accordingly, the profiles have one wall and two shelves. The guide profiles, both for ceilings and partitions, have even shelves. In rack and load-bearing ceiling profiles, the profile flanges have bends to strengthen the structure.

Profiles are connected in two ways:

Using a special tool called a cutter;
Using metal-to-metal screws. Self-tapping screws are marked as LN, these are piercing screws and LB drilling screws.

In terms of construction, plasterboard profiles are a technologically advanced material and can be connected in very different ways. Some connection methods can be classified as standard, and they are indicated in the technological maps of profile manufacturers. The second part of the connection methods can be called non-standard.

How to connect drywall profiles standard and non-standard

By standard methods we mean connecting profiles using specially produced connecting elements and techniques recommended by drywall manufacturers (Knauf, Giprok). We will call all other methods of connecting profiles non-standard and the technique of such connections depends only on the imagination of the installer.

In this article we will consider the following types of profile connections:

Extension of profiles (overlapping and butt);
Connecting profiles in the corner of structures;
T- and X-shaped connections of profiles.

Extension of profiles

When installing large structures, it is necessary to connect both ceiling and rack profiles. When extending, the profiles can be joined end-to-end or overlapped. For butt connections, special standard connectors are used. They are applied to the butt joint of the profiles and secured with self-tapping screws.

To connect rack profiles, instead of standard connectors, you can use a piece of rack profile (PS). It is also applied to the butt joint of the profiles and secured with self-tapping screws. With such a connection, it is important to maintain the length of the applied profile.

Profile brand	Overlay profile length
PS 50	from 500 mm
PS 75	from 750 mm
PS 100	from 100 mm

Connecting profiles in the corner of the structure

When installing frames for a box or cabinet made of plasterboard, the task arises of connecting the guides and rack profiles at the corner of the structure.

If only rack profiles are used for the frame, they are easily inserted into each other and connected to each other with self-tapping screws (photo 1) or a cutter (photo 2) in three places (top, middle and bottom).

Small plasterboard structures such as pipe boxes or battery screens can be mounted entirely from guide profiles (PN 50×27). Two guide profiles are connected in the corner in the same way as rack-mount ones, only the curved edges of the shelves are cut off for one profile. I repeat, profiles for plasterboard are quite technologically advanced and you can use your imagination in connecting profiles. The main thing is that the resulting structure is strong and stable.

T-shaped connections of racks and jumpers between racks

When organizing a doorway, constructing niches, hatches and for laying communications in the partition, it is necessary to install jumpers made of PN profiles between the rack profiles (PS) of the frame. You can install the jumper in several ways:

If the entire structure is made from PN 50×27 guide profiles, then the T-shaped connection is made in a non-standard way.

How to connect profiles for plasterboard ceilings

Profiles for plasterboard ceilings in frame structures have to be extended and connected at an angle of 90°. Extension of PP ceiling profiles (60x27) is carried out using special extensions.

Cross-connection of ceiling profiles is made using special connectors. The connection of ceiling profiles in a single-level ceiling is made with a single-level connector for ceiling profiles PP 60/27, simply called “crab”.

The connection of profiles in a two-level ceiling is made with a two-level connector. It can be rotated along its axis to the desired connection angle.

To summarize, I would like to note that with a little imagination you can connect drywall profiles without branded connectors, having only metal scissors and pliers.

Source: https://gipsokart.ru/konstrukcii/konstrukcii-iz-gipsokartona/kak-soedinyat-profili-dlya-gipsokartona

Installing a profile under drywall: installation and how to connect them together, design and methods, how to do it correctly - Website about

All plasterboard structures are built from four main types of profiles: rack and guide profiles for plasterboard partitions and guides and ceiling profiles for plasterboard ceilings.

Profiles are connected in two ways:

Using a special tool called a cutter;
Using metal-to-metal screws. Self-tapping screws are marked as LN, these are piercing screws and LB drilling screws.

Connecting aluminum profile

Aluminum mounting system
Connecting profile
№	Name	Price, rub. (pcs./mp)
1	Aluminum top clamping bar, 6000 mm	950 rub/piece
2	Aluminum bottom clamping bar, 6000 mm	1100 rub/piece
3	Narrow seal, 13.5 mm	35 RUR/linear meter
4	Wide seal, 60 mm	98 RUR/linear meter

The Sebeleff company presents to your attention aluminum profiles for mounting sheets of monolithic and cellular polycarbonate. The use of aluminum profiles allows us to achieve maximum quality of installation work for most standard structures, taking into account thermal expansion.

Distinctive features of aluminum profiles for polycarbonate installation are their high quality workmanship, durability, reliability and ease of installation. Aluminum profiles for polycarbonate installation are distinguished by high-quality workmanship, durability, reliability and ease of installation. There are always different types of aluminum profiles in stock.

We are confident that you will be satisfied using our aluminum profile system.

Aluminum profiles for installation of monolithic and cellular polycarbonate

When installing polycarbonate, for example, when covering a greenhouse, the question arises: how to connect the polycarbonate sheets to each other? Often, no connection is made as such; the sheets are simply placed at the joint, which is not correct.

Polycarbonate can “play” with dimensions: expand when heated and contract when cooled.

Accordingly, in cold weather, when the polycarbonate has cooled and slightly decreased in size, a gap appears in the greenhouse (at the site of the “joints” of the sheets) and cold air, precipitation, dew - everything gets inside

The solution to this issue is simple! When installing polycarbonate, it is necessary to use aluminum or PVC profiles. The use of aluminum or PVC profiles allows you to achieve maximum quality of installation work of standard structures, taking into account thermal expansion.

The plastic profile for installing polycarbonate can be matched exactly to the color of the panel sheets; it transmits light, like a polycarbonate sheet of the same color, and bends well. It is advisable to install such a profile over large areas of polycarbonate coating when it is necessary to create a complete fabric. For example, these are canopies over parking lots, large greenhouses, roofs of shopping centers.

The distinctive features of the aluminum profile for polycarbonate installation is its opacity, that is, on a large surface, for example on a canopy over a parking lot, it will not look very aesthetically pleasing, but the aluminum profile for polycarbonate has many advantages: it does not corrode, it hermetically connects the sheets between themselves. The structure made of polycarbonate sheets, fastened with an aluminum profile has excellent load-bearing properties.

Source: https://prookna.info/okna/soedinitelnyj-alyuminievyj-profil.html

Fasteners for profile pipes

The construction of small temporary and dismountable frame structures from profile pipes, where it is impossible to make a connection by hot welding or threading, involves removable fastening in the form of special crabs, clamps and other elements. Such methods of securing a structure are simple and do not require special skills, like welding. You just need to follow the assembly instructions.

Options for fasteners for connecting pipes

Profile pipes are used for assembling frame structures. Pipe profiles with square, rectangular and shaped sections are not used when laying pipelines due to the fact that strong internal resistance arises in them.

To connect profile pipes without welding, various crab connectors, couplings, flanges and clamps are used. Such fastenings can be divided into two categories:

floating, which include ties and clips;
rigid ones are connecting crabs, flanges, fittings, brackets.

Crabs for installing pipe rolling are a system of clamps and can have a planar and volumetric connection. The first type of fastener for a profile pipe comes in three types:

T-shaped, allowing you to connect three pipes of small diameters. Thanks to this, the installation of the structure is carried out according to a simple and understandable scheme.
L-shaped, used for corner connection of two pipes.
X-shaped, providing reliable fixation of three and four pipes in a cross-shaped manner in the middle of the metal structure.

Volumetric connection is ensured thanks to three- and four-part crab systems, when pipes are connected at an angle of 90° in different planes along the X, Y and Z axes.

Fitting fasteners are used to connect rolled pipes when there is a need to create bends and branches. They can mainly be found in the assembly of water supply networks, but their varieties have also found application in the installation of various metal structures and buildings made from pipe profiles. They come in several types:

Couplings and flanges. They are used to ensure reliable joining of rolled pipes in a straight line. There are round and square sections.
Turns and knees. Necessary to ensure the connection of pipes with different directional axes.
Tees and crosses. Used on branches of the structure. This type of fitting allows you to connect profiles with different section sizes.

Features and characteristics

Crabs are staples with a fastening system. They are made of galvanized sheet metal, the thickness of which must be at least 1.5 mm. They mainly found their application in the installation of rolled pipes with a cross-section of 20x20, 20x30, 40x40 and 20x40 mm.

Fastening is carried out using clamping force. The bolts are tightened on the crab itself, and not on the pipes being connected. Because of this, this design has low tensile strength, that is, the fixed pipe, with some effort, can be removed from the connecting element.

An outdoor metal structure constructed using fastening crabs is continuously exposed to adverse conditions (wind, precipitation, temperature changes, frost). Gradually this will lead to loosening and loss of stability of the structure. Therefore, fasteners must be periodically checked, tightened and, if necessary, repaired.

Precipitation will definitely accumulate at the fastening joints, which can cause rust over time. Therefore, it is important that the entire structure has an anti-corrosion coating. Its integrity must also be periodically checked and, if damaged, corrected.

This type of fastener allows you to create a frame structure that can be assembled and disassembled when necessary.

The choice of necessary connecting elements depends on the type and function of the structure:

The crab system is used in the construction of structures from pipe profiles with a small cross-section - gazebos, partitions, pergolas, arches, greenhouses and other garden and park buildings that are easy to assemble and disassemble.
Flange fasteners are used for buildings that are subject to periodic disassembly and reassembly during operation.
Coupling fastening is most often used when installing pressure-type pipelines, since it can withstand high pressure and ensure its tightness.
Simple fittings are widely used in the assembly of pipelines with branches and turns. This type of fastening may require additional welding reinforcement.

There are several criteria that should be followed when choosing connecting elements for profiled pipes:

First of all, you need to decide what fasteners you will need and in what quantities.
When choosing steel crabs, you need to pay attention to the thickness of its profile. It must be at least 1.5 mm. Crabs with a smaller thickness are not able to provide the required strength and rigidity.
Parts must be inspected for visible damage - cracks, chips, dents, and rust. These are all defective products.

The best manufacturers

Crab systems are not complex designs, and each region has both small and large companies producing steel structures and fastenings, making them all competitive. When choosing a product, it is important to adhere to the above recommendations.

You can also offer several criteria by which you can choose a manufacturer:

anti-corrosion coating of products;
purchasing products through the manufacturer rather than through intermediaries, this will save money;
production time of products, whether the product is in stock;
guarantee;
payment and delivery methods.

Connection methods

You can connect pipes using crabs, couplings, bolts, clamps for square pipes and other connecting elements, including those made by yourself.

Two profile pipes can be connected at an angle of 90° using a steel angle.

To join pipes with the same cross-section, you can make a connecting element with your own hands. For this you will need a welding machine.

It is necessary to take a piece of pipe with a cross-section larger than the cross-section of the elements being connected so that they can be inserted into it. The connecting element is cut into two parts, and a bevel is made at one end of each of them at an angle of 45°.

After this, a 90° corner is welded from the two halves of the pipe folded with beveled sides. At the edges of the resulting element, holes are made no larger than half the thickness of the profile wall, and nuts with a diameter corresponding to these holes are attached.

The same holes are also made at the ends of the connected pipes.

Connecting profile pipes using fasteners can be a good alternative to hot welding for light buildings. In other cases, it is better to use welded square pipes.

THIS IS INTERESTING: What costs more: gold or platinum

Source: https://electrod.biz/informatsionnyie-stati/krepezh-dlya-profilnoj-truby.html

How to cut an aluminum profile

Methods for cutting aluminum profiles
Hacksaw for metal
Metal scissors
Electric jigsaw
Angle grinder
Plasma and laser machines
Milling unit
Saws
A circular saw
Circular Saw
Miter (pendulum) saw

It is easy to cut thin aluminum sheet, because almost any tool will do the job. But what to do, for example, with an oversized corner or an inconvenient channel? More details about hand tools and equipment used for cutting aluminum profiles are described in this material. The work is complicated by a number of factors, but it is still possible to evenly divide the workpiece.

Conventionally, all methods are divided into two groups:

cutting with compact manual or electric equipment;
cutting with special devices (portable or stationary).

It is not always possible to use electrical equipment like miter saws, so you have to be content with the simplest tools. The first of them is hacksaws for metal. They can cut sheet material, as well as profiles of small thickness.

Cutting starts from the edge, continues on the back and ends on the sides.

Advantages:

the hacksaw weighs little, so your hands don’t get tired;
ease of operation;
cheapness of the tool;
Works as efficiently as a jigsaw.

Flaws:

takes a lot of time;
possible profile deformation;
the need to hold the profile, which does not guarantee accuracy of work.

An even simpler tool that is easier to work with. The principle of operation is elementary - the profile is marked and then cut along the line.

Advantages:

cutting occurs faster than with a hacksaw;
cheap scissors;
A good result is possible if you have high-quality tools and experience.

Flaws:

when crossing the profile ribs, it is possible to leave the marking line, damage the workpiece or bend it;
you will have to practice and ruin several “rough” blanks before you can work perfectly accurately.

Electric jigsaw

Before work, it is important to make sure that the tool is equipped with a file specifically for metal. Of course, a wood blade will also cut aluminum, but the quality of the cut will leave much to be desired. The cutting of the profile begins from the back part, then the side edges are sawed in turn.

Advantages:

electrical equipment makes the user's work easier;
quality close to ideal (the product will not have burrs, bevels, or other defects);
speed of work;
reusability (with the right choice of file);
A jigsaw is cheaper than similar devices for cutting aluminum profiles.

Flaws:

the workpiece must be securely fixed so that it does not “lead” when using the jigsaw.

Angle grinder

The grinder is a universal assistant that works great on aluminum.

It is only important not to confuse a cutting wheel with a grinding wheel, choose thin equipment to minimize material loss and protect your hands and face from sparks.

Advantages:

speed of work;
decent cutting quality;
relative cheapness of equipment;
minimum user movements;
durability of the equipment, which allows you to repeatedly saw metal profiles.

Flaws:

possibility of metal burning in the cut area;
without working skills, it is unlikely that you will be able to cut smoothly;
To increase the accuracy of the work, the grinder should be clamped into a stand, which is not supplied with the tool and is rarely found in stores (the problem is solved if you have a vice).

Plasma and laser machines

The best method in terms of quality and speed, but not suitable for home use. Plasma cutters and laser machines are considered professional equipment and are found in metallurgical enterprises. If there is an installation nearby and cutting an aluminum profile on it is possible, it’s worth taking advantage of.

Advantages:

cutting the profile takes a couple of minutes;
the user only configures the equipment, the rest is done by the machine;
the quality of the cut is the best of all methods.

Flaws:

the cost of equipment amounts to millions of rubles;
inability to use at home or in the garage;
noise during operation.

Milling unit

It is important that this equipment is configured by the operator specifically for working on aluminum. This is due to the softness and ductility of the metal.

It is also important to select low rpms of the router (from 5000 to 9000 per minute) and first drop kerosene onto the cut area. The feed is smooth and careful so as not to damage the cutter. The advantages and disadvantages are similar to a plasma cutter and a laser, but the quality of part processing is slightly worse.

A circular saw

Similar to a hand saw, but more powerful. Has the following capabilities:

performs longitudinal, transverse, oblique cuts;
can cut from any place on the workpiece (not just from the end);
modern devices prevent overheating by turning off in a timely manner or sending a signal to the operator;
The user can select the operating speed based on the thickness of the workpiece.

Advantages:

durability of the equipment - a disk for working on metal (preferably on aluminum);
speed of work;
maneuverability;
the ability to cut at an angle of up to 45 degrees;
cost comparable to more suitable analogues (miter saws for aluminum).

Flaws:

as a rule, the equipment is bulky and weighs a lot, which complicates the work;
the price will seem high if the tool is purchased for one-time work;
the cost varies depending on the permissible thickness of the profile being cut (for example, the Evo 180 manual circular saw cuts profiles up to 56 mm at an angle of 90 degrees and up to 35 mm at 45 degrees; it costs almost 25 thousand rubles).

Circular Saw

As an example, we consider the Yilmaz KY 305 table saw machine. This is a special device for cutting small-section metal profiles with small wall thickness. A mechanical clamp fixes the workpiece, the cutting angle is set to 45 degrees (in any direction), it is possible to select a fixed angle (0, 15 degrees, 30 degrees, etc.).

Advantages:

allows you to cut larger workpieces (up to 130x65 mm);
compactness;
possibility of angular cutting;
high speed and accuracy of work;
accessibility of equipment (saw blade 300 mm).

Flaws:

high cost (an average installation costs 40-50 thousand rubles);
is not compact and light.

Miter (pendulum) saw

Structurally, it resembles those previously described, only the working body is not a solid metal one, but an abrasive disc, as for an angle grinder. It is considered the best solution for cutting aluminum profiles at home for the following reasons:

cut straight, lengthwise and at an angle;
when working, the user only needs to lower the slide (pendulum) onto the workpiece, and without much effort;
reliable fixation of the workpiece in the clamps;
ability to work with long aluminum profiles;
There are models in the same price range as disk ones, but more functional.

To confirm the last statement, the Makita LF 1000 miter saw was examined. Its characteristics:

maximum cutting depth - 68 (at 90 degrees) and 50 mm (at 45 degrees);

cutting width - up to 210 mm;
wide desktop;
up to 2700 rpm;
power - 1650 W;
weight - 32 kg.

Such trimming will cost the user 60 thousand rubles, but subject to constant work. Otherwise, the investment will not pay off.

In conclusion, a few tips:

If cutting aluminum profiles is carried out irregularly, a hand tool - a hacksaw, grinder and even scissors - is sufficient.
For constant work, it makes sense to purchase a portable saw, preferably a miter saw, since it is multifunctional. The investment will pay off in 2-3 months.
To operate an enterprise engaged in the serial production of metal profiles, plasma cutters or laser systems will be required.

Source: https://the-master.ru/profili/chem-pilit-aljuminievyj-profil

Aluminum profile for glass: types of structures and methods of do-it-yourself fastening

Window openings and doors leading to the balcony require the installation of a high-quality and reliable load-bearing element for glass. It is necessary to maintain the integrity of the glazing and prevent heat loss during the cold period. An aluminum glass profile can ensure complete immobility and strength of double-glazed windows.

Kinds

The specificity of aluminum glazing is such that it is most often used to create internal partitions and cut off various sections of the room. To insert glass, a groove of appropriate width is required (usually 4 mm).

Aluminum profiles for glass have several varieties:

P-profile. It is used as a frame profile that has an aluminum groove for glass and covers the glazing area around the perimeter.
H-profile. It is used in areas where two glasses are connected within a common frame.
F-profile. Designed to design the transverse connection of other planes to the glazed area.

More complex types are used for the manufacture of windows or internal glazing. Let us characterize each of them.

Warm

It has several chambers in cross-section, usually from 3 to 7, providing heat conservation. In addition, the groove under the glass is designed for the installation of double-glazed windows, which prevents freezing during the cold season.

In the cross-section there are thermal breaks filled with heat-insulating material, which cut off the outer cold layer of aluminum from the inner, warm one.

This prevents heat loss and allows the use of aluminum profile structures for installing windows in residential, office or other premises.

Cold

Provides for installation of glass in one layer. It is not used for use in window frames, but is used only as a dividing transparent partition indoors. Suitable for glazing balconies, terraces, verandas. The thin aluminum profile used in this case is not able to retain heat; in the autumn, traces of moisture are visible on it, and in winter it freezes. These qualities make it extremely undesirable to install it at the interface between low and room temperatures.

Important! Despite the wide variety of types, frame glazing is most often used, allowing you to create glazing yourself.

Production

The production process, how and from what the aluminum profile is made, is also important. How is it possible to create air chambers inside it, and give it a smooth and neat appearance on the outside? Upon careful examination of the profile section, you can see that it is a complex material.

Products are produced on specialized lines. Massive aluminum rounds are used as blanks, which are cut along the length into pieces of a certain size and fed into a gas furnace, where they are heated to the plasticity temperature.

Please note that they do not melt, but rather heat up, becoming quite soft. Then the blanks are fed into extruders, which pull them through molding holes - dies. At the output, a finished frame profile of one type or another appears, depending on the specialization of the line.

The production of warm profiles looks somewhat more complicated:

first, the component parts are manufactured separately;
then the components are connected through a heat insulator cut-off;
connection and installation of fittings is carried out.

The finished products fully comply with the required parameters and have grooves for glass. The manufacturing process is approximately similar to the production of plastic frames.

Advantages and disadvantages

Aluminum profile structures are most often used to create entrance lobbies, glass showcases, partitions and other structures. For residential premises they are used less frequently, since cold glazing is not suitable in this case, and warm glazing will be more expensive.

The disadvantages of this material include:

high thermal conductivity, which does not allow keeping warm or cool: in hot weather the frames become very hot, so that the inside of the rooms becomes stuffy, and in winter, on the contrary, they become very cold, becoming places where condensation forms and accumulates;
poor protection of premises from sounds of the outside world or structural noise;
prone to electrochemical corrosion.

There are also undeniable advantages:

the ability to pass air to some extent, providing ventilation of interior spaces;
fire safety, does not ignite under the influence of open flame;
ability to experience heavy loads without deformation or destruction;
The service life of the products is up to 80 years if the operating rules are followed;
allows you to apply any decorative coating to the surface.

Thin aluminum profiles are usually used to create external decorative glazing, partitions or protective screens on balconies or terraces.

The material is quite widely in demand, since, with limited possibilities, it allows you to design entrance groups for public or commercial buildings.

The warm profile is used less frequently, since for residential premises it is expensive and inferior to plastic in terms of operational parameters. Main areas of use: executive office premises, large shopping centers, airports.

Installation features

Installation is carried out at special enterprises equipped with the necessary equipment. Assembly of frames requires high-quality connection of parts, precise cutting of corner joints at 45°.

However, if you have some skill, you can assemble such frames with your own hands. The connection is made using corner fasteners and self-tapping screws using a special sealant.

Prices for sealants

Installation of finished windows is carried out using conventional technology, similar to the installation of plastic windows . First, the box is installed and carefully aligned along the axes, vertically and horizontally. Temporarily secured to wedges.

The frames are hung, the accuracy and tightness of their fit, and the functionality of the fittings are checked. Fixing is carried out on anchor bolts and filling the gaps with foam.

Then slopes, rainwater barriers and other additional elements are installed.

Designs created and installed by yourself allow you to save money. However, without special devices and skills, it is quite difficult to achieve the required quality of assembly and installation. For example, it is possible to accurately drill holes in an aluminum profile only if you use a template that allows you to maintain the desired angle of inclination relative to the drill axis.

Glass installation process

Installation of glass in window frames is carried out during assembly work. In addition, glass sometimes breaks during operation and requires urgent replacement. Tips on how to insert glass will be useful for those who want to assemble frames with their own hands. .

The procedure is quite simple:

glass or double glazing is installed in the groove,
then it is sealed using rubber gaskets;
A special sealing bead is installed to secure the glass assembly and seal the joint.

If replacement is necessary, you must carry out all the operations in reverse order and then install a new glass.

There are different types of frames that hold glass in an aluminum profile using a special technology.

Important! Before doing the work yourself, you need to carefully examine the frame structure and determine the correct way to remove the glass.

Fastening

The aluminum profile is fastened using special fittings . There is a fairly wide list of parts and elements that allow you to fasten and connect frame assemblies, hinges, latches and other areas.

Each type of product requires its own version of connecting fittings, its own set of elements.

In this case, universal elements can be used or an alternative option is a connection with self-tapping screws, available for self-assembly or if the necessary elements are not at hand.

THIS IS INTERESTING: What types of ferrous metals are there?

Important!

Source: https://stroim.guru/okna/alyuminievyj-profil-dlya-stekla.html

Connecting metal profiles to each other

All plasterboard structures are built from four main types of profiles: rack and guide profiles for plasterboard partitions and guides and ceiling profiles for plasterboard ceilings.

Profiles are connected in two ways:

Using a special tool called a cutter;
Using metal-to-metal screws. Self-tapping screws are marked as LN, these are piercing screws and LB drilling screws.

How to connect and fasten drywall profiles to each other: distance on the ceiling and walls between materials

You can create a variety of elements and designs from plasterboard sheets. The reliability of all structural elements depends on how tightly the profiles are fastened together. There are several ways to do this job. There are proven and reliable ones that are used in most cases, but sometimes you can use improvised materials.

Let's look at how to connect plasterboard profiles together correctly, and what nuances need to be taken into account when attaching plasterboard to the ceiling and walls . The technologies are simple, and therefore it is easy to connect the profiles with your own hands; the main thing is to prepare all the necessary materials and tools for drywall.

First technology – professional elements

There are many designs on the market that are produced to connect parts when mounting the frame on the wall.

Connectors can have different types and configurations, but there are the most popular ones, which we will consider; for convenience, we will do this in the form of a table:

Extension Cords	They are used for a 60x27 profile - this is a special insert that can connect elements with millimeter precision. Subsequently, they are screwed in with small self-tapping screws. The elements are made from galvanized steel; there is a special recess in the middle that helps the ends of the profile fit snugly against each other.
“Crab” – single-level connector	Used to connect profile elements at the same level. The design of the crab is such that profiles can be connected on four sides - this is very convenient when installing crossbars. At the same time, installation is easy, quick and reliable. The products are made of hardened galvanized steel and bear a considerable load. Used to connect elements at the same level. The design of the crab is such that profiles can be connected on four sides. This is very convenient when installing crossbars. At the same time, installation is easy, quick and reliable. The products are made of hardened galvanized steel and bear a considerable load.
Two-level connector	This element is used if you need to secure profiles located one above the other. Using this element, assembling a two-level structure will not be difficult, and it will be very reliable. It is mainly used by professional developers, private owners rarely use it, but it is a convenient element with a lot of advantages
Side connector	An unfamiliar element that is practically not used, but connecting parts with its use is very simple. It is designed to connect two perpendicular elements.

Important! To accurately calculate the connectors, you need to draw up a detailed design drawing with each detail drawn. The picture will show you how many connecting elements you will need.

How to connect profiles for mounting on walls and ceilings

Let's consider the process of connecting profile components using the products described above.

We need:

self-tapping screws - “bugs” with a sharp end, 9-11 mm long, 25 pieces per 1m2;
take a screwdriver with an attachment for quickly tightening screws. The hardware has a tenon head, so it’s worth buying several bits of different lengths;
the metal profiles that need to be connected will have to be cut, so you will need to prepare iron scissors;
In addition, you will need a tape measure.

The video shows the process of connecting and extending two profiles.

How to install extension cords

Each fastening option has its own installation instructions. In order to understand how to correctly connect the elements, let’s consider each option separately:

To properly extend profiles with geometric accuracy, you need to use extensions. If there are several options on sale, then you should choose an element with a recess in the middle and made of hard metal, they will help connect the elements with particular precision.
Take measurements of the length of the elements that need to be connected. Cut the profile with iron scissors. It is worth noting that the elements should be 1 cm shorter than the original size, this will make it easier to connect the structure.
Insert the element into the end of one of the profiles, then insert the second one. We make the connection rigid; if the connection elements dangle at the coupling point, then the strength indicator will be low. The connection is fixed with small “seed” self-tapping screws, two fasteners on each side, then the reliability of the connection will be ensured.

Mounting crabs

We figured out how to lengthen the profile, now it’s worth figuring out how to attach a cross member to a gypsum plasterboard structure using a crab. You need to do it yourself like this:

We will measure the length of each profile element for the accuracy of the connected structure. It is worth saying that during installation the jumpers should be half a centimeter less than the original length. This is necessary so that the jumpers do not become deformed during operation;
install the connector from the back. The element should be adjusted to the profile and should fit tightly to it. Place the jumper into the connector and snap it into place;
the gap between the profile and the cross member in the crab should be minimal;
the protrusions with holes present on each connector should be bent to the profile element and screwed with self-tapping screws;
On the other side, fastening is carried out in the same way. If the second side is not needed, then it can be left untouched or cut off with iron scissors.

If you doubt that you will be able to correctly connect the profiles using a crab, try doing it on two small elements; once you understand the principle, the work will go much faster.

Arrangement of two-level connectors

These connectors are designed to form two profiles located one above the other in a complex structure.

The connector is an element with protrusions at the bottom that snaps into grooves located on the sides.

This element holds very firmly and no other fastenings are required. In the upper part there are the same clamps that are inserted into the grooves of the upper profile.

Installation process:

insert the connector into the first profile and snap tightly;
insert the second so that the sides of the connector fit tightly into the bends of the element; no other fastening is required;
If there is doubt about the reliability of the design, then the connector can be screwed with metal screws to the profile structure.

The connector is rarely used by private developers, but it is very convenient to use, and installing complex structures with this element is much faster.

Installing Side Connectors

This element is used when you need to attach a jumper to one side of the profile. This connector is good to use when assembling a complex multi-level structure.

How to mount an element:

measurements are taken where the jumper will be 5 mm less than the original number;
to connect the profile with this element, you need to put in a lot of effort;
the second profile is installed on the side of the element and fixed with fasteners;
screw in 4 self-tapping screws for strength.

If the repair budget is limited, then you can connect the profiles using self-tapping screws without using connectors. This type of fastening is no less reliable, you just need to spend a little more time and effort on it.

Source: https://whitestrip.ru/soedinenie-p-p492/

How to connect polycarbonate to each other with a connecting profile?

At the moment, polycarbonate has become a truly universal building material. Cellular polycarbonate is widely used in agricultural construction, for the construction of large public buildings, as well as for the construction of private houses, where it is used in roofing work to create load-bearing decorative structures. In this article we will talk about how to connect polycarbonate and its main advantages.

Advantages of polycarbonate

Firstly, polycarbonate is transparent, so it can replace glass. It is much lighter than glass, and its strength is 50 times higher, which is why its installation will stop much easier.

Polycarbonate is practically not afraid of all kinds of chemicals, which increases its durability and maintains a presentable appearance for a long time.

One of the important properties of cellular polycarbonate is that it can be used as an excellent protective agent against ultraviolet radiation. The resistance of this material to high temperatures is so great that it can be used in regions with any climate.

And thanks to the special structure and shape of the sheets, polycarbonate becomes an excellent heat and sound insulating, as well as moisture-proof material.

How to connect sheets together using profile joining

As a rule, sheets of this material are produced with dimensions of 2100 × 12000 mm, and their thickness ranges from 4 to 32 mm. Polycarbonate sheets are quite easy to cut; all you need is a hacksaw or a circular saw.

The joining of polycarbonate sheets has its own nuances, and is carried out either using a profile connection or using special adhesives.

What tools and materials are needed?

As already mentioned, a circular saw, hacksaw or metal saw is suitable for cutting sheets into pieces of the required size. Further joining of polycarbonate can be done with factory-made profile fasteners. The number of such fasteners will depend on the surface area of the polycarbonate being laid. Do not forget about skates, corners, bends and other structural elements.

No special professional tools are required to work with polycarbonate. It is enough to use a regular drill, hammer, screwdriver or screwdriver. Please note that in order to avoid damage to the material when connecting polycarbonate sheets to each other, it is advisable to perform the work on a large flat surface. The use of split-type profiles involves the use of a flat wooden plank.

Linear profiles of detachable and one-piece type

The joining of polycarbonate sheets is carried out using linear profiles, which are divided into detachable and one-piece. When working with a one-piece type profile, polycarbonate is inserted into the grooves, after which the fastening system and panels are through-fastened with self-tapping screws. It is advisable to use self-tapping screws equipped with special gaskets or thermal and moisture-proof washers.

The process of connecting polycarbonate sheets together using split-type profiles is more complex. Before joining the polycarbonate on the canopy, the base of the profile joint is secured to flat wooden planks using screws.

After this, the prepared polycarbonate panels are placed in special recesses, and then both halves of the profile are fastened together. A polycarbonate lock is used for these purposes. After all the manipulations, the bases of the profile fastening can be unscrewed from the strip, since the connection is complete.

To give a polycarbonate canopy a finished look, a special external profile is used. It allows you to decorate the edges of the material, as well as combine the panels into one continuous surface.

Special and angular profile fasteners for joining

Since it is sometimes necessary to connect polycarbonate together on surfaces with complex terrain, profile corner fastenings are produced in the industry. Their installation method is practically no different from the linear type of products. As a rule, corner profiles of one-piece type are used in the work. They allow you to decorate areas of the structure in which the joining of polycarbonate panels should be carried out at an angle.

Often home craftsmen wonder how to properly join polycarbonate in places such as the ridge girder, which serves to connect two or more slopes on the roof of a building. To equip such areas, a special corner profile is used, which is also called a “ridge”. This type of fastening is used primarily for equipping open or enclosed terraces in private or country houses, as well as for equipping greenhouses or greenhouses.

Please note that polycarbonate panels undergo thermal expansion when exposed to temperature. Therefore, before joining the polycarbonate sheets, they need to be laid with a small gap between the profile and the panel, approximately 2-5 mm, to avoid deformation of the material.

How to join polycarbonate on a canopy using the gluing method

The undoubted advantage of profile fasteners for polycarbonate is their reliability, durability, and ease of installation. However, such connections on the roof surface are simply impossible to miss. In some situations, it is necessary to join the material in such a way that there are no visible connections.

For such purposes, a special composition is used that allows polycarbonate panels to be glued together. You need to know how to glue polycarbonate together so that the connection is reliable. As a rule, such glue can be bought in the same place as the base material.

In order to obtain a particularly strong connection, polycarbonate can be glued with a silicone-based composition.

Please note that you can obtain a reliable connection of polycarbonate sheets by gluing using solvents based on methylene chloride, ethyl chloride or mixtures thereof. The use of such compositions for gluing polycarbonate allows you to give the structure a beautiful appearance. In addition, no moisture from the outside will simply be able to seep into such seams, since the connection is very tight.

In conclusion, it is worth noting that the positive characteristics of polycarbonate, including resistance to mechanical and chemical stress, low weight and ease of installation, strength, as well as protection from ultraviolet radiation, make it very popular in the building materials market. A high-quality and reliable connection of the panels will allow you to use polycarbonate for a long time.

How to connect polycarbonate sheets together

Greenhouses and hotbeds are quite common in suburban areas. Less common are greenhouses and winter gardens - the latter are generally considered to be objects of extraordinary luxury. Even less common in mid-latitudes are buildings with a partially glazed roof.

THIS IS INTERESTING: How to weld with aluminum electrodes

For the most part, the low prevalence of such structures is associated with the material used - silicate glass. It is quite heavy, fragile - unless special classes are meant, and special equipment must be used to give it curved shapes. As a result, the cost of the material turns out to be quite hefty. Using polycarbonate allows you to easily solve the problem.

Material characteristics

Polycarbonate is a polymer based on ester compounds of carbonic acid. Using various methods, raw materials can be used to make building panels, various containers, medical equipment, ceilings and lenses for microscopes. The material is used very widely.

For the consumer, the following properties are of greatest importance:

strength – much superior to both silicate and acrylic glass;
light transmittance – quite comparable to that of glass – 75–86%;

Fastening accessories

fire safety - unlike its acrylic “brother”, polycarbonate is a non-flammable substance;
thermal insulation is much superior to glass, especially when it comes to cellular panels. In greenhouses and greenhouses, the use of polycarbonate can reduce heating costs by up to 30%;
lightness - low density ensures low weight of the product with high strength. Installation of structures, as well as joining of slabs, is a job that can be done independently;
flexibility - it is quite easy to give the panels a curved shape directly at the installation site.

Polycarbonate panels

For construction work, two types of products are produced: monolithic panel and honeycomb.

Monolithic is a solid slab without voids. Its strength is sufficient to be used for the construction of self-supporting structures. Polycarbonate glazing is carried out at the largest industrial and public facilities, for example, at indoor stadiums. At the same time, the weight of the panel is small, which allows it to be successfully used in private construction.

Cellular - gets its name due to its structure - cavities formed when two or more sheets are connected with stiffening ribs. For greenhouses and greenhouses, as a rule, it is the cellular sheet that is used, since it has higher thermal insulation properties: the air in the cavities is a good thermal insulator and enhances this quality in the finished product.

Honeycomb slabs are very diverse. Not only the thickness of the product differs, but also the structure: the panel can consist of two, four, five layers. Honeycombs can have different shapes - hexagonal, trapezoidal, rectangular. The material is selected depending on the purpose. So, for example, for winter greenhouses it is preferable to choose products with a thickness of more than 8 mm, and for the design of small advertising boards, 4 mm is sufficient. The photo shows a polycarbonate greenhouse.

Read more: Metal tiles: how to properly cover a roof, video

Methods for connecting sheets together

Installation of slabs is carried out using a variety of methods depending on the frame material and the purpose of the premises. If there is a need to connect the panels to each other, and not just attach them to the beams, then fastening with a detachable and one-piece profile is used.

Detachable - aluminum or plastic, consists of two parts. Installation is done in this way.

The lower part of the profile is fixed to the frame beams. If the frame is metal, you should use thermal washers; if it is wooden, you can use ordinary self-tapping screws. The step is 30–50 cm.
The panels are positioned so that their edges are within the boundaries of the base. In this case, a gap of 3–5 mm should be maintained between the edge of the slab and the base of the profile. As a rule, the aluminum profile is equipped with rubber gaskets, which makes it easier to fasten.
The upper part is placed on the base and snapped along the length.

One-piece profile - forms a single structure. Connecting the sheets together using a one-piece profile is even easier. However, in this case there are no rubber gaskets, so the degree of fastening can only be adjusted manually.

The material is cut according to the required dimensions - the joining point should be located on the frame beam.
The one-piece profile is fixed to the sheathing with self-tapping screws with a thermal washer, regardless of the frame material.
Polycarbonate is inserted into the profile. If necessary, the grooves can be additionally lubricated with sealant.

Source: https://iv-proect.ru/krysha/kak-soedinit-polikarbonat-mezhdu-soboj-soedinitelnym-profilem.html

How to properly connect aluminum wires to each other? — Website about

Connection of aluminum wires

How to connect two aluminum wires to each other? It would seem like a rather banal question, but even here the first answer that comes to mind is not always correct. After all, twisting of wires is prohibited according to the PUE standards, and any wires can be connected only by crimping, soldering, welding and using screw clamps. And we’ll talk about how to do it correctly in our article.

Properties of aluminum wires

But we propose to start our conversation with a quick analysis of the properties of aluminum wire. This will allow you to identify problem areas and understand possible problems during its installation.

Comparison of copper and aluminum wire

Let's start with the advantages of aluminum wire. The main one is the price, which is an order of magnitude lower than that of its main competitor - copper.
Another advantage of this material is its lightness. This has led to its widespread use in power lines, where weight is very important.
Well, the last advantage is its resistance to corrosion. Aluminum is almost instantly coated with a persistent oxide film, which prevents further oxidation. At the same time, this film also has negative aspects - it is a very poor conductor of electric current.

Areas of application of copper and aluminum wires

Then there were only continuous shortcomings. And the first of them is the low electrical conductivity of aluminum. For this material it is 38×106 S/m. For comparison, for copper this parameter is 59.5 × 106 S/m. This results in the fact that, for example, a copper wire with a cross-section of 1 mm2 is capable of passing a current almost 2 times greater than a similar aluminum wire.

Resistance of some substances

The next significant disadvantage is that aluminum wires have very low flexibility. In this regard, they cannot be used in places where the wiring is subject to repeated bending or other mechanical stress during operation.
Well, and finally, the instructions say that aluminum has such a bad property as fluidity. As a result of thermal and mechanical influences, it can lose its shape, which has an extremely negative effect on contact connections.

Note! According to the PUE standards, since 2001 it has been prohibited to use aluminum wire for installing electrical wiring in residential premises. This ban significantly reduced the use of aluminum electrical wiring in everyday life.

Methods for connecting aluminum wires

As we said above, aluminum wires can be connected in four main ways - screw or bolt clamps, pressing, welding and soldering. Let's look at the features of each of these types of connections.

Connecting aluminum wires using the compression method

Let's start with the most common connection method - compression. It can be of several types - bolted, screw or using a pressure spring, which is used in Wago terminals.

The screw terminal may damage the aluminum wire	Connecting aluminum wires to each other using this type of connection has one drawback. If you use conventional screw terminals, then using a screw you can completely or partially press down the soft aluminum core. This will either reduce or completely destroy contact.
Brass lugs for aluminum wires	To exclude this option, the connection should be made through special contact nozzles made of brass. Brass has less elasticity and is more difficult to bend. Therefore, such attachments provide reliable contact and eliminate the possibility of damage to the wire.
Aluminum lugs for bolting wires and cables	For bolted connections of aluminum wire, special lugs should also be used. They are attached to a wire or cable using the crimping method and then these lugs are connected using a bolted method.
Wago terminals for connecting aluminum wires	As for Wago terminals, everything is much simpler here. This type of connection cannot damage the wire, so such terminal blocks can be used without additional attachments. This somewhat compensates for their higher price.

Connecting aluminum wires using the pressing method

Recently, connecting aluminum wires with a sleeve has become increasingly popular. This is partly due to the widespread use of crimpers or, as they are also called, crimping pliers. This tool allows you to crimp wires of different sections, ensuring fairly reliable contact.

Crimpers for crimping wires

Sleeves for connecting aluminum wires

The connection of wires by crimping is carried out using special sleeves. These sleeves are available in different diameters and materials. To connect aluminum wires, either aluminum or brass sleeves should be used. Copper should not be used under any circumstances, since the connection of these two materials can lead to the formation of galvanic isolation and ultimately the complete destruction of the aluminum conductor.

Note! The cross-section of the sleeve for connecting wires must correspond to the cross-section of the wire.

If you use a sleeve with a smaller cross-section, then to insert the wire into the sleeve you will have to reduce its cross-section, which will negatively affect the contact.

If you use a sleeve with a larger cross-section than the wire, then the area of the contact connection will be much smaller, which again will lead to overheating of the contact.

Sleeves for connecting wires of different sections

To connect wires of different sections, there are sleeves with different diameters of the inlet holes. They can also be used to connect more than two wires in one sleeve.
Sleeves for connecting aluminum wires have a strictly required length. Believe me, the manufacturer did not make a reserve in the sleeve, so cutting the sleeve in half in order to save money is a very bad option. After all, when connecting two wires, crimping should be done twice with opposite crimps. If you cut the sleeve in half, you won't be able to do this, and the contact will be poor quality.

Another frequently asked question relates to connections between stranded aluminum wire and solid wire. It is possible to make such a connection using crimping, and it will be of sufficient quality. The main thing is to choose a sleeve with the appropriate inlet diameters. Indeed, in most cases these are wires of different sections.

Connecting aluminum wires welding method

The best quality of connection is ensured by welding. Due to the fact that in this case the wire forms a single whole, problems with transition resistances, the possibility of reducing the pressure force, and much more are practically eliminated. But there are also a lot of problems here.

Welding aluminum wires

The fact is that, as we said above, an oxide film forms on the surface of aluminum. It has completely different heat and electrical conductivity than aluminum itself. In this regard, welding aluminum wires is difficult.
Since the melting temperatures of oxide and aluminum differ, attempts to simply weld wires with a carbon electrode will not be very successful. Oxides will remain on the molten drops of aluminum, and the compound itself will not be homogeneous, as in the video.

The photo shows the process of welding aluminum wires

To eliminate this problem, you can remove oxides from the surface mechanically, but this is labor-intensive and not always effective, since the formation of a new film occurs almost instantly.
Based on this, in most cases, various fluxes are used for welding, which can destroy the oxide film. This material should destroy the oxide film and practically not react to pure metal; in addition, it should not produce harmful compounds during welding. Selecting such material is quite difficult and often you have to make a compromise.

Wire welding technology

But even with the use of fluxes, it is quite difficult to make a welded connection of wires with your own hands without proper preparation. This is due to the fact that it is extremely important to select the proper welding voltage (usually no more than 20V) and exposure time to the conductor (usually 1-2 seconds).

Note! In addition to electric welding of aluminum wires, gas welding is also quite common. It has its own characteristics regarding both the materials used and the welding temperature.

Connecting aluminum conductors by soldering

The last option that can be used to connect sockets with aluminum wires is soldering. This method is quite labor-intensive and can hardly be called fast.

Therefore, it is used extremely rarely for power plants, and in low-voltage networks, aluminum wires are used quite rarely due to their rigidity. Nevertheless, let's consider this option.

Soldering aluminum wires

The main problem here, as in the case of welding, is the oxide film. In addition, there is such a problem as the lack of visual control over the temperature of the wire. Indeed, with prolonged exposure to high temperatures, aluminum can change its physicochemical properties.
Based on this, the process of soldering aluminum becomes quite complex. First of all, we need to get rid of the oxide on its surface. This can be done using any abrasive materials, but you should not be zealous, since a new film is formed almost instantly. Our task is only to reduce its thickness.

After this, the wires are fixed and solder and flux are touched to the wires. It is better to use TsOP-40 or its analogues as solder.
Flux for soldering aluminum is F - 59A, F - 61, F - 34 or other similar compositions. They destroy the oxide film quite well.

Solder for soldering aluminum

When the solder touches the wires, they should be scraped across them to make it easier for the flux to break down the oxide film. If soldering is performed without using flux, then the intensity of friction of the solder on the wires should be more intense.

Conclusion

Connecting aluminum wire with a sleeve and using terminals are the simplest options. At the same time, the use of crimping does not require additional materials, but requires the presence of a crimper.

Source: https://orensbyt.ru/elektrooborudovanie/kak-pravilno-soedinit-alyuminievye-provoda-mezhdu-soboj.html