How to cook a vertical seam

How to weld a beautiful seam using electric welding

Electric welding involves the application of an electric arc to the metal being processed. It is formed between the product and the used electrode made of conductive material.

Too high a temperature causes the metal to melt, due to which the individual parts are connected. The connection point is usually called a weld.

To change its indicators, the technical parameters of welding are changed, for example, the amplitude and speed of movement. The features of vertical welding should be considered in more detail.

Features of vertical welding

The welding of vertical seams is characterized by a fairly large number of different features. These include the following points:

1. When the alloy is exposed to heat, drops are formed that tend to roll down. This natural process creates quite a lot of difficulties, since the hot drops do not allow for a qualitative effect on the treated area.
2. It is recommended to make vertical welds with a shorter arc, due to which the action of surface tension forces simplifies the transition of the electrode into the weld crater.
3. In order to allow the drop to harden during welding, you need to move the rod to the side. The absence of a heat source causes the metal to quickly crystallize.
4. In the upper zone, as a rule, the metal melts faster. In this case, the crystallization process accelerates in the area of ​​joints and connections.
5. It is important to choose the correct current indicator. As a rule, it is selected from a lower range than for conventional welding work.
6. It is possible to use point technology, which provides relatively low fastening of two elements.

Position of welds in space

Vertical welding is quite difficult for inexperienced craftsmen, but it is carried out extremely often. This is due to the fact that a wide variety of defects are welded with an electrode and responsible and also load-bearing structures are created with it.

When using this welding method, it is important to follow all the rules and recommendations, since otherwise the vertical seam will turn out to be of poor quality

How to weld a vertical seam?

There are quite a few rules that, if followed, can improve the quality of the resulting seam. It is quite difficult to exclude the possibility of dripping of hot metal drops.

The main recommendations include the following points:

1. The electric arc must be extremely short. A long one can cause the alloy to spread out as it flows under the influence of gravity.
2. At the time of arson, the working part is placed exclusively perpendicular to the surface being treated. It is important that it is positioned perpendicular to both surfaces being processed, which ensures high quality processing.
3. When working, it is recommended to tilt the electrode slightly downwards. By maintaining an acute angle, it is possible to retain the hot metal, preventing it from flowing down.
4. In some cases, it is impossible to eliminate the possibility of metal dripping. Then it is recommended to increase the current strength and speed up the movement of the working part. However, when increasing this indicator, you need to be careful, as this leads to an increase in the arc. In addition, it is recommended to increase the width of the seam by moving the tool from side to side.

Vertical welding methods

The above technology is much simpler to implement if we compare the option of conducting the electrode from the bottom up.

Semi-automatic vertical seam

The quality of the weld seam determines how strong the resulting structure will be and what load it will be designed for. In addition, in some cases it is important to maintain an attractive aesthetic appearance. The most problems arise with the creation of a vertical weld, as the metal flows out of the pool. A fairly common question is how to weld a vertical seam. Among the features we note the following points:

1. The material is prepared depending on what kind of work will be carried out. The thickness of the material and the degree of machinability are taken into account.
2. A short arc with an average operating current is selected.
3. The rod with a special coating is located at an angle of 80 degrees relative to the surface being treated.
4. When creating a vertical seam, it is recommended to manipulate the rod across the entire width of the bead being formed.

A high-quality vertical seam can be obtained by welding with the arc separated from the surface.
For novice welders, this method is more suitable, as it is easier to perform. This is due to the fact that at the moment the arc breaks off, the metal can cool down. However, there is a significant drawback - the performance indicator decreases. Among the features of the application of this method associated with the separation of the rod from the surface, we mention the following points:

1. When welding, the tip can be rested on the shelf of the weld crater.
2. The pattern of movement of the working part from side to side, due to which the entire vertical seam is covered. In addition, you can use a loop pattern or a short roller when moving the working part from top to bottom.
3. The set current strength largely determines the shape of the seam and its main parameters. In general, it is recommended to reduce the value by 5 A from the usual value for a particular alloy thickness

It is worth considering that the main parameters of the work being carried out are chosen experimentally in almost all cases. That is why the welder’s skills largely determine the quality of the connection and its reliability.

Creating a seam with an electrode

The seams created by an electric inverter have a fairly broad classification. When determining the main parameters, the type of parts being connected is taken into account. When considering how to properly weld a vertical seam using electric welding, you need to take into account their features. The most common types of connections are:

1. Butt.
2. Tavrovoe.
3. Overlapping.
4. Angular.

Creating a seam with an electrode

It is worth considering that to ensure a stable arc, it is necessary to clean the surface from a wide variety of contaminants.

That is why welding of a vertical seam is carried out with careful preparation of the surface. The technologies used make it possible to obtain a high-quality seam only with the correct choice of electrode thickness. It should be slightly smaller than the width of the seam, since to eliminate the possibility of the alloy running off, it is recommended to move the rod from side to side.

Top down technique

Moving the electrode from top to bottom can only be used to weld when using an electrode that produces a thin layer of slag. Among the features of this process, we note the following points:

1. By using such a rod in the weld pool, the material hardens faster. In this case, the molten material does not flow down.
2. It is recommended to use plastic and cellulose coated electrodes. An example is the LNO-9 and VSC-2 brands.
3. This technology is characterized by high productivity. That is why, if there is a need to increase labor productivity, then the technology in question is chosen.

Read also: Semi-automatic machine for the production of chain-link mesh

Vertical seam from top to bottom

This technique is not suitable for beginner welders, as it is difficult to prevent the alloy from dripping.

Bottom-up technique

This technology is extremely common. It is characterized by the following features:

1. At the beginning of work, the welding machine rod is placed perpendicular to the surface being processed.
2. As soon as the arc has been excited and the first drops have formed, it is recommended to tilt the electrode slightly.
3. A short arc is supported by the end of the rod and the drops are collected a little, and when it is withdrawn briefly, time is given for the molten material to cool and crystallize.
4. Transverse oscillatory movements can be reported. This eliminates the possibility of a long delay of the heat source at one point.

Vertical seam from bottom to top

This technique allows you to get a high-quality seam. However, it is characterized by low productivity, since it is necessary to allow the drops to cool from time to time.

Principles of vertical welding

There are several other common technologies that can be used to produce a seam. Among them we note:

1. Triangle technology is suitable for cases where the metal thickness is no more than 2 mm. It should be carried out only after the edges that will be joined have been blunted. The shape of the resulting bathtub resembles a triangle. For this technology, it is recommended to choose an electrode with a diameter of 3 mm. The current strength should be no more than 100 Amperes.
2. The herringbone is used extremely rarely, as it is suitable for a base with a thickness of 2-3 mm. It involves chaotic and complex movement of the arc.
3. The ladder is used when it is necessary to create the widest possible seam, the edges are minimally blunted. Among the features of this technology, it can be noted that the rod must quickly move from one edge to another with minimal vertical movement. There is no need to hold the tool on the edge for a long time, after which it is quickly transferred to the opposite side. A ladder is used when the thickness of the alloy is 4 mm.

Vertical welding is easier when using a modern welding inverter, which allows you to adjust the main parameters with high accuracy.

Conditions for a high-quality vertical seam

Almost all novice specialists are not familiar with the basic conditions for obtaining a high-quality vertical seam. In addition, it must be characterized by high strength, be made with high quality and have an aesthetic appearance.

There are several main mistakes that are made when carrying out such work:

1. At the time of arson, the rod must be in a perpendicular state. If there is an angle, the arc may be unstable.
2. The shorter the arc length, the faster the material crystallizes. This reduces the risk of leaks. However, many do not follow this recommendation, since a small arc reduces the performance indicator.
3. The rod is tilted to reduce the likelihood of smudges, but maintaining an acute angle is quite difficult.
4. If a leak appears, it is recommended to increase the current and the width of the seam. Due to this, the process of crystallization of the substance can be significantly accelerated.

To obtain a compound with a high quality index, you need to pay attention to the preparatory stage. An example is the removal of dust and dirt, paint and oil residues, and rust. In some cases, spot welding is carried out, due to which the risk of drips is reduced several times.

High-quality vertical seam

In conclusion, we note that the quality of the weld depends on a fairly large number of parameters. An example is the skill of the welder or the characteristics of the materials being joined. Depending on some of the above parameters, the most suitable technology is selected.

Source: https://morflot.su/kak-varit-krasivyj-shov-jelektrosvarkoj/

How to properly weld a vertical weld for beginners - Website about

Electric welding involves the application of an electric arc to the metal being processed. It is formed between the product and the used electrode made of conductive material.

Too high a temperature causes the metal to melt, due to which the individual parts are connected. The connection point is usually called a weld.

To change its indicators, the technical parameters of welding are changed, for example, the amplitude and speed of movement. The features of vertical welding should be considered in more detail.

Welding vertical seams: technology features, equipment, necessary equipment

In the 21st century, there are dozens of types of welding work. They differ in their characteristics and type of equipment.

For each of them you need to use a different seam and conduct it in a certain way. Vertical metalworking (welding vertical seams) is one of the popular types of work. Let's talk about what features it has.

Characteristics of the process

This type of welding is difficult in that during welding all the metal can flow down due to the force of gravity. If this happens, then further work will be impossible.

It's simple: electrode slag remains under the drops, which prevents high-quality cooking.

In order for the vertical seam path to be smooth, it is worth using a short arch. In this case, the voltage should be small. A master with 15 years of experience makes movements from bottom to top, which prevents drips from forming.

The hot drop can create a vertical seam. In this case, the end of the electrode is removed to the side. This helps the material become hard while the spark continues to burn.

Rules for vertical work

To ensure a perfect vertical seam, you need to adhere to the following rules:

• When welding relies on active current, then it is worth starting work from the bottom of the structure. The recess receives the material that creates the bobbin. It will serve as a support, which helps the molten metal not to spread. The connection will be full.
• When you apply an arch, the metal will harden faster. Using small drops will help with this. This is possible if the distance between the structure and the cathode is reduced.

How to make a quality connection

It is not clear to beginners how to make the connection strong. At the same time, it is important that the product looks beautiful in appearance.

When the master adheres to these conditions, then with a 90% probability everything turns out as planned:

• When ignition occurs, the electrode must be placed perpendicularly. The parts must be placed in this position;
• On a short arc, the metal will turn into crystals faster. This will reduce the number of drips that can affect the quality of the connection;
• When a stripe is created, you need to tilt the electrode. This will allow the drops to remain on the part;
• When you notice streaks, you should increase the voltage. The width of the connection also increases. You will delay the moment the crystals appear.

A vertical seam will be easier to create, but its quality will be noticeably reduced.

There are structures that need to be worked only in the upper position. Smooth movements will help you with this. The metal structure will not drain. When you work with thin sheets, follow these rules:

• Clean parts from dust and dirt. If there was old paint on it, remove it;
• The connection is made pointwise. This will help avoid drips.

Methods of working with vertical welding.

The technology depends on the following points:

• Characteristics of the materials from which the structure is made;
• The type of metalworking you work with;
• The amount of experience of the master;
• The level of quality of the installations used.

Connections are obtained using these methods:

• From top to bottom with arch separation;
• From the bottom up with an arched separation;
• From top to bottom without removing the arch;
• From bottom to top with arch removal.

Forming connections using an electrode

Vertical metalworking presents many challenges. This applies to those cases when it is compared with horizontal work. Beginners can weld seams by removing the arch. This will allow the structure to harden in seconds.

During the welding process, the electrode support will be the end of the welding cavity. When creating a seam track, the movements must be done in the same way. This does not depend on whether you tear off the arch or not. It is worth moving from the top of the structure to the bottom.

Choose a short arch if you need to use a vertical connection from top to bottom. Practice so that the work turns out to be of high quality.

The metal will drip, but you can avoid this. Correctly holding the electrode in a perpendicular position will help with this. When the arch is set on fire, you need to tilt the device down.

Do not use an electrode larger than 5 millimeters in diameter. The voltage should be 170A.

Source: https://prosvarku.info/tehnika-svarki/svarka-vertikalnyh-shvov

How to weld a vertical seam with an inverter: how to properly weld a seam using arc welding with electrodes

When studying a welding machine, a beginner may think that now he can easily weld a vertical seam with an inverter. But in practice, everything may seem much sadder: from the inside out, the product turns out to be deformed, and if the current strength is not adjusted correctly, the thin metal will crack.

Don’t get upset ahead of time and quit this useful activity. Our tips will help you learn how to weld a vertical seam using arc welding.

Vertical welding

In cases where it is necessary to fasten two metal workpieces together in different planes, the vertical welding method is used. The method is complex due to its differences from conventional ones, so some technological methods do not work in it. This happens because in such a position difficulties arise due to the parts sliding down under the influence of gravity. Therefore, the welder needs to apply maximum technical skills based on correct knowledge.

This type of work is used in the manufacture of pipes. The vertical is the main way to do this. By practicing on an unnecessary piece of metal, you can quickly gain experience, but first you need to properly prepare informationally.

First, a beginner needs to master the rules of handling a welding machine, which will ensure easy ignition of the arc and its stable combustion. Basic Rules:

1. Semi-automatic welding. This method achieves good quality. If you configure the device correctly, it will turn out smooth and without breaks. For some, the need to use gas cylinders is considered an inconvenience.
2. Electroslag method. This welding occurs by heating the melting zone of the slag pool. This method allows you to weld metal of any thickness.
3. Electric is now the most convenient device. Having learned how to handle it, welding a vertical seam with such an inverter will be easy for beginners.

Each of these ways of performing vertical welding is good. However, to achieve results, many more requirements will need to be taken into account.

Vertical seam production technology

Let's consider the conditions for controlling an electrode powered by an inverter during the cooking process. The main advice for this is:

• Work can be done in two ways: from bottom to top, from top to bottom;
• install the electrode perpendicular to the work site, touching it with the corner forward.

And also use the following directions with the end of the rod, depending on the width of the seam:

• wide: in a semicircle (circle, drop or loop) from left to right, the seams are placed on top of each other according to the established direction;
• narrow: with upward segments, the beginning of each subsequent one overlaps the middle of the previous one;
• or other widely used ones: herringbone (if the gap between the parts is 2-3mm), triangle (gap less than 2mm), ladder (when the distance is maximum).

Young workers are often interested in the question of the duration of pressing the electrode rod on the surface to be welded. In this case, experienced welders recommend saying to yourself the number twenty-two with each press of the machine. This is exactly how much time it will take and you need to not tear the electrode off the metal sheet. And from this it follows that for thick metal you should speak more slowly, and with thin metal a little faster.

The number of Amps installed on the inverter is important to the bottom line.

For example, it would be most effective to use the following scheme: install a power of 30A for each one millimeter of the electrode taken. If the technology and thickness of the product allows, you can deviate slightly from these numbers, but it is better not to do this, because:

• when the force is weak, the seam will not be very aesthetically pleasing, the sludge will accumulate in a large layer at the top;
• if, on the contrary, it is too large, there is a possibility of burning through the metal.

How to cook a vertical seam

When starting welding, you need to familiarize yourself with the sequence of each of the required manipulations:

• make an overlap at the bottom of the prepared surfaces;
• You should always start not with the prepared overlap, but a little higher. This way, you won’t have to correct everything if you make a mistake;
• It is best to cook without tearing off the arc;
• after turning on the device, after each press say 22 to yourself and begin making a new seam;
• after finishing, clean the surface from the outside and inside of the formed slag and, if necessary, proceed to weld the reverse side in the same way.

These tips will help you master vertical welding, even if you are new to welding. A little training and you will learn how to weld seams like a professional.

Source: https://TehnoPanorama.ru/instrumenty/kak-varit-vertikalniy-shov-invertorom.html

How to weld a vertical seam - Forging, welding, blacksmithing

The article “How to weld a vertical seam” continues the series on electric welding. The site already contains the following articles:

The titles of articles reveal their content. The last article, in addition, describes defects that occur during the electric welding process and methods for eliminating them.

Before you begin to study the technology of making a vertical welding seam, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the above articles (the issues discussed in them will not be repeated here). If additional questions arise (for example, related to welding machines, masks, electrodes, etc.), we recommend using the “Site Search” service. You can ask a question in the “” section and the site administration will definitely give an answer as soon as possible.

Preliminary general remarks

Before welding parts, it is necessary to prepare the metal. Edge cutting is carried out in accordance with the thickness of the parts being welded and the type of connection. The prepared parts are fixed in the required (specified by the design documentation) relative position. To do this, they are connected with short transverse seams (“tacks”) in increments of several tens of millimeters. Tacks do not allow parts to move relative to each other.

When welding parts with a vertical seam, the molten metal from the weld pool, under the influence of its own weight, will slide down. To avoid tearing off drops, use the shortest arc possible. To achieve this, it is necessary to bring the tip of the electrode as close as possible to the weld pool. If a non-stick welding electrode is used, it should be rested on one of the parts to be welded.

A vertical seam can be welded “top-down” or “bottom-up”.

Vertical seam from bottom to top

Note that it is more convenient to weld a vertical seam using electric welding with the electrode moving from bottom to top. This is due to the fact that in this case the electric arc “pushes” the weld pool upward and prevents it from falling down. This makes it much easier to obtain a high-quality seam. The diagram for making such a weld is shown in the figure.

Vertical seam from bottom to top without tearing. The position of the electrode and options for moving its tip are shown.

The following video shows how to properly weld a vertical seam using electric welding with the electrode moving “from bottom to top without lifting off.” The technique for creating a short roller is demonstrated:

• the electrode moves only up and down;
• there are no horizontal displacements.

The result is a very flat seam.

The following video shows how to properly weld a vertical seam using electric welding with the electrode moving “bottom-up with a lift.” This technological method may be more convenient for beginners, since during the time the welding electrode is removed, the metal has time to cool. It is allowed, for simplicity, to rest the electrode on the shelf of the welded crater.

This video also gives a lot of general tips that are useful for welders. For example, the effect of current on the shape of the seam is shown. In general, the welding current should be 510 A less than recommended for the selected electrode type and metal thickness. But, as shown in the video, this is not always true and is determined mainly experimentally.

Vertical seam from top to bottom

Welding with the movement of the electrode “from top to bottom” is used when connecting mainly thin sheets of metal. When welding using this method, the heat of the welding arc tends upward (without heating the weld pool). Therefore, to obtain good weld penetration, the current should be set to a slightly higher value (510A) than when welding with the electrode moving “bottom-up”.

The top-down welding technique is much more complicated than the previous one, and therefore we will dwell on it in more detail. When making vertical seams with a top-down movement of the electrode, it is positioned perpendicular to the surface to be welded. After igniting the arc and forming the first drops of molten metal, it is tilted down and continues to melt the base metal.

By slowly moving the electrode (and continuing to maintain a short arc), its tip should prevent the metal from flowing out of the weld pool. At the same time, the tip should be moved to the side and down, i.e. it is necessary to perform transverse oscillatory movements. This will facilitate the solidification of the deposited drops and the formation of a seam.

At the same time, prolonged concentration of heat in one place should not be allowed.

Vertical seam from top to bottom without tearing. The position of the electrode and options for moving its tip are shown.

Weld defects

When performing welding work, defects in welds are possible (especially for novice welders). Moreover, some of them are critical, some are not. We have paid enough attention to this topic on the site and will not repeat it now.

Now we will focus only on the defects that are characteristic of vertical seams. They appear when the current strength and arc size are chosen incorrectly. The table shows their schematic appearance and indicates the reasons that caused them.

Other types of defects that arise during electric welding and methods for eliminating them can be found in the article “Welding of metal structures”. In conclusion, we suggest watching another video about vertical welding. We wish you success!

Sections: Welding work - how to cook

Source: https://kovka-svarka.net/2013/10/kak-varit-vertikalnyj-shov/

How to properly weld metal with an inverter: tips for beginners on how to weld a vertical seam with an inverter

In everyday life, the need to weld objects periodically arises. Very often such a need arises in the private sector. For a large number of jobs, you can turn to experienced welders, but for small jobs it is better to use an inverter welding machine.

This is the simplest, most affordable and convenient type of welding. It is available for everyone to work with. To do this, you need to know the principles of the welding process.

Welding with an inverter has become a breakthrough in the field of welding machines, since outdated transformers are quite heavy and difficult to use. The advantage is that with inverter welding, spatter occurs less than when welding from a transformer.

An inverter is a welding machine that allows you to connect sheets of metal using an electric discharge. It has a distinctive feature: it has low weight and maximum capabilities , thanks to which it can perform work previously carried out by heavy and complex devices. The weight of the device depends on its power (from 3 to 7 kg).

You can transport it using a handle or strap. Cooling is provided by ventilation holes in the case. This device consumes electricity, which is directed only to the operation of the arc , and it carries out the welding process itself.

The device is insensitive to voltage changes. If there are constant fluctuations, you should pay attention to the required voltage, which is indicated in the inverter’s passport.

Handles and control indicators are located on the surface of the device :

• turns on and off with a toggle switch;
• the voltage and current values ​​are set using knobs on the front panel;
• the panel has indicators informing about power supply and device overheating;
• The outputs (“+” and “-“) are located on the front of the panel.

Additionally, the set contains 2 cables . One of them ends with a holder for the electrode, and the second has a clip in the form of a clothespin for securing the product. The device is connected via a connector located on the rear panel of the device.

Principle of operation

An inverter is an electronic device that runs on electricity. When old welding machines are turned on, a strong and huge jolt of electricity occurs, which may result in a power outage.

The inverter has storage capacitors that store electricity and ensure uninterrupted operation of the network. They gently ignite the arc of the inverter.

It is worth paying attention to the fact that electricity consumption depends on the diameter of the electrodes. The larger it is, the greater the consumption. In this regard, in order not to burn household appliances, before working with the inverter, it is necessary to calculate the maximum possible amount of electricity that will be consumed by the device.

It is worth considering that for each electrode diameter the minimum current strength , i.e. if you try to reduce the current strength, the weld will not work. If the current increases, it will work, but the electrode will quickly burn out.

The arc comes from the connection between the metal portion of the electrode and the metal being welded. The electrode and metal begin to melt under the influence of arc temperature . The molten parts in its place form a bath. The electrode coating melts, part of which goes into a gaseous state and blocks the bath from oxygen. The other part of the coating (in a liquid state) protects the metal from air during welding and during the cooling process.

After welding and cooling of the metal, the liquid part is slag, covering the seam from the outside. After cooling, the slag is removed by tapping with a hammer.

The electrode melts during the welding process. To prevent the arc from going out, you need to maintain its length , i.e., the distance between the metal and the electrode. This can be done by inserting the electrode into the welding site at the same speed and exactly along the seam joint.

With a short arc (about 1 mm), the metal is heated over a small area, and the weld comes out convex. At the point where the seam and metal meet, a defect such as an undercut (a parallel dimple near the seam) may appear. It reduces the strength of the seam.

A long arc is unstable, poorly protected from air, almost does not heat the metal, and the weld is not fully deep. The normal arc size is from 2 to 3 mm . A constant gap of this size will form a normal seam with good penetration.

How to properly weld metal with an inverter

To work with welding, the following protective elements are required:

• Gloves are made of rough material, but in no case are rubber.
• Welding helmet with a filter, which is selected depending on the value of the welding current. It is more convenient to use a “chameleon” mask, since the filter installed in it recognizes the arc and is darkened to suit its size. It is worth noting that at low temperatures the filter does not have time to work in time, and at temperatures below -100 degrees this mask will not protect.
• Clothing, which should be made of natural dense and non-flammable material, cover the neck and arms.
• Closed shoes made of genuine leather and thick soles.

It is necessary to prepare a safe place for welding :

1. Free space, absence of everything unnecessary.
2. Good lighting.
3. The work is performed standing on a wooden floor, which protects against electric shock.

After this, you need to adjust the welding current (depending on the thickness of the metal and parts) and select an electrode (2-5 mm). Usually the strength of this current is indicated on the device body. Electrodes must be selected based on the brand of welding materials. Next, connect the ground terminal to the surface to be welded.

, the metal should be prepared before starting work . Use a metal brush to remove rust from the edges, which need to be treated with a solvent (gasoline, white spirit). It is important to prevent the presence of grease and paint materials on the edges.

For beginners, it is better to make a seam in the form of a roller on a metal sheet with a large thickness. The sheet must be placed horizontally on the table. A straight line is drawn on it with chalk as a guide in the work, along which the roller will be laid. To start welding, you need to ignite the arc. You can do this in 2 ways:

• chirping;
• tapping.

You can strike and hold the arc in both ways. Next comes the welding process itself, which produces a weld seam. Metal deposits on top of the seam must be removed by tapping with a small hammer or hard object. The ability to control the length of the arc will provide excellent results.

The beauty of the seam is influenced by:

• electrode inclination angle;
• diagram of transverse and longitudinal movements;
• speed of electrode movement.

Welding such seams (slanted and ceiling) is a rather complex process. This is due to the fact that even molten metal is subject to the law of gravity. He is constantly pulled down, which causes difficulties. Beginning welders will need to spend a lot of time learning how to do this.

There are 3 technologies for vertical seam welding:

1. Triangle. Used when connecting parts with a thickness of no more than 2 mm. Welding occurs from bottom to top. The liquid metal is on top of the solidifying one. It flows down, thereby covering the suture roller. The flowing slag does not interfere, since it moves along the solidified bath, which exits at a certain angle. Externally, the weld pool looks like a triangle. In this method, it is important to move the electrode accurately to completely fill the joint.
2. Herringbone. This type of welding is suitable for gaps between workpieces equal to 2-3 mm. Along the edge from the depth towards you, you need to use an electrode to melt the metal to the entire thickness of the workpiece and, without stopping, lower the electrode to the gap. After melting occurs, do all this along the other edge. You need to continue from the bottom to the top of the weld. This results in a uniform arrangement of molten metal in the gap space. It is important to prevent the formation of undercut edges and metal leaks.
3. Ladder. This method is used when there is a large gap between the workpieces being joined and little dulling of the edges (or its absence at all). Welding is carried out in a zigzag manner from one edge to the other from bottom to top. The electrode stops at the edges for a long time, and the transition is made quickly. The roller will have a small cross-section.

Welding polarity

Melting of the metal during the welding process is carried out under the influence of the heat of the arc. It forms between the metal and the electrode when they are connected to opposite terminals of the welding device.

There are 2 options for performing welding work: direct and reverse polarity .

• In the first case, the electrode is connected to the minus, and the metal to the plus. There is a reduced introduction of heat into the metal. The melting point is narrow and deep.
• In the second case, the electrode is connected to the positive, and the metal to the negative, resulting in a reduced heat input into the product. The melting point is wide, but not deep.

When choosing welding, it is necessary to take into account that the network element connected to the plus heats up more. Thick metal is welded with direct polarity, and thin metal with reverse polarity.

Tips for dummies

• do not neglect protective equipment;
• Before performing work, it is worth practicing to prevent mistakes;
• welding must be performed with the minimum recommended amperage;
• do not forget to beat off the slag;
• to reduce the deformation of the product, you need to secure the parts during the welding process;
• follow instructions and recommendations.

In addition to the fact that welding can be used to connect parts, it can also be used to cut them . To do this, you need to increase the current and cut off the part or corners. It’s just not possible to do it exactly.

By using this guide, you can gradually improve your skills and use inverter welding without any problems in the future. The main thing in this matter is practice.

Source: https://tokar.guru/svarka/osobennosti-invertornoy-svarki-dlya-nachinayuschih.html

Welding vertical seams

In the process of welding metals, you often encounter situations when it is necessary to connect two workpieces located in different planes. This complicates the process itself, because the junction of the two parts is located either at an angle, or vertically, or in the ceiling plane.

Welding vertical seams (ceiling and inclined) is not an easy task. It is due to the fact that even molten metal located between two metal blanks is subject to the law of universal gravitation, that is, it is pulled down all the time. Hence the difficulties in welding.

Therefore, there are two important principles for welding vertical seams:

1. The molten metal in the weld zone should crystallize faster than in the normal bottom position. And this will be possible if the drops of molten metal are small in size. This can only be achieved by reducing the length of the arc, and when welding with an inverter or semi-automatic device, it is necessary to move the electrode inward and outward with short and quick movements. The movement of the holder will be similar to tapping the electrode on the surface to be welded.
2. Welding a vertical seam with alternating current is performed from the bottom up. When filling the weld crater, it is filled from below. Thus, the metal located below will act as a kind of support for the metal that fills the weld pool above.

True, bottom-up technology is not always applicable for welding a vertical seam. There are many situations when you have to weld a seam from top to bottom. To prevent drops of molten metal from flowing down, it is necessary to adhere to certain welding conditions.

• The arc should be short.
• At the beginning of ignition, the electrode should be positioned perpendicular to the plane of connection of the two workpieces.
• When welding, it tilts down from the side of the holder, that is, the electrode itself should be located at an acute angle in relation to the welding seam. At the same time, it must support the metal drops with an arc so that they do not flow down.
• If the flow cannot be stopped, then it is necessary to increase the current and increase the downward movement of the electrode. It is also recommended to increase the width of the weld seam by moving the consumable from side to side.

This technology of connecting welded workpieces with a vertical seam is much easier than from the bottom up. But the quality of the seam is much worse.

How to weld a vertical seam correctly

Before welding a vertical seam using semi-automatic electric welding or an inverter, you must select a welding technology. This depends on the thickness of the workpieces being welded, on the distance between their edges, as well as on the shape of the blunting of the edges.

1. Triangle welding technology. It is usually used if parts with a thickness of no more than 2 mm are connected. In this case, the maximum blunting of the edges is used. This technology is based on the principle of welding from the bottom up, with the liquid metal located on top of the solidifying one. It gradually flows down, covering the crystallizing metal seam bead. In this case, the slag flowing down does not interfere with the penetration of the metal edges, because it moves along the already solidified bath. In fact, the bathtub is obtained at a certain angle, this is the basis of the triangle technology. Because in appearance the welded pool is similar to this figure. It is important to move the electrode correctly to completely fill the joint. Therefore, a shelf is first assembled at the bottom position of the gap, after which the electrode moves, for example, to the left edge, where filling is done, then to the right. This is how the seam is filled. For this arc welding technology, it is better to use an electrode with a diameter of 3 mm, a current of 80-100 amperes.
2. Herringbone. This type of vertical seam welding is optimal for gaps between workpieces of 2-3 mm. Quite complex movements of the electrode are used here. Welding must begin from the plane of one of the edges. That is, along the wall of the edge from the depth towards you, you need to use an electrode to deposit metal over the entire thickness of the workpiece. Then, without stopping, you need to lower the electrode to the very depth of the gap. Pause here for melting to occur, and then do the same manipulations along the other edge. And thus continue from bottom to top, to the very top of the weld. This achieves a uniform distribution of molten metal in the gap space. The most important thing is to prevent the formation of undercut edges and metal leaks.
3. Ladder. This method of welding vertical seams is used when there is a maximum gap between the metal workpieces being joined and with minimal blunting of the edges (or no blunting at all). The welding process itself is a transition from one edge to another with minimal lifting of the electrode. That is, welding is carried out in a zigzag motion from edge to edge from bottom to top. In this case, the electrode stops at the edges for a long time, and the transition, on the contrary, must be carried out quickly. With this technology, the bead will have a small cross-section, which is why welders call it “light.”

All technologies can be produced by an inverter or semi-automatic device. You can weld parts up to 4 mm thick.

Arc ignition

For the quality of welding of vertical seams, it is very important to ignite the arc correctly. And it doesn’t matter whether you cook with an inverter, transformer or semi-automatic device. If the electrode runs out, it needs to be changed quickly, because the delay is a decrease in the temperature in the bath.

But even in this case, ignition must begin from the highest point of the crater. By the way, this can be in the center of the crater or on the side, it all depends on where the welding was completed before. The first pass into depth must be done quickly.

This is how you can avoid slagging the gap. Because the arc is still unstable and the bath temperature is not at the required level.

After raising the electrode, you need to pause to melt the starting point of welding, where the arc stabilizes and the bath reaches the required temperature. After this, you can go down deeper into the gap.

Cooking a vertical seam is quite difficult. No wonder there are so many options available. Beginning welders will have to spend a lot of time learning how to do this. Therefore, we suggest watching a video on how to properly electric weld a vertical seam.

Source: https://svarkalegko.com/tehonology/kak-varit-vertikalnyj-shov.html

How to weld a vertical weld

Electric welding involves the application of an electric arc to the metal being processed. It is formed between the product and the used electrode made of conductive material.

Too high a temperature causes the metal to melt, due to which the individual parts are connected. The connection point is usually called a weld.

To change its indicators, the technical parameters of welding are changed, for example, the amplitude and speed of movement. The features of vertical welding should be considered in more detail.

How to cook a vertical seam

How to properly weld a vertical seam with an inverter? — Machine tools, welding, metalworking

In the process of welding metals, you often encounter situations when it is necessary to connect two workpieces located in different planes. This complicates the process itself, because the junction of the two parts is located either at an angle, or vertically, or in the ceiling plane.

Welding vertical seams (ceiling and inclined) is not an easy task. It is due to the fact that even molten metal located between two metal blanks is subject to the law of universal gravitation, that is, it is pulled down all the time. Hence the difficulties in welding.

Therefore, there are two important principles for welding vertical seams:

1. The molten metal in the weld zone should crystallize faster than in the normal bottom position. And this will be possible if the drops of molten metal are small in size. This can only be achieved by reducing the length of the arc, and when welding with an inverter or semi-automatic device, it is necessary to move the electrode inward and outward with short and quick movements. The movement of the holder will be similar to tapping the electrode on the surface to be welded.
2. Welding a vertical seam with alternating current is performed from the bottom up. When filling the weld crater, it is filled from below. Thus, the metal located below will act as a kind of support for the metal that fills the weld pool above.

True, bottom-up technology is not always applicable for welding a vertical seam. There are many situations when you have to weld a seam from top to bottom. To prevent drops of molten metal from flowing down, it is necessary to adhere to certain welding conditions.

• The arc should be short.
• At the beginning of ignition, the electrode should be positioned perpendicular to the plane of connection of the two workpieces.
• When welding, it tilts down from the side of the holder, that is, the electrode itself should be located at an acute angle in relation to the welding seam. At the same time, it must support the metal drops with an arc so that they do not flow down.
• If the flow cannot be stopped, then it is necessary to increase the current and increase the downward movement of the electrode. It is also recommended to increase the width of the weld seam by moving the consumable from side to side.

This technology of connecting welded workpieces with a vertical seam is much easier than from the bottom up. But the quality of the seam is much worse.