Welding electrodes UONI: features, characteristics, use
The modern market offers a wide selection of different products for welding - from welding machines of various designs and operating principles to consumables. Such an assortment is justified, first of all, by the desire to make the result of the work of the highest possible quality, regardless of the materials used and the working conditions of the specialist.
Among all this variety, UONI welding electrodes stand out in great demand, as they are used in the most common method of work - manual arc welding.
Name meaning
The name UONI-13 is nothing more than an abbreviation of the enterprise that developed the coating of electrodes and released the products into wide production. Its decoding is “Universal coating of Research Institute No. 13.”
For a modern consumer, such labeling may look quite strange, but the invention was launched to the masses back in the 1940s in the USSR. It turned out to be so successful that, with minor changes, it is still used today.
The changes, for the most part, affected only the standards regulating production.
Uoni or uoni?
On sale you can find products with both labeling options. In fact, they have the same purpose, but differ significantly in price and quality. What is the reason for this unusual situation?
Returning to the question of the state standards used, it is worth noting that the main document in this case is GOST 9466-75. Both of the above types of products fully comply with it, however, UONII electrodes undergo additional certification by NAKS.
NAKS is the National Welding Control Agency, which has developed and issued additional guidance documents - RD 03-613-03. They can be considered a full-fledged addition to the existing GOST, which significantly tightens the requirements for the use of welding materials.
Thus, despite compliance with GOST, UONI 13 electrodes are of lower quality than products marked UONII, and, as a result, do not give such an outstanding result during operation.
You can distinguish products by the markings on the box.
Brands and usage
All UONI electrodes are used for manual arc welding, but are divided into several brands, differing in marking and purpose:
- UONI 13/45 electrodes are used for welding forgings and cast parts, as they provide good toughness and ductility of the weld. The coating contains nickel and molybdenum.
- 13/55 contain phosphorus, silicon, carbon, sulfur and manganese and are mainly used for assembling rolled products and parts made of low-alloy and high-carbon steels. The weld they form is characterized by high strength and resistance to cracking. A distinctive feature is that they do not work upside down.
- 13/65 are the most universal grade, allowing a wide range of work on welding steel structures, ensuring a fairly high quality of the seam. They work in all spatial positions.
- 13/85 are used for work involving parts made of high-strength alloy steel. They work perfectly in all positions and provide an extremely strong connection, which is why they are used when installing critical structures.
General benefits
In general, UONI-13 electrodes, despite certain differences between brands, have a number of significant advantages.
- they perform well when working in subzero temperatures,
- provide a tight seam with good mechanical characteristics,
- the connection formed is well resistant to vibrations, shock loads and temperature changes,
- the electrodes themselves ensure easy initial ignition and stable arc burning,
- with highly qualified workers, metal spattering is minimized,
- The slag crust is easily cleaned off from the resulting seam.
All these advantages make them one of the most convenient and efficient to use, which justifies their high popularity.
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Advantages of working with us An order for any metal will be delivered on the day of the order if your order is received before 12:00 Deferred payment to our regular customers We assemble the entire created order into one machine Quality certificates for all our metal We provide professional advice on selection Metal shipment 24/7 (24 hours a day, seven days a week) We will carry out rough processing, cutting to size, cutting metal, galvanizing pipes, meshes. We will unwind rolls, unwind cold and cold rolls and OC rolls, longitudinal and transverse cutting. We will produce, pipe blanks up to 2 meters, plates, gussets. We will do it, non-standard operations for bending channels and other rolled products in a short time Wide range available in stock Any type of product can be purchased from us starting from one piece Fast delivery 7 days a week throughout Russia Entry passes to the Third Transport Ring and the Garden Ring
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Electrode UONI | SSSI characteristics| PRICES |UONII-NAKS Pavements
Happy New Year! Increase your health and take care of everything that is dear to you!
The 30s of the 20th century passed. The country was developing. There is an urgent need for electrodes for welding alloy steels. Electrodes of this kind were not produced in the country and were imported from abroad. The first experimental batches of coated electrodes were developed within the walls of the Leningrad Institute of Metals in 1933 and were called LIM. Due to the absence of ferroalloys (alloying additives) in the coating composition, these electrodes did not ensure the quality of the deposited metal and were used only for welding low-carbon steels. But not much time passed, and already in 1934 M. Kozhevnikov developed electrodes of the VET-26 brand (All-Union Electrotechnical Trust), the coating of which contained ferromanganese, which significantly increased the mechanical properties of the weld metal and the strength of welded joints. Further, scientists already in the period 1935-1937 advanced in research and developed a series of electrodes with acid ore and ilmenite coatings (Orgametal Welding Office). These coatings, in addition to slag-forming, deoxidizing and alloying components, also contained gas-protective organic components. This principle has survived in the recipe to this day. All developed coating compositions contained a significant amount of iron and manganese oxides, which during welding led to active oxidation of the weld metal and the formation of acidic slags. A significant disadvantage of acid ore electrodes is the tendency of the deposited metal to form hot cracks with increasing carbon content and significant burnout of alloying elements. A solution to the difficulties of welding medium-carbon, high-carbon and high-alloy steels was found as a result of the invention of electrodes with basic coatings. The basic basis for this coating was marble-fluorspar (calcium fluoride). The first electrodes with a basic coating were developed by A. Shashkov and T. Dubova in 1937. Their use during the Great Patriotic War found wide application for welding armor steels. However, the most in-depth and successful research, as well as the development of a formulation for electrodes with calcium fluoride coatings, was carried out in 1937-1938. Petranem K.V. (electrodes of brands UONII-13/45 - UONII-13/85). Each brand of these electrodes remains the main one for the corresponding type of electrodes to this day. But the fly in the ointment or the disadvantage of electrodes with calcium fluoride coatings is their applicability for welding only with direct current of reverse polarity due to the low stability of the arc. Later Petran K.V. developed electrodes with basic coatings suitable for welding with alternating current.
An electrode with a calcium fluorine coating for manual arc welding of low- and medium-alloy carbon steels was assigned the grade UONI-13 (universal coating NII-13). In 1940, copyright certificate No. 65424 was received for the product.
With the use of the new slag system CaF2–CaCO3–SiO2 and the use of a complex of various ferroalloys containing manganese, silicon, titanium, and aluminum for deoxidation and denitrogenation, based on a low-carbon electrode rod in 1939.
a series of electrodes was created that provide the ultimate strength of the deposited metal from 441 to 833 MPa (from UONI 13 45 to UONI-13 85), as well as high plastic properties, impact strength and density. UONIY (as welders affectionately call them) turned out to be a WONDER!
Today, SSSI electrodes are produced at every serious electrode plant. The SVEL plant, part of the ESAB group, producing UONI electrodes, cannot afford compromises in terms of quality, because its reputation does not allow it. Despite the fact that the type of deposited metal for all UONI electrodes is E50A, but depending on the purpose, they have different mechanical properties of the deposited metal. Electrodes differ depending on the industry: for bridges, for pipelines, for the nuclear industry. How do SSSI electrodes work? The first thing to do is to prepare the edges, i.e. remove rust and oil film. Necessarily ! SSNI electrodes require calcination. This is necessary so that the deposited metal contains less bound hydrogen, which forms foci of corrosion. Welding is carried out by leaning on a short arc due to the “capricious” nature of the electrodes and the inelastic behavior of the electric arc. We offer USI electrodes from the following manufacturers:
1.Electrodes UONII, OK48.00, OK48.04, OK48R produced by ESAB-SVEL (St. Petersburg)
UONII electrodes produced by ESAB-SVEL are electrodes of uncompromising quality that meet the highest requirements.
2.UONI electrodes Special electrodes are high quality electrodes. Fully comply with GOST.
3. UONI Plasma electrodes produced by PlasmaTek are high quality electrodes with the addition of iron powder to the coating for more productive work.
How much do Uoni electrodes cost? The price is determined by the quality of the materials used - wire, glass, ferrous additives. ESAB enterprises produce their electrodes only from high-quality raw materials, which is why these electrodes are more expensive. Compromises in quality ALWAYS result in negative consequences - monetary losses, man-made disasters, human casualties.
To buy UONI electrodes in bulk at the best price, you must send an application and details to the sales department
Source: https://eko-teh.ru/articles/uoni-istoriya-elektrodov
SSSI electrodes
Welding work is often performed at enterprises, as well as at home. The complexity of the work depends on the characteristics of the welding machine and other tools used.
For home use, the welding process is not possible without an inverter. Metal melting occurs through the use of melting elements, the quality of which directly determines the work process.
The most common electrodes UONI 13/55 allow you to create strong connections and are capable of welding various grades of metals.
Electrodes UONI 13/55
What are SSNI electrodes?
There are more than enough tools for welding work on the market. For a quality connection, it is necessary to use time-tested material. When purchasing, you should study the coating composition, melting coefficient, and welding consumption.
UONI electrodes belong to the coated class consumables; the operating principle consists of melting metal and a rod, which subsequently connects the product. The rod consists of the alloying metals magnesium, chromium or nickel.
Electrode coating UONI 13/55 is used to create a protective pool from air during welding work.
SSSI electrodes
When air gets into the weld pool, a poor-quality seam and the formation of oxides are possible. Coating of fusion elements is applicable to welding steel with low levels of alloying elements, carbonaceous metals.
Such materials are used to create load-bearing structures and durable connections. The melting temperature ranges from -60 to +40 degrees, the consumption per kilogram of molten metal is 1.7 kg of product.
The decoding of the name SSSI comes from the domestic name of the welding institute, as a universal coating of scientific institute number 13.
Specifications
Today, there are a lot of different materials on the market for welding accessories. Electrodes of the UONI 13/55 brand have gained the most popularity, the technical characteristics of which allow welding work to be carried out in poor climatic conditions, where work with conventional tools is impossible.
UONI electrodes have been used for a long time in production and home welding work; they have passed the necessary tests and are approved by GOST. When welding, the seam is obtained with the required impact strength and is plastic under load. The technical specifications include a base coating that primarily interacts with the metal. Welding with UONI electrodes creates a high-quality seam on which even microscopic cracks are not detected.
Features of application
Each of the melting elements has its own niche of application; USI electrodes are used with the following parameters:
- The welding process occurs using reverse polarity current; the process is required by GOST.
- The seam eliminates the presence of gases and excess impurities by using a special coating of fluoride formations and various carbonates.
- The metal of the rod is used from low carbon steel compounds, which contributes to the reliability of the weld.
- Thanks to organic compounds, welding electrodes UONI 13/55 have low susceptibility to moisture.
- The design, made of low-alloy materials, avoids cracks and irregularities during the welding process.
Welding using UONI electrodes
The seam is not subject to aging or loss of fastening properties when exposed to temperature. Welding with UUNI electrodes should exclude the use of poorly cleaned materials, as they may be subject to corrosion in the future. The process occurs with a short arc, which avoids loss of connection quality. The main advantage over competitors is the result with the required hydrogen concentration, a connection resistant to the appearance of microcracks.
The chemical composition of materials and technology of use may vary depending on the manufacturer. Before purchasing, you need to inquire about compliance with the requirements and standards according to GOST, or the availability of a certificate of certification of welding materials.
Application of electrode welding in construction
Calcination procedure for welding electrodes UONI 13/55
To reduce the concentration of moisture and other unnecessary compounds in the coating - calcination by keeping it in an induction furnace. Each manufacturer of UONI 13/55 electrodes includes instructions for use and calcination of materials in the packaging. Neglecting the instructions is strictly prohibited, as this will result in a poor-quality connection.
Electrode welding principle
In situations where the instructions are not included or are damaged, it is necessary to follow the basic sequence of steps for calcination:
- The procedure is carried out immediately before use in the welding process. These actions are necessary for a high-quality result, a reliable seam and a stable burning of the welding arc.
- The maximum effect of calcination is 8 hours; if, after a specified period, the materials have not been used, the procedure is repeated again.
- The calcination time should not exceed four hours, and the permissible number of calcinations of the same UUSNI electrode is 3 times.
- The process uses a furnace heated to 250-280 degrees; for a uniform result, special molds are used, only then the melting elements are effectively calcined.
Obtaining a high-quality result depends on the duration and storage conditions of the materials. Storage takes place in rooms with relative humidity up to 50%, without interacting with direct sunlight, air temperature of at least 12 degrees. Subject to all rules, standards and storage conditions of GOST 9466-75, the shelf life of materials can be unlimited.
Download GOST 9466-75
Electrode storage
Labeling explanations
Various modifications can confuse an inexperienced craftsman when purchasing welding elements. The marking describes the materials acceptable for use, the welding method, and the composition of the rod. For example, it is possible to consider a product under the name E50A-UONI-13/55-4.0-UD.
Explanation of SSSI electrode markings
The capital letter "E" stands for electrode. The process of use is implied by manual arc welding. The following numbers indicate the strength limits of the connection, divided into specific and tensile strength. The letter “A” is affixed to designate the seam as an impact-resistant and ductile connection. The diameter of the SSSI electrode is indicated after the number, which means 4.0.
At the end of the marking there is a designation of the materials to which the welding element is applied.
The letter “U” indicates that this type of electrode is used for carbon steel. There are different steel designations to which welding products are applied:
- T – welding with heat-resistant metals is performed;
- B - used in processes with high-alloy steels;
- H – denotes the process of repair work using material surfacing;
- L - applies to alloy steels.
Contains the designation of the ratio and diameter of the coating to the rod. The letter “D” means a thick coating layer, a thin coating – “M”, the middle one is indicated by the letter “C”. The dimensions of the rod, in particular its length, depend on the diameter.
The thickness of the product is 2 mm, then the length will be no more than 30 cm. In cases with a diameter of 4 mm, the length of the product is 450 mm in accordance with the described standards and GOSTs.
The advantage of UONI 13/55 electrodes is the ability to work with vertical, ceiling and horizontal seams.
Experienced welders advise using different currents for each application, this allows beginners to choose the right setting for a high-quality connection. It is also worth purchasing several sets of boxes from different manufacturers to find the best option. Calcination of the product is a mandatory procedure that should not be neglected; the method of welding with a short arc, relying on a coating, will allow you to quickly master the work.
Source: https://stankiexpert.ru/spravochnik/svarka/elektrody-uoni.html
Professionals choose electrodes UONI 13 55
UONI electrodes from the brands Hobex, ESAB-SVEL, Monolith, Plasma, Most and others are widely popular among welders. These electrodes guarantee the strength and stability of the welded structures - provided that you already have some welding skills. Let's take a closer look at the advantages of the UONI 13 55 brand and what you need to know before purchasing them.
Decoding the electrodes
The name of these welding electrodes comes from the abbreviation UONI-13, which denoted a coating for electrodes patented in 1940. It deciphers like this:
U – universal,
O - coating,
N – scientific,
And - the institute,
13 — № 13.
electrodes UONI 13 55
What is noteworthy is that GOST 9466 - 75 prescribed the use of a slightly different abbreviation - UONII-13 (“universal coating of scientific research institute No. 13”). Currently, any of these abbreviations may be indicated on packs of these consumables, but in documents it is always written UONII.
The manufacturer usually indicates the following code on the packages of UONI 13 55: E50A-UONI-13/55 SM-4.0-UD GOST 9467-60. This means that the product is an electrode for arc welding, the weld will have a strength of at least 50 kgf per mm2 and will have plastic properties, the product brand is UONI 13/55 SM, the diameter is 4 mm, carbon and low-carbon steels can be welded, electrode coating thick, the product is standardized according to GOST number 9467, approved in 1960.
decoding of markings
Depending on the type of electrodes of the UONI brand, the marking may vary. For example, the diameter can be 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm or 5 mm, tensile strength - e42, e46, e50, etc., modifications are 55k, 55r, 55u, etc.
You can read all about electrode markings here.
Purpose of electrodes UONI 13 55
welding using SSSI Monolith
Welding electrodes UONI 13 55 are suitable for manual welding using an arc. Welding can be done in overhead, horizontal, lower, inclined positions, as well as in a vertical position from top to bottom. As mentioned above, they can weld low-alloy and carbon-containing metals.
The welding seam is wear-resistant and protected from corrosion. The carbonates and fluoride compounds that make up the coating of the UONI electrode prevent the formation of hot cracks and give the weld plasticity and high impact strength.
Therefore, this consumable is used when welding thick metal, correcting casting defects, and manufacturing parts that can withstand high pressure, low temperatures and long-term loads.
Electrodes Monolit UONI are widely used in shipbuilding.
Difference between UONI and MR electrodes
Beginners often wonder which is better - SSSI 1355 or MP3. We hasten to clarify the situation.
Both grades are designed for joining carbon and low-carbon steels, the only difference is in the characteristics of the current required for welding. MP3 electrodes are used for welding with any type of current, and the polarity does not matter.
SSSIs can cook efficiently only with direct current; the polarity must be reversed. In this case, the constant cannot be replaced by a variable, otherwise the electrode will stick and the welding arc will not burn evenly. Considering this nuance, you can avoid metal spattering and weld defects.
Preparing the SSNI electrode for operation
If you assume that a special electrode such as SSSI does not require preparation before use, then you are deeply mistaken. A pack of consumables is not always spent at one time, and it may happen that some of the electrodes are waiting their turn in an already leaky package.
Then, in this case, before welding the metal, it is worth calcining the electrodes, since the UUNI coating tends to absorb moisture. You can use temperatures up to 300 - 400 degrees Celsius: the products do not contain organic substances and therefore tolerate long-term heating. After calcination, you need to place the electrodes in a special case.
Please note: the electrode is subject to heat treatment no more than 3 times, its total time should not exceed 4 hours.
Source: https://svarkaed.ru/rashodnye-materialy/elektrody/professionaly-vybirayut-elektrody-uoni-13-55.html
The electrodes go out. Electrodes for inverter welding: what you need to know
Welding work often has to be performed not only at some enterprises, but often home craftsmen also take on this difficult task. But the degree of complexity of welding depends on many criteria, for example, the model of the welding machine that the home craftsman uses.
But knowing that electrical networks very often operate unstable, then, accordingly, it is impossible to do without an inverter when welding. But the operation of such a welding machine is impossible if electrodes are not used. They are sold both in packages and individually. But the composition of their cathodes should be chosen based on what kind of steel you are going to connect.
How to choose the right electrodes for welding?
For high-quality operation of a welding machine, electrodes are required, which are produced not only abroad. Now on the shelves of construction stores there is a wide selection of domestically produced welding materials.
When purchasing electrodes, you should consider their following properties:
The cathode plays an important role in the electrode, but there are many other qualities to consider. So, when purchasing it, the following factors are taken into account:
- Properties.
- Diameter of the seam to be joined.
- Penetration depth.
When going to a hardware store to buy electrodes, you should already have an idea of what its purpose will be, that is, what steels it should connect.
Main brands
A welding machine cannot do without electrodes, but the construction world is so diverse and diverse that sometimes the home craftsman is simply lost in what he should choose from the entire list that is offered to him.
But I would like to draw your attention to several brands that are considered the best among all. First of all, these are UONI brand electrodes, which have long proven their quality and the characteristics of which will be discussed a little later.
The second type of electrode is MP3. This brand is very common today. It is most often used to carry out welding work on not the most critical structures , which are made of carbon steels, and they can also be low-alloy.
The main advantage of this electrode is that the electric arc burns continuously, and thus there is uniform penetration of the metal being connected , and therefore the strength of the entire work. To work with this brand, you can use both alternating and direct current.
Another common brand of electrodes is OK 46. They are not only good for the welding process, but also have a coating such as rutile. Therefore, the welding seam turns out to be strong and reliable , because it even allows you to re-ignite the electric arc itself. But not every welding operation can be performed with this cathode, since it is better suited for, for example, tacking metal or creating a root weld.
Technical characteristics of UONI 13/55
Today there are a huge variety of brands of electrodes. Among all, the electrodes of domestic production UONI are distinguished by their greater popularity and performance. This abbreviation means universal coating of a research institute.
So, the UONI brand is intended to carry out any welding work on metal structures with high quality and maintaining a high level of ductility. Such electrodes can be used even in the most severe climatic conditions , where most often normal welding work is impossible.
SSSIs have already been used many times in welding the most serious structures and even initially passed a number of mandatory tests, proving that they help to obtain a welding seam that is both ductile and has the necessary impact strength.
Let us dwell once again in more detail on what the technical parameters of the SSSI electrode are. It has a basic coating and this plays an important role. The deposition rate is 3.5 g/Ah. Its consumption is low, as it is known that the electric motors of the UUSI consume approximately one per kilogram of the metal that is deposited, that is, the figure turns out to be approximately 1.7 kg.
Such electrodes also have their own advantages over others. First of all, the seam is of very high quality. The properties of these seams are such that even crystalline cracks do not form on them , and they also contain a fairly low carbon content.
The best option when working with an electrode is to use short arc welding, which uses the support method. It is simply ideal even for those places where there are problems with energy supply and it is not stable.
Technology of using electrodes UONI 13/55
It is known that there are some peculiarities in the technology of using this electrode. So, its core is a steel wire. The second feature is that the product is coated with a mixture that includes carbonate and fluoride compounds. They affect the quality of the seam, as well as what impurities it will contain.
Question:
I read in the literature that UONI 13 55 are good welding electrodes, so I decided to buy them and burn them, try them in practice, is it true? In reality, everything did not go as planned in theory. Please explain, when welding with reverse polarity, you have to add more current.
But the SSSI still sticks, and the arc breaks. After several attempts, you light the arc again, move a dozen or two millimeters and the electrode goes out again. I just don’t understand how this “miracle” works, maybe I need to add more current? The weld metal is of good quality, there is little slag debris.
What am I doing wrong?
Answer:
If you are just starting to weld with manual arc welding, then these electrodes are not very suitable for learning. Working with an SSSI requires some skill. Try to cook MP-3 or ANO-21 first, as soon as they start to come out, only then switch to UONI 13 55 for critical structures.
Here are a few nuances that may help you: Some manufacturers may simply produce low-quality electrodes. You need to purchase and cook with electrodes from different manufacturers, then you yourself will understand which one to give preference to.
Even in the same package, one electrode can cook normally, while the other is defective, not to mention different packages! Before work, the electrodes must be dried or, in extreme cases, calcined (on this topic). It may also be that the output current of your inverter may differ from that shown by the indicator or the smooth adjustment knob. Measure the welding current de facto using a clamp.
Try welding without lifting, pressing into the coating and maintaining a minimal arc.
- Cook at an angle backwards, in this case the slag will fall on the already welded area
- In conditions of low mains voltage or voltage drops, a cheap Chinese device will not be welded with electrodes with basic coating. The problem can be solved: a) by connecting a choke to the circuit;
b) buy a professional welder
c) find a good electrical network.
- Do not forget also that UONI 13 55 was created for welding highly critical loaded metal structures that are assembled in the workshop. Therefore, careful preliminary preparation of the surface of steel workpieces is required for them. They do not tolerate dirt, corrosion, or moisture.
- There is no need to provide a lot of welding current. What is good for a rutile electrode cannot be used for a basic electrode. Forcing the process will reduce the quality of the seam.
If the current is too high, it is difficult to control the weld pool, metal evaporation is intense, and there is a large amount of spatter. Warping increases due to high thermal influence. When welding the ceiling and passing vertical seams, metal will flow out of the bath.
Focus on the following modes when welding with a three-millimeter electrode, depending on the position:
a) lower 80-100A
b) vertical 60-80A
c) ceiling 70-90A
For electrodes at the Losinoostrovsky plant, the current should be slightly lower than that indicated above.
Source: https://pro-men.ru/the-electrodes-of-woni-are-extinguished-electrodes-for-inverter-welding-what-you-need-to-know/
Technical characteristics of electrodes UONI 13/55. Welding technology
UONI 13/55 electrodes receive only positive reviews among professional welders. And beginners are afraid to use these capricious rods.
Which are used for structures, pipelines made of low-alloy and carbon steel, requiring increased characteristics of ductility and toughness of the weld. In harsh climatic zones.
Technical characteristics of welding electrodes UONI-13/55
Consider:
- General characteristics;
- mechanical and chemical properties of the weld;
- permissible seam position;
- welding current values;
- weight and number of electrodes in one pack;
- cost of one pack.
1) General technical characteristics:
- type of connection - arc, manual, direct current of reverse polarity;
- coating (coating) - basic;
- the rod is made of Sv-08 or Sv-08A wire;
- surfacing coefficient - 9 g/Ah;
- consumption of welding rods per 1 kg of deposited metal is 1.6 kg.
2) Mechanical properties:
- temporary resistance, N/mm2 - 420-540;
- relative elongation of at least 22%;
- impact strength, J/cm2 not less than 128.
Mass fraction of chemical elements in the weld seam (table):
3) Spatial positions of the weld. UONI 13/55 electrodes with a diameter of 2 to 4 mm are used for welding in all spatial positions except vertical (top to bottom No. 5).
Watch the video (below) where a man refutes this written rule. Rods with a diameter of 5 mm are used for horizontal, bottom and vertical methods (bottom to top).
personal experience of using SSSI 13/55 in all spatial positions.
4) The magnitude of the welding current. When welding with E50A UONI 13/55 electrodes, the selection of current depending on the diameter of the rods and the position of the weld is presented in the table.
5) The table will help you calculate the number of rods (pieces) in the package and the weight of the electrode in grams.
6) The price for a pack of UONI 13/55 varies from 400 to 750 rubles. The cost varies depending on the weight of the pack, manufacturer, and region. On average, the price per kg of products starts from 100 rubles.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xt8WOHq6ySk
Advantages of using SSSI 13/55:
- obtaining a strong weld seam;
- reduction in electrode consumption by 15%;
- increase in surfacing by 10%.
How to replace UONI 13/55 (analogues):
- Basic One;
- Elga;
- AV-66;
- OK 48.00 and 48.05.
How to cook with UONI 13/55 electrodes
The workpieces prepared for joining are cleaned of oil, scale and dirt. Calcination of UONI 13/55 electrodes is carried out for 1 hour at a temperature of 300°C.
Welding plates. On the outside, the technology is performed on a short arc, with small oscillatory movements (herringbone). Stick sticking during the welding process is scary for beginners. By lengthening the arc we get rid of sticking. Feel the line when to do this and then the SSSI will submit to the home craftsman.
Having boiled one side, turn the part over and slowly, without any oscillatory movements, cook the other side.
UONII 13/55 in pipe welding.
Welding tips:
- find a good manufacturer of electrodes, buy a pack of different manufacturers and try;
- read the instructions on the pack carefully and always pierce the rods before work;
- select and adjust the correct current;
- try to cook using the electrode coating using a short arc.
Source: https://plavitmetall.ru/elektrody/uoni-13-55-texnicheskie-xarakteristiki.html
Technical characteristics of electrodes UONI-13 45
When welding metal structures, many types of electrodes are used, but one of the most famous options are representatives of the UONI type. In construction environments, they allow you to create truly reliable connections that can withstand industrial loads.
UONI-13 45 electrodes are intended for welding carbon and low-carbon steels. Basically, they are used in places where there are special requirements for the seam made.
The deposited metal, in addition to an excellent connection, has high impact strength, as well as good ductility, so that minor deformations will not damage it.
Like the closest brand to them, UONI 13 55 electrodes, these materials can be welded in any spatial position, if the operating mode is selected correctly, depending on the diameter.
The electrodes are used with reverse polarity, but can operate on both direct and alternating current. The coating is of the basic type. Its unique composition contains carbonates and fluoride compounds.
The wide distribution and great demand of this brand is due to the fact that the deposited metal becomes identical to ordinary steel.
Like the closest brand to them, UONI 13 55 electrodes, these materials can be welded in any spatial position, if the operating mode is selected correctly, depending on the diameter.
The electrodes are used with reverse polarity, but can operate on both direct and alternating current. The coating is of the basic type. Its unique composition contains carbonates and fluoride compounds.
The wide distribution and great demand of this brand is due to the fact that the deposited metal becomes identical to ordinary steel.
High ductility and toughness are achieved due to low gas content. These parameters do not depend on the temperature of the work. Seams made by this brand age much slower than others. This becomes another reason why these welding electrodes are used so actively in the industrial and construction sectors.
There are no surface or longitudinal cracks in the electrode coating. During welding, the electrodes can be ignited a second time without any problems, for which no extra effort is required. During the process itself, the coating maintains a stable arc and, as a result, ensures high quality connections. This also affects the low metal spattering.
Upon completion of the work, there are no problems with the separation of slag and it can be detached even with the slightest effort.
In order for SSSI electrodes to exhibit their technical characteristics to the maximum extent, they should be calcined before use. This procedure is carried out at temperatures ranging from 300-350 degrees Celsius and lasts up to an hour. It is worth noting that, unlike foreign analogues, such as LB 52U electrodes, they combine high quality at an affordable price. The product is suitable for both beginners and experienced craftsmen.
Scope of application UONI-13 45
This brand has found application in a variety of areas, from home conditions to critical construction projects. It is best to use them to connect steel and metal structures that are designed for a long service life.
They are also used for repairing steel products, including welding tanks, sealed containers and pipes. The connection process occurs quite quickly, since lengthy preparations are not required.
The only thing that complicates their use at home is the need for calcination at high temperatures, while in production this can be done without problems.
Technical characteristics of UONI-13 45
When choosing UONI-13 45 electrodes, technical characteristics come first. Naturally, they largely depend on the composition. Here, even a tenth of a percent of certain elements can have a significant impact.
Carbon Manganese Silicon Sulfur Phosphorus| 0,09 | 0,57 | 0,23 | 0,025 | 0,027 |
When it comes to direct selection, experts first of all pay attention to the mechanical characteristics. They show what properties the finished seams will have. After all, all products can be used under different conditions. Thus, it is worth knowing the basic provisions that you will have to focus on when choosing.
Test temperature Temporary tensile strength, N/mm2 Relative elongation, % Impact toughness, J/cm2| + 20 °C | 410 | 22 | 147 |
| 21 | 93 | 1,63 |
Dimensions and assortment of UONI-13 45
This brand is practically not used for welding thin sheets of metal, therefore, the minimum electrode size in this case starts from 2 mm. Along with the diameter, the length of the rod also increases.
Diameter value, mm Electrode length, mm| 2 | 2,5 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 0,3 | 0,35 | 0,35 | 0,45 | 0,45 |
Features of surfacing UONI-13 45
In order for the quality of the connection to be as high as possible and the seam to correspond to the declared characteristics, it is necessary to select your own welding mode for each specific case. The main parameters that affect the current value are the welding position, as well as the diameter of the filler material.
| Diameter size, mm | Position | ||
| Bottom seam | Vertical seam | Ceiling seam | |
| 2 | 4080 | 4070 | 4070 |
| 2.5 | 7090 | 6080 | 6080 |
| 3 | 100130 | 90120 | 90120 |
| 4 | 160190 | 130160 | 130160 |
| 5 | 180240 | 160210 | — |
| 6 | 210290 | — | — |
Decoding UONI-13 45
UONI-13 45 brand of welding electrodes, which are intended for welding metal products made of carbon steel.
Manufacturers UONI-13 45
- Bohler Fox Ev;
- Vistek;
- Plasma;
- Monolith;
- Frunze Electrode;
- Paton.
Source: https://promsnabservisnk.ru/publ/2-1-0-50
Welding with “UONI-13/55” electrode
Welding electrodes of the UONI-13/55 brand are used for manual arc welding. Welding can be carried out in all spatial positions (except vertical from top to bottom) with direct current of reverse polarity. On our website there is a description and review of the technical characteristics of welding electrodes “UONI-13/55”. Today we will talk about welding with these electrodes.
What can be welded with UONI-13/55 electrodes
Critical structures made of carbon and low-alloy steels are subject to welding. The metal of welded seams of these structures is subject to increased requirements for:
- plasticity;
- impact strength.
Such steels include the following grades: 10KhSN2D, 48KS, etc. Structures made of such steel can be operated at low temperatures and alternating loads. It is possible to weld the above grades with the following: BSt3, 09G2, 10G2S1D-35, 10HSND, MS-1, St3s, etc. Welding electrodes “UONI-13/55” can be used for welding forgings made of dispersion-hardened and carbon steels.
Welding electrodes "UONI-13/55" in packaging.
Welding with “UONI-13/55” electrodes of carbon and low-alloy steels
Before welding you must:
- clean the edges of the metal;
- calcinate the welding electrodes at a temperature T = 250-300°C for 1 hour.
Welding with “UONI-13/55” electrodes must be carried out with direct current of reverse polarity. When welding, the following spatial positions of the weld seam are allowed: 1,2,3,4,6.
Spatial position of the weld seam.
When welding with “UONI-13/55” electrodes, depending on the diameter of the electrode and the spatial position of the seam, it is recommended to set the welding current values (A) indicated in the table.
| Diameter, mm/position of seams | Lower | Vertical | Ceiling |
| 2,0 | 4050 | 3555 | 3555 |
| 2,5 | 5070 | 4065 | 4065 |
| 3,0 | 80100 | 7090 | 7090 |
| 4,0 | 130160 | 130140 | 130140 |
| 5,0 | 180210 | 160180 | – |
Welding of thick parts (joints of rails, large-diameter fittings, etc.) is recommended to be done using the bath method in the lower position of the weld.
Conventional arc welding of metal structures and reinforcement bars is allowed. Such welding is carried out in all of the above spatial positions of the seam using direct current (with reverse polarity) on a short arc.
How to weld stainless steel with UONI-13/55 electrodes
Stainless steel has a number of significant differences from carbon and low-alloy steels. If you do not take them into account, then you can not only get a poor-quality weld, but also deprive the stainless steel of its anti-corrosion properties. Why might this happen? To make further reasoning clear, let us consider the features of welding stainless steel.
Feature of stainless steel welding
Welding stainless steel is a difficult task depending on many factors. This is due to the fact that it contains elements that increase its anti-corrosion properties (chrome, molybdenum, nickel, manganese, titanium and others). Stainless steel, thanks to these elements, and according to the existing classification, belongs to the class of high-alloy steels.
Stainless steel welding is influenced by some properties inherent in high-alloy metals:
- low thermal conductivity. It is 2 times lower in high-alloy steels compared to low-carbon metals. As a result, stainless steel is welded at a reduced welding current;
- the coefficient of linear expansion exceeds that of other metals. Therefore, to avoid deformation, leave a sufficient gap between the thick parts being welded;
When welding steels containing large amounts of chromium, alloy metals lose their anti-corrosion properties. This is explained by the fact that at welding temperature, chromium and iron carbide are formed at the edges of the metal grains. These compounds promote the penetration of corrosion into the metal structure. This process is called intercrystalline corrosion. To prevent loss of corrosion resistance, the welding site must be cooled quickly.
Equipment and consumables for welding stainless steel with “UONI-13/55” electrodes
It is advisable to carry out welding using an inverter. Carrying it out using a rectifier may not provide a stable welding arc. The workplace should be equipped for welding with direct current of reverse polarity. Electrodes should be chosen with a smaller diameter if possible (to heat the metal less). Prepare copper pads for cooling the metal.
Welding stainless steel with “UONI-13/55” electrode.
The process of welding stainless steel using welding electrodes "UONI-13/55"
Before welding, the surfaces of the parts to be welded or their edges are cleaned with a steel brush and washed with a solvent (acetone or gasoline). With their help, fat and oil are removed, which reduce the stability of the arc.
The welded joint must have a gap (stainless steel has a large coefficient of thermal expansion) so that free shrinkage occurs.
The current strength in the inverter when welding stainless steel with “UONI-13/55” electrodes should be reduced by 20% (compared to similar welding of low-alloy steels, the current values of which are indicated in the table). One of the reasons for the decrease in electric current is indicated above. In addition, the decrease in the value of this parameter is caused by the low thermal conductivity of the electrode coating. Using high current can lead to overheating and destruction of their coating.
It should also be taken into account that “UONI-13/55” electrodes melt faster when welding stainless steel than when processing unalloyed steels.
Tightness is the main indicator of a stainless steel weld. Due to the poor thermal conductivity of stainless steel, holes and pores may form in the weld due to boiling of the metal. To avoid this, you should melt the seam less during work. Overheating, as mentioned above, also affects the corrosion resistance of parts. In order to prevent defects, it is necessary to cool them. For this use:
- copper pads;
- for austenitic steel – water.
If you follow all the recommendations, you can, using welding electrodes of the “UONI-13/55” brand, obtain a welding seam of stainless steel parts of acceptable quality.
Source: https://WeldElec.com/svark-elektrodom-uoni-13-35/
We perform welding with UONI electrodes
Welding electrodes Uoni 13/55 are designed for performing manual arc welding in any spatial arrangement, excluding vertical - from top to bottom. For welding work, direct current with reverse polarity is used.
Performance characteristics
The consumable material is used when welding especially critical metal structures made of carbon and low-alloy steels, when high demands are placed on the joints in terms of impact strength and ductility.
Welding electrodes of the UONI 13.55 brand provide the opportunity to obtain high-quality welds in different spatial positions using a constant reverse polarity current.
Application benefits
- When using filler material for welding work, cracks do not form on the welds, and the metal has a low carbon content.
- The reliability and operational efficiency of the product is confirmed by a quality certificate.
- The consumable material can be safely used when performing welding work in conditions of unstable electricity supply.
What designs can be welded?
Using UONI electrodes, you can weld the most critical structures made of low-alloy carbon steels, for example grades 48KS 10ХСН2Д. In this case, stringent requirements for impact strength and ductility are imposed on the weld metal. Products made from such material can be used under conditions of alternating loads and low temperatures.
How to work with UONI brand electrodes?
The parts to be welded must first be cleaned of oily, greasy stains, dirt, and scale. The electrode rods are calcined for an hour at 300 degrees.
- Welding is carried out “herringbone” (small oscillatory movements of the filler wire) from the outside with a short electric arc.
- Beginners in welding are usually intimidated by the electrode sticking to the base metal of the structure. This unpleasant incident can be eliminated by lengthening the welding arc. The most important thing is to feel this moment, and then any home craftsman will be able to easily work with UONI 13/55 welding electrodes.
- After welding the plates on one side, the products are carefully turned over, and they are welded on the reverse side, only in this case the seam is made slowly, without oscillatory movements.
Welding tips
- You need to choose a good manufacturer. To do this, it is worth purchasing a pack of electrodes from different manufacturers and testing them in practice.
- It is necessary to carefully study the instructions for use on the packaging.
- Before performing welding work, electrode rods must be calcined.
- You also need to choose the right welding current.
- You need to test the electrode on a short arc, relying on its coating.
Welding low-alloy, carbon steels
Before welding, it is necessary to clean the surfaces of metal samples to be joined and calcinate the electrodes at 300 degrees for an hour. Welding work must be carried out with a constant current of reverse polarity.
Table: welding current values depending on the diameter of the electrode rod and the spatial position of the weld
Weld position Electrode diameter, cm| 0,2 | 0,25 | 0,3 | 0,4 | 0,5 | |
| lower | 40-50 | 50-70 | 80-100 | 130-160 | 180-210 |
| vertical | 35-55 | 40-65 | 70-90 | 130-140 | 160-180 |
| ceiling | 35-55 | 40-65 | 70-90 | 130-140 | – |
Recommendations from specialists on the selection of welding technology
- It is better to weld fairly thick structural elements using the bath technology in the lower position of the weld.
- Standard arc welding can be used when joining metal structures made of reinforcement. Welding work can be performed in any spatial position of the seam joint with a short arc using a constant current of reverse polarity.
UONI welding electrodes prefer the use of an inverter, since the rectifier cannot provide a stable arc.
It is better to take electrodes with a smaller diameter - they will heat the welded product less. To cool the metal, it is worth preparing copper pads.
Source: https://electrod.biz/oborudovanie/elec/vyipolnyaem-svarku-elektrodami-uoni.html
Electrodes UONI 13/55. Advantages and disadvantages
UONI 13/55 electrodes have earned considerable popularity among the professional community, but welders with little experience often avoid using them. This is due to the tendency of the electrodes to stick to the surface being welded if the welder does not have sufficient manual arc welding skills. Problems with adhesion can be quickly resolved by increasing the arc size; controlling the distance between the electrode and the metal does not require much precision.
Purpose of electrodes UONI 13/55
This brand of welding electrodes is intended for metal structures made of carbon or low-alloy steel. A distinctive characteristic of the weld is high ductility and toughness, which makes it possible to obtain strong welded structures.
Another advantage is the ability to apply welds in any spatial position. Due to their versatility, they are used both in construction and at home.
The only caveat that limits the use of electrodes in everyday life is the need for calcination at a temperature of 300 degrees before welding. It is not always possible to achieve the required temperature.
Main characteristics
Available in diameters from 2 to 6 mm, the electrode rod is made of Sv-08/Sv-08A wire. In order to obtain 1 kg of deposited metal, you will need at least 1.6 kg of UONI 13/55.
Weld parameters
- Carbon, no more than 0.11%
- Manganese, 0.9 to 1.4%
- Silicon, 0.25 to 0.5%
- Sulfur and phosphorus – no more than 0.03% each
The magnitude of the welding current depends on the thickness of the electrode and the spatial orientation of the weld. It varies from 40 to 200 A. A distinctive feature of welding with these electrodes is the high plasticity of the weld when hot; it easily changes its shape even under slight mechanical stress.
How to weld seams with UONI 13/55 electrodes
Source: https://www.zavodsz.ru/blog/elektrody-uoni-1355-preimushhestva-i-nedostatki.html
SSNI electrodes: their properties and characteristics, scope of application, pros and cons
The electrodes that will be discussed can easily be found in many retail outlets. Sellers prefer SSSI among all similar products.
There is more than one type of this brand; there are separate versions specialized for different metals.
What is the difference between these varieties? How to store them? We will answer these questions.
general information
If you need a high level of seam quality when performing manual arc welding, then UONI electrodes are suitable for you.
In order to perform a truly high-quality seam using RDS technology, extensive experience is required, both in the work itself and in the selection of electrodes. Any master will tell you this.
The SSSI brand will easily serve you while you study and gain experience.
What is the difference from other brands? For good operation, you need to set the polarity reversed, then use direct current. The welding temperature is not that important.
The next difference is that SSSI are intended for those people who have been practicing welding for several days. Complete beginners who have been welding relatively recently will not be able to make a good weld the first time.
You need to objectively assess your level of preparation so that there are no problems later.
The rods also differ in their diameter. The most popular among consumers are diameters of three and four millimeters. You will weld most parts with these types.
Those who use the SSSI brand may have noticed that there are several numerical designations. For example, 13/45 or 13/55. What is the difference? Their structure is quite similar, actually.
Only each of them is intended for a different metal. We'll talk more about this in the next chapter.
Varieties
There are four types of SSNI electrodes:
Model 13/45 is used for steel parts. At the same time, the composition of the steel is not so important; it can be anything. You can work with casting using these electrodes.
The seams that are obtained when working with this electrode are very durable and ductile. The composition includes elements such as molybdenum and nickel. Not every species can boast of this.
Electrode 13/55 is designed for welding low-alloy, high-carbon steel. The spatial position for cooking can be any. The exception is the top-down position.
The arc burns unsteadily due to the base coating. But the seam still turns out to be of high quality and stands out for its resistance to cracks.
13/65 will be useful to you for more responsible work. Therefore, it is not advisable for beginners to work with it. Just like the previous one, you can cook with it in any spatial position.
And the quality of the seam stands out for its highest quality among other models.
UONI 13/85 is justified only for ultra-strong alloy steel. Apart from this, this modification has no differences. You can work in any spatial position.
Storage
A high level of quality of seams depends not only on the electrodes themselves and the experience of the master in welding metal. The ability to store rods also plays an important role.
To store electrodes, it is necessary to equip a separate room in which the instrument can be kept for a long time. An important condition for such a room is dry air.
The temperature must be kept at a stable level. A more acceptable value is 15 degrees. For such conditions, an air conditioning system is usually used.
If you plan to store in a basement or garage, take care of waterproofing. Excess moisture can damage the electrodes. Such conditions can be difficult to create at home. How can you save on storage?
Try to always keep the electrodes in a heated room. If storage takes place in a garage, then it is advisable to take the electrodes into the house for the winter. The warehouse should always be dark and dry.
Clear out the top shelves of the closet or the mezzanine for these purposes. If it is possible to install heating in the garage, then it is worth putting the tools in a special case. It can be made at home by taking an appropriate plastic pipe.
It is strictly forbidden to store on the ground or in the grass. It doesn't matter whether they are stored in a box or lying outside. A box is not a good place to store it. She is fragile and unreliable. The packaging can only be used for transportation.
If the rods are saturated with moisture, it is necessary to calcinate them using an electric oven and keep them in this state for one hour. Have the electrodes started to crumble? There's nothing you can do about it. Remember the storage rules and follow them carefully.
Results and conclusions
That's all. We haven't talked about everything. For example, how the electrodes are welded and deciphered. But these are big topics that deserve separate articles.
We have provided only basic information about SSSI products to make it easier for you to select the rods you need. Don't forget to ask for all the necessary documentation when you select tools.
What do you know about UONI brand electrodes? Have you ever used them? What models have you worked with? Share these stories in the comments. Productivity at work!
Source: https://prosvarku.info/elektrody/elektrody-ot-uoni
What is the difference between UONI 13/55 electrodes and 13/45, 13/65 and 13/85
What is the difference between electrodes UONI 13/55 and 13/45
Electrodes UONI 13/55 and 13/45 are designed for welding critical metal structures with negative sequence direct current. Of the variety of electrodes, UONI electrodes have a number of undeniable advantages, one of which is welding work at low temperatures.
Today there are several brands of UONI electrodes: 13/45, 13/55, 13/65 and 13/85. What exactly is their difference, other than their use in manual arc welding? How do UONI 13/45 electrodes differ from the same electrodes, but only marked 13/55 or 13/65?
What welding are UONI electrodes intended for?
UONI electrodes are designed for manual arc welding (MMA). You need to cook the SSNI electrodes in the reverse order and at constant current. Any welding inverter for manual arc welding is suitable for working with this type of electrodes.
The main purpose of UONI electrodes is welding carbon and low-alloy steels. Due to their characteristics, these electrodes are used for welding critical structures, since they are able to provide a strong and reliable weld, even at subzero temperatures.
UONI welding electrodes are available in various diameters, from two to five millimeters. When choosing the diameter of the electrodes for welding, be sure to take into account the current strength, and it increases according to the diameter of the electrode.
What is the difference between electrodes UONI 13/55 and 13/45
Previously, on the site about manual arc welding mmasvarka.ru, it was already talked about what exactly is the difference between UONI electrodes and MP-3. You can find this information in the previous site review.
As for the differences between the electrodes UONI 13/45 and 13/55, as well as their other brands, they are as follows:
UONI 13/45 electrodes are intended for welding steel, forgings and castings. A weld using 13/45 electrodes is distinguished not only by impact strength, but also by ductility. The electrode coating UONI 13/45, unlike others, contains molybdenum and nickel.
UONI 13/55 electrodes are used for welding channels, T-joints, products made of low-alloy and high-carbon steels. The main coating of 13/55 electrodes consists of: sulfur, silicon, manganese, carbon and phosphorus, so the welding seam is very stable and durable, with a low percentage of microcracks.
Electrodes UONI 13/65 - electrodes of this brand can be welded in any position, and their main purpose is welding critical metal structures. The quality of the welding seam with 13/65 electrodes, like all previous brands, is distinguished by its high characteristics.
UONI 13/85 electrodes are used for welding metal structures made of high strength alloy steel.
As you can see, there are no fundamental differences in the characteristics of the UONI 13/45, 13/55, 13/65 and 13/85 electrodes, but they still exist. And, as you know, in manual arc welding any errors are unacceptable, so the choice of consumables should be approached with great caution.
Source: https://mmasvarka.ru/chem-otlichayutsya-elektrody-uoni-1355-ot-1345.html
