How to properly solder wires together

How to solder without a soldering iron: wire, board, contacts

Soldering technology is often used to join various alloys and metals. It involves the use of special equipment that is capable of providing a targeted thermal effect. In the absence of a soldering iron, soldering can also be carried out, for which special tools are used, for example, a soldering iron. Let us consider the features of such a process in more detail.

How to solder without a soldering iron

Using a homemade sting

To save money, many craftsmen decide to create a homemade tip. The operating principle of the soldering iron is quite simple:

1. There is a heating element that receives power from the power supply.
2. Heat is transferred to the sting, which has a pointed shape.
3. When the tip comes into contact with the material being processed, it heats up and becomes plastic.

You can make a homemade design as follows:

1. A piece of copper wire is required, which has a diameter of about 0.5 cm. A conductor can be used as a tip, one end of which is sharpened at an angle of 45 degrees. A small piece of fabric that is temperature resistant is also required.
2. One end of the cable is insulated. It will be used as a handle. Fiberglass is often used as an insulating material. Fixation is carried out using heat-resistant glue.

Homemade sting

Soldering without a soldering iron can be carried out using a fire source, for example, a gas stove. Using fire, the tip is heated, after which you need to touch the solder or rosin. Due to the use of a special material, the tip will become tinned and the tip can be used as a soldering iron.

Solder the garland using improvised means

Problems often arise with garlands that are used to decorate a home or tree. Due to the use of thin wires, they are often interrupted and soldering is required. Among the features of this work, we note the following points:

1. In most cases, the problem occurs in the control unit, since the wires are not attached securely.
2. A breakthrough may occur along the entire length of the product.
3. If all light sources are connected in parallel, then the failure of only one leads to an open circuit of the entire circuit.

It’s quite easy to find loose contacts, but a break is only possible when using a tester. Only after finding the break point can you start soldering. You can solder without a soldering iron as follows:

1. The broken wires should be cleaned.
2. You can make a small twist on which the paste is applied. It will be used to distribute the alloy used.
3. The next step is to melt the solder, which can be done using a lighter or a candle.
4. After this, the junction is isolated using a tube, which is also slightly heated to increase its ductility.

Similar technology can be used to restore the condition of headphones. The soldering procedure does not take much time.

Soldering wires without using a soldering iron

Wires are prone to breakage. You can solder a wire without a soldering iron if you take into account several recommendations:

1. To begin with, the break point is located and the ends are cleaned.
2. After this, the wires are twisted together to create a strong connection.
3. The area being treated should be slightly warmed up. To do this, you can use a lighter or other heat source.
4. The solder is also heated to a plastic state, after which it is applied to the joint.

When working with large-section wires, you should grind the solder and sprinkle it on the surface, then heat the surface with a candle or lighter. In this case, the solder fills the free space, thereby ensuring reliable contact. When considering how to solder without a soldering iron, you should take into account the fact that only wires with a diameter of 2 mm can be processed in this way.

Soldering wires without a soldering iron

If you need to solder a flat element, then the parts are pre-tinned. At the time of soldering, the core is pressed and sprinkled with shavings of the selected alloy, after which the surface is heated.

In general, we can say that the soldering procedure without the use of a special device is in many ways no different from the usual one. For this you may need the following materials:

1. Solder directly.
2. A restrictive element that will prevent the metal from spreading.

In addition, you need to pay attention to the process of cleaning the surface being treated. It is recommended to clean it of dirt and then degrease it.

If you need to process wires with a diameter of up to 3 mm, you can do without a soldering iron; grooves are used for this. They can be made from aluminum foil, the thickness of which is 0.8 mm. Recommendations for soldering at home in this case are as follows:

1. Insulating materials are removed.
2. The damaged ends should be twisted together and then laid parallel.
3. A groove is made from foil that will cover the joint. It is used for solder distribution. It is recommended to use shavings.
4. The foil trough is heated with a candle or lighter. In this case, you need to be careful, as molten metal may leak out and cause burns. When working, it is recommended to use pliers.

If necessary, solder that has leaked out can be protected with sandpaper. The use of foil significantly increases the degree of insulation.

Soldering utensils or containers

Often there is a need to carry packs of dishes and other containers. Without a suitable soldering iron, work can only be done if the hole has a diameter of 6 mm. Among the features of the procedure, we note the following points:

1. POS60 is used as solder. This alloy is characterized by more attractive performance characteristics; the created patch can withstand significant mechanical stress.
2. The area around the defect is cleaned. It is recommended to create a surface that resembles a funnel.
3. Treatment is carried out using hydrochloric acid. It is able to remove all contaminants from the surface being treated.
4. It is recommended to place a plate on the reverse side that will prevent solder from leaking out. After the alloy hardens, the plate is removed.

Solder POS-60 1mm

As before, the solder should be made with shavings that fill the hole. After this, the problem area is heated using a lamp or other heat source.

Solder paste for soldering without a soldering iron; application features

There is a special paste on sale that can be used as solder. In addition, you can make it yourself. Among the features of the work carried out, we note the following points:

1. The area being treated is cleaned. The insulation is removed from each wire. After this, it is necessary to degrease, since soot may remain on the surface of the veins.
2. Using a brush or other similar tool, apply the paste. It is worth considering that it must be distributed evenly over the entire surface of the connection. The brush is selected depending on the cross-section of the wire.
3. The area where the paste was applied heats up. To heat up the solder, a hair dryer or a homemade sting or a regular lighter can be used as a heater. It is necessary to ensure that the substance does not boil, as this can lead to a change in its basic properties.

Soldering paste without a soldering iron

The composition of the paste you create yourself may vary somewhat depending on the area of ​​application. After exposure to high temperature, the paste becomes a solid material that is resistant to mechanical and other stress.

Foil as a soldering method

The soldering method using foil is characterized by practicality. Typically, it only takes 5 minutes to restore the connection. Foil can be used as solder, which is unwound over the entire area and heated to a high temperature. Due to this, the plasticity of the material increases significantly; after cooling, it hardens.

Foil can be used in a variety of cases. An example is damage to the board or wire connection. Among the features of the work carried out, we note the following points:

1. Standard contact preparation is carried out.
2. The ends are twisted to form a joint. Due to this, the reliability of the connection is significantly increased.
3. The required amount of foil is cut off, the junction is wrapped in several skeins.

After this, uniform heating is carried out using a hair dryer or other heat source. When exposed to heat, the surface of the foil quickly becomes soft and plastic; after heating stops, it quickly cools and hardens, providing the required degree of sealing and strength.

In conclusion, we note that without a soldering iron it is almost impossible to carry out jewelry work, as well as soldering circuit boards. This is due to the lack of possibility of directed heat exposure. However, in some cases a soldering iron and other tools are not required.

Source: https://stankiexpert.ru/spravochnik/svarka/kak-pripayat-bez-payalnika-provod-platu-kontakty.html

How to solder correctly with a soldering iron and rosin. Part 2

Hello dear readers of the site sesaga.ru. In the first part of the article, we looked at how to solder correctly with a soldering iron and decided what kind of soldering iron is needed, what is needed for soldering and what the soldering iron tip should be. Now you can proceed directly to practice, namely, soldering wires .

Preparing the wire for soldering

First you need to prepare small pieces of copper wire of different diameters. On them we will learn the technique of servicing and connecting conductors by soldering. Everyone starts with this, so you are not the first and not the last. The ability to properly tin and then solder is the basis of radio engineering, and this is your first task.

We remove the insulation from the places of the wires intended for soldering and carefully clean them with the tip of a knife until they shine, that is, we clean them from the oxide film that has formed over time.

If the wire is multi-stranded, then slightly fluff the strands, carefully strip them, and then twist them back into a tight twist with tweezers or pliers, and go through them again with a knife.

Now the wire is completely prepared for soldering, and you can start tinning it.

Cover the wire with solder

We touch the rosin with the stripped end of the wire and begin to heat it with a soldering iron, slightly drowning it in the rosin. The rosin melts and covers the surface of the wire.

As soon as the end of the wire is covered with rosin, immediately remove it.
Now we take a little solder on the tip of the soldering iron tip and begin to move it along the wire from all sides so that the solder spreads over the surface.

If everything was done correctly, you will immediately see how the solder has covered the entire surface of the wire.

We solder the wires together

To solder tinned wires, they must be pressed tightly against each other , and a soldering iron with a drop of solder must be applied to the place of their contact.
As soon as the soldering area warms up, the solder will spread over the entire surface, filling the gaps between the wires. We remove the soldering iron and wait for the solder to harden. This usually takes a few seconds. Try not to move the wires while the solder is solidifying, otherwise the connection will not be strong or will not work at all .

If the surfaces to be soldered are large and the solder has not completely covered them, wait until it hardens, take a little more solder on the soldering iron and repeat the tinning procedure again.
And don’t try to apply solder like butter on bread; you will use a lot of solder, but you still won’t get strength and beauty. High-quality soldering can be considered one in which the solder does not lie in a lump, but in a thin layer flows around the soldering area on all sides.

Please note that solder and rosin vapors affect the mucous membrane of the eyes and nasopharynx, so you need to solder in a ventilated area.

Rosin has another unpleasant problem - when it melts, it produces a lot of smoke. I recommend that you do the following. Take a small glass bottle with a lid, for example, from a pill bottle, and fill it one third with powdered rosin.

Now fill the bottle with ethyl alcohol, and as soon as the rosin dissolves, you will have an excellent flux that you can use to cover not only the conductor terminals, but also the traces of printed circuit boards.

It is convenient to apply flux to the tracks using the tip of a thin flat screwdriver.

Even if you solder once a week, but devote 1-2 hours to this activity, I think that the question of how to solder correctly with a soldering iron should itself disappear.

In this regard, in the third part of the article, the adjustable power supply in the second and third videos shows the process of soldering radio components and conductors onto a printed circuit board.

But in any case: practice, practice and more practice.
And only then will you be able to solder any thing in any conditions, and always be familiar with the soldering iron. Good luck!

Source: https://sesaga.ru/kak-pravilno-payat-payalnikom-s-kanifolyu-chast-2.html

What is better: twisting or soldering wires?

There is wiring in every house. And the correct connection of wires is part of the safety of the electrical network and its trouble-free operation.

Installation of electrical wiring in an apartment or cottage involves connecting the wires of distribution boxes and switchboards. The safety of the electrical network and its trouble-free operation depend on how correctly and efficiently all connections are made.

Correct connection of electrical wires

 
Methods for connecting electrical wires

Electricians use the following methods for connecting wires:

• twisted;
• soldering;
• using terminal blocks;
• crimping;
• with bolts;
• plastic PPE;
• “Wago” – spring terminals;
• "nuts" made of plastic.

The choice depends:

• from the material of the wire (cable) cores;
• on the operating conditions of the electrical network (external or internal wiring, hidden or laid openly);
• from the cross-section of the connected conductors;
• on the number of cores in one connection.

The connection of the distribution box wires must be made in such a way as to ensure reliable contact and avoid heating the wires. Here is an overview of the above methods for connecting current-carrying conductors.

 
Features of using terminal blocks to connect electrical wires

 
The terminal block consists of a plastic housing, a brass or copper bushing with threads and screws located on both sides.

This device allows you to:

• save on electrical equipment: the terminal block is cheaper than other connectors;
• connect the wires securely;
• connect cores of dissimilar metals (copper with aluminum);
• reduce installation time.

Disadvantages of terminal connectors:

• unsuitability for connecting more than two conductors;
• difficulties when connecting aluminum conductors: if the screw is over-tightened, the metal may break;
• unsuitable for use with multi-core wires.

The connection of electrical wires in the terminal block is carried out as follows.

The outer insulation is partially removed from the cables and the cores are exposed. The length of the bare conductor depends on the size of the terminal.

The length of the wire section without insulation is checked, for which you need to unscrew the terminal screw and insert the core completely into the hole. The excess is cut off with side cutters.

To improve contact, the copper wire is tinned. The connected cores are inserted into the terminals one by one and clamped with screws in several stages.

The reliability of the connection is checked.

Tip: in order to remove the insulation without damaging the core, it is recommended to use a special tool. If this is not available, only the surface layer of insulation is cut in a circle with a sharp knife, after which the wire should be bent along the cut line. After breaking, the insulation is removed with a light movement of pliers.

 
We use spring terminals to connect electrical wires

The connection of conductors with spring terminals is carried out using springs that press the contact plate to the metal of the core. The mechanism is driven by a special lever.

Wago type terminal connector

The Wago technology has a number of advantages over other installation methods:

• allows you to connect aluminum wires with copper;
• can be used to connect more than two wires;
• allow you to switch wires in small junction boxes;
• installation is carried out efficiently and in the shortest possible time;
• conductor cores are not damaged;
• After installation, it is possible to check the continuity of the circuit using a device probe or indicator through a hole in the housing.

In order to connect the wires using Wago terminals, it is necessary to remove the insulation so that the exposed wires are not visible, then insert the wires into the connector sockets and press the levers until they stop.

Note: Wago spring terminals are available in reusable and disposable versions. The latter, if it is necessary to repair the connection, are cut off, after which new connectors are installed.

Connecting conductors using PPE caps

The PPE cap is screwed onto the connection clockwise

The abbreviation PPE means “connecting insulating clamps”. The connector is designed as a spring located in a plastic housing. The spring securely holds the wires together, which creates reliable contact. Advantages of this method:

• the ability to mark wires using colored caps: the “phase” conductors connect red PPE, “zero” – blue or white, “ground” – yellow or green;
• fire protection: connector bodies are made of non-flammable plastic.

Important: connecting copper and aluminum wires using PPE is not allowed.

Crimping with sleeves

Connecting conductor cores with sleeves

The method consists of putting a metal tube (sleeve) on the cores freed from insulation, which is crimped with press pliers. As a result, the conductors are tightly connected to each other. The connection point is isolated.

Important: connections of aluminum and copper conductors may only be made using sleeves specially designed for this purpose.

Welding or soldering technology allows you to obtain a reliable connection of wires

The disadvantage of this method is the inability to monitor the integrity of the network after installation and isolation, as well as the non-repairability of such a connection. Additionally, a DIY soldering torch is dangerous to use.

An alternative to soldering wires is to weld them. The process involves the use of a welding machine.

 
Wire welding technology

When connecting copper wires this way, it is recommended that you try out a DIY copper wire soldering transformer before you begin. It is important to know that copper is smelted at a temperature of 1080 °C, but above 300 °C this metal becomes brittle.

In the absence of a special soldering device, use a conventional inverter welding machine. The step-by-step process of welding wires is as follows.

Up to 10 cm of insulation is removed from the ends of the wires.
The cores of the connected wires are tightly twisted together. The result should be twists approximately 5 cm long.

The ground cable of the inverter apparatus is connected to the twist closer to its beginning.
The current adjustment knob is set in the position from 30 to 90 A (at a voltage of 12 - 36 V): the value is selected depending on the cross-section of the wire and their number.

The carbon electrode of the welding machine briefly (no more than 2 s) touches the twist so that an arc is formed. As a result, a welded monolithic joint is formed at the tip of the twist. After complete cooling, the connection is insulated with heat shrink tubing or adhesive tape.

At the ends of the cores connected by welding, a monolithic alloy is formed

Connecting electrical wires by soldering

Soldering copper wires is an old, proven method that allows you to obtain a reliable electrical connection. The technology allows the installation of monolithic and stranded wires of various sections. There can be several conductors in one connection.

The work is performed using the following technology.

The insulation is removed from the ends of the connected conductors using a special device (approximately 5 cm).
The strands are tightly twisted together manually or using pliers (depending on the number of strands and their sections).

The twist is treated with flux or rosin.
This is necessary to improve the quality of soldering. On an open fire (using a gas burner or a gasoline blowtorch), a cup soldering iron (futorka) is heated red-hot. The cup of the futor is filled to the brim with tin-lead solder grade POS 30, POS 40 or POS 61.

The solder is heated to the point of fluidity.
The twist is briefly (up to 1 second) completely dipped into the futor cup, as a result of which the solder should completely cover the exposed wires.

After natural cooling, the twist is insulated with PVC adhesive tape or a plastic cap.
Important: soldering of wires should be done with safety glasses and tarpaulin gloves. During work, fire safety rules must be observed.

Soldering copper wires is performed as shown in the video.

Connecting wires with simple twisting

Wire connection diagrams in a distribution box for low-power electrical networks can be implemented by simple twisting without the use of additional fixing means. In this case, it is important that the twisting step is as small as possible, and its length is at least 20 mm. Only cores made of homogeneous metals are connected in this way: copper - with copper, aluminum - with aluminum.

It is not allowed to use this installation method in damp rooms and in wooden houses.

After twisting, the wire connection should look as shown in the photo

Walnut clamp

For connecting wires with a cross-section of 4 square meters. mm and it is more convenient to use a “walnut” clamp. It consists of a pair of specially shaped plates that are pressed together with screws at the corners. Advantages of the method:

• ease of connection;
• the ability to connect copper conductors with aluminum ones;
• comparative cheapness of materials.

Important: the “walnut” clamp is not used in distribution boxes (dimensions do not allow). To ensure reliable contact, the screws must be tightened from time to time.

Using a bolted connection to connect electrical wires
To connect large cross-section wires, as well as to install grounding elements in an electrical panel, a bolted connection is used. The ends of the wires, freed from insulation, are screwed onto the bolt threads in a clockwise direction. The connection is pressed with a washer with an engraver and a nut, after which the bolt is isolated.

Source: https://rem-serv.com/chto-luchshe-skrutka-ili-payka-provodov/

How to solder two wires together with a soldering iron

In order to solder a wire to a wire, you need to purchase several tools and materials at once, such as:

1. Flux is a means for cleaning the surface of oxidized metal. There are:
2. acidic;
3. anti-corrosion;
4. acid-free;
5. activated;
6. Solder is an alloy of tin and lead.
7. Workplace (clean, spacious table, metal sheets or wooden boards can be used as a lining).
8. Soldering iron (the tip must be clean, without any residue of old rosin)
9. A rag or sponge to clean the tip.

When soldering wires, you should follow a number of rules that will help you solder wires correctly and quickly:

1. You need to work in a well-lit room with a desk lamp that runs from external power sources.
2. You should only work with voltage-free wires.
3. There are a number of connection types , each suitable for a different soldering category.
4. In addition, there are a number of metals that are not suitable for soldering. These include rusty metal (it does not connect well when soldered, and a wire with such a core has a high probability of burning), aluminum (after the process of stripping the wire is completed, there is a possibility of the formation of a so-called oxide film on it). This problem is typical for aluminum: when melting this metal, an oxide film is formed in 100% of cases. This film can be removed by chemical or mechanical means, which will be selected based on the soldering method. In order to avoid its formation, you need to use flux, which is designed for soldering the materials you need, chrome-plated parts, parts made under high pressure (do not melt or fuse with solder).
5. Metals that are suitable for soldering: tin, silver, copper, brass, zinc, nickel, iron, stainless steel.

If all the rules are followed and the tools are collected, then you can proceed to the preparation process:

1. Heating the soldering iron - the soldering iron must be heated to a temperature that will exceed the temperature of the solder.
2. Preparing the soldering iron - the soldering iron tip must be cleaned and then dipped in flux. Flux is rosin or other substance that helps clean metal. After that, you need to heat the solder and apply it to the tip.
3. Expose the wires. This procedure is quite simple to perform. There are 2 types of wires - single-core and stranded. In both cases, it is necessary to strip the wires of insulation, after which the wires need to be cleaned of various contaminants. If you need to clean wires that have limited access, you can use cotton swabs.

Step-by-step instructions for the soldering process

Let's look at the instructions for the soldering process using the example of fastening 2 copper wires.

If all preparation steps have been completed, then you can proceed directly to the soldering process:

1. The first thing to do is tin the wires. When tinning multi-core wires, you need to twist them first, then the process will happen much faster.
2. To tinning wires , you need to take a bare wire, put it on rosin or treat it with another flux, after which you need to carefully pour solder on top of it.
3. Fix the wires - sometimes special machines are used for this, sometimes home-made structures. If you incorrectly fixed the wires, the soldering process may not end well.
4. Connection – at this stage we connect 2 pre-treated wires and coat them with solder. In order to carry out this process, you need to melt a little solder with the heated part of the soldering tool, and then carefully apply it to the connection of the two wires.
5. Cleaning the connection - at the end of the soldering process, it is necessary to clean the junction of the wires; this can be done with sandpaper or a file. A very important process, since if there is oxidation at this location, the wires may burn.
6. Insulation winding - most often insulating tape is used for these purposes; it is the most versatile option. Its advantages are that it is easily accessible, can be purchased at any store, is easy to use, there is nothing difficult in wrapping the wire with electrical tape, it is durable, you can not change it for a long time.'

if the wire is clean and made of copper, then tinning will occur instantly

How to unsolder the wire?

Instructions:

1. First you need to prepare a soldering iron. It is necessary to warm up the tool, then treat it with flux, and then carefully melt a small amount of solder.
2. After this, strip the required part of the wire of insulation and clean it of mechanical contaminants.
3. Wire tinning – it is necessary to apply flux to the wire and remove all oxidation.
4. Secure the wire.
5. Mark the desoldering area - use a file to cut out a small strip along which the tip will move.
6. Carefully move the sting along the marked line several times until you achieve the result.
7. Wait until the wire cools to room temperature.
8. Apply insulation.

This process does not involve any difficulties, the only thing required is to follow the instructions, the desoldering process is not much different from the process of soldering two wires.

Soldering iron selection

So, let's start with the fact that the soldering iron is the most basic part of the soldering process. The speed and ease of doing the job depends on the correct choice of this tool.

Electric soldering irons are divided into 2 types:

1. Spiral. Spiral ones heat up slowly, but are more durable.
2. Ceramic. Ceramic ones, in turn, heat up quickly, but require careful use, as they are very susceptible to mechanical stress.

Also, the device is divided by power:

• 3-10 W, mainly used when desoldering microcircuits of very tiny sizes;
• 20-40 W, in demand among radio amateurs and at home;
• 60-100 W, with their help solder wires with a large cross-section;
• 100-250 W, for working with large-sized metal;

Mostly, experienced soldering stations use soldering stations as they are equipped with an adjustable heating range and are able to maintain a constant temperature. A soldering station in the hands of a master greatly speeds up and improves the work process, but a beginner, unfortunately, will not be able to feel the benefits.

Source: https://vi-pole.ru/kak-spajat-dva-provoda-mezhdu-soboj-pajalnikom.html

Do I need to protect and insulate the solder on the board and wires?

Category: Articles 01/18/2020 · : 0 · Reading time: 4 min · Views:

This question worries many novice radio amateurs. In this article we will take a closer look at whether it is necessary to isolate the solder on the board.

Of course, ideally it is desirable to isolate the solder from the external environment. However, in reality, you first need to assess the situation and the feasibility of isolation.

Why is insulation needed?

One of the reasons is to eliminate a possible short circuit in a section of the circuit. This can happen either accidentally (moisture ingress) or predictably (bare wires touching each other)

Wires must always be insulated. After soldering the wires, be sure to isolate the soldering area from the external environment using heat shrink or electrical tape. For example, after repairing headphones, the wires may short-circuit with each other, and the sound will begin to disappear. Or the power plug has been soldered. And if you do not insulate the network wires, you can accidentally get an electric shock. Therefore, wire insulation is necessary in any case.

Another thing is printed circuit boards. And here it all depends on its purpose. For example, there are devices that are installed outdoors or in extreme conditions. They have more stringent assembly and fault tolerance requirements. All boards must be reliably insulated from moisture, condensation and overheating.

Insulation is needed not only to provide a short circuit, but also to protect the solder from external influences and air oxidation.

Increased contact strength

Another example of why you need to cover the solder and the repair area with insulating material is to increase the contact strength. Usually, when repairing connectors or cables, a radical option for strengthening the contact is used. It's a mixture of baking soda and superglue. You can also use a compound that hardens with hot air and epoxy resin.

Such methods are used only to strengthen contact when fastening points, part of the board are missing, or there is serious damage to the part.

When a torn cable is repaired, it can also be further strengthened with a solution of soda and superglue. But be careful and careful with this method - superglue and epoxy resin eat into the surface of the material, and it will not be possible to remove them later for repeated repairs.

How can you insulate solder?

There are three methods:

1. Solder mask;
2. Insulating varnish;
3. Protective flux.

Solder mask is widely used among cell phone and laptop repair technicians. They use a mask to isolate thin wires, or traces, from each other.

The mask hardens under ultraviolet light. It is applied to the surface and hardens in 5-10 minutes under the rays of an ultraviolet flashlight. It comes in different colors: green, yellow, blue, red, etc.

Insulating varnish is usually colorless. Apply a thin layer to the contact. It has a pungent odor, so you should work in a ventilated area. The time for complete hardening varies depending on the manufacturer. Complete hardening can take either 6 hours or 24 hours.

Protective flux is the simplest option. After soldering, you don’t have to remove it; it has high resistance and hardens over time.

Previously, during electronics production, a simple method of coating circuit boards from external influences was used. It is a mixture of rosin and alcohol. It securely covers the solder layer. However, this is not a perfect method, but it works.

When is insulation needed?

When it so happens that there are a lot of thin wires on the board that are not isolated from each other, then insulating them is very desirable.

If during the repair of the power supply you replaced a couple of capacitors, then there will be nothing wrong if you leave the solder section without insulation after soldering.

Of course, if the power supply is not used in rooms with high humidity or outdoors.

When making homemade boards, the principle is the same.

Do you plan to use the device outdoors and don’t have thin, uninsulated wires? This means that solder protection on the board is not needed. Even regular rosin is enough. The main thing on homemade boards is the absence of metal debris and excess solder on the parts.

Another example during repair of a smartphone microphone. The microphone is soldered with only two wires to the board. Is solder insulation necessary? It is not advisable at all.

Bottom line

Wires almost always need to be insulated. Whether to isolate the solder on the board depends on the situation and feasibility.

Source: https://tyt-sxemi.ru/izolyaciya-pripoya/

How to solder two wires - How to solder wires and correctly solder two wires together with a soldering iron

Soldering wires with a soldering iron is not difficult, so even an inexperienced electrician can handle this method of connecting copper wires. Next, we will tell you how to properly solder wires in a distribution box - the place where electrical wiring is carried out in rooms.

The technology will be provided step by step, with pictures and video examples, so that you can more clearly understand how to solder two wires together. We immediately draw your attention to the fact that we will tell you how to solder copper wires. This is due to the fact that aluminum conductors are practically no longer used at home.

GOST standards recommend avoiding the connection of different non-ferrous metals (aluminum and copper conductors), so the only safe option for a private house and apartment is to solder the copper cable cores.

Step 1 – Prepare the tool

First, you need to prepare a soldering iron for soldering wires with your own hands. All that is required is to thoroughly clean the tip from solder residues or other possible contaminants.

For this you can use a regular file. In addition, you must prepare solder and flux, without which you will not be able to solder wires with a soldering iron. As for solder, in order to solder the wires, you can use either an alloy of tin and lead, or a special thread, as shown in the photo below.

Flux is necessary so that during soldering the solder evenly covers the materials being soldered. In addition, flux removes the oxide film from copper conductors, which significantly impairs the reliability of the connection. As a flux, you can use either rosin or special soldering acid. Both options are popular among craftsmen.

Another important stage of preparation is creating a suitable workplace. You should have an outlet and a stand for a soldering iron nearby so that the technology of soldering wires with your own hands is safe.

By the way, you can make a soldering iron with your own hands, which will not take much time and effort. A homemade device will serve you for quite a long time, as you can see for yourself!

Step 2 – Tinning

So, if you need to solder two power wires together, then first of all you must remove the polyethylene insulation and tin the exposed wires, especially if they are very thin.

Before soldering, the stranded conductor is first twisted and then treated with flux, on top of which a thin layer of heated solder is applied.

Before soldering, be sure to prepare the tip of the soldering iron - dip it in flux (in the same rosin as shown in the photo), and then in tin so that the tip is covered with a small layer of solder.

Tinning wires for soldering is quite simple - first you must place the bare wire on the rosin, then heat this place with a soldering iron so that the wires are immersed in the flux. After this, you need to take it out and treat it evenly on all sides with solder.

To properly apply the heated tin-lead alloy to the surface, twist the wire in your hands while tinning. If you need to connect the wires in a junction box, for convenience, you can use acid instead of rosin.

It is enough to simply apply it with a brush to the surface that you need to solder.

If the conductors have a large cross-section (thick), tinning is performed in a similar way. The only difference is that you do not need to pre-twist the cores, like a stranded conductor.

After you have completed the tinning, you can move on to the soldering process. We immediately draw your attention to the fact that it is necessary to carry out work only when the electricity is turned off. Soldering live wires is strictly prohibited!

Step 3 – Solder the wires

Well, the last thing left is to solder the two prepared wires in the junction box. All you need to do is twist or overlap the wires and heat the joint with a soldering iron. The solder will melt and after it hardens, it will reliably connect the electrical conductors. We discussed tips for connecting wires by soldering in a junction box separately.

An important point - do not move the wires during soldering, otherwise the connection will not be reliable enough.

It should also be noted that preliminary tinning does not need to be done, but simply twist the wires together in a junction box, treat them with flux and solder them properly. However, we do not recommend you soldering this way, because in this case the connection will be much worse.

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Why it’s better not to solder wires in a car - what to do

Additional electronic equipment in a car is connected by wires using twists. Even experienced auto electricians try not to solder wiring on electrical appliances, as this is quite dangerous.

Why is soldering dangerous?

There are several negative aspects when soldering electrical wiring can be dangerous:

• soldering on an electrical wire that constantly vibrates when moving may fall off;
• microcracks appear, which often cause short circuits and fires in the car.

Inexperienced repairmen connect twisted wiring with a regular soldering iron and wrap the soldering area with electrical tape. Water gets under the insulation and destroys the soldering. After this, the contact disappears and the connection is broken.

There is also a risk of fire when working with a soldering iron inside a car - one wrong move and the dashboard can melt and catch fire.

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What kind of soldering of electrical wires can be used in a car?

Experienced auto electricians say that in rare cases it is still possible to solder auto wiring, but this must be done with a special soldering iron and not use electrical tape, but use soldering or heat shrink.

This is a complex method, but it guarantees safety and reliability. Electrical wires connected using heat shrink do not oxidize or break, maintaining good contact at all times.

The principle of this method:

• a solder is put on one end of the electrical wire;
• the veins are twisted together;
• the solder is pulled onto the twist and heated with a hair dryer until solder appears;
• when the solder becomes liquid and plastic, heating must be stopped;
• the tube will tightly grip the connection and prevent moisture from entering it.

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It's better to twist

For power cables and headlights, soldering is the best option, but for low-current electrical wires it is necessary to twist them correctly.

The twisted areas must be well insulated and tied to the main harness to prevent unnecessary vibration.

You need to twist the wires in a certain way:

1. It is good to clean and level the metal conductors. Strip the braid at a distance of 1.5-2 cm from the junction.

   You can use a stationery knife, but you need to do the work carefully without damaging the thin veins.

2. After straightening, the veins should look like a broom.
3. We connect the 2 metal ends so that the wires are mixed.
4. With our hands we tightly twist the wires together along the entire length.
5. We tightly insulate and seal.
6. We put heat shrink on the connection.

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Every driver should learn how to make correct twists and solder only power cables. The ideal option is crimping, which securely holds the wires together and does not require a soldering iron.

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Source: https://lada-xray2.ru/sovet/pocemu-v-mashine-lucse-ne-paat-provoda