What is metal riveting

Types of Rivets and what are they most often used for? Characteristics +

The scope of use of such a fastening element as a rivet is so vast that it is impossible to remember a single technological industry where it is not used.

Traction rivets, for example, are used for fastening delicate materials, forming completely closed combinations, reliable connections, etc. such industries as: aviation, production of cabinet and upholstered furniture, boats and their repair, ventilation systems, construction, mechanical engineering and even children's playgrounds with attractions, it is impossible to imagine without rivets.

In this article we will talk about the main types of rivets, their technological characteristics, scope of application and fastening methods. Find out the features of blind, threaded, aluminum, steel, screw, nut, and stainless steel rivets.

What are open, closed, reinforced, petal, spacer, multi-clamp, terminal cassette and plastic rivets?

Rivets as a fastening element

They are created in order to facilitate work and reduce production costs. In addition, the rivet has a number of technological characteristics that make it irreplaceable and reliable. Let's look at the main types of rivets and their characteristics.

Blind rivets open

This rivet is of the standard type. Its body has a through hole, so it resembles a hollow rivet. The main difference from the hollow one is that after riveting, the head remains in the body of the rivet, as part of the return head.

The scope of application of this rivet is where there are no strict requirements for strength and reliability, the thickness of the materials varies, and the sizes of the holes vary slightly. These rivets are the most popular on the fastener market.

Blind rivets closed

This type of fastener is often used to connect materials that require increased tightness. The body of the rivet does not have a through hole, which in turn makes it possible to create a reversible head that seals the hole.

Based on this, such rivets have a second name - closed rivets. A tight connection prevents moisture, dust and dirt from penetrating inside. If you use additional gaskets, you can make the connection completely sealed.

Reinforced rivets

This type of fastener is intended for fastening with an increased strength limit. The force coefficient applied to stretching and shearing is significantly higher than that of a standard rivet. Therefore, the resulting connections are very reliable.

The reversible head, which is formed during riveting, securely connects the components and creates a strong connection that is not subject to vibration. This type of rivet is most often used in the mechanical engineering, aviation, etc. industries.

, that is, those where a strong connection of structures is required.

Flap rivets

These rivets are suitable for joining plastic materials: wooden boards, plastic, chipboard, etc.

When riveting, the rod opens the body of the rivet into petals, which, when bent, encounter the surface of the materials being joined.

Thus, a reverse head is formed. the task of this type of head is to ensure maximum contact area and correct load distribution.

The head does not plunge into the material, remaining in its place.

Expansion rivets

These rivets are designed for mounting delicate and soft materials. When riveting, the reverse head is created in a special way - when folded, it spreads its load over a considerable area, the reverse surface of the materials that one connects. This is what protects the head from falling through soft materials, thereby preventing deformation and the formation of cracks.

Rivet nuts

There is no need to make a hole for such rivets. They are designed for connecting plates with fibrous and smooth materials (plastic with wood). When attaching a nut rivet, a reverse head is not formed.

When pulled out, the tear-off rod makes the body of the rivet wider, and the notches dig into the fibers of the material. Expansion or screw rivets are used in the manufacture of furniture and construction - for joining metal and wood.

Multi-clamp rivets

These are the same blind rivets, but with a large variation in the thickness of the materials that need to be connected. This rivet is designed to cover the ranges of 3 conventional blind rivets and is used in cases where there is no accurate data on the thickness of the materials being joined.

Terminal rivets

Such rivets are used if it is necessary to create a contact connection and conduct an electrical network. Terminal rivets are made from materials capable of transmitting electrical current. The name speaks for itself; this fastening element has terminals (one or more).

Plastic rivets

Such fasteners are made of polyamide, but have a reliable connection.

Plastic rivets have virtually no differences from standard blind rivets, and even have their own advantages. Namely: a high level of moisture permeability, non-corrosion, and do not conduct current. Used for fastening products made of plastic, cardboard, fiberglass.

Cassette rivets

This is an independent type of rivet. The fastening process is the same as for a blind rivet, with the difference that this type of fastener has one rod for the whole cassette, which does not break, but stretches through the rivet body, securing it into the holes. The master only needs to load the cassette into the riveter, and not separately, and work. This allows you to leave one hand free and significantly reduces operating time.

Important! Technological characteristics and names of rivets can often vary between different manufacturers. Also, new types appear on the fastener market from time to time.

Depending on size

When choosing hardware, the size of the rod itself is important, which ranges from 1 – 36 mm, and its length is 2 – 180 mm. It is a mistake to think that the thicker the rod, the stronger it is; this does not play a role here.

Steel rivets with a thickness of 10 mm may be more reliable than copper products with a diameter greater than 20 mm. Also, the load exerted plays a role.

Therefore, in some cases it is better to purchase tubular rivets with thin walls. Types of rivets with a small semicircular head are distinguished by their small thickness ranging from 1 to 10 mm, and length from 4 to 80 mm.

The thickness of the flat head rivet is 2 – 36 mm, and the length is 4 – 180 mm.

Elements with the maximum length are semi-blind rivets, which are used to work in types of rivets that can be used in structures with a recess of 200 mm.

Types of hardware by design features

There are many such variations, but the most popular are expansion rivets. They are used to work with soft and loose materials.

When riveted, the cap of such hardware is folded in such a way that makes it possible to distribute the load over a large area of ​​the structure.

Flap hardware is used for working with wood. It is this type of fastener that allows you to reliably fix the fibrous structure of the tree.

Multi-clamp hardware fastens materials of different thicknesses and forms a universal type unit.

Cassette rivets are a high-tech type of hardware in which the elements of the fixed stop are represented by several dozen levels.

In this case, only one rod is the base of the load-bearing structure.

Types of rivets depending on material

Most rivets are made from metal: steel, aluminum, copper and brass. All of them have a high level of protection against deformation and corrosion.

Aluminum and copper rivets are more ductile and also lightweight.

Steel rivets are used to work with structures that require a high degree of fastening.

Plastic rivets are made from polyamide, which has high strength and good performance characteristics. They provide reliable protection from the harmful effects of moisture, which cannot be said about galvanic stainless rivets. Nowadays, the technology of hot soldering of hardware made of plastic and composite materials is often used. This allows you to create a strong adhesion.

There are also models of combined type: rivet, aluminum, steel, steel, etc.

Aluminum hammer rivets are widely used in mechanical engineering, aircraft manufacturing, the manufacture of household appliances and personal computers.

It has a second name - shock, due to the method of fastening. Aluminum hammer rivets are manufactured in different fastening reliability classes and have different types of heads, lengths and diameters.

Threaded and blind rivets

The carving on rivets combines them with other types of hardware. But threaded ones are characterized by a method of fixation on both sides. The body of the rivet is immersed in the previously prepared hole, then the master inserts the sleeve and tightens it.

This provides a high degree of fastening reliability, although they are not suitable for all materials. In this regard, drawing steel rivets are more popular.

Note. The principle of a pull-out connection involves deforming the structure at the end of the riveting process to create a stop.

Technique for riveting hardware

The process of installing rivets takes place in several stages. First, using a drill, make a hole into which the element will be inserted. All types of rivets are installed in a niche with a diameter 10 - 15% larger than the thickness of the rod.

Note. The density of the immersion is not important.

The hardware is riveted into the hole so that the head is on the reverse side of the structure. Threaded rivets are installed using a manual riveter. Explosive or expansion steel rivets are installed with a special riveter (electric or piston).

Scope of use of rivets

Rivets are mainly used in mechanical engineering, aircraft manufacturing, shipbuilding, house construction, fastening of ventilated facades, production of children's playgrounds, fastening of decorative structures and elements.

This fastener is mainly used in the construction industry and repair work. Heavy structures are not fastened with this type of hardware.

Note. It is very important that the rivet is flexible and strong at the same time. Considering this fact, low-carbon steel, aluminum alloys and copper are used for its production.

Source: https://domsdelat.ru/poleznie-soveti/zaklyopki-vidy-dlya-chego-ispolzuyutsya-xarakteristiki-foto.html

Metal rivets

In what cases do specialists use rivet joints? This type of fastening is used when metal parts are difficult to weld or the assembly unit will be actively used during operation and subject to loads.

Riveting. Basic Concepts

The process by which elements are connected is called riveting. This process can be divided into two stages: preparatory and riveting.

Riveting is the installation of rivets into a pre-prepared hole, tensioning the workpieces, creating a closing head and final cleaning.

Rivets

The riveting process is carried out using rivets made of mild steel and representing rods in the form of cylinders with two heads. One of these heads is a mounting head, and the other is a closing head, providing fastening of parts.

Riveted connections are classified into the following categories:

• durable (designed for rigid connection under power loads);
• tight (designed for tanks with low pressure, where complete tightness is necessary);
• durable and dense.

Currently, the quality of metal products, as well as their chemical composition, can be thoroughly examined through modern and multidisciplinary (see variety of options) Metal and alloy analyzers

For the sake of a hermetic joint, the joining surface area is treated with a reliable sealant. There are three types of riveting :

• cold,
• hot,
• mixed.

Mortgage heads have different shapes. There are two methods for forming a closing head: direct and reverse.

The direct method involves striking from the side of the closing head and pressing firmly, which is necessary for a tighter joint of the parts.

The reverse method involves striking from the side of the closing head; reliable connection of several surfaces occurs simultaneously with the formation of a closing head.

Riveting technology

For manual riveting, a special tool is used: a sledgehammer, a special pneumatic hammer. Although in recent years, riveting presses have increasingly begun to be used to increase productivity.

Basic tools:

• crimping (mandrel, punch);
• hammer;
• anvil - support.

Advantages of riveted joints

Blocks the formation of fatigue cracks, which increases the reliability of the product. Using riveted joints, it is possible to join materials that are difficult to weld or cannot be welded at all.

Disadvantages of rivet joints

Riveting work is a rather labor-intensive process that requires special skills from a specialist. You can also add to the disadvantages: noise and vibration during operation, ensuring tightness, and the material consumption of the connection.

Voltages allowed in connections

There are indicators of stress tolerance for the material of the rivet itself and the parts.

Under variable loads, the permissible stresses are reduced by 11 - 26%, and with cold riveting - by 30%.

Hand rivets

One of the simplest and most actively used types of rivets, most often used for those connections that will not be disassembled in the future.

Riveting process:

1. A hole is created where the rivet is placed.
2. The recess houses the head of the rivet.
3. Using a hammer, the surfaces are pressed tightly.
4. The second head is flared with circular blows of the tool, giving the desired shape.

Types of rivets (by head shape):

• with a convex head. Diameter 1-36 mm; length 2-180 mm.
• with a hidden head. Diameter 1-36 mm; length 2-180 mm.

Types of work : fastening visible plates, thin sheets of metal, etc.

Disadvantage: accessibility to both sides of the parts being connected is required; complexity of riveting.

Tubular, semi-tubular and piston rivets

Due to their fragility, this type of rivet is used for joining parts subject to slight physical stress.

These parts are hollow: tubular without a cap and with a through hole; half-tubular, half-hollow; piston with thin-walled tubes.

Riveting process:

1. A hole is created where the rivet is placed.
2. It is riveted with punches.
3. The connection is ready.

Disadvantage: can only be used with little physical activity, accessibility to both sides is required.

Mortgage rivets

These rivets compare favorably with the previous ones in their strength. This is due to the fact that a punch remains in their base after installation.

Riveting process:

1. A hole is drilled where the rivet is placed.
2. A punch is placed inside the rivet so that it comes out on the opposite side.
3. The rivet material is riveted.
4. A cap is formed.

Types of work : thick-walled structures with increased rigidity.

Threaded rivet

A threaded rivet is necessary for making a threaded connection in materials with a light texture, where creating threads in the parts themselves is impossible due to their small thickness, for example, in sheet metal. A threaded rivet contains threads inside that are used during connection to the surface of the rivet. Although its main use is to create a bolted connection.

Riveting process:

1. A hole is made.
2. The part is carefully screwed onto a tool prepared for this work, then placed in the created hole.
3. With the help of a riveter, the rivet is compressed along its entire length, pressing the parts tightly on both sides.
4. The tool is turned inside out.

The material of the rivet must be identical to the material of the parts being connected.

Types of work : decorative activities; surfaces where wear resistance to corrosion processes is considered extremely necessary.

Blind rivets

The proposed type of rivets is widely used for joining various materials, especially fragile ones.

Riveting process:

1. A hole is created.
2. The rivet is carefully inserted onto a specialized tool, then placed in the recess.
3. The tool pulls the rod and compresses it along its length.
4. The tool is removed simultaneously with the rod.

Material : aluminum, steel, combined version.

Types of rivets , depending on the shape of the side:

• With standard;
• With wide;
• With a secret one.

Types of work : universal.

Safety rules for riveting

1. The special hammer must fit tightly onto the handle.
2. The crimps and strikers must be free of cracks and gouges.
3. It is better to do the work in pairs, as this facilitates an already labor-intensive process.
4. Cutouts for supports must be present, and the support itself must be 4-5 times heavier than the hammer.

If a defect occurs during work, the damaged part is cut off with a jamb chisel.

If necessary, use not only a hammer, but also a sledgehammer. After this, the rivet rod is knocked out with a beard.

These stages of working on a defective product are not suitable for parts made from thin sheets, since cutting off the rivet head can lead to deformation of the part. In this case, it would be more appropriate to use the drilling method.

It should be noted that the scope of riveting is narrowing every year, as welding methods are improved. But even today the scope of application is quite wide: aircraft and shipbuilding, building structures, mechanical engineering, etc.

Source: http://themechanic.ru/klepki-dlja-metalla

How to rivet a metal rivet?

Welding is, of course, good, but it cannot be used everywhere. In this case, riveting is used - this is a mechanical connection of parts using special fasteners. These fasteners are called rivets; they are made from different materials and come in different types.

What is riveting

The mechanical connection of parts using a series of rivets is called riveting, and the connection itself is called a riveted seam. It is used where it is inconvenient to weld parts or where non-weldable materials are joined.

Not only metals are riveted, but also parts in clothing, accessories, etc. are connected in this way. But there it is more of a finishing touch than a loaded connection. So next we will talk about riveting in construction or home improvement.

In principle, you can use a screw connection instead of riveting, but bolts and nuts are more expensive, and their installation takes longer.

This is what a rivet joint looks like

If we talk about installing fences made of corrugated sheets, rivets are more reliable, since they can only be removed by drilling out the fasteners. When installing screws or self-tapping screws, they can be unscrewed and both metal and hardware can be removed.

In some cases, riveting is more convenient when installing a roof made of corrugated sheets or metal tiles. On the roof, installing screw connections is problematic and time consuming.

But rivets, and with a good tool, can be done in an hour or even less.

Most common use in private households

How are parts connected using rivets? The rivet is installed in the prepared through hole. It has a head that rests on the material and the rod. During the riveting process, the end of the rod is flattened, changing shape under the influence of force. Therefore, ductile metals are used for these hardware.

Types of rivet seams

If we talk about the method of joining sheets, then riveted seams can be overlapped (one sheet overlaps another) and end-to-end. Joint seams can have one or two overlays. With overlays they are more reliable and are used in critical and loaded places.

Types of rivet seams: overlapped and butted with overlays

According to the location of the rivets:

They can be located opposite each other or in a checkerboard pattern. Seams can be strong, tight (sealed) or durable-tight. Dense ones are made using elastic gaskets placed between the parts to be connected. Durable and dense ones are used mainly in boilers. Now they are more often replaced by welding.

Types of cores and embedded heads

Rivets differ in the shape of the head and the shank. According to the type of rod they are:

• with a solid rod (high load capacity, but difficult to install);
• semi-hollow (part of the rod near the embedded head is solid, part is hollow);
• hollow (the head and rod have a cylindrical solid hole, they are easily riveted, but cannot withstand high loads).

Types of rivets by type of rod and head

Rivets have the following types of heads (pictured above):

• Semicircular (high and low). Sometimes also called spherical. The most reliable, create a strong seam.
• Cylindrical and conical (flat). Used if the connection is in an aggressive environment.
• Secret and semi-secret. Installed when fasteners should not protrude above the surface. The most unreliable connection, used only when necessary.

Different rivets can be installed nearby

Each type of embedded head is found with each type of core. They are selected depending on the planned load. For maximum loads, hardware with a solid rod and a semicircular head is needed. Hollow seams can also be used for seams that are not too loaded, but they do not provide tightness. If such a characteristic is important, then semi-hollow ones are installed.

Types of rivets

Despite the fact that welding has become accessible even to a layman, riveting does not lose popularity. After all, not all metals can be welded, and the welded seam is susceptible to corrosion. Therefore, new varieties of rivets are constantly appearing, so there is definitely no complete list. Let's look at the main and more popular ones.

• Classic or ordinary. Universal, used for all types of seams. They can be distinguished externally - they resemble fungi.
• Semi-tubular (the rod is half hollow). They require less effort during installation, but their strength is low. Used in connections with low mechanical load.

Classic and threaded rivets

Nut and rivet rivets

These are the main types of rivets that are used in construction, mechanical engineering and other fields. Each species has its own subspecies that differ in nuances.

Blind rivets

Let's say a few words separately about blind rivets. They are used for fastening corrugated sheets and metal tiles. These are the ones you most often encounter when arranging a site.

The blind rivet consists of a tubular body and a solid rod inserted inside. They are called composite because they have two independent parts.

Also, this fastener is reinforced - after installation, part of the rod remains inside, which increases the strength of the connection.

How does a blind rivet work?

The length of the blind rivet body must be greater than the thickness of the parts being connected. It is inserted into a hole made in advance, after which the riveter grabs the rod and pulls it through the hollow body.

At the far end of the rod there is a ball that forms the closing head from the flared edge of the body.

The excess rod is removed with a tool, but some of it remains inside, which makes this connection quite strong.

As is clear from the description, it is important to choose the correct rivet size. Too short will not allow a normal bead to form, which will weaken the connection. A body that is too long will give a lot of play, which is also not good. So when selecting this type of fastener, carefully look at the recommended thickness. Ideally, your connection is in the middle of the range.

Source: https://varimtutru.com/kak-zaklepat-metallicheskuyu-zaklepku/

Rivets for riveters: types, sizes, applications

Fastening sheets of metal or other material using rivets is the oldest and most popular way of connecting individual parts into a whole structure. A rivet, selected taking into account the specific weight and material, can better withstand the load and last longer than a welded joint. This is especially noticeable during vibrations or variable pressure. Let's figure out together what types of rivets there are and how to work with them.

The main characteristic of hardware is the size and thickness of the rod. The diameter can be from 1 to 36 mm with a length from 2 to 180 mm. It is important to understand that these parameters affect whether you end up with a “long-liver” or a flimsy wreck. Steel 10 mm thick can be stronger than copper rivets more than 20 mm in diameter.

What types of rivets are there? At first glance, the classification of rivets is huge, and it’s easy for the average person to get confused in it. But this is fiction.

A little information - and you will feel like a master in this matter!

Classification of rivets

So, the types of rivets are as follows:

• Regular rivet (drive-in). It is used in most construction work. This rivet is very easy to identify by its mushroom shape, which experts call a locking head system. It has decent strength and a long service life under almost any load.
• Blind rivet. If access to the surface of your work material is only from one side, then a blind rivet is your savior. We'll talk about what kind of blind rivets there are later.
• Threaded rivet. Popular because it provides a removable threaded connection.
• Rivets for fragile, soft and friable materials. They are endlessly varied, and each area uses its own types. To determine the hardware you need, it is best to start from the design. In the manufacture of furniture, for example, aluminum flap rivets are used.

Before the purchase

The use of rivets is always determined by three important nuances. Firstly, the strength of the connection plays a paramount role. Secondly, check what equipment you have and what components are suitable for it. And thirdly, understand the economic feasibility of the work and planned purchases.

In any activity, no matter what materials you fasten and no matter what connectors you use, it is always important to remember that any rivet material has its own viscosity and plasticity, on the basis of which the algorithm for the operation of such a connection is based.

Rivets are ALWAYS made from copper, low-carbon steel or aluminum alloys that are easily deformable. Carefully study the types of rivets when planning your work.

Threaded rivets

Let's move on to threaded rivets. Working with them is the most universal way to connect the constituent elements of a structure. The types of threaded rivets are varied, but the essence is the same. The algorithm is simple and ingenious: the rivet is screwed onto the “mandrel” of the riveter, inserted into the hole, and fixes the materials to be joined.

In this case, the rivet is deformed, forming a reliable connection that firmly holds the individual parts during vibration and movement.

The most important advantage is the low probability of damage to the parts being connected during riveting, which experience virtually no stress, are not scratched or wrinkled. Therefore, threaded rivets are used in household appliances, car cladding and interior decoration.

Such components are made of aluminum, steel, and stainless steel. Types of threaded rivets, their features and composition are always indicated on the packaging.

Regular rivets

The classic rivet is the most common hardware for riveting metal sheets, known since ancient times. In our country, driven rivets were fixed by GOST requirements back in the Soviet years.

They are widely used in construction and in general in all areas associated with the presence of high loads on metal structures, since such rivets can connect sheets thicker than 30 mm.

However, installation of these hardware is only possible taking into account the presence of support on the side opposite the plane of the connection, since this compensates for the impact load during fastening of the rivet.

The algorithm of actions is as follows:

• Future connections are being outlined.
• Sheet material is fixed with clamps or other means. Sometimes welding takes place. The extreme points are drilled first. The rivets are inserted so that the head is on the opposite side of the surface being joined.
• Actually, the process of riveting itself using a hammer or a special striker, in which the shank is flattened into a second head.

During the process, be sure to check with GOST, since a rivet body that is too thin may not completely fill the hole, which can lead to breakage of the connections under a cutting lateral load.

A shank that is too long can also damage the structure, as the metal will be subject to improper deformation.
There are brands of rivets that must be heated to a high temperature to increase ductility.

Also, many rivets are treated with special compounds that prevent electromechanical corrosion. Please read the packaging carefully before purchasing.

How to work with blind and threaded rivets

At home, for rivets, you will need a regular hand riveter - a tool specially designed for joining sheet materials. For conveyor production, you will have to consider electric, pneumatic or hydro-pneumatic tools.

Source: https://pkmetiz.ru/articles/zaklepki-dlya-zaklepochnika-vidy-razmery/

Rivets for riveter sizes table

Welding is, of course, good, but it cannot be used everywhere. In this case, riveting is used - this is a mechanical connection of parts using special fasteners. These fasteners are called rivets; they are made from different materials and come in different types.

What are blind rivets for metal: all sizes

Nowadays, to fix two or more riveted elements, it is customary to use blind rivets, which quickly replaced traditional rivets for metal due to ease of installation and excellent performance properties.

Today, these devices are widely used in construction, shipbuilding and ship repair, mechanical engineering, in the installation of safety equipment, in the textile industry and many other areas of human activity.

The solution allows you to achieve the most durable connection , however, if the task is to fasten heavy-duty parts, then it is customary to use threaded products.

A variety of materials are used to make blind rivets. This feature significantly expands the scope of their application, allowing the product to be used in almost all types of work. In addition, the rivet itself can be painted in any color, which is necessary for light industry (textile), where special emphasis is placed on the color of the fixing element .

When choosing materials for the production of rivets, the material of the part being fastened is taken into account, as well as the characteristics of the environment where the fastened structure will be used. In most cases, the following materials are used for such purposes:

1. Aluminum . The use of pure metal and its varieties: anodized or varnished is supported.
2. Cink Steel . It is characterized by increased strength and many other advantages.
3. Stainless steels . A2 has maximum resistance to rust, and A4 is coated with a reliable anti-corrosion layer and is able to withstand an acidic environment. Most often it is used in the chemical industry. Imported analogues, such as DIN 7337, are also popular. Stainless steel is considered the most popular and widespread material with excellent performance properties and increased strength.
4. Copper.
5. Copper-nickel alloy (monel) . It is composed of 70 percent nickel and 30 percent copper.
6. Polamid . It cannot boast of too high strength, so it is most often used in the production of clothing items and textile products.

Regardless of the materials used to produce rivets, they undergo special certification and are also confirmed by the GOST standard.

Features of the choice of blind rivets

If you are faced with the question of choosing a material for the manufacture of fasteners, you must take a responsible approach to the selection of materials for hardware with fastened parts, which is associated with a high risk of fastening failure.

In most cases, this occurs due to the appearance of a galvanic hardware-part pair .

If the ambient humidity is high enough, which can be explained by wetness, the galvanic couple becomes a conductor of electric current, which contributes to the destruction of the fastening.

For example, contact of aluminum with steel leads to very rapid oxidation and destruction of aluminum. For this reason, it is customary to use stainless steel rivets of domestic or foreign production to fasten steel parts.

Steel rivets are very popular due to their strength properties. But galvanized steel solutions are not very popular. This is due to the fact that zinc coating cannot boast of a long service life, so it wears out very quickly.

The problem progresses in a special way when using moving elements.

A fastener made of a copper alloy is considered a universal hardware. The only “enemy” of copper is aluminum, while other metal blanks practically do not conflict with metal.

The disadvantages of such solutions:

1. High price.
2. The appearance of an unsightly color after the oxidation process starts (after a certain period of time, a green coating appears, which is the remains of oxidized copper). True, such formations do not in any way affect the strength of the product.

The most universal fastening compound is polyamide. Such a rivet reliably protects almost everything you can imagine, although it is not particularly strong.

If you need to order rivets, be sure to pay attention to the material from which a particular model .

Aluminum (all sizes are available on almost any website of the relevant store) rivets have always been in special demand. True, due to their low strength, they are not recommended for fastening heavy structures and those products that are constantly under heavy loads or aggressive environmental influences.

It is no secret that the basic elements of exhaust hardware are the body and the rod. The body is a body, bushing or cylinder. It is this part that plays the role of the main fastening element, which performs the load-bearing function. The body includes a “side” head, as well as a hollow cylinder. Sealed hardware has a tightly sealed end.

Based on the type of head, hardware is distinguished with:

1. High side.
2. Wide side.
3. Hidden side.

Wide and high options provide the most durable riveted fastening. Such fixing elements are noticeable from the outside and are capable of forming characteristic “bulges” on the surface of the workpiece.

As for the hidden side, it can provide an almost smooth surface at the attachment point, although the reliability is significantly deteriorated .

The thickness of the hidden side is about 1 millimeter, and the main massive part of the head is fixed in the mounting hole.

The thickness and length of the rivet cylinder varies. It is the outer diameter of the cylinder that determines the diameter of the hardware in the order name. The dimensions of the cylinder play a very important role among all other dimensions. These are the ones you should pay special attention to when purchasing these fasteners.

The main purpose of the fastening is to provide a movable or fixed connection of several parts or elements.

In most cases, the dimensions of a cylinder are indicated by two numbers separated by an “X”, where the first number determines the outer diameter, and the second determines the length.

The rod is an important structural unit

The next, very important structural element of a blind rivet is the rod. It acts as a rivet and can be made of strong steel, which is much stronger than the body.

The end of the rod has a special head that acts as a rivet for the inserted end. When performing installation work, the rod is pulled out using a special pneumatic riveter, and if there are too many fasteners, you can get by with ordinary pliers.

True, the latter case involves the use of a certain physical force.

The main advantage of the design of blind rivets is the possibility of one-sided installation, when access to the fastening is sufficient only from one side.

A more durable solution (threaded) has a characteristic thread inside the cylinder. In a classic blind rivet there is no such thread .

The threaded cylinder also has a screwed-in rod, which is not pulled out with force, but is carefully unscrewed. To strengthen the connection, a secure screw or bolt is placed inside. As a result, it is possible to create a kind of “closed” fastener, which is often called blind.

After determining the appropriate sizes and materials, as well as choosing the appropriate type of bead, you can begin to search for the specific type of rivet itself.

Depending on the required characteristics that must be present in the fastener, the type of fastener is selected. Currently, several types of hardware are offered for sale:

1. Combined. Capable of providing reliable permanent connections to structures made of hard alloys or materials with increased strength. In addition, they are also used for fastening thin-sheet materials. Today, combined rivets are a very popular type of fastening elements, so they are often used for all kinds of installation work. The product provides the most durable fastening that can easily cope with even the most intense loads.
2. Sealed rivets. This solution is a highly specialized fastener option, which is especially in demand for the shipbuilding industry. The design feature of such fasteners is represented by a sealed end with a rod. Most often, such hardware is made of copper, however, for equipping civilian ships and boats, you can get by with aluminum rivets. As for fastenings in industrial production, stainless steel models remain relevant there.
3. Multi-clamp. Such products differ from all previous ones by the presence of several riveting sections. They can be used to fasten three or more structural elements for a movable connection. Between every two elements there is a riveted section. They are installed using a special device (in most cases using a blind rivet gun).
4. In addition, there are also reinforced models of hardware on sale. In essence, this is the same blind rivet, although its cylinder is made of thicker material. It is customary to use durable aluminum.

Today there are many other types of fasteners, which may differ in both the length and shape of the rod, but there is no point in dwelling on them, since the above solutions are quite universal and are quite suitable for most purposes.

Features of installing rivets

After purchasing a rivet, many people have a question: “How to properly install this fastener?” Fortunately, the design of the product remains very simple and understandable, so at the installation stage there are practically no difficulties or incomprehensible moments.

It is only important to acquire a special rivet tool, which will significantly reduce time costs and simplify the upcoming task.

Nowadays, such tools are available in any building materials hypermarket, so purchasing them will not be something very difficult. In addition, both mechanical riveters and pneumatic riveters are offered for sale.

You can also use an electric model. If you can’t buy a tool, you can use regular pliers.

The installation process itself is carried out in the following way. Using a drill, you need to drill a hole at the fastening point with a diameter 0.1 millimeters less than the diameter of the fastening connection. The depth of the hole is comparable to the length of the cylinder, minus the length of the riveting section. The fastening element is fixed into the hole with the rod toward itself, and then the rod is pulled out using a rivet tool. Ultimately, all elements are securely fixed.

Summing up

Blind rivets are indeed a very useful, reliable and high-quality connecting element, with which you can carry out a lot of installation work, achieving the most durable and good connection of all kinds of structures.

Modern rivets meet all requirements and standards, so they prevent product deformation even under the most intense impacts. When choosing such a solution, it is important to set priorities correctly and give preference only to proven products.

This will allow you to make a smart purchase and avoid mistakes.

Source: https://tokar.guru/metallicheskie-izdeliya/vytyazhnye-zaklepki-dlya-metalla-opisanie-i-svoystva.html

Types of rivets and rivets

A riveter is a special hand tool that is designed to join materials using rivets.

Such a tool is considered uncomplicated, since it performs only one specific function - a rivet connection.

A rivet joint is a non-separable bundle of several materials, mainly sheets. The positive aspects of riveted joints are resistance to vibration, reliability and ease of installation of joints. The rivet can withstand a large load applied to the part. And if the connection does not hold up, it does not break immediately, but the rivet seems to stretch, which compares favorably with a welded connection.

Principle of operation

The process of working as a riveter is very simple. It is necessary to drill through holes in the materials being fastened. Approximately one tenth of a millimeter larger than the diameter of the rivet used. The rivet mechanism grabs the shank of the rivet (wire) to the working part, after which it acts on the traction mechanism, which, through the wire, pulls the head of the rivet to the base and breaks the wire (when the rivet joint is ready).

   

Riveters by type

1. Mechanical
2. Pneumatic
3. Battery (electric)
4. Pneumohydraulic

When choosing a riveter, you need to consider the following points:

• Lightweight and compact tool (this increases ease of use)
• It is better to choose a model with a rotating working part (this will provide access to difficult to work areas)
• The handles of the riveter must be equipped with rubber pads (this makes work easier, as it prevents the hand from sliding along the handle of the tool during operation)
• The tool will be of better quality if its body is cast rather than made of a metal plate

Mechanical riveters

The most common and popular type of riveter. They have the simplest device and are easy to use (do not require special skills).

Most models of riveters are equipped with a set of working heads for different rivet diameters.

Mechanical riveters come in different types:

Please note: Types of wrenches

One-handed riveters

They are intended for one-handed operation and are designed for rivets that do not exceed a diameter of 4.9 mm. Some models of one-handed riveters are equipped with a rotating working part that can be rotated 90, 180 and 360 degrees (which can make it easier to install the rivet in problem areas).

Two-handed riveters

They have a different design, which allows them to develop greater force, and suggest the ability to work with rivets with a diameter of up to 6.5 mm.

Accordion riveters

They can place rivets in hard-to-reach places, while developing a fairly large force when working with one hand.

Cordless riveters

In appearance, this tool is similar to a regular screwdriver. The advantages of this type of riveter include the speed and quality of work, as well as the low application of force during operation. The downside is the limited operating time, it depends on the battery capacity.

Pneumatic riveters

They have greater productivity compared to other types, due to the fact that they operate from compressed air. The disadvantages of a pneumatic riveter include a complex device, limited mobility (depending on the size of the air supply hose) and heavy weight. The cost of such a riveter is quite high, but the performance is also impressive.

Classic bar rivet

It is used for cold and hot riveting and has the shape of a cylinder. Rivets of this type basically contain a solid metal rod, so they are best used in places that will experience heavy loads.

Semi-tubular and tubular rivets

Such rivets are used in connections with low loads, since the inside of the rivets is hollow. They are made of soft metal and on one side, instead of a head, they have a stamped conical recess.

Please note: How to choose the right hammer drill for your home

Embedded, traction, blind, blind rivets

This is the simplest and most convenient type of rivet to use (it does not need to be held on the other side). These rivets come in the following types:

Regular rivet with shoulder

Rivet with large shoulder

Sealed rivet with gas-watertight body (blind rivet)

Rivets. Types and work. Application and how to choose. Peculiarities

Rivets are a fastening system that is used to connect two or more parts. They are inserted into pre-made holes in the workpieces, arranged in one line. The fastener is a round rod, which, as a result of deformation, tightly covers the walls of the holes and is held in them due to friction.

Basic properties of rivets

A rivet provides a more secure connection than a screw or screw. At the same time, it takes up a minimum of space, without protruding from the workpiece with a large head, which is the case with bolts. The main advantage of such fasteners is its low cost and high installation speed. Rivets are used in cases where the workpieces are not planned to be separated. Once the rivet is seated, it is no longer possible to disassemble the connection without drilling.

An important advantage of using rivets is their resistance to vibration.

If, for example, a threaded connection can loosen due to constant shaking because the screws, nuts or bolts are unscrewed, then the rivet does not have such a drawback. It gets stuck in tightly and doesn't come out.

If the connection is subjected to a large mechanical load of tearing or shearing, then the metal of the riveting can only tear or damage the parts themselves, but it will not come out just like that.

Rivets are a popular fastening element, so it's no surprise that they come in a fairly wide range. All existing structures can be divided into two groups - cold and hot riveting. Cold ones are made from softer and more ductile metals, which are relatively easily deformed to take the required shape.

hot- rivet is made of hard steel, so as a result of the pressure created, it practically does not change its shape without preheating. It provides a more reliable connection, but may not always be used. This type is used in cases where heating will not damage the parts.

In particular, such fasteners are used in shipbuilding and machine tool building.

Types of rivets

There are quite a few types of rivets. Each of them has its own advantages and is intended for use in certain cases. Fasteners differ from each other not only in the installation method, but also in the load they can withstand.

In addition to classifying rivets according to their installation temperature, they are also divided into three groups according to design features:

• Ordinary.
• Exhaust with a tail.
• Threaded.

Each variety is intended for a specific purpose, so it is impossible to say that any group is better.

Regular

The regular ones appeared first. They are easy to recognize because they are shaped like a mushroom. Their metal rod is decorated with a wide cap. Such rivets are considered one of the most durable, but difficult to install.

This type of fastener can only be used if it is necessary to connect two elements with the ability to install riveting through them.

That is, a fungus should remain at one end of the connection, and the main fastener rod should extend out of the road by at least a few millimeters.

In order to connect two workpieces, it is necessary to rest a solid metal object against the head of the riveting and, with soft blows on its rod, flatten the material, forming a semblance of the existing head. Thus, a strong connection is ensured not only by internal friction in the holes, but also by external pressure that is created between the factory and the created cap.

Exhaust

Blind rivets are used in cases where it is necessary to connect two metal sheets. They allow for reliable fixation of workpieces, even when only one side of them is accessible.

To work with them, a special pneumatic or mechanical gun is used. There are also screwdriver attachments that also allow you to work with such fasteners.

The rivet itself is a long metal rod, at the end of which there is a tubular-type aluminum sleeve. Other soft metal may also be used.

When the steel rod is pulled out, the sleeve is deformed because there is a small cap at the end that prevents it from coming out. As a result of the pressure created, the sleeve fits tightly to the entire surface of the hole.

In order to make a quality connection, it is necessary to rest the end of the rivet gun against the parts being connected. This is the key to success.

The steel tail itself, which is retracted by the gun, can break off, since it has special notches to weaken the strength, or it completely comes out of the sleeve.

The blind type of rivets is used most often because it provides easy installation, and the gun for the job is relatively cheap.

An important advantage in favor of such fasteners is the fact that it can connect a thin and thick part, even if the height of the sleeve is less than the total thickness of the workpieces.

By simply inserting the rivet and starting to tighten the tail, you can create just enough deformation to achieve the high friction needed to hold the parts in place. Of course, the reliability of such a connection will not be as high as when using a full-fledged through installation.

Threaded

The threaded rivet is the most expensive. The fastener itself is a hollow sleeve, inside of which a thread is cut. The sleeve is directly inserted into the prepared hole of the parts to be connected, after which the rod is screwed inward. After this, it breaks out towards the supporting surface from which it was twisted. In this case, the sleeve begins to crumple, as in the case of an exhaust sleeve. Once the required connection quality is achieved, the rod is simply turned out.

Such sleeves are usually made of aluminum, but they are also available in copper and brass. The main disadvantage of such fasteners is its high cost. Also, in order to achieve a high-quality connection, it is important to observe the direction of pulling the rod at 90 degrees. In this regard, the work is best done with a special gun, but it is quite possible to get by with a bolt and nut.

The main advantage of such rivets is minimal trauma. With conventional rivets, there is always a risk of injury from the hammer. When working with the suction type, the gun may slip and cause injury. Screw rivets provide secure fixation. Such fasteners are usually used in mechanical engineering, as well as in the manufacture of housings for household electrical appliances. It allows you to fasten a thick rivet, the diameter of which is significantly higher than in a conventional rivet.

In order for the connection to be reliable and visually attractive, it is important to select the correct fastener parameters:

First of all, you should pay attention to the material. Aluminum rivets are used to connect parts that are not susceptible to rust. They are not only resistant to corrosion, but also have a very good strength indicator. Brass fasteners are used for fixing grounding on panels, as well as in other areas where it is necessary to ensure the installation of conductive elements.

Stainless steel rivets are commonly used in equipment used in the food or chemical industries that are subject to severe pressure. This connection is not afraid of corrosion, and at the same time provides the maximum degree of fixation. Copper rivets are commonly used for copper roofing. Using fasteners made of other materials for such purposes can lead to oxidation, which shortens the service life of the roof.

The next important indicator is the length of the fastener. If you choose a rivet that is too short, the resulting connection will be unreliable. If you take an excessively long rod, the resulting deformation will result in a sloppy fungus that will ruin the appearance of the products.

If an exhaust sleeve is used, this can lead to early tearing out of the tail, which will create an unreliable connection. Ideally, use a rivet whose length is 20% higher than the thickness of the elements being connected tightly to each other.

This allows you to get a perfect head on the reverse side, which will securely hold the parts together with the factory head.

Also important is the ratio of the thickness of the rivet to the diameter of the prepared hole. It should be only slightly smaller to ensure easy insertion of the rod. If the difference is too large, the resulting gap will not be filled tightly enough, which will create minimal friction. As a result, such a connection will be unreliable and will break out even under light load.

Recommendations for work

If it is necessary to achieve a reliable connection, you need to use rivets of the largest possible diameter, as far as the material that is being connected allows. If you don’t have such fasteners at hand, you can get by with thinner ones, but use several rivets located close to each other.

In the event that you need to connect materials using rivets that are not able to withstand the load that is created during deformation, you can use a trick. To do this, you need to put a wide washer on the back side of the sleeve, which will be deformed.

As a result, the crushed tip will not be able to pass through it, so it will begin to press it like a vice, pulling it towards its fungus. This will create a completely reliable fixation without breaking through the soft material. This method is used to fix polycarbonate and plywood.

Related topics:

Source: https://tehpribory.ru/glavnaia/materialy/zaklepki.html

Metal riveting technology

In what cases do specialists use rivet joints? This type of fastening is used when metal parts are difficult to weld or the assembly unit will be actively used during operation and subject to loads.