How much does 1 cubic meter of gold weigh?

Specific gravity and methods for determining it for gold

Gold is the 11th element of D.I. Mendeleev’s periodic table. The specific gravity of gold is expressed in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3), kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3) and din per cubic centimeter (dyn/cm3). In this case, the dyne is a unit of force in the system of units, which allows us to talk about different ways of measuring the weight of a metal.

Weight of a cube of different metals

Density and mass

Mass is directly related to density. If we are talking about the mass of an element, expressed in g/cm3, then it should be considered as a value similar to density. The density of gold is 19.3 g/cm3, respectively, the mass is equal to the indicated value. Thus, knowing the density, it is easy to determine the mass.

To calculate the specific gravity, a formula is used, which can be applied if you know the density of a particular element. The mentioned formula for calculating weight is the relationship between mass and density.

It looks like this:

Y=P/V, where P is the actual weight of the element, and V is the density.

The formula is used exclusively for gold items. It may not be correct for calculating the mass of other elements.

Gold is a heavy metal; 1 cm3 weighs 19.32 kilograms. Metal is in seventh place in terms of heaviness and density. Its mass has nothing to do with hardness. Despite the external strength, products made from it are soft. In their pure form, they can be deformed and are fragile.

In order for the jewelry to gain strength and not break during use, a certain amount of other elements are added during melting. Most often copper is used for these purposes, but silver, nickel and other metals can be used. Depending on the amount of impurities in the alloy, its mass will change, but the density will remain at the same level. Adding impurities to the alloy reduces the value of the product, which is reflected by the sample.

Information about specific gravity allows you to organize production with less effort and energy, as well as use the element in alloys. Knowing that the density of an element is slightly higher than the density of other metals allows one to isolate its particles from the ore.

Thus, in the process of amalgamation, which makes it possible to separate an element from impurities, many of its characteristics are used, including mass and density. The heavy metal is enveloped in particles of mercury and held by it, while the remains of empty ore are easily removed. This information is also useful when using other extraction methods.

During the smelting process, the element evaporates. When trying to create an alloy, you must consider its mass and density. The density of the molten element decreases and is only 17 g/cm3. In this case, due to the aforementioned evaporation, which begins even before the melting temperature is reached, the mass and volume decrease. This explains the change in the mass of the product after soldering.

To form a strong alloy, elements are selected whose specific gravity is almost identical. If this feature is not taken into account, it can melt and evaporate, and the lighter metal can float. In this regard, the element in question is most often mixed with tungsten, whose density is 19.25 g/cm3.

It is tungsten that is most often used to make counterfeits. Making and selling a fake from tungsten is quite simple. Not only is it identical in density and weight, but it can also easily be disguised as real gold. To determine authenticity, special equipment will be required. A visual inspection and the usual testing methods will probably not show anything.

Characteristics of metals

Osmium, iridium, rhenium, neptunium, platinum and plutonium have similar densities. Due to their rarity and high cost, they are not used for making counterfeits. Some of them are also dangerous to health.

Carat weight system

In jewelry, the term used is caratage. It allows you to determine the mass without resorting to precise mathematical calculations and research. The smallest permissible weight is eight carats. The weight of pure metal of 999 purity is 24 carats, which allows us to say that the product contains 24 shares of a pure element.

The number of carats is indicated when marking the product. The weight of the 585 standard jewelry is 14 carats, and the 917 standard jewelry is 22. Some samples have the same number of carats.

To simplify the determination of quantity, special tables have been created, in which for each sample not only its carat designation is indicated, but also the purity of gold in the alloy. The carat weight system allows you to determine the weight of individual precious items. It is extremely convenient because it allows you to find out the amount of gold without using special scales.

To determine the mass of ingots, slightly different characteristics are used. The optimal weight of one bank bar is 400 troy ounces, or 12.4 kilograms. The troy ounce is not the only unit of mass measurement; it is used only in 90% of cases when it is necessary.

In the USA, the use of bars of different weights is allowed, but one troy ounce is still equivalent to 31 grams. The actual weight of one bank bar ranges between 11 and 13.3 kilograms. The indicated weight is standard; no ingot can have a larger or smaller mass. The exception is special measuring ingots, weighing from 0.5 to one kilogram. Such bullion is used as a commodity or as another means of payment for purchases made.

Thanks to a fairly well-thought-out system, it is almost impossible to counterfeit an ingot, and yet it is important for both the buyer and the seller to know its weight.

The weight of the ingot can be determined by the amount of water it displaces. To do this, it is enough to lower it into a container filled with water, the amount of which is known in advance.

It is worth noting that the mass fraction of a precious element in an ingot or jewelry has a significant impact on its value. The ability to determine its quantity allows you to avoid deception when purchasing, as well as correctly select additional components during the melting process.

Source: https://HochuZoloto.com/svojstva/udelnyy-ves-zolota.html

Weight and price of a gold bar

Government Customer Service Manager structure. I often encounter problems arising in the budgetary sphere and the field of social security of the population. Pensioners are a special caste of the population; they need a special approach, and it seems to me that I manage to find it.

One of the currently popular ways to preserve and increase financial resources is investing in gold and purchasing bank bullion. They have different denominations and weights, which affects their cost. What are the standards of gold bars offered by banks? More about this in our review.

How much can you buy a kilogram of gold for?

The technology for producing gold is quite complex and expensive, so production costs are about two hundred and forty dollars per troy ounce, although this value is quite approximate.

Not all of our compatriots know how much one kilogram of gold costs, since most buy a smaller volume of precious metal bullion.

But if you are going to seriously invest in eternal values, which is gold, then this information may be useful to you.

Converted to US dollars, this would be $36,865. If we consider the world market, the price of the yellow metal on it is formed due to speculation among participants. Some experts are trying to link the price of gold directly to the supply of “physical” metal. But in reality, this does not affect each other much, with the exception of an increase in demand in autumn and winter, which can be explained by the traditional period of weddings in Asia.

The situation on the foreign exchange market has a much more serious impact. More often than not, gold has a reputation as a long-term and stable investment for investors who are fed up with the uncertainty and volatility of the foreign exchange market. Today, experts associate the rise in prices with the fall in the dollar's position against the euro. It is logical that confidence in a currency decreases along with its exchange rate, which is why noble materials begin to rise in price. This is precisely why the position of the foreign exchange market has such an impact on the dynamics of gold prices.

What influences price formation?

Under the condition of monometallism, the cost of the yellow metal was irrational, because it did not need a monetary equivalent. When the gold standard was abandoned, the value of gold in the form of credit money became very real.

This graph clearly shows exchange rate fluctuations in the 70-80s of the last century. After the Second World War, the International Monetary Fund, under the influence of the United States, forced its participants to conduct transactions only based on the official price in order to maintain the gold backing of the dollar.

The first attempt at international price regulation was carried out by the “gold pool”, which existed from 1961 to 1968. It was an organization, founded by the United States of America and seven Western European countries, whose goals were joint transactions on the London gold market to balance the market price with the official one. Every month, the Bank of England purchased and sold the yellow metal using its own funds.

The gold pool kept the American currency backed by gold.

Thus, in November 1967, during the devaluation of the British national currency, and due to the onset of the “gold rush”, three tons of gold were spent on international regulation of the value, which led to the dissolution of the pool in March 1968.

International price controls could not overcome the factors that formed the prices of the precious metals market, which depended on the level of supply and demand. The US policy, which tried to impose costs on the pool partners to contain the level of gold backing the dollar, failed due to contradictions that arose between the participating countries.

Dual market

Then, instead of a single market, a “double” market arose (until 1973) and the cost of a kilogram of precious metals, and specifically gold, was divided into two types. The official market conducted transactions with precious metals of the Central Banks of various countries at reduced rates to maintain the appearance of stability of the American currency. Thus, trade between states was separate from the private markets for gold, where value was determined by supply and demand.

When the exchange of dollars for gold stopped, transactions in the official market almost completely froze. November 1973 put an end to dual markets and prices: English, Belgian, Italian, Dutch, American, Swiss and the Central Bank of Germany canceled such operations. The failure of using double prices showed the artificiality of gold parities based on the official price, which led to their abolition in 1976-78.

The increasing aspects are an increase in demand in industry and in everyday life, as well as demand from depositors in conditions of an unstable economic situation, inflation levels, unbalanced balances of payments, fluctuations in exchange rates and interest rates. Periods of rising gold prices (70s; 85-87, 1980-85; 1988 - March 1993, 1997-1999). Sometimes such fluctuations are simply terrifying.

This can be explained by the fact that the increased exchange rate of the US dollar and securities, as well as a decrease in inflation rates in many countries, contributed to the “cooling” of interest in gold.

The operation of global gold markets is also influenced by the dual status of gold, which, being a valuable raw material, is also a foreign exchange reserve and a financial asset.

Source: http://financeprof.biz/ves-i-tsena-slitka-zolota

How much does a ton of gold cost, what volume does it take and what does it look like? - Step by step

There is actually not as much gold in the world as it might seem at first glance.

Over the entire recorded history of mankind, only about 190,000 tons of gold have been mined, according to the World Gold Council, taking into account the fact that in recent decades, from 2,800 to 3,100 thousand tons of gold have been mined annually in the world.

Please note that the Russian word “gold” comes from the Old Church Slavonic “zlato”, which originates from the Proto-Slavic “zolto” (“yellow”), by the way, in Latin the word “aurum” also means “yellow” and is related to “Aurora” ) - morning dawn.

Russia produces from 250 to 300 tons of gold every year, actively increasing its gold and foreign exchange reserves in the precious metal. The first discovery of gold reserves in Russia occurred in 1732 in the Arkhangelsk province; the development of this gold mine began in 1745, continued until 1794, and the entire mine collectively brought only about 65 kg of gold to the treasury. But when gold deposits were found in the Urals on May 21, 1745, gold mining in the Russian Empire received a full life!

How much does a ton of gold cost?

On the international precious metals market, gold is measured in troy ounces (31.1 grams) and at the beginning of September 2019, one such troy ounce costs around $1,500 (according to the COMEX GC of the New York Mercantile Exchange, see chart below), which means , having made simple mathematical calculations, we can calculate how much a ton of gold costs - 48,231,511 US dollars (48 million 231 thousand 511 dollars).

Chart of current gold prices from the GoldBroker.com portal

If we look at the prices set by the Central Bank of Russia at the beginning of September 2019, then the cost of one ton of gold = 3,183,150,000 rubles (3 billion 183 million 150 thousand rubles).

How much volume does a ton of gold take?

Considering that the density of gold is 19.3-19.32 g/cm3 under normal conditions, the volume occupied by a ton of gold will be 51786 cm3 or 0.052 cubic meters (m3), such a small volume is due to the fact that gold is an extremely heavy metal, therefore, such a volume will not inspire respect for many.

What does one ton of gold look like?

To imagine what one ton of gold looks like, we turn to the infographics prepared by specialists from the demonocracy.info portal, which will help to visually assess the scale and size of gold of various volumes.

For scale, next to the 1-ton ingots are a fountain pen and a Swiss knife.

One ton gold coin!

Another way to estimate what one ton of gold looks like and how much volume it occupies is with the help of the famous Australian 1 ton gold coin “Kangaroo One Tonne Gold” of the Kangaroo Gold Bullion series!

The Kangaroo One Tonne Gold coin, weighing one ton and measuring 80cm in diameter, is worth over A$70 million.

In 2011, the Australian Perth Mint began producing a unique gold coin! The whole process took 18 months and the result was a coin with a diameter of 80 cm made of gold with a purity of 99.99%. Its denomination is set at 1 million Australian dollars (AU$1 million), but the actual price, taking into account the value of the gold from which the coin is created, for 2019 is more than 70 million Australian dollars (AU$).

Australian gold coins of the Kangaroo Gold Bullion series - obverse and reverse of a 1 ton coin, in the lower right corner for scale a coin weighing 1 kilogram and another weighing 1 troy ounce.

Until 2012, the record for weight belonged to the Canadian gold coin “Large Maple Leaf” weighing 100 kilograms of pure gold!

But officially, the Australian Kangaroo One Tonne Gold coin has now become the largest in the world, especially since the Canadian coin was stolen from the Berlin Bode Museum in March 2017.

What volume does 10 tons occupy, or 100, and all the gold in the world?

10 tons of gold and 100 tons compared to human height

And if you estimate the scale, when there is a lot of gold, for example, the entire gold reserve of the United States of America?

What does the entire US gold reserve look like?

But if you collected all the gold in the world mined before 2009 and cast it into a huge cube with sides of 20.5 meters and placed it in an Olympic swimming pool, it would look something like this

All the gold in the world in one cube. The small sphere at the woman's feet below is 1 ton of gold

Interesting facts about gold

Here are 10 interesting facts about gold that you might not know:

• The melting point of gold is 1064.18 °C, and it begins to boil at 2856 °C, while liquid gold is quite volatile and actively evaporates long before the boiling point.
• Half of all gold mined (49%) today is used to make jewelry.
• More than 40,000 prospectors took part in the California Gold Rush, although not all of them became rich.
• Moreover, more than 90% of all gold mined in the world was raised from the ground after the California Gold Rush!
• Jewelry is not made from pure gold, but from its alloys with other metals, such as silver and copper, which may contain additives of nickel, cobalt, palladium to improve mechanical strength and durability.
• The color of gold jewelry (red gold, yellow, white, etc.) and its mechanical properties will be determined by the ratio of silver to copper in the alloy.
• In April 2019, a group of Russian physicists from MIPT obtained “two-dimensional” gold for the first time in the world—a gold film less than 10 nm thick by attaching gold atoms to a special molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) substrate.
• One ounce of gold can be stretched over 80 kilometers into a thin thread with a thickness of only 5 microns and a linear density of up to 2 mg/m.
• Standard “Good Delivery gold bar” gold bars, which are traded on gold exchanges around the world (London, Hong Kong, Tokyo, Zurich, New York, Sydney) weigh exactly 400 troy ounces, approximately 12.4 kg.
• The largest gold nugget was found in 1872 in Australia, its largest linear dimension is 1.42 meters, and its weight is more than 200 kg (the gold in the nugget itself weighs about 100 kg), this nugget was named “Holtermann Nugget” after the name of the person who found it.

( 14 average 4.71 out of 5 )

Source: https://www.stepandstep.ru/finansy/tonna-zolota/

About how much a cube of water actually weighs

How much does a cube of water weigh? Every construction worker and lover of creating comfort around themselves with their own hands should know the answer to such a simple, but at the same time complex question. Very often situations arise in which you need to know exactly how many kilograms a cubic liter of water contains. Such knowledge will help, for example, in designing a swimming pool or pipeline. Well, to expand your general horizons, having such information will not be superfluous.

What is the displacement of one cubic meter of water

Before you find out how much 1 cubic meter of water weighs, you need to clearly understand its quantitative expression in liters. From this we will make a translation into the mass of interest to us. So how many liters are contained in a cube of water?

The "Cube of Water" fountain shows what a cube of liquid would look like

To give an answer, we need to remember distant physics and mathematics lessons, in which teachers tried to put the necessary information into our heads - one cube is equal to 1000 liters.

Are you trying to imagine how much this is to save on annoying utility bills? Let's try to translate such an abstract quantity into more understandable measures:

• 100 aluminum standard buckets;
• 15 washes in an automatic washing machine with a five-kilogram load;
• Take 30 quick morning showers;
• 115 toilet flushes;
• take a bath 14 times;
• Drink 4000 cups of liquid.

Want to save money? Don’t focus on how many cubic meters you spend monthly, but think about how much water flows away just like that, for example, when you take a break from washing the dishes to turn off the kettle or when brushing your teeth.

Just imagine how many liters can leak through a leaking toilet flank. Such unnoticeable mistakes gradually turn into several m3 of water.

And if you translate this into money, do you feel like your hard-earned money just evaporates? Well, okay, we've digressed a bit, now let's get back to the main question.

What is the weight of a cubic meter of water

The weight of 1 liter is usually taken as 1 kilogram, therefore, 1 cubic meter of water fits in one ton. But this is not entirely true. In fact, weight is influenced by many factors: pressure, temperature, the state of aggregation in which it is located. Therefore, a ton of water does not always contain 1000 kilograms.

Weight measure	Liquid state	Solid state (ice from distilled liquid)	Solid state (pure snow)
Glass (250 ml), g	249,6	229	12,5-112,5
1 liter, g	298,2	917	50-450
Twelve liter bucket, kg	11,98	11	5-15
Cubometer, kg	998,2	917	100-450

The weight of snow directly depends on its density, which is influenced by the area in which the precipitation occurred and the time that has passed since the snowfall. The density of newly fallen snow is 0.05 gp/cm3 and compacted snow is 0.45 gp/cm3.

Even the force of gravity in different parts of the Earth and on different planets affects the weight of a liquid. For example, on Mars, a liter of water weighs 377 grams, therefore, 1 cubic meter is equal to 377 kg.

But let's not fly far and return to our earthly reality. As for the states of aggregation, in each of them it will have a different weight.

Effect of impurities and temperature on water weight

From a physics point of view, the specific gravity of the liquid is also important. The amount of the substance of interest that is placed in a volume (in 1 of its units) or, if translated into a scientific term - the mass of a unit of volume - is volumetric density or, to put it differently, specific gravity. This value is measured in kg/m3 or in tons/m3 or gp/cm3.

The table below clearly demonstrates the direct effect of temperature and organic impurities on weight. Thus, one cube of liquid in different states contains unequal specific gravity. The data was taken from the reference book of physical properties and materials.

Name	Number of tons in 1 cube – weight of 1 m3, t/m3	Number of kilograms in 1 m3 – mass of 1 m3, kg/m3	Specific gravity, gp/cm3
Water at room temperature at normal atmospheric pressure, m3	1	1000	1
Hot water at normal atmospheric pressure, m3	0,98324	983,24	0,98324
Sea water, m3	1,02	1020	1,02
Water at 0 °C at normal atmospheric pressure, m3	0,999	999	0.999

Now you know the true weight of water in different states and under different conditions. And after some simple calculations, you can convert it into the required units of measurement.

Source: https://zamesbetona.ru/podgotovka/skolko-vesit-kub-vody.html

What is the specific gravity of gold?

Gold is a fairly heavy metal with a high density of 19.32 g/cm3. According to this indicator, gold ranks 7th among all metals. Different systems have different units of measurement: SI = N\M3, MCSS = 1 kg\m3, SGS = 1 din\cm3. Also, the specific gravity of gold can be expressed in grams per cm3 (non-systemic unit).

Specific gravity, expressed in g/cm3, is equal to the density of a given metal. For gold, this figure is 19.3 g/cm3. The volumetric weight of gold is a calculated value that reflects the density of the metal.

Weight and quality features of gold

Gold has all the properties that are characteristic of metals:

• Electrical and thermal conductivity;
• High strength;
• Plastic.

Gold also has a special, metallic luster. It should be noted that each group of metals has its own characteristic metallic luster. Overall, metallic elements are found in 75% of all naturally occurring elements, but not all are found in nature in their pure form. The most valuable and rare metals include gold and platinum.

Both metals are characterized by a fairly large specific gravity (19.3 g/cm3 and 21.45 g/cm3, respectively). It should be noted that the specific gravity of heavy metals, including tungsten and gold, is almost the same.

Thanks to this property, gold can be mined by washing it from relatively light particles of clay and sand contained in the washed rock.

Weight of a cube of various metals.

However, gold is a very soft metal; in addition, it is also very heavy. In order to find out how much one cube of gold weighs, you can use a special formula or table. This figure is 19.320 kg. The hardness of gold is 220-250 MPa (Brinell) or 2.5 (Mohs scale).

The high cost of gold is primarily due to its fairly low content in the earth’s crust – 0.5 – 5 mg/ton. The volumetric or specific gravity of gold can be found by the formula – y=P\V, where P is the weight of gold, and V is its volume.

Basic physical and mechanical properties of gold

In addition to specific gravity, the physical and mechanical properties of gold are also important characteristics.

Color. According to this indicator, of all the metals, only gold (yellow) and copper (pinkish-red) have their own special, characteristic color. As for other metals, it is more complicated - for example, white color is characteristic of platinum, silver, aluminum, tin, magnesium and cadmium.

In addition, some metals can have different shades - arsenic (grayish), lead (bluish-white). Many metals, when crushed, may have uncharacteristic colors, such as red or brown.

In addition, most metals oxidize upon prolonged contact with air and, as a result, they darken.

Specific gravity plays an important role not only in gold mining, but also in the production of various alloys. In order for them to be uniform and of high quality, it is necessary to select metals with a slight difference in specific gravity. Otherwise, if the difference is very significant, during fusion the metal, which has a lower volumetric weight than gold, may float.

Only gold and copper of all metals have a special, characteristic and unique color.

Gold turns into a liquid state from a solid at 1095 degrees Celsius.

Specific heat. Denotes the amount of heat that is necessary to increase 1 kilogram of gold by 1 degree Celsius - measured in kilocalories and denoted by the letter C.

Thermal conductivity. This property of a metal to conduct heat is characterized by its thermal conductivity coefficient.

Gold melts at 1095 degrees Celsius.

Hidden melting point. The metal must be heated to the melting temperature and maintained while the crystalline structure is destroyed - until the gold completely transforms into a liquid state. This additional energy is called the latent heat of fusion and is measured in kilocalories.

Electrical resistance - measured in Ohms.

Coefficient of linear expansion (thermal or thermal). Indicates the ability of a metal to increase its size in length (when heated).

Magnetic properties. All metals are divided into: paramagnetic, diamagnetic and pheromagnetic. When introduced into a magnetic field, materials of the diamagnetic group are not attracted to the magnet. Gold is one of the diamagnetic metals.

Obtaining gold and its use

Gold is mined from placer deposits and ore. Screening is one of the oldest mining methods and is based on the significant difference in the specific gravity of gold and waste rock. The disadvantage of this method is the rather large loss of precious metal during processing.

Amalmagation. It is also a rather ancient method, which was known back in the first century BC, but became widely used only in the 16th century in America. Since the 90s of the 19th century, cyanidation began to be used in many countries - Australia, Africa, America and others.

The gold-bearing rock was initially crushed by crushing and enriched with special “chemistry”, after which gold was extracted from the artificially formed concentrate. To do this, use a solution of sodium or potassium cyanide. In a cyanide solution, gold is precipitated with zinc.

For refining and purification of this precious metal, the Wohlwill method is used, which was first used in 1896.

Gold has served as money since ancient times. In the jewelry industry, this precious metal is used in the form of alloys, which increases the hardness and strength of the metal and reduces its cost. gold in such alloys is usually expressed by breakdown, which indicates the percentage of pure metal. Gold compounds have found wide application in photographic technology, electrical engineering and many other fields.

Since ancient times, gold has been used in art - jewelry, gilding of utensils, etc. This is due to its unique properties: stretchability, malleability, softness, which allows it to be used to create all kinds of decorative elements, even the finest filigree.

One of the most important functions of this precious metal is its economic importance. For quite a long time now, gold has been serving as a universal equivalent of the value of things or services.

An interesting fact is that in mid-1943 the Gold Reserve Act was signed in the United States. It says that this precious metal must be stored exclusively in bullion. They also decided how much a bank bar containing gold weighs (according to the standard). The standard weight was set at 400 troy ounces, although for commercial purposes in the United States of America, bars of different weights are allowed.

The standard weight of one gold bar is 11–13.3 kilograms, which is significantly heavier than a bucket filled with water.

One troy ounce of gold represents 31 grams of pure gold. To be as precise as possible, 1 troy ounce of gold is equal to 31.1034768 grams.

In the Middle Ages, many gold coins of that time generally weighed around 30 grams. Historically, 1 troy ounce had a similar weight and this measure is still used in banking, coins and jewelry.

Source: http://golden-inform.ru/mery-vesa/udelnyj-zolota/

How much does a standard gold bar weigh?

Gold bar

Once upon a time there lived the Inca people. It was a developed tribe for its time. They had a lot of gold, so much that they made household items, toys and jewelry from it. And it was like that before the arrival of Europeans. The Spanish conquistadors took the available gold and poured ordinary bricks out of beautiful figurines and objects. This is where the rush for gold began, not as a natural miracle, but as an instrument of power.

And now many are interested in how much a gold bar weighs. After all, when these “bricks” are shown in photographs or films, they seem weighty and large. In fact, there are several banking standards that determine the weight of a gold bar. Let us immediately note that purchasing a gold bar is more of a long-term investment. Since in the future it still has to be sold or given away for further processing.

Acquisition

It's good to know where and how to buy a gold bar. After all, this is not public access material, when you can go to the nearest store and buy a “brick”. It is important to understand domestic and global standards. In addition, know how much gold is in the bar.

After all, the sample is an indicator of the amount of valuable material in the alloy, since in most cases gold is not present in the alloy in its pure form. It is a soft metal that necessarily fuses with a harder one. For example, 585 standard corresponds to a weight of 14 carats. That is, out of the entire alloy, the ingot contains 14 shares of pure gold.

999 standard corresponds to 24 carats, which means it has 24 parts of pure gold. In percentage terms it is 100%.

Gold is sold in banks or at specialized exchanges or in jewelry stores (if their weight is less than 1 kg). Moreover, in some cases you can buy not the bullion itself, but securities corresponding to its equivalent. The bullion itself may be in a safe deposit box.

Kinds

There are several standards that differ in application and technology. According to the method, the ingot is divided into:

In the first case, gold is to be sold to citizens, in the second, it is used exclusively in production. According to technology, ingots are also divided into several types:

• stamped;
• powder;
• cast.

In the first case, the ingots are designated SSHZ. Their weight is no more than 0.5 kg. Powdered ones are made electrolytically from metal powder. These bars are not used in the domestic banking environment. And in most international banks they are extremely rare. These are the cheapest bars.

Cast “bricks” weigh more than 500 grams, their abbreviation is SLZ. They are more expensive than powder ones, but cheaper than stamped ones. Each of the ingots is carefully checked. In case of non-compliance with the established GOST, the ingot is sent for remelting to the same refinery that produced it.

Most of the finished products are manufactured according to the standards of the London Bullion Association.

Ingots

These are products that are made weighing up to 1 kg from 999 gold. That is, the gold content in them is almost 100%. To be precise, 99.99%. They are marked with a sample from the manufacturer. Such ingots are considered small-weight. They are supplied for sale not only to banking institutions, but also to jewelry stores.

For a better understanding of the testing of ingots, it should be noted that the indication of the standard is the quantitative content of pure gold per 1000 parts of the alloy. That is, 585 samples are equal to 585 parts out of 1000, the same applies to 999 samples. In Russia, the production of dimensional ingots complies with GOST R 51572-2000, it has the following characteristics:

1. Permissible limits of deviation of dimensions. Only length and width are taken into account here. The thickness of the ingot is not taken. The same boundaries are indicated for the mass of the product.
2. Changes in shape and dimensions are possible subject to appropriate agreements.
3. The surfaces are free of stains, scratches, chips and other defects.
4. The surface may change over time due to crystallization of the metal and its shrinkage. A wavy convex or concave surface is acceptable.
5. The product must have a stamp with legible information regarding the sample or letter marking. The shape of the ingot will depend on the specifics of production. Information that is indicated on the bars: digital designation of the mass, fineness or fraction of the precious metal, manufacturer’s brand, the inscription “Gold” and “Russia” (for domestic production), the latter inscription must be in an oval.
6. The weight of the measuring ingot is no more than 1 kg.

Standard

These are production ingots. How much gold is there in a bar by these standards? The weight can vary within different limits; one ingot can weigh 11-13 kg. Standard products also have parameters defined by GOST:

1. A standard ingot is shaped like a low prism. It can be changed by prior agreement.
2. The presence of slag or stains is unacceptable. The surface is flat and smooth.
3. Depressions no more than 0.5 cm deep are allowed.
4. The following information is printed on the bottom base: batch number, weight, sample, metal grade, year of manufacture and manufacturer's mark.

The weight of a standard ingot does not exceed 13.3 kg.

In conclusion, let's summarize. Naturally, on the international London Stock Exchange the weight of the precious metal is measured in troy ounces. But in Russia, standard weight measures are more applicable. Thus, measured ingots that are purchased by private individuals weigh no more than 0.5 kg, and standard ingots for industrial purposes should not be less than 1 kg, but most often the weight of such an ingot is from 10 to 13.5 kg.

Source: http://zolotoigid.ru/standartnyj-slitok-zolota

PHYSICS: Density, mass and volume problems - Answers and solutions

Formulas used in physics problems involving density, mass and volume.

Density is equal to the ratio of the mass of a body to its volume. Density is denoted by the Greek letter ρ (rho).

EXAMPLES OF SOLVING PROBLEMS

Problem No. 1. Find the density of milk if 206 g of milk occupy a volume of 200 cm3?

Problem No. 2. Determine the volume of a brick if its mass is 5 kg?

Problem No. 3. Determine the mass of a steel part with a volume of 120 cm3

Problem No. 4. The dimensions of two rectangular tiles are the same. Which of them has the greater mass if one tile is cast iron and the other is steel?

Solution: From the table of density of substances (see at the end of the page) we determine that the density of cast iron ( ρ2  = 7000 kg/m3 ) is less than the density of steel ( ρ1 = 7800 kg/m3 ). Consequently, a unit volume of cast iron contains less mass than a unit volume of steel, since the lower the density of a substance, the less its mass if the volumes of the bodies are the same.

Problem No. 5. Determine the density of chalk if the mass of a piece of it with a volume of 20 cm3 is 48 g. Express this density in kg/m3 and g/cm3.

Answer: The density of chalk is 2.4 g/cm3 , or 2400 kg/m3 .

Problem No. 6. What is the mass of an oak beam with a length of 5 m and a cross-sectional area of ​​0.04 m2?

ANSWER: 160 kg.

SOLUTION. From the formula for density we obtain m = p • V. Taking into account the fact that the volume of the beam V = S • l, we obtain: m = p • S • l.

We calculate: m = 800 kg/m3 • 0.04 m2 • 5 m = 160 kg.

Problem No. 7. A block whose mass is 21.6 g has dimensions of 4 x 2.5 x 0.8 cm. Determine what substance it is made of.

ANSWER: The bar is made of aluminum.

Task No. 8 (increased difficulty). A hollow copper cube with an edge length a = 6 cm has a mass m = 810 g. What is the thickness of the walls of the cube?

ANSWER: 5 mm.

SOLUTION: Volume of the cube = a3 = 216 cm3 . The volume of the walls VC can be calculated by knowing the mass of the cube mK and the density of copper p : VC = mK / p = 91 cm3 .

Consequently, the volume of the cavity VP = - VC = 125 cm3 . Since 125 cm3 = (5 cm)3 , the cavity is a cube with edge length b = 5 cm .

It follows that the thickness of the walls of the cube is equal to (a - b)/2 = (6 - 5)/2 = 0.5 cm .

Problem No. 9 (Olympiad level). The mass of a test tube with water is 50 g. The mass of the same test tube filled with water, but with a piece of metal weighing 12 g in it is 60.5 g. Determine the density of the metal placed in the test tube.

ANSWER: 8000 kg/m3

SOLUTION: If some of the water from the test tube had not poured out, then in this case the total mass of the test tube, water and a piece of metal in it would be equal to 50 g + 12 g = 62 g. According to the conditions of the problem, the mass of water in a test tube with a piece of metal in it is equal to 60.5 g. Consequently, the mass of water displaced by the metal is equal to 1.5 g, i.e., it is 1/8 of the mass of the piece of metal. Thus, the density of metal is 8 times greater than the density of water.

Problems on density, mass and volume with solutions. Substance density table.

Reference material for “Problems on density, mass and volume“

How, knowing only the mass, calculate the density?

1. If the volume of a body (substance) is unknown or not explicitly specified in the conditions of the problem, then try to measure, calculate or find out using indirect (additional) data.
2. If the substance is granular or liquid, then it is usually located in a container, which usually has a standard volume. So, for example, the volume of a barrel is usually 200 liters, the volume of a bucket is 10 liters, the volume of a glass is 200 milliliters (0.2 liters), the volume of a tablespoon is 20 ml, the volume of a teaspoon is 5 ml. It’s easy to guess the volume of three-liter and liter jars from their name.
3. If the liquid does not occupy the entire container or the container is non-standard, then pour it into another container, the volume of which is known. If there is no suitable container, pour the liquid using a measuring cup (jar, bottle). While scooping out the liquid, simply count the number of such cups and multiply by the volume of the measuring container.
4. If the body has a simple shape, then calculate its volume using the appropriate geometric formulas. So, for example, if a body has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, then its volume will be equal to the product of the lengths of its edges. That is: V par. = a • b • c , where Vpar. is the volume of a rectangular parallelepiped, and a, b, c are the values ​​of its length, width and height (thickness), respectively.
5. If the body has a complex geometric shape, then try (conditionally!) to break it into several simple parts, find the volume of each of them separately and then add the resulting values.
6. If the body cannot be divided into simpler figures (for example, a figurine), then use the Archimedes . Place the body in water and measure the volume of displaced liquid. If the body does not sink, then “drown” it using a thin stick (wire).
7. If it is problematic to calculate the volume of water displaced by a body, then weigh the spilled water, or find the difference between the initial and remaining mass of water. In this case, the number of kilograms of water will be equal to the number of liters, the number of grams will be equal to the number of milliliters, and the number of tons will be equal to the number of cubic meters.

Lesson summary “Problems on density, mass and volume with solutions .

Next topic: “Tasks on gravity and body weight.”

Source: https://uchitel.pro/%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B8-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0 %BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C/

How much does a gold bar weigh: the largest, standard, measured:

A long time ago, in America, there lived an ancient people - the Incas. He possessed huge reserves of the yellow metal. There was so much of it that the Incas made dishes from it, as well as other useful things. No one thought that ordinary metal, which, moreover, is poorly adapted for economic life, would subsequently destroy the most ancient unique peoples.

They were destroyed by European colonialists, who began melting metal from practical household items into useless bricks. This is how the local aborigines saw the situation. European colonialists rubbed their hands - they found gold - an artificial source of wealth and power.

How much does a gold bar weigh today? What is its price? Let's try to answer this question.

How much does a gold bar weigh, which is the largest to date?

The record holder for weight is a Japanese ingot created by the Mitsubishi Corporation. Its weight is 250 kg. The price of such a giant is about 4 million US dollars. Japan has ousted Taiwan from the Guinness Book of Records - previously this country had the largest ingot of 220 kg. Another number “9” was added to the Japanese giant. This means that the purity of the Japanese record holder is 999.9. The product is close to absolute ideal. How much does a gold bar weigh (standard)? More on this later.

How much does a gold bar weigh (standard) in kg

Standard bars are precious metal bars produced at specialized enterprises. They are manufactured according to certain standards - they are installed in each state independently. In our country there is an international one, which is reflected in GOST 28058-89. So how much does a gold bar weigh, based on global standards? Its weight ranges from 11 to 13.3 kg.

Requirements for the gold bar standard

In addition to weight, the following requirements apply to standard ingots:

1. The shape must have a regular truncated pyramid.
2. The surface must be free of sagging, burrs, and other foreign inclusions.
3. Must contain the number of the ingot, grade of precious metal, weight, year of production, trademark of the manufacturer, symbols of the producing state, fineness.

What is a sample

Fineness is the proportion of base metal in an alloy. In gold watches, rings, and other jewelry, 585 standard is usually used. This means that a little more than half of them are pure gold. This is believed to be the optimal amount to use in jewelry, otherwise it will constantly break and bend.

The highest purity used in gold bars is 999 (99.99%). International standards have a slightly lower specific gravity of the noble metal - 995%.

Measured gold bar

A measuring ingot is a small ingot that is widely popular among investors, banks, and pawnshops. So, let’s answer the question of how much a gold bar (measurement bar) weighs. It all depends on the type of ingot. There are two of them, depending on the manufacturing method:

1. Stamped bars - the manufacturing technology is similar to the production of coins. Their weight ranges from 1 to 100 grams.
2. Cast - “normal”, from the point of view of the common man, ingots. Their weight ranges from 200 to 1000 grams.

International measure

It is impossible to hear from international economists and investors the question of how much a gold bar weighs in kg, because... precious metal on exchanges is measured not in kilograms, but in troy ounces. This is the unit of measurement used in world trade.

A troy ounce is a measure of the weight of precious metals, equal to 31.1035 grams. In our country, standard weight measures are used. Measured bars of Sberbank for the population are: 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 grams.

Is it profitable to invest in gold?

A novice investor is interested in the question of whether it is profitable to invest in precious metals. This question was once asked by one of the largest investors in 2005. The cost of one Google share was equal to one ounce. By 2008, an ounce was worth almost 2.5 times more than the share of the largest holding. It should be taken into account that 2005 marks the active development of the global information giant.

Is there much gold left in the ground?

Gold, due to its value, rarely goes out of circulation. This means that gold teeth, for example, may contain metal from the pottery of royal monarchs. Of course, this is rare, but almost all the metal that humanity has ever mined is still in circulation. Scientists have estimated that another 80% of the precious metal is in the ground, therefore, it is not too late to think about searching.

Olympic medals

How much does 1 gold bar weigh, how much pure metal is in it - we have already said, and how much precious metal is in modern Olympic medals? It is a myth that they are made entirely of gold. Only the medals at the 1912 Olympic Games were truly gold. All others have only pollination. Only six grams of this metal are applied to Olympic medals.

Legend of the Golden Fleece

Many peoples used sheep's wool to wash gold. This method was practiced by some peoples of the Caucasus, the Egyptians. The Greeks, who saw the spoils with their own eyes, were not privy to the mysteries of all operations. They saw only the finished picture: sheep's wool, all covered with precious metals. This is where the legend of the Golden Fleece came from.

Corn eats gold

Surprisingly, ordinary corn “extracts” gold from the ground and accumulates it in its stalks. This was discovered by chance when analyzing the composition of the ash.

Corn feeds on solutions of various salts from the soil to obtain vital elements: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium. Along with them, the plant extracts other elements, including gold.

However, you should not rush to grow corn on your farms for the sake of metal: the concentrate is so small that it is unlikely that you will get rich by growing this plant for gold.

Source: https://www.syl.ru/article/297495/skolko-vesit-slitok-zolota-samyiy-bolshoy-standartnyiy-mernyiy

How much does a cube of wood weigh?

When starting to build a house or make renovations, sometimes you have to face questions that seem simple at first glance, but you can’t immediately answer them. It seems awkward to approach specialists with such a question, but you need to know for sure. For those who can turn to the Internet, it’s easier - type in a search engine “How much does a cube of wood weigh” and in half a minute received a comprehensive result. By the way, really, how much?

The effect of humidity on the weight of wood

The weight of wood does not always have the same value. What does it depend on? First of all, from the moisture content of the wood. If we compare, for example, oak and birch, it turns out that a cubic meter of oak weighs 700 kg, and a birch weighs 600 kg. But it could be different. Weighing a cubic meter of birch, we get 900 kg, and oak will show the same 700. Or in both cases it will be 700 kg. Why do we get such different numbers? In this case, the moisture content of the wood plays a role.

There are four degrees of humidity: dry (10-18%), air-dry (19-23%), damp (24-45%) and wet (above 45%). Thus, it turns out that different rocks with the same humidity have different weights, as in the first example above. If the humidity is not the same, then the weight may fluctuate in one direction or another. The standard humidity is 12%.

Different density - different weight

Another factor that affects the weight of wood is its density. The highest density of iron and ebony wood is from 1100 to 1330 kg/m3. Boxwood and bog oak are close to them - 950-1100. For ordinary oak, beech, acacia, pear, and hornbeam, the density is about 700 kg/m3. It is even lower for pine, alder, and bamboo - 500 kg/m3. And the lowest is for cork wood, only 140 kg/m3.

Why do you need to know the weight of a cubic meter of wood?

Having knowledge in this area is sometimes very important. When purchasing building material, its quantity cannot be determined by eye by a non-specialist. Knowing the dimensions of the timber or lining, the material from which they are made and its moisture content, simple calculations allow you to determine the weight of the purchased product. How much does a cube of wood weigh? In this case, the answer to this question will help you figure out whether the seller sent you the goods correctly.

Heat transfer from wood

In addition, there is another indicator - heat transfer. It will come to the aid of those who use wood as firewood for heating. The higher the hardness, i.e. The density of the wood species, the higher its calorific value.

Of course, no one will heat a room with boxwood, but when choosing between linden and pine or birch and acacia, you can get much more heat if you know which of these species is the hardest.

Information about the density of each tree can be gleaned from the tables, since all this information is systematized for ease of use.

Breed	Humidity, %
10	15	20	25	30	40	50	60	70	80	90	100
Beech	670	680	690	710	720	780	830	890	950	1000	1060	1110
Spruce	440	450	460	470	490	520	560	600	640	670	710	750
Larch	660	670	690	700	710	770	820	880	930	990	1040	1100
Aspen	490	500	510	530	540	580	620	660	710	750	790	830
Birch:
- fluffy	630	640	650	670	680	730	790	840	890	940	1000	1050
- ribbed	680	690	700	720	730	790	850	900	960	1020	1070	1130
- Daurian	720	730	740	760	780	840	900	960	1020	1080	1140	1190
- iron	960	980	1000	1020	1040	1120	1200	1280	—	—	—	—
Oak:
- petiolate	680	700	720	740	760	820	870	930	990	1050	1110	1160
- eastern	690	710	730	750	770	830	880	940	1000	1060	1120	1180
— Georgian	770	790	810	830	850	920	980	1050	1120	1180	1250	1310
- Araksinian	790	810	830	850	870	940	1010	1080	1150	1210	1280	1350
Pine:
- cedar	430	440	450	460	480	410	550	580	620	660	700	730
- Siberian	430	440	450	460	480	410	550	580	620	660	700	730
- ordinary	500	510	520	540	550	590	640	680	720	760	810	850
Fir:
- Siberian	370	380	390	400	410	440	470	510	540	570	600	630
- white-haired	390	400	410	420	430	470	500	530	570	600	630	660
- whole leaf	390	400	410	420	430	470	500	530	570	600	630	660
- white	420	430	440	450	460	500	540	570	610	640	680	710
- Caucasian	430	440	450	460	480	510	550	580	620	660	700	730
Ash:
- Manchurian	640	660	680	690	710	770	820	880	930	990	1040	1100
- ordinary	670	690	710	730	740	800	860	920	980	1030	1090	1150
- acute-fruited	790	810	830	850	870	940	1010	1080	1150	1210	1280	1350

The table shows average mass values. Possible maximum and minimum mass values ​​are 1.3 and 0.7, respectively, from its average value

Source: http://wood-prom.ru/clauses/spravochnye-dannye/skolko-vesit-kub-drevesiny

Density of gold, its specific gravity and fineness

Gold is a metal familiar to everyone. Jewelry made from precious metal is popular, especially among women. Gold is one of the most expensive metals in the world and is one of the top three in terms of cost per gram. You can see different numbers on the products. They mean the sample of the metal. Having certain knowledge, you can determine the density of gold.

Units

In D. Mendeleev’s periodic table of chemical elements, this noble metal, as an element, occupies 11th place. The specific gravity of gold is measured in various ways:

• kilograms per cubic meter (abbreviated kg/m3);
• grams per cubic centimeter (abbreviated g/cm3);
• dyne per cubic centimeter (abbreviated dyne/cm3).

Mass and density are interrelated. Provided that the mass of the precious metal is indicated in grams per cubic meter, the same data will also be an analogue of the density of the metal. That is why, knowing the density of gold and silver, you can determine the mass of the precious metal.

The specific gravity of an element can be calculated using a special formula. It looks like this: Y (specific gravity of the element) = P (real weight) / V (density).

Calculation using this formula is used exclusively for gold products. When calculating the mass of other elements, there is likely to be a large error.

Gold is one of the heaviest metals. It ranks seventh among other metals. The density of the yellow precious metal is 19.32 g per cubic centimeter. For clarity, a small ball made of pure noble metal with a diameter of only 4.6 cm has a weight of 1 kg.

Due to the high density of the yellow precious metal, its extraction becomes easy. During the washing process, the rocks are screened out from nuggets and gold sand.

Despite its significant weight , gold in its pure form is very rarely used . This is due to the fact that yellow metal is very soft. Products made from it are easily bent, broken, deformed and do not have sufficient strength.

That is why other metals are added to the alloy to increase its hardness. The most commonly used elements are palladium, silver, copper, platinum, nickel and other elements that are not necessarily included in the noble list.

The final mass of the product directly depends on what metals and in what quantities are included in the alloy. But the density indicator will remain unchanged.

Characteristics of individual alloys

The density of a material is a physical property that is determined by the mass of a certain unit of volume. The measurement of the parameter is determined by the ratio of the mass and size of the body.

An alloy of gold with other metals is indicated by a breakdown, which is applied directly to the product.

Rare samples

The highest and rarest standard is 999. It cannot be found on jewelry. This means pure precious metal that is not used for production. The density of 999 gold is 19.3 grams per cubic centimeter.

Slightly more than 96% of pure gold is contained in products marked 958. However, they are extremely rare due to the fragility of the metal and the impossibility of polishing it. The density of this material is 18.3 g/cm3.

900 and 917 samples are rare in Russia. High-quality jewelry is made only to order. Previously, coins were minted from gold metal of the highest standard , which is why the samples are called coin samples. The composition of gold in them is 90%. The alloy contains silver and copper in prescribed proportions. Density indicators for such alloys vary from 17.3 to 17.9 grams per cubic centimeter.

75.5% of the precious metal is contained in products of 750 standard. Additionally, palladium, copper, platinum, silver, and nickel are introduced into the alloy. A fairly durable metal that can be processed, polished and has good strength characteristics. The density of 750 gold varies from 14.4 to 17.4 grams per cubic centimeter.

Most Popular

585 standard (583 in the Soviet Union) contains more than 58% pure yellow metal. The main components of the alloy are silver, nickel, palladium and copper. This is the most popular alloy in jewelry. It is durable, hard, and easy to work with. Most of the jewelry is made from 585 alloy. Its average density is 13 g/cm3.

Products marked 500 contain 50.5% gold. The remaining 49.5% is made up of copper and silver, and not in equal proportions, so the color of the product directly depends on the amount of silver in the alloy. The density of the alloy is 12.3 g per cubic centimeter.

375 standard is considered the cheapest. It contains 38% pure yellow precious metal, the rest is occupied by copper and silver. Low-grade gold tends to deteriorate in appearance when exposed to oxygen and tarnishes over time. The density of the alloy is 11.5 g/cm3.

As a rule, the alloy contains only elements that have a similar specific gravity and density to gold. However, there is a danger of getting a fake instead of gold jewelry. Most often, tungsten is disguised as a yellow precious metal. It has similar performance and appearance. It is extremely difficult to distinguish a fake from the original.

Determination of carat weight

British carats are a traditional value used to measure the purity of gold and its weight in a product. The smallest value is 8 carats (K). The specific gravity of 999 gold is 24 carats. If other elements are added to the alloy to change the characteristics of the metal, the carat value drops. The 18-karat precious metal contains 6 parts of impurities and 18 parts of pure gold.

For example, high-grade 917 gold has a mass of 22 carats. And such a popular 585 alloy is only 14 carats.

Hydrostatic method of analysis

When receiving gold products in special institutions, they are checked for compliance with the specified standard. There are many methods, among which the hydrostatic method is common, which allows you to identify the exact amount of precious metal in the product, based on the gravity of the element.

A precious metal product is weighed in the open air, and then measurements are made in a special liquid with a known density. The calculation is made from the difference in indicators.

For such a product study you need:

• a transparent glass (preferably measuring);
• jewelry scales;
• thin thread or fishing line;
• distilled water (the density of which is known).

A gold product is weighed under normal conditions on a scale. The indicators are recorded. Next, place a glass filled to the middle with distilled water on the scales, and reduce the scale readings to zero (using a special zero button). A gold product is attached to a thread and immersed in the center of the liquid so that it does not touch the walls and does not sink to the bottom. The result obtained is also recorded on the scales.

Calculation of the mass of pure gold in a product is done by calculating the difference in indicators on a special hydraulic calculator. It is possible to calculate the value without it, however, the calculation in this case will take more time and will have an error.

Determination of the gold standard by this method is carried out only for solid products that do not have inserts of other metals. If the product contains stones or many moving hollow parts, then the data will obviously be incorrect.

The density of pure gold in jewelry is the basis for jewelry pricing. Knowing how much pure precious metal is in a particular product will help you avoid overpaying for jewelry, and will also reduce the risks of purchasing a fake.

Source: https://VseoMetallah.ru/zoloto/plotnost-udelnyj-ves-i-proba

Specific gravity of gold: how much does a cube of different purity weigh (585, 999), how to calculate it yourself at home

Good afternoon. Today I will continue talking about precious metals. We admire their shine in openwork items, price them in jewelry stores, weigh them in our hands, feeling the pleasant heaviness of the precious metal.

Today my friend brought a ring and asks me to determine the material of the product. You can't tell by color whether it's gold or platinum. The sample is half erased and cannot be seen. From my school physics course, I vaguely remember that the specific gravity of gold is very high. Does this have any significance? I'll try to figure it out.

What is specific gravity

A conventional value showing how much a cube with sides of 1 meter (centimeter) will weigh is called specific gravity (volume weight). It is measured in kilograms per cubic meter (grams per cubic centimeter).

At the Earth's poles, the force of gravity is greater, so the density of the substance (that is, the ratio of the mass of the metal to the volume) is taken as the basis for measurements, which differs by the value of the acceleration of gravity, depending on the location of measurement (from 9.780 m/s2 at the equator to 9.832 m/s2 at poles).

Specific gravity is confused with density; their numerical values ​​in different measurement systems are the same. In my case, when the difference in the acceleration of free fall can be neglected, such a loose comparison is acceptable.

Table of specific gravity of gold depending on the sample

Gold is a soft metal. To improve its technological properties, various alloys are added to the alloy. The sample indicates the proportion of precious metal in thousandths of the alloy. Hallmark 999 is an alloy containing 999 parts of pure gold and 1 part of impurities. Impurities significantly affect the density of the alloy:

Try	% precious metal	Density g/cm3
375	37,5	11,55
585	58,5	12,85–13,24
750	75,0	15,3–16,6
999	99,9	19,3

The difference in density for the same alloy sample is due to the different composition of impurities (silver, palladium and copper, which paint products in different colors).

How to determine specific gravity at home

If necessary, at home you can determine the density of the product and use tables to approximately determine its composition.

1. I weigh the product with an accuracy of 0.1 g: the ring brought for examination showed 2.5 g.
2. I pour purified water into a beaker and measure the level in milliliters according to its divisions.
3. I lower the product into a beaker with purified water and measure the new level.
4. I determine the change in liquid level (by the difference of two measurements). My product volume is approximately 0.25 ml.
5. I divide the result of step 1 by the amount of volume (item 4). When dividing 2.5/0.25 = 10 g/cm3 (since 1 ml = 1 cm3). My measurements showed that the product (taking into account measurement error) is made of silver (10.5 g/cm3).

Metals with similar specific gravity values

Tungsten has a density close to gold (compare its 19.25 g/cm3 with the table). But tungsten has much greater hardness. Therefore, for counterfeiting, tungsten ingots can be coated with gold on top.

Jewelry made of lead with gold plating has the same density as jewelry made of 375 gold. The 417 standard used in the West is easily counterfeited. The 585 sample, popular in Russia, differs significantly in density from lead (11.34 g/cm3).

Conclusion

Specific gravity is an important indicator characterizing the quantitative characteristics of the precious metal content in an alloy. GOST 6835-2002 “Gold and alloys based on it” strictly defines the percentage, composition of impurities and specific gravities of alloys. If necessary, you can always distinguish gold from other metals, even if there is no hallmark on the product.

Goodbye, see you again. Subscribe to our articles and share your impressions on social networks. A lot of useful and interesting things await you ahead.

Source: https://zhazhdazolota.ru/interesnoe/udelnyj-ves-prob

How much does gold weigh

Throughout human history, gold has had a high price. It was only during the reign of King Solomon that gold was practically priceless. In general, this precious metal is the most desirable for every person. For most, its presence is much more valuable, even if the chain is made of the highest standard and has a small weight.

But if you think about it in general, how much does gold weigh? It is clear that the answer to this question will largely depend on what state it is in, for example, ingot or other form. Now we bring to your attention a detailed look at how much a gold bar weighs, as well as how much gold weighs in ounces and grams.

Moreover, let's consider interesting facts that are associated with the use of gold in our lives.

How much does a gold bar weigh?

An ingot, or “ingot” as it is called, is a block of metal, in our case gold. Moreover, the ingot comes in different shapes, categories and weights. In banks, as a rule, the bar has the highest purity of 999.96. Such gold is considered almost pure. Gold bars have two types:

In most cases, such bars weigh 1000 grams . If you want to purchase such an ingot, then you can do this at any bank. As for standard ingots, their weight is regulated by the state and industry standards.

The weight of such an ingot ranges from 11 kilograms to 13.3 kilograms . Another interesting fact. On the territory of Ukraine, gold bars of non-standard weight are produced, for example: 500, 250, 100, 50, 20, 10, 5 and even 1 gram .

According to official information, the weight of the largest ingot on earth, made of the purest gold, is 200 kilograms .

If we talk about the method of making gold, then there is also a difference. For example, stamped ingots are cut from flat sheets, while cast ingots are produced in finished molds. Moreover, gold is produced in the form of semi-finished products, namely wire, ribbons or foil. Most recently, a chip gold bar was made the size of a credit card. In this case, the bar weighs from 1 to 20 grams , which is sealed in certified packaging.

Another interesting fact is that in 1943, a gold reserve law was passed in the United States of America. It stated that this precious metal should be stored only in bullion. Its standard weight should be 400 troy ounces, but for commercial purposes in the United States different weights of bars are allowed.

So, for the production of jewelry, an ingot weighs 1 kilogram, but in places where gold is mined, an ingot weighs 1200 troy ounces, where they are cast. So, the conclusion suggests itself: in one ingot of 999 fineness, there are 999 grams of pure gold per 1 kilogram. It is clear that the ratio of gold in our chains is completely different.

This is due to the fact that gold is a soft metal, so the chains would break very quickly, and the rings would simply bend.

Another comparison of values ​​is also surprising. As mentioned above, the standard weight of a gold bar is on average 11 - 13.3 kilograms. This mass is much heavier than a bucket filled with water. Therefore, when you next carry a bucket of water, you can imagine the mass of a standard-sized gold bar. It is unlikely that you will be able to hold it at least once, but no one can stop you from imagining it!

Weight of gold in a troy ounce! The history of its appearance

The troy ounce is a non-metric unit of weight commonly used in international commodity markets. In this case, the sale or purchase of gold is carried out. But how much does one ounce of gold weigh? How many grams does it contain?

One troy ounce contains 31 grams of the highest purity gold. To be very precise, then:

1 ounce = 31.1034768 grams.

Where did this dimension come from? Its appearance is attributed to the French city of Troyes during the Middle Ages. At that time it was a major financial and commercial center of Europe. Moreover, it was in this city that the most famous accurate money changers were located.

Many gold coins of that time, in most cases, weighed around 30 grams . For this reason, the troy ounce also has a similar weight and is still used in banking, jewelry and numismatics.

And still in the world, many coins are issued based on the weight of an ounce or its small fraction, namely: a third of an ounce, a half, and the like.

As for the cost of an ounce against the dollar, this was and remains the main quotation for gold throughout the world. Its value is determined using the London fixing. It is held twice a day by major players in the gold market. However, the world knows not only the size of a troy ounce of gold.

Gold in other dimensions

All over the world, other measures of gold were previously and even now used. Here are the most famous:

• An ancient Roman ounce had an approximate weight of 27.3 grams .
• An ounce of Maria Teresa had a weight - 31,1025.
• 1 pharmacy, which was used on the territory of Russia until the thirties of the twentieth century, was equal to 29.860 grams .

Each of these units of measurement is close to the sum of 30. This is precisely related to what was discussed above. Large gold coins had exactly this weight. Most likely, such an amount of metal was extremely convenient to use in trade matters. Similarly, in our times there are popular banknotes, for example, 100 dollars, 100 euros or 5,000 rubles.

But there are other measures for measuring the weight of gold, although they are less common, and if so, then only within this country. For example, the Jewish measure shekel is known - 1 shekel = 11.4 grams of pure gold . In Luxembourg, gold is measured in the unit of measurement - scrap or tola. So, 1 tola is equal to 11.6638 grams .

In Taiwan, gold is measured in bas, which is 15.244 grams . Thailand also has its own unit for measuring the weight of gold - tael, where 1 tael = 37.5 grams of gold . Not far from this value is another measure with the same name - tael, which is used in China and Hong Kong.

In these territories, 1 tael = 37.429 grams of gold .

Interesting facts about gold. How much is there?

Gold is used not only in trading operations. For example, for many years this precious metal has been used to reward athletes at the Olympic Games who took first place.

For the first time back in 1894 in Paris, a gold medal was awarded for first place, which was coated with a pure weight of 6 grams of gold . This weight was considered the standard, but over the years it has been deviated from.

Such a prize was not always welcomed, and only in 1908, at the fourth Olympic Games, they began to award medals again, only this time the medal was made entirely of gold.

Its size was small with a diameter of 3.3 centimeters, but the weight of the gold medal was 25 grams. It is worth noting that the value of such a medal has never been measured by its actual cost. For example, today a standard gold medal can cost a maximum of 250 US dollars.

This fact is confirmed by one case when the Polish swimmer in 2004, Otylya Jedrzejczak, sold her gold medal at auction, which she received in Athens, for as much as 82,500 US dollars.

The conclusion is obvious: if you want to make good money on gold, then you should win the Olympic Games and get a medal weighing 6.5 grams worth $250, sell it for 85.5 thousand! Not a bad investment for the future!

Another interesting fact, or rather, the question: how much does the gold of the entire Earth weigh? According to some estimates, approximately 145,000 tons .

But then another question arises: how many tons of gold are produced each year? It should be noted that gold mining or production is growing every year. In 2001 alone, 2,604 tons of gold were produced. But these figures can safely be called relative.

Why? The thing is that every year illegal gold mining takes place in a number of countries. Accordingly, the exact mass of gold mined for one current year can be stated relatively!

Well, have you ever thought about how much a ton of gold is? As mentioned above, gold is usually measured in ounces, which is equal to 31.1034768 grams. It's very easy to calculate. The density of gold per cubic centimeter is 19.32 grams. As for the ounce, its density is 1.61 grams per cubic centimeter. So, 1 t = 1000 kg ≈ 32,150.72 troy ounces. As a result, all that remains is to do the following multiplication:

1.61 × 32,150.72 = 51,762 cubic centimeters.

Accordingly, a ton of gold is equal to a small cube whose side alone measures 37.27 centimeters. If you had a gold bar in front of you that had one cubic meter, then it would weigh 19.321 tons .

It is worth mentioning separately about the ancients of this world. Just imagine, the golden sarcophagus of Tutankhamun weighed 1.5 tons .

So, as you can see, the answer to the question of how much gold weighs is quite varied. It all depends on what condition it is in. But everyone would agree that they wanted to have at least a small piece of gold of the highest standard, even the smallest size!

Source: http://www.skolko-skolko.ru/skolko-vesit-zoloto