Neodymium magnets

How to use neodymium magnet?

Neodymium magnets are the strongest (their attractive force is several times higher than analogues based on rare earth metals). In addition, neodymium retains magnetization much longer. The point is that the service life of a neodymium magnet is much longer than the average human lifespan. Neodymium magnets have a whole host of applications in everyday life. But do not forget that not all of them are legal.

Retail neodymium magnets of any configuration can be purchased online. Next, we describe possible areas of their application. Illegal use means, first of all, the installation of neodymium magnets on the nature of accounting. First of all, this is theft. Secondly, a neodymium magnet disables metering equipment.

Recommendations for the use of neodymium magnets

Lifehacks are as follows:

• a magnet as a holder for self-tapping screws during operation;
• magnet as a tool holder in the garage;
• magnet as a holder for kitchen utensils (knives, ladles, etc.);
• magnet by the door as a key holder.

Despite the enormous attractive force, neodymium magnets have very modest dimensions. Moreover, their weight is relatively light. This suggests that installing a neodymium magnet on any surface is possible using an ordinary glue gun.

When storing neodymium magnets, you should be extremely careful. After all, if they connect with each other, it will be very difficult to separate them. Moreover, their force of attraction will be so great that it can injure a person.

Neodymium magnets in electrical engineering

Of course, such magnets are used in many technical solutions. Examples include on-ear headphones, wind generators, and wheel motors for bicycles and scooters.

By the way, you can make a wind generator yourself. On the Internet, without any problems, you can find diagrams of both the generator itself and the propeller (implying the construction of the blades).

Neodymium magnets are not prohibited items for postal delivery (unlike electric batteries). If you buy a large number of neodymium magnets, be prepared for difficult separation (despite the presence of porous gaskets between adjacent magnets).

Source: http://euroelectrica.ru/kak-ispolzovat-neodimovyj-magnit/

How are neodymium magnets made?

Magnets have long been known to man, and their properties are used to solve certain types of problems. There are a huge number of such products, among which neodymium products stand out.

Magnets of this type have unique properties that are significantly higher than those of conventional products. You can purchase a neodymium magnet cheaply on various websites, where all its main characteristics are immediately indicated.

Main characteristics

Such products are obtained from 3 main components:

Neodymium magnets have much greater attractive force than their counterparts made from other materials. There are several classes of such products that divide products according to their main characteristics.

Magnets of this type are very durable and lose 1% of their power only after 10 years, which makes them practically irreplaceable. The scope of their application is quite wide, from use as metal filters to the production of DVD discs.

Manufacturing method

The manufacturing process of neodymium magnets can be divided into several successive stages:

1. Receiving raw materials. This happens in a special induction furnace, where all components are melted and receive all their basic future properties.
2. At the next stage, the resulting mass is ground into powder.
3. Then the process of manufacturing blanks from the obtained raw materials occurs. Also during this procedure, the direction of the magnetic field is indicated.
4. When the workpieces are ready, they are sintered using a special method at a temperature of about 1000-1100 degrees.
5. The next step is grinding the resulting products. This happens with the help of a special tool. After which all the workpieces are annealed to increase the coercive force.
6. Almost at the very end, all resulting products are subject to magnetization in special installations.
7. The final stage of production is the application of a protective coating to the magnet to protect it from destruction. In most cases, so-called galvanic elements (nickel, copper, etc.) are used for this.

The procedure for producing neodymium magnets is quite complex, allowing you to obtain products with different properties.

In the future they may be used in special ways, but they are all very powerful and are packaged in specific packaging during the manufacturing process to allow them to be optimally transported.

Source: http://domkrat.org/kak-delayut-neodimovyie-magnityi/

About magnets

 

   Neodymium magnet is a phrase that everyone has heard at least once, but not everyone knows what it is and what it is needed for. Surely as a child you played with magnets and with 99% accuracy we can say that they were ferrite magnets. You could find such magnets in old speakers and many other places.

Neodymium magnets appeared relatively recently, and they could be found on sale in the 90s. Such magnets are made of neodymium, iron and boron. It is neodymium, a metal of the lanthanide group, that is the basis for creating magnets with fantastic adhesive strength.

It is impossible to pull large neodymium magnets away from each other manually.

A neodymium magnet (also known as NdFeB, NIB, or Neo magnet) is an extremely powerful magnet made from rare earth metals: typically an alloy of neodymium, boron, and iron, forming the Nd2Fe14B tetragonal crystal structure. It was first developed in 1982 by General Motors in partnership with Sumitomo Special Metals.

These are the strongest permanent magnets commercially available, with more than 18 times the magnetic energy of conventional magnets. Neodymium magnets come in several classes, characterizing the strength of their attraction, for example, N28, N35, N38, N40, N45. The strongest magnet on this list is N45, but there are stronger ones.

A good neodymium magnet has a magnetic induction of at least 12,500 Gauss (Gauss is a unit of magnetic induction).

   They are much stronger than the more common ceramic magnets. Neodymium magnets are much more powerful than conventional magnets, but they are also more expensive than conventional ones. Therefore, you must work with them as carefully as possible, observing proper safety precautions.

Their magnetic fields can influence each other even at a distance of more than 30 centimeters. Please note that neodymium magnets are a brittle alloy.

They are usually coated with a hard nickel-plated protective layer, but do not allow multiple magnets to meet at their full strength, otherwise they may be damaged and small pieces of metal may break off on impact.​
 

This video shows how super magnets destroy various objects upon collision :

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   Neodymium magnets are differentiated into classes depending on the magnitude of their magnetic moment per unit volume.

Higher values ​​of this indicator indicate stronger magnets and range from N35 to N52 .

The letters following the class name indicate its maximum operating temperatures (referring to the Curie temperature), which range from M (up to 100 degrees Celsius) to EH (200 degrees Celsius).

Classes of neodymium magnets:

              ► N35-N52

              ► N33M-N48M

              ► N30H-N45H

              ► N30SH-N42SH

              ► N30UH-N35UH

              ► N28EH-N35EH

  Neodymium magnets attract metal objects with such great force that if your hand accidentally gets between the magnet and the object of attraction at the moment of their collision, you can easily bruise your fingers, crush your hands and even break a few bones.

Therefore, be extremely careful when handling neodymium magnets and never let small children play with them . Always wear safety glasses when working with magnets.

Keep magnets a safe distance from any magnetic storage devices, such as desktop and laptop computers, hard drives, floppy disks, audio cassettes, video cassettes, and credit cards. It is recommended to maintain a distance of at least one meter between magnets and these objects.

If a child swallows small magnets (they come in different sizes), they can bond with each other inside the digestive system, blocking it from working properly, and can even cause death. Therefore, it is best not to allow children to play with magnets at all, or to allow them to do so only under the strict supervision of adults.

In this video, the expert clearly demonstrates what will happen to a hand if it gets caught between two neodymium magnets :

 

   Neodymium magnets lose their attractive force very slowly. At room temperature, they lose no more than 2% of their magnetization in 10 years. But at the same time, they can be quickly demagnetized if heated above the Curie temperature for each class of neodymium magnets. For the simplest magnets this temperature is only 80°C. In this case, the neodymium magnet will completely lose its magnetic properties.

Where are neodymium magnets used?

   When purchasing neodymium magnets, always pay attention to their attractive force. Buy a magnet with an induction of 12500 gauss or higher and do not be fooled by inexpensive offers so as not to be deceived. Nowadays, neodymium magnets are available in any size and shape; buying them is not a problem at all. Particularly popular are magnets in the form of a round platform (washer) with a hook.

Such a neodymium magnet can be used for various purposes: for example, to attach it to walls and hang various objects on a hook, or to tie a rope to a magnet using the hook and use it to retrieve metal objects from wells, various reservoirs, or even from a cesspool.

The magnet's attractive force is so powerful that it will attract all lost metal objects even in a heterogeneous, dense environment.

   A good confirmation of these words is the use of powerful magnets in agriculture. A neodymium magnet, tied on a rope to a tractor plow, when cultivating a field, will collect all metal objects from the top layer of the earth - lost parts of agricultural equipment, nails, nuts, chains and the like.

Neodymium magnets are also used in computer hard drives and DVD drives. They are used for the manufacture of powerful acoustics with high speaker volume, as well as in ordinary headphones, mobile phones, smartphones, tablets and the like.

Powerful neodymium supermagnets are widely used by oil workers to extract metal shavings from petroleum products. In medicine, neodymium magnets are used in magnetic resonance imaging machines.

Neodymium supermagnets

   These are incredibly powerful and extremely dangerous Ni-Cu-Ni magnets of class N45 and higher with a magnetic induction of 12500 Gauss, which are sold only to adults, and, as a rule, an adult’s signature is required upon delivery of the magnet to the buyer.

Imagine: a small magnet that fits in the palm of your hand can hold over 360 kilograms of weight! They are used for magnetic control of elementary particles in accelerators, the manufacture of levitating devices, magnetic amplifiers of electrical signals, industrial ferrous metal scrap separators, and so on.

In domestic conditions, neodymium supermagnets affect all sensitive devices inside the room (for example, radios, televisions or CRT monitors). In this case, loose metal objects and other magnets can be carried through the air and fly at high speed to attach themselves to powerful supermagnets.

   And if the opposing poles fly towards each other and a person accidentally ends up between them, then he can be seriously injured or killed. At the moment of collision with a person, the magnets will simply crush his bones, crush his fingers and break his ribs or arm in the blink of an eye.

Just recently, a sad story happened: a small child lost his hand when his father left two supermagnets unattended.

The child simply took one magnet in his hand, and when he passed by another magnet, which was lying on a nearby table, it flew through the air and crushed the child’s small hand with a strong blow. Therefore the conclusion is:

NEVER ALLOW CHILDREN TO PLAY WITH NEODYMIUM MAGNETS!

Interesting fact #1: neodymium supermagnets are transported only by land. They cannot be sent by air because they will interfere with the aircraft's navigation equipment. All supermagnets are packaged either in small wooden boxes or with large polystyrene foam blocks/panels in double-walled cardboard boxes to minimize exposure to magnetic fields during transport.

Interesting fact No. 2: 50,000 - 80,000 tons of neodymium magnets are officially produced in China every year! China mines more than 95% of rare earth elements and produces about 76% of the world's total rare earth magnets.

Reference:
Gauss (G) or Tesla (T) is a unit of measurement of magnetic field induction, equal to the induction of such a uniform magnetic field in which a force of 1 newton acts on 1 meter of the length of a straight conductor perpendicular to the magnetic induction vector with a current of 1 ampere.

The Curie temperature is the temperature of a second-order phase transition, at which an abrupt change in the properties of a substance occurs. At the Curie temperature, a phase transition occurs from a ferromagnet to a paramagnetic or between the polar and nonpolar phases of a ferroelectric.

Source: https://neodimtve.ru/page/%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1 %8F

Powerful magnets

> Theory > Powerful magnets

Even in ancient China, attention was paid to the attractive properties of some metals. This physical phenomenon is called magnetism, and materials that have this ability are called magnets.

Now this property is actively used in radio electronics and industry, and especially powerful magnets are used, among other things, for lifting and transporting large volumes of metal. The properties of these materials are also used in everyday life - many people know magnetic cards and letters for teaching children.

What kind of magnets there are, where they are used, what neodymium is, this text will tell you about it.

Types of magnets

In the modern world, they are classified into three main categories based on the type of magnetic field they create:

• permanent, consisting of a natural material that has these physical properties, for example, neodymium;
• temporary, possessing these properties while in the field of action of a magnetic field;
• Electromagnets are coils of wire on a core that create an electromagnetic field when energy passes through the conductor.

In turn, the most common permanent magnets are divided into five main classes, according to their chemical composition:

• ferromagnets based on iron and its alloys with barium and strontium;
• neodymium magnets containing the rare earth metal neodymium in an alloy with iron and boron (Nd-Fe-B, NdFeB, NIB);
• samarium-cobalt alloys, which have magnetic characteristics comparable to neodymium, but at the same time a wider temperature range of application (SmCo);
• Alnico alloy, also known as UNDC, this alloy is characterized by high corrosion resistance and a high temperature limit;
• magnetoplasts, which are a mixture of a magnetic alloy with a binder, this allows you to create products of various shapes and sizes.

Ferrites

Alloys of magnetic metals are brittle and fairly cheap products with average qualities. It is usually an alloy of iron oxide with strontium and barium ferrites. The temperature range for stable operation of the magnet is not higher than 250-270°C. Specifications:

• coercive force – about 200 kA/m;
• residual induction – up to 0.4 Tesla;
• average service life is 20-30 years.

What are neodymium magnets

These are the most powerful of the permanent ones, but at the same time they are quite fragile and not resistant to corrosion; these alloys are based on the rare earth mineral - neodymium. This is the strongest permanent magnet.

Characteristics:

• coercive force – about 1000 kA/m;
• residual induction – up to 1.1 Tesla;
• average service life is up to 50 years.

Their use is limited only by the low limit of the temperature range; for the most heat-resistant brands of neodymium magnet it is 140°C, while less resistant ones are destroyed at temperatures above 80 degrees.

Samarium-cobalt alloys

Possessing high technical characteristics, but at the same time very expensive alloys.

Characteristics:

• coercive force – about 700 kA/m;
• residual induction – up to 0.8-1.0 Tesla;
• average service life is 15-20 years.

They are used for difficult working conditions: high temperatures, aggressive environments and heavy loads. Due to their relatively high cost, their use is somewhat limited.

Alnico

A powder alloy of cobalt (37-40%) with the addition of aluminum and nickel also has good performance characteristics, in addition to the ability to retain its magnetic properties at temperatures up to 550°C. Their technical characteristics are lower than those of ferromagnetic alloys and are:

• coercive force – about 50 kA/m;
• residual induction – up to 0.7 Tesla;
• average service life is 10-20 years.

But, despite this, it is this alloy that is most interesting for use in the scientific field. In addition, the addition of titanium and niobium to the alloy helps to increase the coercive force of the alloy to 145-150 kA/m.

Magnetic plastics

They are used mainly in everyday life for making magnetic cards, calendars and other small things; the characteristics of the magnetic field decrease slightly due to the lower concentration of the magnetic composition.

These are the main types of permanent magnets. The principle of operation and application of an electromagnet differs somewhat from such alloys.

Interesting. Neodymium magnets are used almost everywhere, including in design to create floating structures, and in culture for the same purposes.

Electromagnet and demagnetizer

If an electromagnet creates a field when passing through the turns of the winding of electricity, then the demagnetizer, on the contrary, removes the residual magnetic field. This effect can be used for various purposes.

For example, what can be done with a demagnetizer? Previously, the demagnetizer was used to demagnetize the playback heads of tape recorders, television picture tubes and perform other similar functions.

Today it is often used for somewhat illegal purposes, to demagnetize meters after using magnets on them. In addition, this device can and should be used to remove residual magnetic fields from instruments.

The demagnetizer usually consists of an ordinary coil, in other words, in terms of design, this device completely replicates an electromagnet. An alternating voltage is applied to the coil, after which the device from which we remove the residual field is removed from the demagnetizer's coverage area, after which it turns off

Important! Using a magnet to “twist” the meter is illegal and will result in a fine. Improper use of the demagnetizer can lead to complete demagnetization of the device and its failure.

Making your own magnet

To do this, it is enough to find a metal bar made of steel or other ferroalloy; you can use the composite core of the transformer, and then make a winding. Wind several turns of copper winding wire around the core. For safety, it is worth including a fuse in the circuit. How to make a powerful magnet? To do this, you need to increase the current strength in the winding; the higher it is, the greater the magnetic force of the device.

When the device is connected to the network and electricity is supplied to the winding, the device will attract metal, that is, in fact, it is a real electromagnet, albeit of a somewhat simplified design.

In the modern world, magnetic field energy is widely used. Both in industry, radio electronics and electrical engineering, and for domestic purposes. Dozens of different devices have been created to generate a magnetic field, and the natural properties of minerals are also used.

The most widely used permanent magnet is the neodymium magnet. Its use and widespread use is due to both its cost and excellent technical characteristics. Its disadvantages are: a tendency to corrosion and fear of high temperatures. For this reason, in difficult operating conditions, other types are used that do not have these limitations.

Magnetic field energy density

Source: https://jelectro.ru/teoriya/moshhnye-magnity.html

What a neodymium magnet can do in everyday life - we reveal all the secrets

Neodymium magnets have now firmly replaced simple ones. They are made from NdFeB metal alloy, which has excellent magnetic properties. Result: the device is better magnetized and much more resistant to demagnetization, unlike the usual one.

We will consider what can be made from a neodymium magnet in the material.

Areas of application of neodymium magnets

The first thing that comes to mind is the production of toys and puzzles from this alloy. As a rule, for these purposes, not the strongest magnet is used, which is produced in the form of balls. Crafts made from magnets can be formed into various shapes, and complex sculptural forms in miniature can be formed from neodymium. But it is important to remember that such a toy is prohibited from being given to children under 6 years of age.

A pair of magnets placed in the stomach or intestines can hook the walls of the esophagus, which in turn will lead to perforation, and the victim will inevitably end up in the hospital.

You can make various fasteners from a magnet with your own hands. A pair of medium-sized magnets can be used as a vice. The use of an alloy, in this case, is much more practical, in contrast to a vice made of ordinary metal. Parts of non-standard shapes will be fixed more reliably.

For car enthusiasts, this alloy is generally irreplaceable and can be used in a wide variety of ways. For example, not everyone knew that a magnet can be used to filter oil in an oil filter.

If you install it on the drain plug in the engine crankcase, then all metal debris will accumulate at the installation site, which will subsequently make it easier to remove.

Using magnets, it is convenient to search for small metal objects, such as needles or pins on a fleecy carpet. Neodymium can be used to search for metals in the ground or various communications in walls.

The device is suitable for magnetizing various steel objects, such as screwdrivers, needles and more. With its help, a tool or other steel equipment is fixed. Properly installed magnetic holders will help you organize your tools correctly in the workshop or even in the kitchen.

In addition, an alloy of such power can magnetize even an old demagnetized magnet.

It is often used to format information on electronic media.

Information from video and audio cassettes, as well as from the hard drive and from credit cards, is permanently deleted using a powerful magnetic field.

Options for using magnets in everyday life

Neodymium magnet is widely used in everyday life. The main thing is to be able to show your imagination. There are both standard methods and very interesting applications.

Amazing spice rack

To ensure that spices are always at hand and do not take up much space, you can design a special shelf using neodymium. For this you will need:

1. Metal jars with a transparent lid.
2. Neodymium magnet with a diameter of 1.5x6 mm.
3. Epoxy resin.
4. 100 grit sandpaper.

We sand the bottom of the jars on the outside and use resin to attach magnets. After this, they will stick securely to any metal surface.

Life hack: you can create a metal surface yourself. Simply attach a metal plate to a regular covering. If it is missing, use what you have. For example, the refrigerator door. At the same time, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the master class on creating refrigerator magnets with your own hands without dust and worries.

It turns out beautiful and neat.

Scissors and household tools at hand

Knives, scissors and other household utensils can also be attached to neodymium clamps. To do this, just choose a suitable place, create a strip of magnet and install it. And then kitchen utensils will always be at hand.

By the way, you can use magnets from speakers for this, the main thing is to design them beautifully.

Beer storage method

Source: https://ShkolaPodelok.ru/iz-drugih-materialov/chto-mozhno-sdelat-iz-neodimovogo-magnita.html

What are neodymium magnets?

Details Details 30.11.-0001 00:00 2446

Neodymium magnets are permanent magnets composed of rare earth elements. They are used in many areas, but can cause injury if handled incorrectly.

Neodymium magnets, also called Neo-magnets, are an alloy of neodymium, iron and boron. Their chemical formula is Nd2Fe14B. They are called rare earth magnets because their main element, neodymium, falls into the lanthanide series of the periodic table. The chemical elements in this series are mostly rare on Earth. Although this element is part of this series, it is not that rare on the earth's surface.

Story

Neodymium (atomic weight 60) was discovered in 1885, by an Austrian scientist named Baron Karl Auer von Welsbach. The cost of permanent magnets - samarium cobalt (SmCo), which were developed earlier, was too high. Thus, the need to find a more economical option led to the discovery of neodymium magnets.

Properties

They are very strong compared to their size. One such magnet can support more than 1,300 times its own weight in material. They are caustic and brittle in nature and are always supplied with a protective coating. Their strength lies in the range N24-N55; N55 is the strongest. The crystal structure of Nd2Fe14B has a tetragonal shape.

Let's take a look at the terms associated with magnetism:

• Curie Temperature: This is the temperature beyond which a magnet loses its magnetic properties.
• Coercivity: This is the intensity of the magnetic field to demagnetize the magnet, i.e. the energy of the magnetic field that causes the magnet to lose its magnetic properties. This is also called the magnet's resistance to demagnetization. The higher the coercive force, the stronger the magnet.
• Residual magnetization: a magnetic effect that remains in a medium after the magnet is removed.

The table below provides brief information on the magnetic properties of magnetoplasts and neodymium magnets:

Magnetic Properties	Block	Sintered neodymium magnet	Bonded neodymium magnet
Curie temperature (Tc)	Degrees Celsius	310 — 400	310 — 400
Coercivity (Hc)	kiloampere/meter (Oersted)	750 — 2000	600 — 1200
Residual magnetization (Br)	Tesla	1 — 1.4	0.6 — 0.7

Application

They have a wide range of applications in future technologies due to their economic cost and useful properties. Music systems, technical and computer equipment are some of the fields where these magnets can be used.

The following list gives a brief idea of ​​their applications:

• Security systems
• Loudspeakers
• Computer hard drives
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Household use (for storing metal objects)
• Toys
• Magnetic therapy for diseases such as arthritis

Dangers

Since neodymium magnets are the strongest permanent magnets, they must be handled appropriately and used carefully. They are very strong; two such magnets of opposite polarity can be broken into pieces when attracted to each other.

They should always be kept away from small children who have a habit of swallowing things; if they swallow two such magnets of opposite polarity; Serious injury to internal organs such as the esophagus may be caused.

The sudden attraction of a large magnet to metal objects can cause serious injury such as broken bones. Data stored on floppy disks, CDs, hard drives and credit cards can be erased if they come into direct contact with such magnets.

They should be kept away from electronic devices such as televisions and computer monitors. Pacemakers do not function properly in the presence of any magnet, so the person who uses this device should not come into contact with these magnets.

Source: http://electrowelder.ru/index.php/news/54-metalworking/1438-what-are-neodymium-magnets.html

Neodymium magnets. Device and application. Kinds

Almost everyone is familiar with a magnet, because they often played with it in childhood or used it at school to attach thematic materials to the board. Today, magnets are used almost everywhere; they are an essential component for various electronic devices, engines, electric generators, and transformers. Very often, magnets are used to create clips, holders, souvenirs and toys.

The most powerful are neodymium magnets, which are made of a special alloy whose structure includes boron, iron and neodymium. It is these elements that determine their advantages and disadvantages in comparison with magnets made of other materials. It is neodymium magnets that today are universally replacing standard ferrite magnets, finding increasing use.

Neodymium magnets are extremely powerful magnets that are made from rare earth metals. Also known as Neo magnet, NIB or NdFeB. In most cases it is an alloy of neodymium, iron and boron, which forms Nd2Fe14B tetragonal crystal structure.

Neodymium magnets:

• They are distinguished by high resistance to demagnetization.
• They are distinguished by high power of attraction.
• They have a metallic appearance.
• They are extremely in demand; they are used in various fields of electronics, industry, medicine and in everyday life.

The first countries to master the production of neodymium magnets were Japan and the USA.

It was the actively developing potential of these countries that stimulated the emergence of new technologies for creating permanent magnets. The neodymium magnet was first developed by General Motors together with Sumitomo Special Metals in 1982. Currently, these are the strongest permanent magnets from a whole list of commercially available ones.

The magnets have a magnetic energy value that is more than 18 times that of conventional magnets.

The composition of the new magnet was as follows:

• Bor.
• Iron.
• The metal of the lanthanide group is neodymium.

The last element in the new alloy is a rare-earth element; it functions as the main element in the alloy. Boron is present in the alloy in negligible quantities, while iron is a binding element.

Thanks to this composition, magnets have incredibly high adhesive force. Ferrite magnets simply cannot compare with them in this indicator. For example, if you connect two powerful ferrite rings together, then by applying a certain force, you can use your hands to separate them. This simply cannot be done with neodymium magnets. It will be impossible to separate two neodymium magnets connected to each other with bare hands without the use of tools.

The price of the first neodymium magnets, which appeared on the market in the mid-90s of the last century, was quite high. Currently, their cost has decreased slightly, but it still remains high. This is explained by the relatively high rarity of neodymium, including the patent struggle between different manufacturers and developers of magnets.

There are a wide variety of brands and shapes of neodymium magnets. The varied shapes of neodymium magnets are due to their different purposes. So they can have the shape of cones, cylinders, rings, spheres, balls, rectangles, disks and the like. Using the ingredients of neodymium magnets, plastic materials that have magnetic properties are also created. For example, this is magnetic vinyl.

Magnets can be classified according to:

• Magnetic energy.
• Operating temperature range.
• Dimensions.
• Grip strength.

Depending on the brand, magnets differ in operating temperature ranges:

• Brand N (Normal) - up to 80 C, that is, at normal temperatures.
• M (Medium) - up to 100 C, that is, at elevated temperatures.
• H (High) – up to 120 C, that is, at high temperatures.
• SH (Super High) - up to 150 C.
• UH (Ultra High) - up to 180 C.
• EH (Extra High) - up to 200 C.

The numbers that are indicated in the magnet class designation: 40UH, 38SH, 33M, N30 and so on, indicate magnetic energy, it is measured in kJ per cubic meter. This criterion is responsible for the power, that is, the “pull force” that is required to be applied to the magnet in order to lift it from the surface. The higher the magnet designation, the higher the pull-out force will be.

At the same time, the “pull-off force” will also depend on the weight and size of the magnet. For example, a 2520 mm magnet will be an order of magnitude easier to tear off, for example, from a steel sheet than a magnet with an area of ​​405 mm.

Magnets are also differentiated into classes based on the magnitude of their magnetic moment per unit of volume. Classes of neodymium magnets:

• N35-N52;
• N33M-N48M;
• N30H-N45H;
• N30SH-N42SH;
• N30UH-N35UH;
• N28EH-N35EH.

When using neodymium magnets, their features should be taken into account

• The service life of neodymium magnets is at least 30 years; if properly used and stored, it can be an order of magnitude longer. But in some conditions they can be easily damaged and damaged beyond repair. Neodymium magnets are not flexible at all. They can break under a certain load and even crack, including losing their properties.
• Dropping or striking a magnet may cause magnet particles to break off, which may result in reduced adhesion properties. In addition, a strong enough impact can lead to loss of magnet properties. Therefore, dropping neodymium magnets should be avoided, including where parts and components may hit each other or fall.
• The magnetic properties of a magnet when exposed to high temperatures are lost irrevocably. Depending on the current brand of magnet, the heating limit can be in the range of 80-250 degrees Celsius. If heated above the standard temperature, the magnet loses all its properties. Self-demagnetization of neodymium magnets is about 1% over 10 years. This figure is quite high.
• Machining a neodymium magnet is almost impossible. When creating serial samples of magnets, after purchasing them for any purpose, it will be almost impossible to give the magnet any other shape. This is due to the fact that drilling the alloy, cutting with a cutting tool or grinding can cause the alloy to ignite. Including the high temperature that will be generated during friction, will cause a harmful effect on the magnet itself, as well as its properties.

Neodymium magnets are quite widely used in industry; they are used in conducting various experiments and experiments in the field of electrical engineering and physics

• Filters are equipped with powerful magnets that capture small metal particles in liquids or gases.
• Neodymium alloy magnets are also used in the production of souvenirs and toys.
• Magnets, due to their high adhesive force, are used to search for metal objects that lie underground. Today they are actively used by search engines involved in the restoration of wartime equipment.
• Neodymium alloys are used to create magnetic fasteners, which are used to secure various objects.
• For connecting parts of metal structures: strong, but easily separated if necessary.
• For fastening blinds, curtains and other elements associated with windows.
• Creation of levitating interior items and furniture. Recently, many designers, and even ordinary creative people, have been using neodymium magnets to make their tables, stands, trays, and beds truly floating.
• Creation of free energy generators, Tesla generators, magnetic valves, Searle generators, magnetic tunnels and Hall sensors. High-grade magnets are used in the Large Hadron Collider.
• Magnets are widely used in medicine, for example, in magnetic resonance imaging machines, and also to relieve arthritis pain.
• Neodymium magnets can be widely used in everyday life, from plumbing to attaching photographs or a calendar to the refrigerator.
• Magnets are used in the creation of computer hard drives.
• Leveling out small scratches and dents on musical instruments and parts. It is enough just to attach a powerful neodymium magnet to one side of the part, as well as a large steel ball to the other.
• Cleaning technical fluids and motor oils of a car from foreign metal particles and impurities leading to engine wear.
• Magnetization of water. A number of doctors recommend drinking water that has been treated with a magnetic field in order to increase immunity and improve well-being.
• Magnets are used to create lightweight, compact, but very powerful electric current generators, for example, wind turbines , hydroelectric power plants, and other alternative energy facilities.

The advantages of neodymium magnets include:

• The attractive power is tens of times greater than the power of a conventional magnet.
• They are in demand from large manufacturers, but they can also be purchased for household use. Magnets are sold in specialty stores and regular online stores.
• Due to the fairly high power, demagnetization does not occur for a long time. Over 10 years, only 1% demagnetization occurs.
• Possibility of wide application in various industries.
• Light weight and compact dimensions compared to other magnets with the same adhesion force.

The disadvantages of neodymium magnets include:

• Neodymium magnets can be hazardous to health and surrounding products in inexperienced and inept hands. They can damage the upholstery of metal furniture, cars and even walls. They should not be given to children.
• The magnets are very difficult to disengage, which in certain cases is a big drawback.
• Negative impact on the operation of electronics.
• Neodymium magnets cannot withstand strong drops or impacts.
• They lose their properties at relatively high temperatures.

Related topics:

Source: https://electrosam.ru/glavnaja/slabotochnye-seti/oborudovanie/neodimovye-magnity/

What are neodymium magnets used for?

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In principle, there are no more effective options than neodymium magnets. No ferrites can even come close in terms of magnetic characteristics. Just think, a 5-ruble coin, which is made of a neodymium magnet, can hold almost 9 kg of weight!

Where are neodymium magnets used?

Below are the most notable industries:

• electronics;
• toys;
• equipment (wind generators);
• everyday life

Neodymium magnets should be used with extreme caution in everyday life. The fact is that they have an incredible power of attraction. If you attach a magnet to a metal surface, you will hardly be able to even move it, let alone remove it.

Meanwhile, neodymium magnets are actively used in interior design. For example, in the bathroom there are a large number of communications (pipes) that need to be hidden to ensure the attractiveness of the room.

This can be done using plasterboard niches. But any plumber will confirm that bricking even into drywall is strictly prohibited by the rules.

However, a niche can always have a hatch that can be completely removed. This hatch is held in place by neodymium magnets (small in size).

Neodymium magnets in the form of a toy

You can find information online that says neodymium is an unusual metal that can heal and protect. Needless to say that this is just another nonsense of marketers (we all remember the zirconium bracelets that Buba Kikabidze tried to sell to us)?

However, neodymium magnets cannot be faulted for their beauty. It is a gray metal that can have a bright shine and can really be used to create attractive jewelry.

In addition, neodymium has recently begun to be used in the toy industry. Naturally, small balls are also used there, since the larger the dimensions of the magnet, the greater magnetism it has.

There should be no risk of injury. Meanwhile, even if magnets with two coins are placed above and under your hand, it is quite likely to get injured (bruises will form where the magnets touch).

The video will demonstrate various practical applications of neodymium magnets:

Source: http://glavspec.ru/dlya-chego-nuzhnyi-neodimovyie-magnityi.html

Neodymium magnet: a necessary accessory for everyday life and for entertainment

Every person has heard the expression “neodymium magnet” at least once. But not everyone knows what it is and what it is eaten with.

But in fact, almost everyone has encountered this item, they just didn’t know its correct name. What is it?

What kind of magnet is this and what is it for?

Neodymium magnets appeared relatively recently, in the 90s. They are made from neodymium, iron and boron.

Neodymium belongs to the lanthanide group metals and is the main component of a magnet, which has that incredible

These magnets can be found in old hard drives.

adhesion force. Large magnets cannot be separated from each other by an ordinary person.

Naturally, the average person comes across happy little versions of this item. But this pleasure is not cheap. Neodymium products are expensive due to the expensive extraction process.

If you look around, you can see how many objects with this magnet surround us. This includes the hard drive in a computer, household appliances, and generators. They are also used in filters in various industries.

Types of magnets

The shape and size of the future magnet is determined at the production stage. Neodymium, iron and bromine are ground into powder, then poured into special molds.

The resulting neodymium alloys undergo a magnetization process. Then they are plated with nickel, and super-powerful products are obtained.

There are several types of magnets, differing in size and, accordingly, in clutch power:

1. Small- sized – small-sized magnets. They are used in the production of souvenirs, toys and even jewelry. Small magnets are found in some actuators, linear motors, and magnetic locks. Small magnets have a high degree of adhesion.
2. Large magnets can be quite large in size. For example, rectangular ones reach sizes from 5 cm in length and width and 2.5 cm in height. This magnet can withstand a load of 125 kg. They are actively used in industry and in everyday life. Magnets in the form of disks and rings are used as holders and magnets.

Scope of application

Neodymium magnets have found wide application in everyday life and other areas of life.

Savings on payments

Using a neodymium magnet, you can stop or rewind counters.

Fixing objects

Neodymium magnets are used as clamps and retainers. The forces that such magnets can provide are strong enough to become a replacement for a clamp or vice.

By placing the parts to be glued between the magnets, you can ensure reliable fixation. It is important that this type of clamp reacts to shrinkage and pressing of the object, so during gluing the degree of compression will not weaken.

If you use several magnets, you will get several clamps that can hold large objects. For example, in various industries they are used to lift heavy loads.

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Engine oil purification

Most of the rubbing parts of motors, internal combustion engines, gearboxes and automobile transmissions run on oil.

Deterioration in oil quality occurs due to the accumulation of small metal particles in them. They even penetrate oil filters, becoming a kind of catalyst that accelerates the wear of parts.

When using powerful magnets, particles will stick to it and will be easily removed. This allows you to increase the service life of many parts.

For example, if you install a magnet on the crankcase drain plug while changing the oil, it is very easy to remove the magnet along with the particles. But you need to know that the oil temperature of internal combustion engines is quite high, so it is necessary to use high-temperature magnets. Such magnets have the index SH.

Search for steel objects

The product will allow you to “find treasure” in the form of small bolts, needles, and nails. You just need to take a ball magnet and throw it in the place where you are looking for an item.

He will certainly attract even the smallest things. A ring-shaped magnet tied to a thread will help you find iron objects in the wall, floor or ground.

Help in treating diseases

Many doctors and scientists believe that the magnetic field of a permanent magnet has a beneficial effect on the human body.

They are confident that recently the Earth’s magnetic field has become significantly weaker, and this is also due to numerous reinforced concrete structures that negatively affect it. This field is no longer enough for a person.

But it is precisely this that can normalize blood pressure, improve capillary permeability, and various intracellular processes in the body.

There are often situations when magnetic therapy helps improve vision, memory, and also increases the rate of healing of wounds and ulcers.

But magnetic therapy should not be considered a panacea for all diseases. Be sure to consult your doctor!

There are many different tricks using the unusual properties of this magnet. Their attractive force is so great that even at a fairly large distance they will influence each other, causing the objects in which they are hidden to move.

For example, using super-powerful magnets you can make an object fly a certain distance. It is important to remember safety precautions at this time.

Using a magnet, you can erase information from video, audio and other media. Once exposed to a magnet, it is no longer possible to restore it.

Toys

Magnets are also used in the production of children's toys.

For example, neodymium-based construction kits are quite popular. From them you can assemble spatial structures.

Or an unusual neocube toy.

Its basis is spherical magnets, which are connected using their own force of attraction.

Here's how a 50x30 neodymium magnet works:

Safety in use

Before using items made with this magnet, you need to learn several safety rules:

1. Keep magnets away from children . They often swallow them, and this can cause many life-threatening complications.
2. Due to the fact that magnets have a strong grip, if handled carelessly, your fingers or skin can be pinched , which can lead to bruising. And if the magnet is large in size, and as a result, powerful, a fracture may occur.
3. People with cardiac pacemakers also need to be careful with neodymium magnets . They can put the stimulator into test mode. This can make a person feel sick.
4. When using magnets to lift weights, consider the load they can support . Failure to do so may cause the load to break loose and cause serious injury.
5. Despite their fairly decent weight, magnets are fragile . In a sharp collision they may break. The fragments fly several meters away. Being close can cause cuts and bruises.
6. Magnets cannot be processed without the use of water and special tools. The shavings are highly flammable and can cause a fire.
7. Most magnets are coated with a composition containing nickel. This may cause allergies .

Cost of products

The price of a neodymium magnet directly depends on the power you need.

For example, a magnet capable of lifting 95 kg will cost around 1,300 rubles, 200 kg - 3,500 rubles.

The price category of small magnets starts from about 250 rubles.

Wide field for practical application

Reviews from people who already use neodymium magnets in one way or another.

We bought a small magnet to use in a clothing store. Use it to remove magnetic tags from clothes. Very comfortably!

Administrator Anton

I purchased a neodine magnet from an online store. Installed in the car's injection system. Fuel consumption has decreased significantly.

Lekha, forum member

I installed a pendulum made of neodymium magnets on my desktop. I became less nervous, it calms me down a lot.

Alina

I bought my son a neocube toy. He really likes it and can spend hours putting together different shapes.

Karina

Buy an original magnet now

If you decide to buy a neodymium magnet, choose only high-quality products, beware of fakes that attract you with their low prices.

You can buy a magnet by leaving a request on our website. We work without intermediaries, so our special prices will pleasantly surprise you.

A quality product will serve you faithfully for many years. In order to be convinced of the extraordinary properties of this unusual magnet and its power, you just need to buy it. The capabilities of the product will definitely please you.

Source: http://tovarovgid.ru/dlya-byta/neodimovyj-magnit.html

Is it possible to make neodymium magnets with your own hands?

Scientists have long been trying to create super-strong magnets based on various alloys. But most developments had to use materials that could pose a danger to humans. Finally, we managed to obtain a composition based on neodymium.

This rare earth metal does not pose a potential health hazard. Having become acquainted with the unique properties of such a material, many people wonder whether it is possible to make neodymium magnets with their own hands. In theory, this is a technologically complex process.

Or maybe this can be made from recycled materials?

Neodymium magnets: what is this material?

According to scientists, this development took about 20 years of research and testing. When choosing materials, many factors were taken into account: availability, manufacturability, safety, high magnetic properties, resistance to environmental conditions. Scientists considered the use of rare earth metals to be a promising direction. And neodymium was just perfect for these purposes.

Magnets based on it have amazing adhesive strength. Even a small volume of material can support many times its own weight. Magnetic properties last a long time (lose no more than 2% over 10 years of use). Nowadays neodymium magnets can be purchased in specialized stores. Their prices are affordable to almost anyone.

Magnets based on this rare earth metal are designated by the formula Nd2Fe14B. The composition includes neodymium (Nd), iron (Fe), boron (B). The peculiarity of the technology is that this rare earth metal is difficult to isolate in its pure form. The sintering process with the remaining components in powder form must take place in an inert environment. Otherwise, its rapid oxidation occurs with loss of properties.

The technology for normal conditions is complex, so trying to make neodymium magnets with your own hands is impractical. Products are marked during production. The number after the letter N (25, 30, 45) indicates the code. The higher the indicator, the stronger the magnetic properties of the material. The maximum operating temperature of the magnet also depends on the number.

Peculiarities

To prevent exposure to environmental conditions, the magnets are coated with a protective compound. Typically these are two layers of nickel or an improved version with an additional layer of copper in between. Another important feature is that neodymium magnets begin to demagnetize at temperatures above 70 °C. Exceeding the limit values ​​can lead to a complete loss of properties and the alloy turning into just a piece of metal.

The specifics of the material require special safety measures during operation. Thus, neodymium magnets 50x30 mm have an adhesive force of 100 - 115 kg, and 70x50 mm up to 300 kg. If handled carelessly, they can cause harm: pinching fingers, injuring the skin, damaging bones. In the event of an uncontrolled collision of two magnets, the material may crumble and form sharp fragments that can injure the eyes.

Traditionally, they are used in electronic devices and devices where it is necessary to create a constant magnetic field. The properties of the material make it possible to successfully use them when searching for and lifting metal objects from the bottom of reservoirs. Such structures, in addition to the eye for fastening the cable, are equipped with an eye bolt, which is simply necessary, since when screwed in, it allows you to separate two strongly adhered surfaces.

Magnets are available in sizes from 1 to 120 mm in diameter and in different thicknesses and shapes. The thinnest of them are widely used in the leather goods and furniture industries. They can be found in funny toys and devices for hanging various utensils. Powerful magnets are indispensable for filtering bulk and liquid materials. They are used to catch metal impurities and foreign objects in the conveyor flow.

The high adhesive force encourages people to use them to achieve “savings” when using water and gas. By purchasing neodymium magnets for counters, they thus try to stop or slow down the rotation of their mechanism. This possibility theoretically exists in devices where steel elements are used internally. A powerful magnet placed in a specific location on the housing can slow down the rotation of the impeller.

Industrial technology, in addition to sintering the mass into an alloy, also involves a complex process of magnetization of the resulting substance, which is inaccessible for home conditions. Very powerful force fields are used for this. If you have a great desire to obtain neodymium magnets yourself, you can do this yourself by disassembling “obsolete” electronics.

In some old hard drives you can find one or two small elements inside. It is not advisable to try to drill or crush such magnets. The surface protective layer is damaged, the material reacts with the environment and loses its properties. In addition, as experts say, the shavings are highly flammable and can ignite surrounding surfaces.

Source: https://FB.ru/article/242324/mojno-li-izgotovit-neodimovyie-magnityi-svoimi-rukami

Neodymium magnet. History of invention. Where are they used?

The strongest and most powerful permanent magnet currently available for sale is the neodymium magnet. Such magnets have the chemical formula Nd2Fe14B, and have an exceptional magnetic energy density reaching 512 kJ/m3.

If previously samarium-cobalt (SmCo) magnets were considered the most powerful commercially available, then, starting in 1986, they were gradually replaced by neodymium magnets, which were much more economical in production costs, although with a lower Curie temperature.

With the development of the electronics industry, from the 90s to the present, neodymium magnets have gained great popularity everywhere, and many are still surprised by their remarkable properties, because such a magnet can lift a load thousands of times greater than the weight of the magnet itself.

   Neodymium magnet

It all started when in 1982 the Japanese company Sumitomo Special Metals, working together with the American General Motors on the problem of finding an alternative to expensive samarium-cobalt (SmCo) magnets, found a neodymium-iron-boron compound, which was patented by General Motors in 1985 In 1986, the Magnequench company was opened, specializing in the production of neodymium magnets and selling raw materials for their manufacture.

Magnequench later became part of Molycorp, USA, and Sumitomo became part of Hitachi Corporation, Japan, and Hitachi now holds more than 600 patents related to the production of neodymium magnets by sintering and licenses numerous facilities around the world.

In the end, China became the leader in the production of neodymium magnets, because this country controls a huge share of the world's rare earth ores.

China produces 50,000 tons of neodymium magnets every year. Meanwhile, one ton of the original ore contains about 700 kg of iron, and neodymium - a maximum of 450 grams.

   Neodymium

For the manufacture of neodymium magnets, powder technology is used, which makes it possible to produce three types of magnets: pressed magnets, cast magnets, and sintered magnets.

Before making magnets, magnetic material is smelted; for this, the initial elements (iron, neodymium, boron) are fused in an induction furnace, then the resulting alloy is crushed, obtaining powder for further stages of the technological process, for working with the powder.

   Characteristics of magnets

Depending on the microstructure of the starting elements, the magnetic properties of the final product may vary to some extent. Often the Nd2Fe14B compound is used directly. It is its structure that gives the maximum magnetocrystalline, uniaxial anisotropy. But more complex chemical reactions are also possible.

Sintered magnetoplasts

They are obtained by pressing neodymium-iron-boron powder, sintering it in an inert or vacuum environment, and then grinding it on a machine until the desired shape is obtained. During the pressing of the powder, it is acted upon by a magnetic field of the required intensity and direction, which sets the magnetization.

Cast magnets

They are obtained using polymers that are mixed with neodymium-iron-boron powder and then extruded into a mold, and here it is possible to obtain any shape, however, the energy of the product is limited to 5 MGE.

Pressed magnetoplasts

They are obtained as follows: the original neodymium-iron-boron powder is mixed with a polymer, then pressed into a shape, heated and magnetized. No additional processing is required, and the energy of pressed magnetoplasts is limited to 10 MGse.

Distinctive properties and technical characteristics

So, neodymium magnets have the following distinctive properties:

• Over 10 years, only 1% of magnetization is lost
• Any sizes and shapes available
• Low Curie temperature (see table above)
• High corrosion resistance
• Maximum remanence
• Maximum coercivity
• Maximum specific magnetic energy

Neodymium magnets are marked as follows, these are the so-called classes of neodymium magnets:

• N35-N52
• 33M-48M
• 30H-45H
• 30SH-42SH
• 30UH-35UH
• 28EH-35EH

Here the number denotes the magnetic energy expressed in MGse (MegaGauss-Oersted), and the letter (brand) is the permissible temperature range:

• N (Normal) – up to 80 degrees Celsius
• M (Medium) – up to 100 degrees Celsius
• H (High) – up to 120 degrees Celsius
• SH (Super High) – up to 150 degrees Celsius
• UH (Ultra High) – up to 180 degrees Celsius
• EH (Extra High) – up to 200 degrees Celsius

Usually, the seller is always ready to provide comprehensive information about the technical characteristics of the neodymium magnets he offers.

Scope of application of neodymium magnets

Neodymium magnets have almost completely replaced ferrite magnets in many applications, including industrial applications, as they are much stronger while being more compact.

Thus, neodymium magnets have found the following applications:

• in computer hard disk drives
• as part of erasing heads of inexpensive equipment
• in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• in magnetic guitar pickups
• in electronic cigarettes
• in door locks
• in loudspeakers and headphones
• in magnetic bearings
• in NMR spectrometers
• in electric motors
• in cordless tools
• in servomotors
• in lifting and compressor engines
• in stepper motors
• in electric power steering
• on hybrid and electric vehicles
• in generators and turbines (direct drive turbines require 600 kg of magnets per megawatt of power, and 31% of this mass is neodymium)

   Neodymium magnet toy

In addition, neodymium magnets with their unique magnetic properties have inspired the creators of toys and jewelry. Everyone knows the neocube magnetic kits and others; various construction sets, various decorative fasteners, etc.

Thus, neodymium magnets are capable of not only solving complex production problems, but also simple, convenient solutions.

Recently, powerful magnets have been actively promoted for use in illegal activities. The advertisement encourages you to buy magnets with which you can use electricity, heat and gas without accounting for the consumed resources with the corresponding meters. Unaccounted use of such resources is illegal, according to the Code of Administrative Offences.

See also on the topic:

   Magnetic motor with permanent magnets. Minato engine.

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Source: https://powercoup.by/kak-eto-ustroeno/neodimovyiy-magnit

Neodymium magnets, what are they and what are they for?

Many people ask about neodymium magnets, what they are and what they are needed for. Well, check out the review, here you will find out where magnets are used, how they appeared and where it is better to buy. Hurry up and move on!

Each of us knows what a magnet is. But if you ask about neodymium magnets, what they are and what they are for, not everything will be answered. If you are not yet familiar with this “miracle beast,” then read on. Just imagine, the first such magnet was invented in 1983 by accident and in 3 laboratories at once!

If you think about it, this is more like a myth, but the surviving documentation confirms the fact that the neo-magnet recipe was created in three points on the planet at once. Unimaginable!

General Motors - an American company, Sumitomo Corporation - a Japanese trading company and the Chinese Academy of Sciences were able to make a breakthrough in the magnetic industry.

What are neodymium magnets and what are they for?

Such products have a powerful magnetic field. The composition is very interesting, there are only three components: boron, iron and neodymium. The latter, in turn, is a rare earth element. More precisely, it belongs to the rare earth class, but there is quite a lot of it on planet Earth.

Do you know how to choose a neodymium magnet for a water meter? No?! Rather, go to http://inforemontik.ru/kak-podobrat-neodimovyiy-magnit-dlya-schetchika-vodyi/ where complete instructions await you.

These magnets are known for their attractive force and good resistance to demagnetization. In appearance they resemble an ordinary magnet, only with a characteristic metallic sheen (on a fault it is no different from the usual version of the magnet).

The production of neodymium magnets is a separate topic, but we will briefly touch on it. There are two methods: baking and injection.

For baking, a ready-made mixture is used, it is shaped and sent to an oven heated to 1200 degrees, or it is injected into molten polymer, and then poured into molds.

Pricing is the main problem when buying and selling this product. According to statistics, 95% of neodymium is mined in China and additional export quotas limit wasteful treatment of it.

Because of this, the first jumps in value began to show themselves back in 2009, then in 2011. the cost of neodymium has increased 5 times. And 2017 raised the price by another 1.5 times.

Where is the best place to buy?

Buying neodymium magnets is not an easy task. There are a large number of fakes on the Russian market. Why not order from China?

Source: http://yerkramas.org/article/149704/neodimovye-magnity-chto-eto-i-dlya-chego-nuzhno

What is a neodymium magnet

A neodymium magnet (also known as NdFeB, NIB, or Neo magnet) is an extremely powerful magnet made from rare earth metals: typically an alloy of neodymium, boron, and iron, forming the Nd2Fe14B tetragonal crystal structure. It was first developed in 1982 by General Motors in partnership with Sumitomo Special Metals.

These are the strongest permanent magnets commercially available, with more than 18 times the magnetic energy of conventional magnets. Neodymium magnets come in several classes, characterizing the strength of their attraction, for example, N28, N35, N38, N40, N45. The strongest magnet on this list is N45, but there are stronger ones.

A good neodymium magnet has a magnetic induction of at least 12,500 Gauss (Gauss is a unit of magnetic induction).

They are much stronger than the more common ceramic magnets. Neodymium magnets are much more powerful than conventional magnets, but they are also more expensive than conventional ones. Therefore, you must work with them as carefully as possible, observing proper safety precautions.

Their magnetic fields can influence each other even at a distance of more than 30 centimeters. Please note that neodymium magnets are a brittle alloy.

They are usually coated with a hard nickel-plated protective layer, but do not allow multiple magnets to meet at their full strength, otherwise they may be damaged and small pieces of metal may break off on impact.

This is an N45 class magnet, magnetic induction - 13800 Gauss

This video shows how super magnets destroy various objects upon collision :

Classification of neodymium magnets

Neodymium magnets are differentiated into classes depending on the magnitude of their magnetic moment per unit volume.

Higher values ​​of this indicator indicate stronger magnets and range from N35 to N52 .

The letters following the class name indicate its maximum operating temperatures (referring to the Curie temperature), which range from M (up to 100 degrees Celsius) to EH (200 degrees Celsius).

Classes of neodymium magnets:

• N35-N52
• N33M-N48M
• N30H-N45H
• N30SH-N42SH
• N30UH-N35UH
• N28EH-N35EH

Safety precautions

Neodymium magnets attract metal objects with such great force that if your hand accidentally gets between the magnet and the object of attraction at the moment of their collision, you can easily bruise your fingers, crush your hands and even break a few bones.

Therefore, be extremely careful when handling neodymium magnets and never let small children play with them . Always wear safety glasses when working with magnets.

Keep magnets a safe distance from any magnetic storage devices, such as desktop and laptop computers, hard drives, floppy disks, audio cassettes, video cassettes, and credit cards. It is recommended to maintain a distance of at least one meter between magnets and these objects.

If a child swallows small magnets (they come in different sizes), they can bond with each other inside the digestive system, blocking it from working properly, and can even cause death. Therefore, it is best not to allow children to play with magnets at all, or to allow them to do so only under the strict supervision of adults.

In this video, the expert clearly demonstrates what will happen to a hand if it gets caught between two neodymium magnets :

Neodymium magnets lose their attractive force very slowly. At room temperature, they lose no more than 2% of their magnetization in 10 years. But at the same time, they can be quickly demagnetized if heated above the Curie temperature for each class of neodymium magnets. For the simplest magnets this temperature is only 80°C. In this case, the neodymium magnet will completely lose its magnetic properties.

Where are neodymium magnets used?

When purchasing neodymium magnets, always pay attention to their attractive force. Buy a magnet with an induction of 12500 gauss or higher and do not be fooled by inexpensive offers so as not to be deceived. Nowadays, neodymium magnets are available in any size and shape; buying them is not a problem at all. Particularly popular are magnets in the form of a round platform (washer) with a hook.

Such a neodymium magnet can be used for various purposes: for example, to attach it to walls and hang various objects on a hook, or to tie a rope to a magnet using the hook and use it to retrieve metal objects from wells, various reservoirs, or even from a cesspool.

The magnet's attractive force is so powerful that it will attract all lost metal objects even in a heterogeneous, dense environment.

Neodymium magnet with hooks

A good confirmation of these words is the use of powerful magnets in agriculture. A neodymium magnet, tied on a rope to a tractor plow, when cultivating a field, will collect all metal objects from the top layer of the earth - lost parts of agricultural equipment, nails, nuts, chains and the like.

Neodymium magnets are also used in computer hard drives and DVD drives. They are used for the manufacture of powerful acoustics with high speaker volume, as well as in ordinary headphones, mobile phones, smartphones, tablets and the like. Powerful neodymium supermagnets are widely used by oil workers to extract metal shavings from petroleum products.

In medicine, neodymium magnets are used in magnetic resonance imaging machines.

Neodymium supermagnets

These are incredibly powerful and extremely dangerous Ni-Cu-Ni magnets of class N45 and higher with a magnetic induction of 12500 Gauss, which are sold only to adults, and, as a rule, an adult’s signature is required upon delivery of the magnet to the buyer.

Imagine: a small magnet that fits in the palm of your hand can hold over 360 kilograms of weight! They are used for magnetic control of elementary particles in accelerators, the manufacture of levitating devices, magnetic amplifiers of electrical signals, industrial ferrous metal scrap separators, and so on.

In domestic conditions, neodymium supermagnets affect all sensitive devices inside the room (for example, radios, televisions or CRT monitors). In this case, loose metal objects and other magnets can be carried through the air and fly at high speed to attach themselves to powerful supermagnets.

Neodymium magnet class N50 with magnetic induction 14200 Gauss

Related article: What is kinetic sand.

And if the opposing poles fly towards each other and a person accidentally ends up between them, then he can be seriously injured or killed. At the moment of collision with a person, the magnets will simply crush his bones, crush his fingers and break his ribs or arm in the blink of an eye.

Just recently, a sad story happened: a small child lost his hand when his father left two supermagnets unattended.

The child simply took one magnet in his hand, and when he passed by another magnet, which was lying on a nearby table, it flew through the air and crushed the child’s small hand with a strong blow. Therefore the conclusion is:

NEVER ALLOW CHILDREN TO PLAY WITH NEODYMIUM MAGNETS!

Interesting fact No. 1: neodymium supermagnets are transported only by land. They cannot be sent by air because they will interfere with the aircraft's navigation equipment. All supermagnets are packaged either in small wooden boxes or with large polystyrene foam blocks/panels in double-walled cardboard boxes to minimize exposure to magnetic fields during transport.

Interesting fact No. 2: 50,000 - 80,000 tons of neodymium magnets are officially produced in China every year! China mines more than 95% of rare earth elements and produces about 76% of the world's total rare earth magnets.

Reference:
Gauss (G) or Tesla (T) is a unit of measurement of magnetic field induction, equal to the induction of such a uniform magnetic field in which a force of 1 newton acts on 1 meter of the length of a straight conductor perpendicular to the magnetic induction vector with a current of 1 ampere.

The Curie temperature is the temperature of a second-order phase transition, at which an abrupt change in the properties of a substance occurs. At the Curie temperature, a phase transition occurs from a ferromagnet to a paramagnetic or between the polar and nonpolar phases of a ferroelectric.

Source: https://fshoke.com/2016/05/04/chto-takoe-neodimovyj-magnit/