How to make Rose alloy - Metals and their processing

How to use Rose solder

When producing printed circuit boards and assembling components, their surface must be prepared for upcoming soldering. In many situations, the solution to the problem is chemical tinning using Rose solder.

The composition is named after the chemist who proposed the solder recipe. A legend from not very ancient times says that Newton was the first to discover a melting point of a composite of three metals that was conveniently low for practitioners. Rose slightly modified the ratio and offered the composition to the broad masses of tinkers.

What is

On the domestic market, Rose alloy is often offered under the abbreviated name POSV-50. The abbreviation for solder represents all the components: tin, lead, bismuth.

The number indicated after the letters informs about the percentage of bismuth. It is equal to half of the total mass. The other half contains equal parts lead and tin.

Tinning with Rose alloy has become widespread due to its melting point, which falls within the range of 94 to 98 ℃. The interval is due to the natural error when weighing the initial components during the production process.

Soldering with Rose alloy must be done with caution. Once solidified, the solder becomes very brittle.

The resulting junction of parts must not be subjected to any mechanical loads. This is fraught with the appearance of cracks invisible to the eye, which will bring all efforts down the drain.

How to prepare a solution for tinning

Tinning a board using POSV-50 is not difficult. Tinning can be done in water or a mixture of water and glycerin. Both liquids are always available.

The addition of glycerin is needed to completely melt the Rose solder. At 94℃ it just starts to melt. Water, as you know, at 100 ℃ will already begin to evaporate.

Therefore, for complete melting, a small temperature reserve is needed, which is created by adding glycerin. It mixes well with water and dissolves. The boiling point of the solution increases.

With a 1 to 1 ratio of glycerin and water, the boiling point of the solution will be 110 ℃. With a ratio of 2 to 1, the boiling point will be almost 104 ℃.

To improve the quality of Rose solder, you can add a little citric acid to the solution.

It is enough to add 1 g of powder to 100 ml of water. Many craftsmen add an approximate amount of citric acid. It will not harm the tinning.

The acidic component acts as a flux additive and eliminates the formation of oxides. Thanks to glycerin, the wettability of the working surface with Rose solder improves.

How to make at home

At home, hot tinning of a printed circuit board is very simple. The workplace will be a kitchen stove.

What do you need:

Tinning order:

Place a bowl of water and glycerin on the burner.
Pour a whisper of citric acid into it.
Drop one tablet of Rose's alloy into the solution.
Wait until it melts in the hot solution.
Dip the board in there.
Using a spatula, apply Rose's solder across the surface. You can turn the board over.
Then place it on a piece of PCB.
Use a spatula to scrape off the excess layer of Rose's solder.

After all the procedures, you can remove the board, wipe it with a cloth and enjoy the result. Some people like to wash it with soap. In our opinion, this is not necessary.

Please note that dishes for hot tinning should not be aluminum or cast iron.

It is best to take an enamel container, which then under no circumstances should be used for cooking. Work must be carried out with gloves.

Rose solder is popular not only as a means for tinning. It is used as a fusible fuse in fire alarms and electrical networks.

Source: https://svaring.com/soldering/pripoj/pripoj-roze

Rose alloy: what is it, composition, application

During the soldering process, situations periodically occur when a low solder temperature is required. This happens in the manufacture of microcircuits or in cases where there is a risk of overheating of microelectronic elements, but high strength is not required. For these purposes, the most suitable alloy is Rose.

brief information

The composition of the Rose alloy includes:

bismuth 50%;
lead 25%;
tin 25%.

The permissible deviation of the proportions of the components is ±0.5%. In terms of physical parameters, this solder is close to Wood’s alloy, but has less toxic properties due to the absence of cadmium in its composition, therefore it is more suitable for home use. Its use does not require equipment with an exhaust hood at the workplace.

The melting point of the Rose alloy is +94 °C. It hardens already at +93 °C. This temperature regime is successfully used for tinning boards with Rose alloy. At home, this process can be carried out in boiling water. But it should be remembered that this alloy is sensitive to overheating, in addition, it is quite fragile.

Rose alloy, what is it and why is it called that? Solder is named after the famous German chemist Valentin Rose Sr. and consists of small silver-colored granules or rods.

Soldering with a similar composition facilitates the connection of temperature-critical contacts of radio components and elements in microelectronics due to the low melting point. It is used in industry as POSV-50 grade solder. This material is successfully used for soldering copper, its alloys with aluminum, nickel, brass, silver-plated surfaces of ceramic elements, and precious metals.

Technology of tinning circuit boards in boiling water

Due to the unique temperature characteristics at home, the following technology for tinning printed circuit boards using Rose alloy has been developed. What is it and how does it work?

The first step is to clean the etched copper surface of the PCB.

Then heat a small enameled metal container (bowl or pan) filled with water to boiling temperature. A large tin can will also work. Throw a small amount of citric acid into boiling water.

After this, carefully lower the printed circuit board to the bottom of the container with the tinning surface facing up. The required amount of Rose's alloy granules is lowered after her. After this, in boiling water, the molten granules are distributed evenly with a wooden stick or rubber spatula over the copper surface of the board. In this case, the tinning process occurs.

Excess solder is removed with a swab or spatula. After this, the tinned board is removed from the container and allowed to cool. The result is a bright, almost mirror-like tinned surface, not inferior in quality to an industrial sample.

In order for subsequent soldering with Rose alloy to have sufficient strength and not be brittle, it is necessary to achieve a minimum thickness of the tinning layer. Afterwards, you must thoroughly rinse the surface of the board with water to remove any remaining acid. To further reduce oxidation, it is advisable to cover it with a layer of an alcoholic rosin solution. It will prevent access of oxygen to the metal surface and during the soldering process will act as a flux, ensuring impeccable joint quality.

Techniques for working with glycerin

There is a method of tinning in glycerin with Rose alloy. What is it and how to organize the process? For tinning, it is advisable to use an enameled metal container, say a bowl. It is half filled with glycerin from the nearest pharmacy and heated to a temperature of about 200 ° C. You need to add a few drops of soldering acid to the liquid.

Next, the board is lowered into heated glycerin with the stripped copper layer facing up. Rose alloy granules are thrown from above. Then, using a rubber spatula, the molten metal balls are rubbed over the copper surface of the board. After which the workpiece is carefully removed with tweezers and thoroughly washed with running water to remove acid and glycerin.

The shiny tinned surface is covered with a layer of alcoholic rosin solution. After this, the board is ready for use.

Simplified tinning technology

If there is no desire to tinker with metal containers, boiling and acid, a radio amateur can tin a printed circuit board in the simplest way. Tinning in this case is also carried out with Rose alloy.

What is it and how is it done? The copper foil of the printed circuit board is cleaned with sandpaper and coated with an alcohol solution of rosin, the so-called liquid flux.

After this, you need to put the required amount of Rose alloy granules on the copper tracks of the board and use a low-power soldering iron to carry out the tinning process through the fluffy braid of the coaxial cable. Then wash off the remaining flux with alcohol and cover it with an alcohol solution of rosin as a kind of protective varnish.

Advantages and disadvantages of tinning technologies

Each of these methods has its positive and negative sides. Tinning in boiling water is preferable due to the low operating temperature (up to +100 °C). It gives a high quality tinned surface and does not damage thin circuit board traces or etched inscriptions.

When working in glycerin heated to 200 °C, a similar coating quality is obtained. But there is a danger of getting burned by the oily heated liquid. Glycerin vapor also does not improve the health of the radio amateur. In addition, it should be remembered that when dehydrated glycerin is overheated, the substance acrolein appears, which belongs to class 1 harmful effects and has strong carcinogenic properties.

Tinning with a soldering iron is easier and faster, but there is a danger of overheating with peeling of foil tracks and etched inscriptions on the printed circuit board.

Making Rose alloy with your own hands

It is not always possible to purchase the necessary materials. In this case, you should try making them yourself. To obtain the alloy, you must first purchase bismuth. Instead of pure tin, you will have to use tin-lead solder, since pure metal is not always available. Regular solder contains approximately 40% lead and 60% tin. You need to take a piece of solder and a piece of bismuth of exactly the same volume.

Mix all components in a crucible and melt with the addition of rosin flux. Then carefully pour the molten solder in a thin stream into a container of water. Rose alloy granules will form at its bottom. Of course, this method is not entirely accurate, so the percentage of metals will not fully correspond to the norm, as will the melting point. To more accurately obtain the alloy, Rose will need chemically pure tin, lead and bismuth.

Safety and Precautions

Although Rose's alloy does not contain cadmium, its components (lead and bismuth) can cause an allergic reaction or intoxication. Therefore, it is better to keep the alloy in a tightly sealed package. The shelf life of the composition is about 3 years.

When soldering and tinning, safety precautions must be observed. Work in a ventilated area. Avoid inhaling lead, tin and bismuth fumes. Vapors from rosin and glycerin are also harmful.

When working with a heated crucible, protective equipment in the form of thick gloves and glasses is required.

Source: https://FB.ru/article/372640/splav-roze-chto-eto-takoe-sostav-primenenie

Search data for your request:

THIS IS INTERESTING: How to distinguish white gold from a fake

A legend from not very ancient times says that Newton was the first to discover a melting point of a composite of three metals that was conveniently low for practitioners. Rose slightly modified the ratio and offered the composition to the broad masses of tinkers.

The abbreviation for solder represents all the components: tin, lead, bismuth.

Search data for your request:

Schemes, reference books, datasheets: Discussions, articles, manuals:

Wait for the search to complete in all databases.
Upon completion, a link will appear to access the found materials.

WATCH THE VIDEO ON THE TOPIC: Liquid tin - interesting, interesting.

Alloy ROSE 1pc (100g)

The material received its name in honor of its creator, Valentine Rose, a famous chemist from modern Prussia. Germany, which developed this composition in the 18th century.

He also became famous as an inventor, pharmacist, and was the owner of a pharmacy. It was he who took the lead in selecting the necessary components and their proportions, which led to the creation of a composite metal that melts at a temperature of less than degrees Celsius, which is below the boiling point of water. He also founded a scientific dynasty.

His son, Valentine Rose Jr., became the discoverer of insulin and various methods for determining arsenic. It is often confused with Wood's alloy, since both composites are low-melting in terms of melting point.

But there are a number of important differences between these materials, such as fragility, melting point, cadmium content and others. Rose alloy is low-melting, for soldering - we supply wholesale and retail in Almaty, Kazakhstan. It is a multicomponent metal compound, the base of the alloy is bismuth. It has a low melting point, which is ensured by the special arrangement of the constituent elements. A popular material for soldering electronic equipment and for repairing jewelry.

Delivery of orders is carried out throughout Kazakhstan. Country of origin: Kazakhstan, Russia. Low prices! It can be shipped both in granular form, in gram granules, and in the form of rods or small ingots, silver-metallic color. It is found under the name POSV solder. For each shipped batch, at the Client’s request, a factory passport or quality certificate is provided.

It is produced in accordance with specifications from the year and can be actively used for soldering in a wide variety of industries. It does not contain cadmium, compared to Wood's alloy, which makes working with the alloy safer, but it is still recommended to take all necessary precautions when working. More detailed information is provided in the table at the bottom of the page.

Application Let's briefly consider the basic characteristics and main areas of application of this low-melting alloy: Repair of electrical equipment - often when repairing electrical equipment and its components, the task arises of soldering individual components, and the difficulty is to do this without overheating the individual components.

And this problem can be solved with the help of low-melting alloys, for example, Rose alloy. In jewelry, Rose alloy is used to solder individual elements, such as silver-plated ceramics, copper, nickel jewelry, brass and bronze items.

In low-fusible electrical fuses - special protective elements in electrical circuits, the functional task of which is to prevent the nominal permissible current in the network from exceeding or a short circuit.

One of the methods for achieving this task is the use of low-fusible inserts, including those made of Rose alloy, which melt when a certain current level is exceeded, breaking the electrical circuit, thereby protecting it from damage, hence the name - fuse.

In addition to the above, two unusual uses for the alloy can be added - for bending pipes of both small diameter and thin wall thickness. To do this, the pipe is filled with a molten Rose alloy, bending is performed, and the presence of the composition inside the pipe allows the formation of ruptures and cracks to be minimized.

After completion of the work, the pipe is heated, clearing it of alloy.

The second unusual application is the tinning of electrical circuit boards, in which a board with a copper surface is immersed in a container of boiling water, to which Rose alloy and citric acid with glycerin are added; this process requires certain dexterity and skills.

Price, how to buy If your activity is related to low-melting alloys, then you are well aware of how difficult it is to find a reliable supplier of quality materials. For this reason, you can often find advertisements “where to buy Rose alloy“. In our company you can buy materials for soldering both in Almaty and order transportation to any major city in Kazakhstan.

Source: https://all-audio.pro/c17/instruktsii/kak-sdelat-splav-roze.php

Alloy Rose

The history of the discovery of Rose's alloy is closely connected with Isaac Newton. It was he who, in 1701, laid down the main series of elements of this low-melting compound. The alloy proposed by Newton had several disadvantages.

In particular, it had an increased tendency to crack. No one dared to challenge this combination of elements due to the great authority of the scientist.

Only 45 years after Newton’s death, the German chemist Valentin Rose refined the alloy, changing the ratio of its original components.

Compound

Rose's alloy is a chemical compound of bismuth (50%), tin (25%) and lead (25%). Externally, the alloy is similar to silver. The melting point is just below the boiling point of water and is 94 degrees.

Bismuth itself, which is the base component in this alloy, does not have high ductility properties. For this reason, it is rarely used in its pure form when soldering various types of metals. However, the Rose alloy obtained on its basis is excellent for the manufacture of low-melting solder POSV-50.

This solder tends to increase in volume as the liquid phase transitions to the solid phase. Also, a similar process occurs in alloys during cooling after crystallization.

POSV-50 solder made from Rose alloy does not wet materials such as structural steel and other iron-based compounds poorly, has rather low mechanical characteristics and reduced electrical conductivity. To increase soldering efficiency, steel alloys are pre-tinned with tin-lead solders and galvanized. As a result of such actions, the wettability of the surface improves and, accordingly, the adhesion of the alloys to each other.

Improving the wettability of the Rose alloy with copper is facilitated by alloying its composition with metals such as palladium, platinum, cobalt, nickel and iridium. The amount of these elements ranges from 0.5 to 2%.

The effect of increasing volume from the transition between phases is significantly enhanced after the introduction of germanium, silicon and gallium into the alloy. Increasing the germanium content in the alloy, among other things, has a positive effect on its strength characteristics.

The tensile strength of a copper joint soldered with POSV-50 solder is 14.5 MPa. This is a rather low value, considering that the same indicator for most solders is at the level of 20-22 MPa. For this reason, Rose alloy solder joints are not recommended for use in shock load environments, as there is a high probability of cracks forming.

Application

In terms of appearance and quality characteristics, Rose's alloy is very similar to Wood's alloy. The difference between them is that the Rose alloy does not contain cadmium particles and this makes it less toxic. This parameter helps the alloy find wider application among radio amateurs working at home: the soldering process does not require special exhaust equipment to remove poisonous gas from the room.

POSV-50 solders based on Rose material are used for soldering contact elements with an increased tendency to overheat. It is also increasingly used as a solder for various aluminum and copper alloys.

Rose's alloy serves as a solder for semiconductors. It is used to produce aluminum fuses. In addition to the above, the alloy is used as a solder for nickel contacts and jewelry.

Rose is also used in tinning. The alloy achieved its greatest popularity when tinning copper surfaces of microboards. This process is as follows:

Boil a container of water. It is worth noting that the most suitable containers are made of cast iron and aluminum, or enameled. Galvanized and copper utensils will dissolve when tinning, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of the solder and, accordingly, the impossibility of its reuse. Also, in the future, this container cannot be used for cooking, because During tinning, a thin layer of lead is deposited on the surface of the cookware.
Add a few grams of Rose alloy, citric acid and glycerin. Glycerin is necessary to obtain the required melting point and reduce the emission of harmful gases from the alloy. The presence of citric acid turns the water-glycerin solution into a flux, which prevents its contamination by gases such as oxygen, hydrogen and others.
Place the board copper side down. Note that the board must be cleared prematurely. This is done in order to preserve the solder from contamination and increase its service life.
After 15-20 minutes, the board is removed and cleaned of copper residues.

Tinning with Rose alloy has achieved wider application compared to soldering. The simplicity of the process and the availability of the necessary components play an important role here.

Source: https://prompriem.ru/stati/splav-roze.html

What is rose alloy

If you take tin, lead and bismuth in proportions 1:1:2 and get an alloy, then it is called Rose’s alloy, or more precisely Valentin Rose the Elder, a German pharmacist and part-time chemist. Note that if the melting temperature (i.e., the transition from a solid crystalline state to a liquid) for tin is 231.9 degrees Celsius, then for the Rose alloy it will be about 94-98 degrees Celsius.

It would be fair to note that the championship in the discovery of the composition of elements for a low-melting alloy belongs to Sir I. Newton, who in 1701 recommended the proportion of these elements 2: 3: 5. Valentin Rose dared to deviate from this recommendation 45 years after the departure of the one who “in intelligence surpassed the human race.”

Rose's alloy is often confused with Wood's alloy, as they are similar in appearance.

But Wood’s alloy, on the one hand, has a lower melting point (68.5 degrees Celsius), and on the other hand, this is due to the cadmium added to the composition, which is a toxic and carcinogenic element, which can only be worked with with all precautions. It is precisely because of the toxicity of cadmium in Wood's alloy that Rose's alloy has become more widespread.

POSV-50 tin cannot be soldered

In domestic radio electronics, Rose's alloy is labeled as POSV-50 - tin-lead solder with the addition of bismuth, where bismuth is 50%, the rest is equal parts tin and lead. It is also important to note that the content of elements in the Rose and POSV-50 alloys in the indicated proportions may differ slightly.

In general, the main purpose of the POSV-50 alloy and its analogues is tinning and soldering.

Soldering elements involves desoldering elements from a printed circuit board and installing the elements on a new printed circuit board. It should be noted that when solidifying in the soldering volume, the Rose alloy becomes brittle. Therefore, the resulting solder joint should not be subjected to shock loads, as microcracks may form, which will lead to the destruction of the joint.

THIS IS INTERESTING: How to check gold or fake at home

Tinning with Rose alloy has become more widespread than soldering. The tinning process with this alloy is characterized by the fact that it can be carried out in an easily accessible medium - water with glycerin or in glycerin.

The use of glycerin is explained simply - it is needed to achieve the melting temperature of the alloy, and the alloy just begins to melt at 94 degrees Celsius, and for complete melting a temperature of 105 to 120 degrees Celsius is needed (depending on the percentage composition of the particular alloy).

Water, as you know, boils at a temperature of about 100 degrees. Performing operations in boiling water means inhaling volatile products along with the steam. Glycerin, on the other hand, has a boiling point of 290 degrees Celsius, mixes with water in any proportions, and is also gyroscopic.

This allows, when mixed with water, a guaranteed increase in the boiling point of such a mixed liquid and a reduction in vaporization.

If you mix equal volumes of water and glycerin in a solution, you will get a boiling point of the solution of 110 degrees; a solution with a 2:1 proportion of components will give a boiling point of 103.9 degrees (at normal atmospheric pressure).

To convert a solution of glycerin in water into a weakly active flux, citric acid is added to it, usually in arbitrary proportions, but not less than 1 gram per 100 ml of solution. It is advisable to use distilled water, as it contains less salts.

By the way, for the same reason, you should not use salt instead of glycerin to increase the melting point of water, because this will affect the quality and uniformity of the tin coating.

Also, the use of glycerin allows the surface tension of the solution, compared to ordinary clean water, which facilitates the process of rubbing the melt over the surface of the printed circuit board tracks.

The process of tinning with Rose alloy (POSV group of solders) is similar for Wood’s alloy:

— distilled water is poured into a special container (sufficient in size to immerse the printed circuit board at least partially) and glycerin is added in the required proportions, which are most convenient to select experimentally using any type of thermometer;

- heat the solution to a temperature of about 105 degrees Celsius, add citric acid to the solution;

— immerse the etched and cleaned printed circuit board in the solution;

— place solid particles of the Rose alloy on the required area of the board and wait for it to melt (however, you can first lay the Rose alloy in a sufficient amount by eye, and then immerse the board on it - this is a matter of practice);

- rub the melt along the tracks of the printed circuit board with a wooden or plastic tool (for example, a spatula for a Teflon frying pan or a hard rubber spatula);

— after tinning, the board is washed in warm running water (with soap if possible).

It should be noted that it is better to take aluminum, enameled or cast iron cookware, because... the use of galvanized, copper, silver or tinned utensils and tools for tinning will lead to the dissolution of the utensil metals in the solder and deteriorate its quality, i.e. it will be impossible to use it repeatedly. For the same reason, only clean boards should be immersed in the solution.

It is important that utensils for tinning cannot be used for further cooking, because... Lead deposits in small quantities on machines.

It is recommended to work with rubber gloves to avoid burns.

Word of mouth from Aunt Rose

In general, opinions about the ease of use of the Rose alloy, which can be read in large numbers on radio forums, come down to two options - some use it in their tinning and soldering practice and naturally recommend it, others tried it, something didn’t work out, they had to refuse to use it and therefore are naturally not recommended. There are also those who are simply interested in trying it for some reason - they ask questions. And since the community of radio amateurs is constantly replenished with newcomers (with the spread of various kinds of gadgets - the need for such people is growing) - the exchange of opinions will continue. It is surprising that all this communication is based on a discussion of only two characteristics of the Rose alloy, as a representative of the group of tin-lead low-melting alloys - low melting point and brittleness in the solid state. Moreover, purchasing the alloy is not a problem. It is produced in the form of granules, rods or silver ingots and is sold in any stores along with radio components.

Source: https://soveti-masterov.com/bez-rubriki/chto-takoe-splav-roze.html

Alloy Rose. Soldering and tinning

Rose's alloy contains the following elements: tin (25%), lead (25%) and bismuth (50%). A deviation of ±0.5% is considered acceptable.

This alloy is used for soldering aluminum, nickel, brass, bronze, silver-plated jewelry parts and parts characterized by increased sensitivity to overheating.

Rose alloy, which is POSV-50 solder, has found its application in semiconductor technology, radio engineering and electrical fuses. The developer of the alloy is considered to be Valentin Rose the Elder, a German pharmacist and chemist.

Transportation and storage

Rose alloy can be transported both by road and by rail. Storage can be carried out not only in closed warehouses, but also in open space in hermetically sealed packaging.

Safety precautions

It is not recommended to have long-term contact with heavy metals that are part of the Rose alloy. Particularly dangerous is the ingestion of the alloy into the body. The fact is that some alloy elements, for example, lead, are characterized by high toxicity, which can cause severe intoxication of the body.

Tinning of boards with Rose alloy

The melting point fluctuates around 94 ÷ 1000 C. Consequently, even a drying oven at the place where paint and varnish coatings are applied can serve as melting equipment. With the help of Rose alloy, many radio amateurs tin the copper surface of the etched board.

When tinning with Rose alloy, you need to perform several simple procedures:

1. Pour a small amount of water (up to 500 ml) into a small container and mix a spoonful of citric acid in it, which promotes improved interaction between the Rose alloy and the copper coating of the board.

2. Place the water on low heat, approximately 1000 C (melting point of the Rose alloy). Then you need to throw several granules of this alloy into the water.

3. The etched board must be thrown into water and wait for a while. Then you need to turn it over with the tracks down using a stick/tweezers towards the molten alloy. Next, you need to move it along the bottom for a while and turn it over.

4. Before sticking the board out, you should wipe it using a piece of foam rubber or cotton wool.

Rose alloy soldering

It should be noted that the technological process of soldering to Rose is similar to soldering with other types of solders. A significant advantage of soldering with Rose alloy is that it does not require additional energy consumption. The fact is that the temperature required for melting is extremely low. It is even lower than the temperature at which water turns into steam. This ensures a reduction in the heating level of soldering equipment tips.

It must be emphasized that the Rose alloy is poorly suited for precision casting, being significantly inferior in quality to Wood micro-castings. However, due to the relatively low price of Rose's alloy, it can be considered an alternative to Wood's alloy: the cost of micro-castings rejected for quality and their subsequent remelting is comparable to the cost of using Wood's alloy in the production.

In general, Rose alloy is a worthy alternative to conductive materials and other solders.

At the same time, with the help of modern technologies, the production of products from this alloy can be ensured using both casting and low-temperature extrusion.

Using this alloy, you can save a lot on environmental fees due to the absence of cadmium, which is very aggressive and expensive to dispose of. Thus, purchasing Rose alloy as the main material is a completely logical decision.

Source: http://solo-project.com/articles/10/splav-roze-payka-i-luzhenie.html